Hangul (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Hangul" in English language version.

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18books.google.com

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8korean.go.kr

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3koreatimes.co.kr

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aks.ac.kr

kostma.aks.ac.kr

한국고전원문자료관. kostma.aks.ac.kr. Retrieved 3 November 2024.

encykorea.aks.ac.kr

"한글맞춤법통일안 (한글맞춤法統一案)". Retrieved 24 February 2025.

archive.org

Sampson 1990, p. 120. Sampson, Geoffrey (1990). Writing Systems. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-1756-4.

assembly.go.kr

korea.assembly.go.kr

"Korean History". Korea.assembly.go.kr. Retrieved 13 April 2012.

books.google.com

Kim-Renaud 1997, p. 15. Kim-Renaud, Young-Key, ed. (1997). The Korean Alphabet: Its History and Structure. University of Hawaiʻi Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-1723-7.
Lee & Ramsey 2000, p. 13. Lee, Iksop; Ramsey, Samuel Robert (2000). The Korean Language. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-9130-0.
Kim-Renaud 1997, p. 2. Kim-Renaud, Young-Key, ed. (1997). The Korean Alphabet: Its History and Structure. University of Hawaiʻi Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-1723-7.
Hannas 1997, p. 57. Hannas, W[illia]m C. (1997). Asia's Orthographic Dilemma. University of Hawaiʻi Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-1892-0.
Chen, Jiangping (18 January 2016). Multilingual Access and Services for Digital Collections. ABC-CLIO. p. 66. ISBN 9781440839559. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
Invest Korea Journal. Vol. 23. Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency. 1 January 2005. Retrieved 20 September 2016. They later devised three different systems for writing Korean with Chinese characters: Hyangchal, Gukyeol and Idu. These systems were similar to those developed later in Japan and were probably used as models by the Japanese.
"Korea Now". The Korea Herald. Vol. 29. 1 July 2000. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
Koerner, E. F. K.; Asher, R. E. (28 June 2014). Concise History of the Language Sciences: From the Sumerians to the Cognitivists. Elsevier. p. 54. ISBN 9781483297545. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
Cullen, Louis M. (2003). A History of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and External Worlds, p. 137., p. 137, at Google Books
Vos, Ken. "Accidental acquisitions: The nineteenth-century Korean collections in the National Museum of Ethnology, Part 1", Archived 2012-06-22 at the Wayback Machine p. 6 (pdf p. 7); Klaproth, Julius. (1832). San kokf tsou ran to sets, ou Aperçu général des trois royaumes, pp. 19 n1., p. 19, at Google Books
Klaproth, pp. 1–168., p. 1, at Google Books
Byon, Andrew Sangpil (2017). Modern Korean Grammar: A Practical Guide. Taylor & Francis. pp. 3–18. ISBN 978-1351741293.
Kim-Renaud, Young-Key (2012). Tranter, Nicolas (ed.). The Languages of Japan and Korea. Oxon, UK: Routledge. p. 127. ISBN 9780415462877.
Ho-Min Sohn (29 March 2001). The Korean Language. Cambridge University Press. pp. 48–. ISBN 978-0-521-36943-5.
Iksop Lee; S. Robert Ramsey (2000). The Korean Language. SUNY Press. pp. 315–. ISBN 978-0-7914-4832-8.
Ki-Moon Lee; S. Robert Ramsey (3 March 2011). A History of the Korean Language. Cambridge University Press. pp. 168–. ISBN 978-1-139-49448-9.
Park, ChangHo (2009). Lee, Chungmin; Simpson, Greg B; Kim, Youngjin; Li, Ping (eds.). "Visual processing of Hangul, the Korean script". The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics. III: 379–389. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511596865.030. ISBN 9780511596865 – via Google Books.
Pratt, Keith L.; Rutt, Richard (13 September 1999). Korea: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary – Keith L. Pratt, Richard Rutt, James Hoare – Google Boeken. Psychology Press. ISBN 9780700704637. Retrieved 13 April 2012.

britannica.com

"Hangul". Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 October 2023. Retrieved 28 November 2023.

businessinsider.com

Cock, Joe (28 June 2016). "A linguist explains why Korean is the best written language". Business Insider. Retrieved 2 December 2017.

cha.go.kr

"Hunminjeongeum Manuscript". Korean Cultural Heritage Administration. 2006. Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.

english.cha.go.kr

"Dongguk jeongun (Standard Rhymes of the Eastern State), Volumes 1 and 6". Cultural Heritage Administration. Retrieved 21 April 2025.

cornell.edu

conf.ling.cornell.edu

The Japanese/Korean Vowel Correspondences Archived 2 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine by Bjarke Frellesvig and John Whitman. Section 3 deals with Middle Korean vowels.

daum.net

enc.daum.net

"Korea Britannica article" (in Korean). Enc.daum.net. Retrieved 13 April 2012.

