Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland; Oliver, Roland Anthony; Clark, John Desmond; Gray, Richard; Flint, John E.; Roberts, A. D.; Sanderson, G. N.; Crowder, Michael (1975). The Cambridge history of Africa: Fage, J. D. Cambridge University Press. p. 137. ISBN9780521209816. Archived from the original on 2024-05-22. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
Africa a, Collections Of (1956). African Native Tribes. p. 27. Archived from the original on 2023-04-05. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
La Somalia italiana nei tre anni del mio governo Giacomo Di Martino (1912)Archived 2023-12-10 at the Wayback Machine|quote="And the first that presents itself, that of the Abgal, boasts an ancient, and for these people, glorious origin. And in fact it was the one that rose up against the domination of the Agiuran, with which the Hauia common lineage (one of the great tribes of the Somali stock that populates East Africa) it had.
Both the Agiuran and the Abgal were therefore of the same origin, that is, of the region of Djibouti, whence the Agiuran, nearly five centuries ago had come to conquer Somalia, occupying and extending their domination over almost the entire current territory of the Colony."
Ethnographie Nordost-Afrikas (Paulitschke 1893)Archived 2023-07-07 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The tribes of the Hawiya, whose members consider themselves the purest, so to speak and the cream of the Somâl, is spread over the whole vast terrain from the middle Erer valley from Harar and Karanle along the left bank of the Vêbi Shabêli distributed to the coast of the Indian Ocean between Cape Sîf Tawîl and Maqdishu and Merka.
La colonizzazione Europea nell'Est Africa Italia, Inghilterra, Germania (Gustavi Chiesi 1909)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The populations of people in the area of Uarsceik to Ras Elhur to Mustahil on the Uebi Schiavelli, belong to the purest type and character of the Somali breed. Physically and aesthetically counted among the best, most perfect specimens of their race - they are examples of beauty, grace and the elegance of ancient Greek statues. Undoubtedly these Somalis of this region, we will say so, pure, proud, haughty, protective of their own individual and collective freedom; suspicious of our civilisation, our intentions and therefore most difficult to those not governing cross breeds or polluted by the blood of Galla and Suaheli in the southernmost part.
Somalia e Benadir (Robbecchi Bricchetti 1899)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The character of the Somalis is not so easy to describe. They are cowardly, scheming, liars, selfish, avenging, suspicious, traitors. The Auijja, who are more expansive, cheery, kinetic and energetic of a lively and penetrating spirit, do not consider theft as a crime if done on a large scale at gunpoint and by way of conquest, always ready for any discomfort, even if to be able to satisfy their revenge.
The Crown Colonist (1946)Archived 2023-06-03 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The Somalis are divided into rers and fakidas (clans or tribes); of the Hawiya, the most fanatical Muslims. No Italian dared to travel far from Mogadishu without a large armed escort.
Bollettino della Società geografica italiana (Civelli 1919)Archived 2023-04-12 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The Hawiya would be the first result of a crossing of Somalis with other populations, as is also confirmed by the current opinion that considers the Hawiya the most noble group, for the fact that they were the earliest followers of Muslim influence.
The Journal of the Historical SocietyArchived 2023-04-01 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The greatest Zaidite backwash had flown into Somalia when Imam Yahya ibn Husain was killed. By the end of the 15th century Zaidite Muslims sympathetic to their deceased monarch as religious and political dissidents were among the Hawiyya Somali clan; the Mashafa Milad an Ethiopic work composed during the reign of Zara Yacob records that Muslims under the command of Shaikh Abu Bakr ibn' Umar, Sultan of Makdishu, who were Zaidites, fought against the Ethiopian Negus."
The Earth and Its Inhabitants ...: South and east Africa (1876)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The Hawiyas, who are dominant in Ogaden, that is, the great central territory of Somali Land, are certainly the most powerful of all the Somali people. M. Revoil describes them as less bellicose than the other branches of the race, but at the same time more fanatical and more dangerous to foreigners. They belong to a distinct Mohammedan sect, which, to judge from their practices, seems in some way akin or analogous to that of the Wahabites in Central Arabia."
Rulers, Guns, and Money - The Global Arms Trade in the Age of ImperialismArchived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The British Vice Consul at Harar, writing of the Hawiya tribe in the Ogaden, who were in revolt against the Ethiopians, reported that they had always been powerful, but had become much stronger after being furnished with a good supply of arms from Djibouti. He anticipated that all the Somali tribes would be so well armed in the near future that the Ethiopians would have great difficulty in preserving their rule in Harar."
