Hecate (English Wikipedia)

Merriam-Webster 1995, p. 527. Merriam-Webster (1995). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature. Inc, Merriam-Webster. ISBN 9780877790426..
Seyffert, s.v. Hecate
At least in the case of Hesiod's use, see Clay, Jenny Strauss (2003). Hesiod's Cosmos. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 135. ISBN 0-521-82392-7. Clay lists a number of researchers who have advanced some variant of the association between Hecate's name and will (e.g. Walcot (1958), Neitzel (1975), Derossi (1975)). The researcher is led to identify "the name and function of Hecate as the one 'by whose will' prayers are accomplished and fulfilled." This interpretation also appears in Liddell-Scott, A Greek English Lexicon, in the entry for Hecate, which is glossed as "lit. 'she who works her will'"
Wheelwright, P. E. (1975). Metaphor and Reality. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 144. ISBN 0-253-20122-5.
Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony, eds. (1996). The Oxford Classical Dictionary (Third ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 490. ISBN 0-19-866172-X.
Frieze, Henry; Dennison, Walter (1902). Virgil's Aeneid. New York: American Book Company. pp. N111.
Gantz, p. 27
Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.478; Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.74; Seneca, Medea 812
Homer, Odyssey 10.135; Hesiod, Theogony 956; Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.591; Apollodorus, 1.9.1; Cicero, De Natura Deorum 48.4; Hyginus, Fabulae Preface
Karl Kerenyi, The Gods of the Greeks, 1951, pp 192-193
The Chaldean Oracles is a collection of literature that date from somewhere between the 2nd century and the late 3rd century, the recording of which is traditionally attributed to Julian the Chaldaean or his son, Julian the Theurgist. The material seems to have provided background and explanation related to the meaning of these pronouncements, and appear to have been related to the practice of theurgy, pagan magic that later became closely associated with Neoplatonism, seeHornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony, eds. (1996). The Oxford Classical Dictionary (Third ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 316. ISBN 0-19-866172-X.
Scholia on Theocritus 2.36; Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 1175 (Gk text)
Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.467 = Pherecydes, fr. 44 Fowler = FGrHist 3 fr. 44 = Vorsokr. 2 B 16 = Bacchylides, fr. 1 B Snell-Maehler = Orphic fr. 41 Kern.
Proclus, Commentary on Plato's Cratylus 406 b (p. 106, 25 Pasqu.) [= Orphic fr. 188 Kern [= OF 317 Bernabé]; West 1983, pp. 266, 267. The fragment is as follows: "Straightaway divine Hecate, the daughter of lovely-haired Leto, approached Olympus, leaving behind the limbs of the child."

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Green, p. 133
Golding, Arthur (1567). "Book Seven". Ovid's Metamorphoses. Read Books. ISBN 9781406792416. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Marlowe, Christopher (c. 1603) [first published 1604; performed earlier]. Doctor Faustus. act III, scene 2, line 21 – via Google Books. Pluto's blue fire and Hecat's tree
Shakespeare, William (c. 1595) [c. 1594–1596]. A Midsummer Night's Dream. act V, scene 1, line 384. By the triple Hecat's team
Shakespeare, William (c. 1605) [c. 1603–1607]. Macbeth. act III, scene 5, line 1. Why, how now, Hecat!
Jonson, Ben (1641) [c. 1637]. "act II, scene 3, line 668". The Sad Shepherd. our dame Hecat
Webster, Noah (1866). A Dictionary of the English Language (10th ed.). Rules for pronouncing the vowels of Greek and Latin proper names", p. 9: "Hecate ..., pronounced in three syllables when in Latin, and in the same number in the Greek word Ἑκάτη; in English is universally contracted into two, by sinking the final e. Shakespeare seems to have begun, as he has now confirmed, this pronunciation, by so adapting the word in Macbeth ... . And the play-going world, who form no small portion of what is called the better sort of people, have followed the actors in this world, and the rest of the world have followed them.
"Hec'ate". Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1894. 3 syl. in Greek, 2 in Eng.
Burkert, p. 171 ("Hecate seems to have roots among the Carians of Asia Minor"); Hard, p. 193 ("To judge by the spread of related place-names and other evidence, Hekate originated in Caria in the south-western corner of Asia Minor, where she would have been worshipped as a principal goddess"); Johnston 2006, s.v. Hecate (Hecate "probably stems from Caria and came to Greece around the archaic age"); Henrichs, s.v. Hecate (Hecate's "Greek etymology is no guarantee that her name or cult originated in Greece. Possibly of Carian origin ... she is more at home on the fringes than in the centre of Greek polytheism."). For an opposing view see Berg 1974.
Johnston 1999, p. 213
"Restless Dead: Encounters Between the Living and the Dead in Ancient Greece". University of Chicago Press (via Google Books). Retrieved 27 March 2026.
Queen of the Night: Rediscovering the Celtic Moon Goddess pp 62-63
Athanassakis and Wolkow, p. 90
Loeb Classical Library, 1994, Sophocles: Fragments, p. 271, Oxford University.
The Classical Review vol. 9, pp 391–392
Fowler, p. 16, vol. II
Russell, Thomas James (2017). Byzantium and the Bosporus. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 184. ISBN 9780198790525.
Sonnini, Charles Sigisbert (16 January 1801). "Travels in Greece and Turkey: Undertaken by Order of Louis XVI, and with the Authority of the Ottoman Court". T. N. Longman & O. Rees. Retrieved 16 January 2023 – via Google Books.
Foreign Influence on Ancient India, Krishna Chandra Sagar, Northern Book Centre, 1992
The J. Paul Getty Museum, p. 101
Boyle, p. 147
Gordon MacDonald Kirkwood, A Short Guide to Classical Mythology, p. 88
Scholia on Apollonius Rhodius' Argonautica 3.467
Scholia on Theocritus 2.12
Scholia on Theocritus 2.36; Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 1175 (Gk text)
Pherecydes, FHG 1 frag. 10
Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.467 = Pherecydes, fr. 44 Fowler = FGrHist 3 fr. 44 = Vorsokr. 2 B 16 = Bacchylides, fr. 1 B Snell-Maehler = Orphic fr. 41 Kern.
Acusilaus. fr. 42 Fowler (Fowler, p. 32).
Heslin, p. 39; Tzetzes on Lycophron, 1176, 1211 (Greek text);