100.daum.net

"Hangul 한글". The modern and contemporary history of Hangul (한글의 근·현대사) (in Korean). Daum / Britannica. 26 June 2002. Retrieved 19 May 2008. 1937년 7월 중일전쟁을 도발한 일본은 한민족 말살정책을 노골적으로 드러내, 1938년 4월에는 조선어과 폐지와 조선어 금지 및 일본어 상용을 강요했다.

daytranslations.com

"Korean Language in North and South Korea: The Differences". Day Translations Blog. 1 May 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

dbpia.co.kr

Choi, Yong-gi (2006). "The Korean language policy in the period of Japan's colonial rule of Korea". 동악어문학. 46: 9–32. Retrieved 24 February 2025.

de-han.org

漢字文化圈的脫漢運動

degruyter.com

Kim-Renaud, Young-Key (25 May 2021), "The Korean Alphabet: Its History and Structure", The Korean Alphabet, University of Hawaii Press, doi:10.1515/9780824845278, ISBN 978-0-8248-4527-8, retrieved 7 December 2023

doi.org

Taylor 1980, pp. 67–82. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.
Pae, Hye K. (1 January 2011). "Is Korean a syllabic alphabet or an alphabetic syllabary". Writing Systems Research. 3 (2): 103–115. doi:10.1093/wsr/wsr002. ISSN 1758-6801. S2CID 144290565.
Kim-Renaud, Young-Key (25 May 2021), "The Korean Alphabet: Its History and Structure", The Korean Alphabet, University of Hawaii Press, doi:10.1515/9780824845278, ISBN 978-0-8248-4527-8, retrieved 7 December 2023
Silva, David J. (2008). "Missionary Contributions toward the Revaluation of Han'geul in Late 19th Century Korea". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (192): 57–74. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.527.8160. doi:10.1515/ijsl.2008.035. S2CID 43569773.
Stonham 2011, p. 97. Stonham, John (2011). "Middle Korean Δ and the Cheju dialect". Bulletin of the School of Oriental & African Studies. 74 (1): 97–118. doi:10.1017/S0041977X10000741. JSTOR 41287927.
Shin, Jiyoung (15 June 2015). "Vowels and Consonants". In Brown, Lucien; Yeon, Jaehoon (eds.). The Handbook of Korean Linguistics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. doi:10.1002/9781118371008. ISBN 978-1-118-37100-8.
F. Yergeau (January 1998). UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2279. RFC 2279. Draft Standard. sec. 3. Versions of the standards. Obsoleted by RFC 3629. Obsoletes RFC 2044.
Park, ChangHo (2009). Lee, Chungmin; Simpson, Greg B; Kim, Youngjin; Li, Ping (eds.). "Visual processing of Hangul, the Korean script". The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics. III: 379–389. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511596865.030. ISBN 9780511596865 – via Google Books.
Taylor 1980, p. 71. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.
Taylor 1980, p. 73. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.
Taylor 1980, p. 70. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.

economist.com

"How was Hangul invented?". The Economist. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2017.

empas.com

100.empas.com

"Jeongeumcheong, synonymous with Eonmuncheong (정음청 正音廳, 동의어: 언문청)" (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Retrieved 19 May 2008.

flickr.com

Ezer, Oded (9 December 2006). "Hangul Dada, Seoul, Korea". Flickr. Retrieved 13 April 2012.

france24.com

Indonesian tribe to use Korean alphabet Archived August 12, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

ietf.org

datatracker.ietf.org

F. Yergeau (January 1998). UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2279. RFC 2279. Draft Standard. sec. 3. Versions of the standards. Obsoleted by RFC 3629. Obsoletes RFC 2044.

issuu.com

"Koreana Autumn 2007 (English)". Koreana Autumn 2007 (English). 3 February 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

japantimes.co.jp

Anya, Agnes (20 December 2023). "Indigenous Indonesians use Korean letters to save dialect". The Japan Times. Retrieved 5 June 2024.

joins.com

koreajoongangdaily.joins.com

"Standard Rhymes of the Eastern State". Korea JoongAng Daily. 11 January 2015. Retrieved 21 April 2025.

jstor.org

Stonham 2011, p. 97. Stonham, John (2011). "Middle Korean Δ and the Cheju dialect". Bulletin of the School of Oriental & African Studies. 74 (1): 97–118. doi:10.1017/S0041977X10000741. JSTOR 41287927.
Miyake, Marc Hideo (1998). "Review of Asia's Orthographic Dilemma". Korean Studies. 22: 114–121. ISSN 0145-840X. JSTOR 23719388.