L'ultimo impero cristiano politica e religione nell'Etiopia contemporanea (1916- 1974)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The Hawiya chiefs who together with their sons, participated in the plans of Lij Jasu only aggravated the violence on both sides. The Hawiyas, in revenge, destroyed the crops around Harar in order to create a scorched earth policy and raided numerous cattle, which were partly owned by Aqa Gabru. The punitive expedition led by the Amhara faced an entire coalition made up of Geri Somali and Ogaden soldiers, but led by the Hawiya."
Maino, M (1956). Somalia d'oggi. Coloniale Italiano. p. 34. Archived from the original on 2023-11-22. Retrieved 2023-11-22.
Acta Geographica 1950Archived 2023-10-26 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The Hawia played a grand historical role, having constituted the majority of the Somali who pushed back the Oromo, caused by pressure of the expansion of the Oromo from the 15th century towards southern and central Ethiopia."
Futuh Al Habesha - The Conquest of Ethiopia (Shihabuddin Arab Fekih)Archived 2023-12-29 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The plural use of tribes demonstrates a large group of native nomadic kinsmen. For comparison, Somalis are counted as plural tribes (where Hawiye is a tribe, Marehan is a tribe etc.) while the Harla are also counted as multiple tribes for having an equally significant contribution. This also shows the ethnic Belewta individuals from other regions at the time of Sa'ad ad-Din after 1350AD would not constitute plural tribes hence the term emphasis relating to nomadic gallantry which Amharic historian Mekuria picks up on as does the synaraxium of Alexandria and other accounts. The founder of Awsa and relative of Gragn, Imam Mohamed Gasa, according to Awsa chronicles, would leave the Bale region (a traditional Hawiye homeland) to later form a dynasty beyond the Awash river evading the Oromo while having minimal to no contact with natives from Eritrea or Sudan even while the Ottomans recognised the Belewta Chiefs of Massawa to rule that Port on their behalf from 1554 onwards."
Nordisk Familjebok 1876-1899 (Runeberg 1876)Archived 2023-12-31 at the Wayback Machine|quote=Ajan, better Adjan, former name of the eastern coast of Africa between Cape Guardafui and the equator, inhabited of Somali and Galla tribes, who are ruled by independent so-called Imams. Now it makes up part of the land of Somali.
Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland; Oliver, Roland Anthony; Clark, John Desmond; Gray, Richard; Flint, John E.; Roberts, A. D.; Sanderson, G. N.; Crowder, Michael (1975). The Cambridge history of Africa: Fage, J. D. Cambridge University Press. p. 137. ISBN9780521209816. Archived from the original on 2024-05-22. Retrieved 2020-11-05.
Africa a, Collections Of (1956). African Native Tribes. p. 27. Archived from the original on 2023-04-05. Retrieved 2023-03-09.
La Somalia italiana nei tre anni del mio governo Giacomo Di Martino (1912)Archived 2023-12-10 at the Wayback Machine|quote="And the first that presents itself, that of the Abgal, boasts an ancient, and for these people, glorious origin. And in fact it was the one that rose up against the domination of the Agiuran, with which the Hauia common lineage (one of the great tribes of the Somali stock that populates East Africa) it had.
Both the Agiuran and the Abgal were therefore of the same origin, that is, of the region of Djibouti, whence the Agiuran, nearly five centuries ago had come to conquer Somalia, occupying and extending their domination over almost the entire current territory of the Colony."
Maino, M (1956). Somalia d'oggi. Coloniale Italiano. p. 34. Archived from the original on 2023-11-22. Retrieved 2023-11-22.
Nordisk Familjebok 1876-1899 (Runeberg 1876)Archived 2023-12-31 at the Wayback Machine|quote=Ajan, better Adjan, former name of the eastern coast of Africa between Cape Guardafui and the equator, inhabited of Somali and Galla tribes, who are ruled by independent so-called Imams. Now it makes up part of the land of Somali.
Ethnographie Nordost-Afrikas (Paulitschke 1893)Archived 2023-07-07 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The tribes of the Hawiya, whose members consider themselves the purest, so to speak and the cream of the Somâl, is spread over the whole vast terrain from the middle Erer valley from Harar and Karanle along the left bank of the Vêbi Shabêli distributed to the coast of the Indian Ocean between Cape Sîf Tawîl and Maqdishu and Merka.
La colonizzazione Europea nell'Est Africa Italia, Inghilterra, Germania (Gustavi Chiesi 1909)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The populations of people in the area of Uarsceik to Ras Elhur to Mustahil on the Uebi Schiavelli, belong to the purest type and character of the Somali breed. Physically and aesthetically counted among the best, most perfect specimens of their race - they are examples of beauty, grace and the elegance of ancient Greek statues. Undoubtedly these Somalis of this region, we will say so, pure, proud, haughty, protective of their own individual and collective freedom; suspicious of our civilisation, our intentions and therefore most difficult to those not governing cross breeds or polluted by the blood of Galla and Suaheli in the southernmost part.
Somalia e Benadir (Robbecchi Bricchetti 1899)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The character of the Somalis is not so easy to describe. They are cowardly, scheming, liars, selfish, avenging, suspicious, traitors. The Auijja, who are more expansive, cheery, kinetic and energetic of a lively and penetrating spirit, do not consider theft as a crime if done on a large scale at gunpoint and by way of conquest, always ready for any discomfort, even if to be able to satisfy their revenge.
The Crown Colonist (1946)Archived 2023-06-03 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The Somalis are divided into rers and fakidas (clans or tribes); of the Hawiya, the most fanatical Muslims. No Italian dared to travel far from Mogadishu without a large armed escort.
Bollettino della Società geografica italiana (Civelli 1919)Archived 2023-04-12 at the Wayback Machine|quote=The Hawiya would be the first result of a crossing of Somalis with other populations, as is also confirmed by the current opinion that considers the Hawiya the most noble group, for the fact that they were the earliest followers of Muslim influence.
The Journal of the Historical SocietyArchived 2023-04-01 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The greatest Zaidite backwash had flown into Somalia when Imam Yahya ibn Husain was killed. By the end of the 15th century Zaidite Muslims sympathetic to their deceased monarch as religious and political dissidents were among the Hawiyya Somali clan; the Mashafa Milad an Ethiopic work composed during the reign of Zara Yacob records that Muslims under the command of Shaikh Abu Bakr ibn' Umar, Sultan of Makdishu, who were Zaidites, fought against the Ethiopian Negus."
Acta Geographica 1950Archived 2023-10-26 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The Hawia played a grand historical role, having constituted the majority of the Somali who pushed back the Oromo, caused by pressure of the expansion of the Oromo from the 15th century towards southern and central Ethiopia."
Futuh Al Habesha - The Conquest of Ethiopia (Shihabuddin Arab Fekih)Archived 2023-12-29 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The plural use of tribes demonstrates a large group of native nomadic kinsmen. For comparison, Somalis are counted as plural tribes (where Hawiye is a tribe, Marehan is a tribe etc.) while the Harla are also counted as multiple tribes for having an equally significant contribution. This also shows the ethnic Belewta individuals from other regions at the time of Sa'ad ad-Din after 1350AD would not constitute plural tribes hence the term emphasis relating to nomadic gallantry which Amharic historian Mekuria picks up on as does the synaraxium of Alexandria and other accounts. The founder of Awsa and relative of Gragn, Imam Mohamed Gasa, according to Awsa chronicles, would leave the Bale region (a traditional Hawiye homeland) to later form a dynasty beyond the Awash river evading the Oromo while having minimal to no contact with natives from Eritrea or Sudan even while the Ottomans recognised the Belewta Chiefs of Massawa to rule that Port on their behalf from 1554 onwards."
The Earth and Its Inhabitants ...: South and east Africa (1876)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The Hawiyas, who are dominant in Ogaden, that is, the great central territory of Somali Land, are certainly the most powerful of all the Somali people. M. Revoil describes them as less bellicose than the other branches of the race, but at the same time more fanatical and more dangerous to foreigners. They belong to a distinct Mohammedan sect, which, to judge from their practices, seems in some way akin or analogous to that of the Wahabites in Central Arabia."
Rulers, Guns, and Money - The Global Arms Trade in the Age of ImperialismArchived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The British Vice Consul at Harar, writing of the Hawiya tribe in the Ogaden, who were in revolt against the Ethiopians, reported that they had always been powerful, but had become much stronger after being furnished with a good supply of arms from Djibouti. He anticipated that all the Somali tribes would be so well armed in the near future that the Ethiopians would have great difficulty in preserving their rule in Harar."
L'ultimo impero cristiano politica e religione nell'Etiopia contemporanea (1916- 1974)Archived 2023-04-08 at the Wayback Machine|quote="The Hawiya chiefs who together with their sons, participated in the plans of Lij Jasu only aggravated the violence on both sides. The Hawiyas, in revenge, destroyed the crops around Harar in order to create a scorched earth policy and raided numerous cattle, which were partly owned by Aqa Gabru. The punitive expedition led by the Amhara faced an entire coalition made up of Geri Somali and Ogaden soldiers, but led by the Hawiya."