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"Marble votive relief of Hecate by Crannon, 400BCE". The British Museum.

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bmcr.brynmawr.edu

"Bryn Mawr Classical Review 02.06.11". Bmcr.brynmawr.edu (website of the Bryn Mawr Classical Review). Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2012.

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Saint Ouen, Vita Eligii book II.16 Archived 20 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine.

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Edwards, Charles M. (July 1986). "The Running Maiden from Eleusis and the Early Classical Image of Hekate". American Journal of Archaeology. 90 (3). Boston, Massachusetts: Archaeological Institute of America: 307–318. doi:10.2307/505689. JSTOR 505689. S2CID 193054943.
Henrichs, s.v. Hecate.
Burkert, p. 171 ("Hecate seems to have roots among the Carians of Asia Minor"); Hard, p. 193 ("To judge by the spread of related place-names and other evidence, Hekate originated in Caria in the south-western corner of Asia Minor, where she would have been worshipped as a principal goddess"); Johnston 2006, s.v. Hecate (Hecate "probably stems from Caria and came to Greece around the archaic age"); Henrichs, s.v. Hecate (Hecate's "Greek etymology is no guarantee that her name or cult originated in Greece. Possibly of Carian origin ... she is more at home on the fringes than in the centre of Greek polytheism."). For an opposing view see Berg 1974.
Bachvarova, Mary (May 2010). "Hecate: An Anatolian sun-goddess of the underworld". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1608145.

eidola.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Images of goddesses". Eidola.eu. 28 February 2010. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2012.

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Seneca, Medea 750-753

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George R. S. Mead (1963). "140". Pistis Sophia. Jazzybee Verlag. ISBN 9783849687090. Retrieved 2 November 2021. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)

gutenberg.org (Global: 629^th place; English: 427^th place)

"The Tragedies of Euripides, Volume I. | Project Gutenberg". www.gutenberg.org. Retrieved 4 February 2026.

hellenion.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hellenion (USA) "Hellenion".. "Hekate's Deipnon – Temenos".

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Edwards, Charles M. (July 1986). "The Running Maiden from Eleusis and the Early Classical Image of Hekate". American Journal of Archaeology. 90 (3). Boston, Massachusetts: Archaeological Institute of America: 307–318. doi:10.2307/505689. JSTOR 505689. S2CID 193054943.
Hordern, J. H. “Love Magic and Purification in Sophron, PSI 1214a, and Theocritus’ ‘Pharmakeutria.’” The Classical Quarterly 52, no. 1 (2002): 165
Bergmann, Bettina, Joseph Farrell, Denis Feeney, James Ker, Damien Nelis, and Celia Schultz. “An Exciting Provocation: John F. Miller’s ‘Apollo, Augustus, and the Poets.’” Vergilius (1959-) 58 (2012): 10–11

kcl.ac.uk (Global: 2,770^th place; English: 1,514^th place)

kclpure.kcl.ac.uk

"Echoes of the Underworld: Manifestations of Death-Related Gods in Early Greek Cult and Literature". King's College London. Archived from the original on 22 June 2025. Retrieved 4 February 2026.

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Panopoulos, Christos Pandion. "Hellenic Household Worship". LABRYS.

loebclassics.com (Global: 3,294^th place; English: 1,641^st place)

Hesiod fr. 200 Most [= fr. 262 MW] (Most, pp. 310, 311).
In Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 18, 211, 873 (Sommerstein, pp. 444, 445 n. 2, 446, 447 n. 24, 538, 539 n. 113) Prometheus is made to be the son of Themis.

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shakespeare.mit.edu

Shakespeare, William (1605–1606). King Lear. Act 1, Scene 1.

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OED, s.v. Hecate.
"Hecat". Oxford English Dictionary. 1898. Retrieved 21 June 2024.

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data.perseus.org

Hesiod, Theogony 411–425.
Hesiod, Theogony 429–452.
According to Plato, Critias, 113d–114a, Atlas was the son of Poseidon and the mortal Cleito.

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Marlowe, Christopher (c. 1603) [first published 1604; performed earlier]. Doctor Faustus. act III, scene 2, line 21 – via Google Books. Pluto's blue fire and Hecat's tree
Shakespeare, William (c. 1595) [c. 1594–1596]. A Midsummer Night's Dream. act V, scene 1, line 384. By the triple Hecat's team
Shakespeare, William (c. 1605) [c. 1603–1607]. Macbeth. act III, scene 5, line 1. Why, how now, Hecat!
Jonson, Ben (1641) [c. 1637]. "act II, scene 3, line 668". The Sad Shepherd. our dame Hecat

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api.semanticscholar.org

Edwards, Charles M. (July 1986). "The Running Maiden from Eleusis and the Early Classical Image of Hekate". American Journal of Archaeology. 90 (3). Boston, Massachusetts: Archaeological Institute of America: 307–318. doi:10.2307/505689. JSTOR 505689. S2CID 193054943.

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Hellenion (USA) "Hellenion".. "Hekate's Deipnon – Temenos".

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"No Fear Shakespeare: Macbeth: Act 2, Scene 1, Page 2". Archived from the original on 15 January 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2015.

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"Lycophron, Alexandra". Classical texts library. Theoi.
"CULT OF HEKATE : Ancient Greek religion". Theoi.com. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
A collection of vase-paintings of Hecate fighting Clytius can be seen here.

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"page 21 (image of Hecate attended by a dog)". timerift.net. Archived from the original on 24 October 2011.

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Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.478; Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.74; Seneca, Medea 812
Homer, Odyssey 10.135; Hesiod, Theogony 956; Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.591; Apollodorus, 1.9.1; Cicero, De Natura Deorum 48.4; Hyginus, Fabulae Preface
Scholia on Theocritus 2.36; Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 1175 (Gk text)

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perseus.tufts.edu

Pausanias 2.22.7
Servius, Commentary on the Aeneid 6.118; Green, C. M. C. (2007). Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana at Aricia. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.478; Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.74; Seneca, Medea 812
Smith, s. v. Hecate
Homer, Odyssey 10.135; Hesiod, Theogony 956; Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.591; Apollodorus, 1.9.1; Cicero, De Natura Deorum 48.4; Hyginus, Fabulae Preface
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), Zerynthus
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2.30.2 (trans. Jones)
Strabo, Geography 14. 1. 23 (trans. Jones)
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2.12.1
Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898), Claviger
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Library 1.6.2
Hesiod, Theogony 132–138, 337–411, 453–520, 901–906, 915–920; Caldwell, pp. 8–11, tables 11–14.
Although usually the daughter of Hyperion and Theia, as in Hesiod, Theogony 371–374, in the Homeric Hymn to Hermes (4), 99–100, Selene is instead made the daughter of Pallas the son of Megamedes.
According to Hesiod, Theogony 507–511, Clymene, one of the Oceanids, the daughters of Oceanus and Tethys, at Hesiod, Theogony 351, was the mother by Iapetus of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus, while according to Apollodorus, 1.2.3, another Oceanid, Asia was their mother by Iapetus.

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"SOL Search". www.cs.uky.edu. Retrieved 16 January 2023.

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"CGRN Collection of Greek Ritual Norms". cgrn.ulg.ac.be. Retrieved 16 January 2023.

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"Bryn Mawr Classical Review 02.06.11". Bmcr.brynmawr.edu (website of the Bryn Mawr Classical Review). Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
"page 21 (image of Hecate attended by a dog)". timerift.net. Archived from the original on 24 October 2011.
"Images of goddesses". Eidola.eu. 28 February 2010. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
Saint Ouen, Vita Eligii book II.16 Archived 20 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
"Echoes of the Underworld: Manifestations of Death-Related Gods in Early Greek Cult and Literature". King's College London. Archived from the original on 22 June 2025. Retrieved 4 February 2026.
"No Fear Shakespeare: Macbeth: Act 2, Scene 1, Page 2". Archived from the original on 15 January 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2015.

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"Baktria, Kings, Agathokles, ancient coins index with thumbnails". WildWinds.com. Retrieved 24 September 2012.

Hecate (English Wikipedia)

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