korean.go.kr

알고 싶은 한글. National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
"Individual Letters of Hangul and its Principles". National Institute of Korean Language. 2008. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
"Different Names for Hangeul". National Institute of Korean Language. 2008. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
"The Background of the invention of Hangeul". National Institute of Korean Language. National Academy of the Korean Language. 2008. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
"Want to know about Hangeul?". National Institute of Korean Language. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
"4. The providing process of Hangeul". National Academy of the Korean Language. January 2004. Retrieved 19 May 2008.
문자 생활과 한글 (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 March 2023.

kornorms.korean.go.kr

한글 맞춤법[시행 2017. 3. 28.] 문화체육관광부 고시 제2017-12호(2017. 3. 28.) [Hangul Spelling [Enforcement 2017. 3. 28.] Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism Notice No. 2017-12 (2017. 3. 28.)]. ko: 국립국어원, (The National Institute of the Korean Language). 28 March 2017. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2021.

koreatimes.co.kr

"Linguistics Scholar Seeks to Globalize Korean Alphabet". The Korea Times. 15 October 2008.
"Hangeul didn't become Cia Cia's official writing". The Korea Times. 6 October 2010.
Park, Si-soo (6 August 2009). "Indonesian Tribe Picks Hangeul as Writing System". The Korea Times.

law.go.kr

"한글맞춤법". 28 March 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2025.

legal-translations.com.au

"The Korean Language: The Key Differences Between North and South". Legal Translations. 16 March 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

ling-app.com

"History Of Hangul 101: A Fascinating Throwback - Ling App". ling-app.com. 25 January 2023. Retrieved 28 November 2023.

merriam-webster.com

"Hangul". Dictionary by Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 15 August 2017.

mondly.com

"A Quick Guide to Hangul, the Korean Alphabet – Pronunciation and Rules". Mondly Blog. 25 May 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

news1.kr

Park, Jung Hwan (29 September 2019). 한글, 고종황제 드높이고 주시경 지켜내다 [Hangul, raise the status of Emperor Gojong and protect Ju Si-geong]. news1 (in Korean). Retrieved 29 September 2019.

nii.ac.jp

irdb.nii.ac.jp

LEE, Hyong Cheol (28 December 2016). "植民地支配下の朝鮮語" [Korean Language under the rule of Japanese Colony]. Journal of the Faculty of Global and Media Studies (in Japanese). 1 (University of Nagasaki): 7–19. Retrieved 17 August 2022.

nla.gov.au

McCune & Reischauer 1939, p. 52. McCune, G[eorge] M.; Reischauer, E[dwin] O. (1939). "The Romanization of the Korean Language: Based upon Its Phonetic Structure" (PDF). Transactions of the Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. XXIX: 1–55. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2015.

ntcu.edu.tw

ip194097.ntcu.edu.tw

楊允言; 張學謙; 呂美親 (2008). 台語文運動訪談暨史料彙編 [Compilation of Historical Materials and Interviews on the Written Taiwanese Movement] (in Chinese). Taiwan: 國史館. pp. 284–285. ISBN 9789860132946. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022.

nytimes.com

archive.nytimes.com

Choe, Sang-Hun (11 September 2009). "South Korea's Latest Export - Its Alphabet". The New York Times.

omniglot.com

"Korean alphabet, pronunciation and language". www.omniglot.com. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

paran.com

blog.paran.com

Korean orthography rules Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Silva, David J. (2008). "Missionary Contributions toward the Revaluation of Han'geul in Late 19th Century Korea". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (192): 57–74. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.527.8160. doi:10.1515/ijsl.2008.035. S2CID 43569773.

rfc-editor.org

F. Yergeau (January 1998). UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2279. RFC 2279. Draft Standard. sec. 3. Versions of the standards. Obsoleted by RFC 3629. Obsoletes RFC 2044.

rmv.nl

Vos, Ken. "Accidental acquisitions: The nineteenth-century Korean collections in the National Museum of Ethnology, Part 1", Archived 2012-06-22 at the Wayback Machine p. 6 (pdf p. 7); Klaproth, Julius. (1832). San kokf tsou ran to sets, ou Aperçu général des trois royaumes, pp. 19 n1., p. 19, at Google Books

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Pae, Hye K. (1 January 2011). "Is Korean a syllabic alphabet or an alphabetic syllabary". Writing Systems Research. 3 (2): 103–115. doi:10.1093/wsr/wsr002. ISSN 1758-6801. S2CID 144290565.
Silva, David J. (2008). "Missionary Contributions toward the Revaluation of Han'geul in Late 19th Century Korea". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (192): 57–74. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.527.8160. doi:10.1515/ijsl.2008.035. S2CID 43569773.

snu.ac.kr

s-space.snu.ac.kr

Kim, Man-Tae (2 April 2009). "A Study on the Principle of Character Combination and the Ideology of Science of I Ching in Hunminjeongeum: Focusing on the Principles of Yin-yang and Five Elements & the Principles of Three Components of the Universe" (PDF) (in Korean). p. 39.

