Hapa (English Wikipedia)

Ho, Jennifer Ann (2015). Racial Ambiguity in Asian American Culture. Asian American Studies Today. Rutgers University Press. p. 153. ISBN 9780813570716. OCLC 973052426. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Judd, Gerrit Parmele (1961). Hawaii : an informal history. Collier-Macmillan. p. 136. OCLC 1035087443. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

archives.gov

obamawhitehouse.archives.gov

Office of Management and Budget (October 30, 1997), "Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity", Office of Management and Budget, archived from the original on January 21, 2017 – via National Archives

books.google.com

Huynh-Hohnbaum & Yoo 2009, p. 437: "The term "hapa" is commonly used to refer to multiracial Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs) and originates from a Native Hawaiian word.". Huynh-Hohnbaum, Anh-Luu T.; Yoo, Grace J. (2009). "Multiracial Asians and Pacific Islanders". In Chen, Wen-Chu; Yoo, Grace J. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Asian American Issues Today. Vol. 1. Greenwood Pub Group. pp. 437–443. ISBN 978-0313347511. OCLC 422757556.
Haas, Michael (2011). Barack Obama, the Aloha Zen President: How a Son of the 50th State May Revitalize America Based on 12 Multicultural Principles. Praeger. p. 152. ISBN 9780313394027. OCLC 714891924. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Shepherd, John (2003). Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World. Vol. II: Performance and Production. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 450. ISBN 9780826463227. OCLC 50235133. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Asakawa, Gil (2015) [2004]. Being Japanese American (2nd ed.). Stone Bridge Press. p. preface page 2. ISBN 978-1611720228. Retrieved March 17, 2016.

buzzfeed.com

Sunakawa, Ellie; Willmore, Alison; Varner, Will; Rosenberg, Shannon; Nguyen, Dao; Hua, Bryant (May 7, 2015). "31 Things All Half-Asians Know To Be True". BuzzFeed. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

dailyfreepress.com

Niu, Lian (October 11, 2022). "Half Asian People's Association strives to 'connect through the disconnects'". The Daily Free Press. ISSN 1094-7337. Retrieved October 11, 2022.

dictionary.com

"Definition of hapa | Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com. Retrieved August 20, 2022.

doi.org

Bernstein & De la Cruz 2009, p. 723: "Thus, for locals in Hawai’i, both hapa or hapa haole are used to depict people of mixed-race heritage." Bernstein, Mary; De la Cruz, Marcie (2009). ""What are You?": Explaining Identity as a Goal of the Multiracial Hapa Movement". Social Problems. 56 (4): 722–745. doi:10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722. JSTOR 10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722.
Bernstein & De la Cruz 2009, p. 723: "Today, 'hapa' is used to describe any person of mixed East and South East Asian or Pacific Islander descent." Bernstein, Mary; De la Cruz, Marcie (2009). ""What are You?": Explaining Identity as a Goal of the Multiracial Hapa Movement". Social Problems. 56 (4): 722–745. doi:10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722. JSTOR 10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722.
Ozaki & Johnston 2009, pp. 53–54: "Currently, hapa is often used to refer to anyone of a racially mixed Asian heritage, and even more recently to anyone who is of mixed-race heritage (Taniguchi & Heidenreich 2006)." Ozaki, C. Casey; Johnston, Marc (2009). "The space in between: Issues for multiracial student organizations and advising". New Directions for Student Services. 2008 (123): 53–61. doi:10.1002/ss.286. Taniguchi, Angela S.; Heidenreich, Linda (June 28, 2006). "Re-Mix: Rethinking the use of Hapa in Mixedrace Asian/Pacific Islander American Community Organizing". Research Exchange. McNair Journal. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

hawaii.edu

soc.hawaii.edu

Folen, Alana; Ng, Tina. "The Hapa Project: How multiracial identity crosses oceans". soc.hawaii.edu. University of Hawaii at Manoa. Archived from the original on September 18, 2009. Jonathan Okamura, professor of ethnic studies at the University of Hawai`i at Manoa, explained that although hapa is a word that describes all people of mixed ancestry, hapa is primarily used to describe people who are half white and half East or Southeast Asian American.

heinonlinebackup.com

Easley 1995, p. 76: "'Hapa haole' is a commonly used phrase in Hawaii, employed by all Asian subgroups, but Hawaiian in origin. The phrase literally translates into "of part-white ancestry or origin."" Easley, Allen Ken (1995). "Of Children's Plates, Melting Pots, Tossed Salads and Multiple Consciousness: Tales from a Hapa Haole". UCLA Asian Pacific American Law Journal. 3 (1): 75–80. Retrieved September 2, 2013.

jstor.org

Bernstein & De la Cruz 2009, p. 723: "Thus, for locals in Hawai’i, both hapa or hapa haole are used to depict people of mixed-race heritage." Bernstein, Mary; De la Cruz, Marcie (2009). ""What are You?": Explaining Identity as a Goal of the Multiracial Hapa Movement". Social Problems. 56 (4): 722–745. doi:10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722. JSTOR 10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722.
Bernstein & De la Cruz 2009, p. 723: "Today, 'hapa' is used to describe any person of mixed East and South East Asian or Pacific Islander descent." Bernstein, Mary; De la Cruz, Marcie (2009). ""What are You?": Explaining Identity as a Goal of the Multiracial Hapa Movement". Social Problems. 56 (4): 722–745. doi:10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722. JSTOR 10.1525/sp.2009.56.4.722.

merriam-webster.com

"Hapa Haole". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved September 2, 2013.

mixedheritagecenter.org

Dariotis 2007. Dariotis, Wei Ming (2007). "Hapa: The Word of Power". Mixed Heritage Center. Retrieved September 2, 2013.

npr.org

Johnson 2016. Johnson, Akemi (2016). "Who Gets To Be 'Hapa'?". NPR. Retrieved July 15, 2019.

nytimes.com

Downes, Lawrence (March 11, 2017). "In Los Angeles, a Festival of Love and Hapa-ness". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 13, 2017.

osu.edu

activities.osu.edu

"Half-Asian People's Association : Find a Student Organization : Student Activities". activities.osu.edu. January 26, 2021. Archived from the original on November 5, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.

portlandoregon.gov

"Hapa, Asian, and Pacific Islander (H.A.P.I.)". The City of Portland, Oregon. August 1, 2016. Archived from the original on November 5, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.

reelasian.com

"2010 Festival Award Winners". Reel Asian International Film Festival. November 14, 2010. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

stanford.edu

web.stanford.edu

Gamble, Adriane E. (October 2009). "Hapas: Emerging Identity, Emerging Terms and Labels & the Social Construction of Race" (PDF). Stanford Journal of Asian American Studies. II. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

web.archive.org

Chew, Erin (March 22, 2016). "Are we using the word 'Hapa' in the wrong context?". You Offend Me You Offend My Family. Archived from the original on July 6, 2018. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
"Half-Asian People's Association : Find a Student Organization : Student Activities". activities.osu.edu. January 26, 2021. Archived from the original on November 5, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
"Hapa, Asian, and Pacific Islander (H.A.P.I.)". The City of Portland, Oregon. August 1, 2016. Archived from the original on November 5, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
Folen, Alana; Ng, Tina. "The Hapa Project: How multiracial identity crosses oceans". soc.hawaii.edu. University of Hawaii at Manoa. Archived from the original on September 18, 2009. Jonathan Okamura, professor of ethnic studies at the University of Hawai`i at Manoa, explained that although hapa is a word that describes all people of mixed ancestry, hapa is primarily used to describe people who are half white and half East or Southeast Asian American.
Office of Management and Budget (October 30, 1997), "Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity", Office of Management and Budget, archived from the original on January 21, 2017 – via National Archives

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Ho, Jennifer Ann (2015). Racial Ambiguity in Asian American Culture. Asian American Studies Today. Rutgers University Press. p. 153. ISBN 9780813570716. OCLC 973052426. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Niu, Lian (October 11, 2022). "Half Asian People's Association strives to 'connect through the disconnects'". The Daily Free Press. ISSN 1094-7337. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
Huynh-Hohnbaum & Yoo 2009, p. 437: "The term "hapa" is commonly used to refer to multiracial Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs) and originates from a Native Hawaiian word.". Huynh-Hohnbaum, Anh-Luu T.; Yoo, Grace J. (2009). "Multiracial Asians and Pacific Islanders". In Chen, Wen-Chu; Yoo, Grace J. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Asian American Issues Today. Vol. 1. Greenwood Pub Group. pp. 437–443. ISBN 978-0313347511. OCLC 422757556.
Downes, Lawrence (March 11, 2017). "In Los Angeles, a Festival of Love and Hapa-ness". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Judd, Gerrit Parmele (1961). Hawaii : an informal history. Collier-Macmillan. p. 136. OCLC 1035087443. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Kanahele, George S.; Berger, John, eds. (2012) [1979]. Hawaiian Music & Musicians (2nd ed.). Honolulu, HI, USA: Mutual Publishing, LLC. ISBN 9781566479677. OCLC 808415079.
Haas, Michael (2011). Barack Obama, the Aloha Zen President: How a Son of the 50th State May Revitalize America Based on 12 Multicultural Principles. Praeger. p. 152. ISBN 9780313394027. OCLC 714891924. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Shepherd, John (2003). Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World. Vol. II: Performance and Production. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 450. ISBN 9780826463227. OCLC 50235133. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

wsu.edu

research.libraries.wsu.edu

Taniguchi & Heidenreich 2006, p. 137: "Currently, Hawaiian locals use 'hapa' to refer to any individual who is racially mixed." Taniguchi, Angela S.; Heidenreich, Linda (June 28, 2006). "Re-Mix: Rethinking the use of Hapa in Mixedrace Asian/Pacific Islander American Community Organizing". Research Exchange. McNair Journal. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Ozaki & Johnston 2009, pp. 53–54: "Currently, hapa is often used to refer to anyone of a racially mixed Asian heritage, and even more recently to anyone who is of mixed-race heritage (Taniguchi & Heidenreich 2006)." Ozaki, C. Casey; Johnston, Marc (2009). "The space in between: Issues for multiracial student organizations and advising". New Directions for Student Services. 2008 (123): 53–61. doi:10.1002/ss.286. Taniguchi, Angela S.; Heidenreich, Linda (June 28, 2006). "Re-Mix: Rethinking the use of Hapa in Mixedrace Asian/Pacific Islander American Community Organizing". Research Exchange. McNair Journal. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Taniguchi & Heidenreich 2006, p. 135: "In the United States, individuals recognized the term as meaning mixed Asian/Pacific Islander or, more popularly, part Asian." Taniguchi, Angela S.; Heidenreich, Linda (June 28, 2006). "Re-Mix: Rethinking the use of Hapa in Mixedrace Asian/Pacific Islander American Community Organizing". Research Exchange. McNair Journal. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
Taniguchi & Heidenreich 2006, p. 38: "Prominent figures in the Hawaiian sovereignty movement, such as the Trask sisters, have spoken out against the co-optation of the Hawaiian language by Hapa organizations and other 'inappropriate' uses of the term." Taniguchi, Angela S.; Heidenreich, Linda (June 28, 2006). "Re-Mix: Rethinking the use of Hapa in Mixedrace Asian/Pacific Islander American Community Organizing". Research Exchange. McNair Journal. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

yomyomf.com

Chew, Erin (March 22, 2016). "Are we using the word 'Hapa' in the wrong context?". You Offend Me You Offend My Family. Archived from the original on July 6, 2018. Retrieved November 19, 2018.

youtube.com

NeSmith 2018. NeSmith, Richard Keao (2018). "The Etymology of Hapa". Japanese American National Museum. Event occurs at 44:35-45:10.