taekwondopreschool.com

"Letter Names (Hangul 한글) | Taekwondo Preschool". www.taekwondopreschool.com. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

twlls.org.tw

洪惟仁 (2010). "閩南語書寫法的理想與現實" [Idealism vs. Reality: Writing Systems for Taiwanese Southern Min] (PDF). 臺灣語文研究 (in Chinese). 5 (1): 89, 101–105. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2022.

ubc.ca

open.library.ubc.ca

Son 2008, p. 17. Son, Jeonghye (2008). Korean residents in Japan and their Korean language in multiple language contacts (M.A. thesis). Vancouver: University of British Columbia.

unesco.org

"The Hunmin Chongum Manuscript | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

unicode.org

"An introduction to Korean Standard KS X 1026-1:2007, Hangul processing guide for information interchange" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

voanews.com

Kurt Achin (29 January 2010). "Indonesian Tribe Learns to Write with Korean Alphabet". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2010.

wazu.jp

Welch, Craig. "Korean Unicode Fonts". www.wazu.jp.

web.archive.org

McCune & Reischauer 1939, p. 52. McCune, G[eorge] M.; Reischauer, E[dwin] O. (1939). "The Romanization of the Korean Language: Based upon Its Phonetic Structure" (PDF). Transactions of the Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. XXIX: 1–55. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
"Hunminjeongeum Manuscript". Korean Cultural Heritage Administration. 2006. Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
WorldCat, Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu Archived 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine; alternate romaji Sankoku Tsūran Zusetsu Archived 6 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine
Vos, Ken. "Accidental acquisitions: The nineteenth-century Korean collections in the National Museum of Ethnology, Part 1", Archived 2012-06-22 at the Wayback Machine p. 6 (pdf p. 7); Klaproth, Julius. (1832). San kokf tsou ran to sets, ou Aperçu général des trois royaumes, pp. 19 n1., p. 19, at Google Books
문자 생활과 한글 (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 March 2023.
洪惟仁 (2010). "閩南語書寫法的理想與現實" [Idealism vs. Reality: Writing Systems for Taiwanese Southern Min] (PDF). 臺灣語文研究 (in Chinese). 5 (1): 89, 101–105. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
楊允言; 張學謙; 呂美親 (2008). 台語文運動訪談暨史料彙編 [Compilation of Historical Materials and Interviews on the Written Taiwanese Movement] (in Chinese). Taiwan: 國史館. pp. 284–285. ISBN 9789860132946. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
Indonesian tribe to use Korean alphabet Archived August 12, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
Kurt Achin (29 January 2010). "Indonesian Tribe Learns to Write with Korean Alphabet". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
한글 맞춤법[시행 2017. 3. 28.] 문화체육관광부 고시 제2017-12호(2017. 3. 28.) [Hangul Spelling [Enforcement 2017. 3. 28.] Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism Notice No. 2017-12 (2017. 3. 28.)]. ko: 국립국어원, (The National Institute of the Korean Language). 28 March 2017. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
The Japanese/Korean Vowel Correspondences Archived 2 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine by Bjarke Frellesvig and John Whitman. Section 3 deals with Middle Korean vowels.
Korean orthography rules Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine

wikimedia.org

upload.wikimedia.org

Revised Romanization of Korean: Hangeul; English: /ˈhɑːnɡuːl/ ^ⓘ HAHN-gool^[2]

wlonk.com

thinkzone.wlonk.com

"Korean Alphabet". thinkzone.wlonk.com. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Taylor 1980, pp. 67–82. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.
Pae, Hye K. (1 January 2011). "Is Korean a syllabic alphabet or an alphabetic syllabary". Writing Systems Research. 3 (2): 103–115. doi:10.1093/wsr/wsr002. ISSN 1758-6801. S2CID 144290565.
Miyake, Marc Hideo (1998). "Review of Asia's Orthographic Dilemma". Korean Studies. 22: 114–121. ISSN 0145-840X. JSTOR 23719388.
Kim-Renaud, Young-Key. (2009). Korean : an essential grammar. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-38513-8. OCLC 245598979.
Taylor 1980, p. 71. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.
Taylor 1980, p. 73. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.
Taylor 1980, p. 70. Taylor, Insup (1980). "The Korean writing system: An alphabet? A syllabary? A logography?". In Kolers, P.A.; Wrolstad, M. E.; Bouma, Herman (eds.). Processing of Visual Language. Vol. 2. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 67–82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1068-6_5. ISBN 978-0306405761. OCLC 7099393.

worldcat.org

WorldCat, Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu Archived 4 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine; alternate romaji Sankoku Tsūran Zusetsu Archived 6 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine