Hell (English Wikipedia)

"Fundamental Beliefs Archived 10 March 2006 at the Wayback Machine" (1980) webpage from the official church website. See "25. Second Coming of Christ", "26. Death and Resurrection", "27. Millennium and the End of Sin", and "28. New Earth". The earlier 1872 and 1931 statements also support conditionalism

archive.org

John Batchelor: The Ainu and Their Folk-Lore, London 1901, p. 567-569.
Nemet-Nejat, Karen Rhea (1998), Daily Life in Ancient Mesopotamia, Greenwood, ISBN 978-0-313-29497-6

auburn.edu

"What is Christian Universalism?". Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2017. What is Christian Universalism by Ken Allen Th.D

avesta.org

Yasna 49:11, "Avesta: Yasna". Archived from the original on 9 October 2008. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
Chapter 75, "The Book of Arda Viraf". Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Gooden, Joe (4 April 2000). "Hell – it's about to get hotter". BBC. Archived from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.

bbc.com

"Vatican: Pope did not say there is no hell". BBC News. 30 March 2018. Archived from the original on 31 March 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

bereanbiblesociety.org

Bedore, Th.D., W. Edward (September 2007). "Hell, Sheol, Hades, Paradise, and the Grave". Berean Bible Society. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.

biblegateway.com

"Revelation 20:11–15". Bible Gateway. Archived from the original on 3 December 2007.
"Romans 6:23". Bible Gateway. Archived from the original on 2 June 2008.

biblicalperspectives.com

Samuele Bacchiocchi, "Hell: Eternal Torment or Annihilation? Archived 16 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine" chapter 6 in Immortality Or Resurrection?. Biblical Perspectives, 1997; ISBN 1-930987-12-9, ISBN 978-1-930987-12-8^{[page needed]}

blueletterbible.org

"Lexicon :: H7585 – shĕ'owl". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 5 November 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2017. 1Mos 37:35, 42:38, 44:29, 44:31
"Lexicon :: Strong's G86 – hadēs". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
"Lexicon :: Strong's G86 – hadēs". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 30 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017. Mat.11:23 16:18 Luk.10:15. Ap.2:27,31. 1Kor 15:55.Upp.1:18 6:8 20:13,14
גֵיא בֶן־הִנֹּם Hinnom Archived 6 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine: Jer.19:6
"Lexicon :: Strong's H8612 – Topheth". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017. καὶ ἐμίανεν τὸν Ταφεθ τὸν ἐν φάραγγι υἱοῦ Εννομ τοῦ διάγειν ἄνδρα τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἄνδρα τὴν θυγατέρα αὐτοῦ τῷ Μολοχ ἐν πυρί
"Lexicon :: Strong's G1067 – geenna". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 30 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017. Mat.5:22,29,30, 10:28, 18:09, 23:15,33. Mar. 9:43,45,47, Luk.12:05, Jak.3:6
"Blue Letter Bible: VUL Search Results for "gehennae"".
"Blue Letter Bible: VUL Search Results for "gehennam"".
"Blue Letter Bible: VUL Search Results for "tartarum"".

books.google.com

Elena Phipps; Joanna Hecht; Cristina Esteras Martín (2004). The Colonial Andes: Tapestries and Silverwork, 1530–1830. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 106. ISBN 0-300-10491-X.
Santiago Sebastián López (1990). El bárroco iberoamericano. Mensaje iconográfico. Madrid: Ediciones Encuentro. p. 241. ISBN 978-84-7490-249-5.
Crisafulli, Chuck; Thompson, Kyra (2010). Go to Hell: A Heated History of the Underworld. Simon & Schuster. p. 75. ISBN 978-1-4516-0473-3. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
Carl Etter (1949). Ainu Folklore: Traditions and Culture of the Vanishing Aborigines of Japan. Wilcox & Follett Company. p. 150.
Emerick, Yahiya (2011). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Islam (3rd ed.). Penguin. ISBN 978-1-101-55881-2.
Encyclopedia of World Religions. Encyclopædia Britannica Store. 2008. p. 421. ISBN 978-1-59339-491-2.
Lazarus, William P. (2011). Comparative Religion For Dummies. Wiley. p. 287. ISBN 978-1-118-05227-3.
Singh, Jagraj (2009). A Complete Guide to Sikhism. Unistar Books. p. 271. ISBN 978-8-1714-2754-3. Archived from the original on 24 April 2017.

cartoonbrew.com

Sample Hatlo Inferno comic: Archived 15 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine

christadelphians.com

"4.9 Hell". The Christadelphians. Retrieved 6 August 2015.

churchofjesuschrist.org

"Doctrine and Covenants 19".

doi.org

Barrett, Caitlín (2007). "Was Dust Their Food and Clay Their Bread? Grave Goods, the Mesopotamian Afterlife, and the Liminal Role of Inana/Ishtar". Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions. 7 (1): 7–65. doi:10.1163/156921207781375123. ISSN 1569-2116. S2CID 55116377.
Lange, Christian (2016). "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies". In Lange, Christian (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. Brill. pp. 1–28. doi:10.1163/9789004301368_002. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.7.
Thomassen, Einar (2009). "Islamic Hell". Numen. 56 (2/3): 401–416. doi:10.1163/156852709X405062. JSTOR 27793798.
Colby, Frederick (2016). "Fire in the Upper Heavens: Locating Hell in Middle Period Narratives of Muḥammad's Ascension". In Lange, Christian (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. Brill. pp. 124–143. doi:10.1163/9789004301368_007. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.12.
Tottoli, Roberto; توتولي, روبرتو (2008). "The Qur'an, Qur'anic Exegesis and Muslim Traditions: The Case of zamharīr (Q. 76:13) Among Hell's Punishments / القرآن والتفاسير والروايات الاسلامية: سورة الانسان آية رقم 13: الزمهرير من ألوان العقوبة في جهنم". Journal of Qur'anic Studies. 10 (1): 142–152. doi:10.3366/E1465359109000291. JSTOR 25728276.

egyptartsite.com

"Egyptian Book of the Dead". Egyptartsite.com. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.

eslam.de

"Feuer".

hell-on-line.org

"Eileen Gardiner, editor; Hell-On-Line:Egyptian Hell Texts; Book of Two Ways, Book of Amduat, Book of Gates, Book of the Dead, Book of the Earth, Book of Caverns". Archived from the original on 5 November 2015.
Eileen Gardiner (10 February 2006). "About Zoroastrian Hell". Archived from the original on 15 October 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
Eileen Gardiner (18 January 2009). "Zoroastrian Hell Texts". Archived from the original on 17 September 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2010.

independent.co.uk

See also letter by Prof. Griffith to The Independent, 32^{[clarification needed]} December 1993 "Letter: Hell in the ancient world". Independent.co.uk. 18 September 2011. Archived from the original on 1 September 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2017.

islamreligion.com

"A Description of Hellfire (part 1 of 5): An Introduction". Religion of Islam. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
"A Description of Hellfire (part 1 of 5): An Introduction". Religion of Islam. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014. No one will come out of Hell except sinful believers who believed in the Oneness of God in this life and believed in the specific prophet sent to them (before the coming of Muhammad).

jewishencyclopedia.com

Hirsch, Emil G. "SHEOL". JewishEncyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.

jstor.org

Lange, Christian (2016). "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies". In Lange, Christian (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. Brill. pp. 1–28. doi:10.1163/9789004301368_002. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.7.
Thomassen, Einar (2009). "Islamic Hell". Numen. 56 (2/3): 401–416. doi:10.1163/156852709X405062. JSTOR 27793798.
Colby, Frederick (2016). "Fire in the Upper Heavens: Locating Hell in Middle Period Narratives of Muḥammad's Ascension". In Lange, Christian (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. Brill. pp. 124–143. doi:10.1163/9789004301368_007. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.12.
Tottoli, Roberto; توتولي, روبرتو (2008). "The Qur'an, Qur'anic Exegesis and Muslim Traditions: The Case of zamharīr (Q. 76:13) Among Hell's Punishments / القرآن والتفاسير والروايات الاسلامية: سورة الانسان آية رقم 13: الزمهرير من ألوان العقوبة في جهنم". Journal of Qur'anic Studies. 10 (1): 142–152. doi:10.3366/E1465359109000291. JSTOR 25728276.

quran.com

"Surat Al-Alaq Verse 18". quran.com. 96:18 {سَنَدْعُ ٱلزَّبَانِيَةَ} {١٨ } We will call the angels of Hell. CITATION NOTE: (ٱلزَّبَانِيَةَ, transliterated to Az-Zabaniya, refers to the keeper angels of Jahannam/Hell.)
see Quran 5:72: 5:72 Archived 20 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine

quranacademy.org

en.quranacademy.org

Qur'an 7:179 Qur'an 7:179 Archived 17 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine

religionfacts.com

"Islamic Beliefs about the Afterlife". Religion Facts. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Barrett, Caitlín (2007). "Was Dust Their Food and Clay Their Bread? Grave Goods, the Mesopotamian Afterlife, and the Liminal Role of Inana/Ishtar". Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions. 7 (1): 7–65. doi:10.1163/156921207781375123. ISSN 1569-2116. S2CID 55116377.

srigranth.org

"Sri Granth: Sri Guru Granth Sahib". Archived from the original on 3 September 2017.

sunnah.com

"Sahih Muslim 2843a". sunnah.com. The fire which sons of Adam burn is only one-seventieth part of the Fire of Hell. His Companions said: By Allah, even ordinary fire would have been enough (to burn people). Thereupon he said: It is sixty-nine parts in excess of (the heat of) fire in this world each of them being equivalent to their heat.

swedenborgdigitallibrary.org

Swedenborg, E. Heaven and its Wonders and Hell From Things Heard and Seen(Swedenborg Foundation, 1946 #545ff.)
Swedenborg, E. The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel 7; 13, 14; and in Revelation 21; 1, 2 (Swedenborg Foundation, 1946, #489ff.).

thecounciloftrent.com

Council of Trent, Session 14, Canon 5

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

Ἅιδης in Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Jones, Sir Henry Stuart, with the assistance of McKenzie, Roderick. Oxford: Clarendon Press. In the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.
infernus. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project.
γέεννα in Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Jones, Sir Henry Stuart, with the assistance of McKenzie, Roderick. Oxford: Clarendon Press. In the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.
Ταρταρόω in Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Jones, Sir Henry Stuart, with the assistance of McKenzie, Roderick. Oxford: Clarendon Press. In the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.

ubfellowship.org

Meredith Sprunger. "An Introduction to Zoroastrianism". Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 10 October 2008.

vatican.va

GENERAL AUDIENCE 28 July 1999, archived from the original on 13 November 2016

web.archive.org

"Egyptian Book of the Dead". Egyptartsite.com. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
See also letter by Prof. Griffith to The Independent, 32^{[clarification needed]} December 1993 "Letter: Hell in the ancient world". Independent.co.uk. 18 September 2011. Archived from the original on 1 September 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
"Eileen Gardiner, editor; Hell-On-Line:Egyptian Hell Texts; Book of Two Ways, Book of Amduat, Book of Gates, Book of the Dead, Book of the Earth, Book of Caverns". Archived from the original on 5 November 2015.
Choksi, M. (2014). "Ancient Mesopotamian Beliefs in the Afterlife". World History Encyclopedia. worldhistory.org. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017.
"Lexicon :: H7585 – shĕ'owl". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 5 November 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2017. 1Mos 37:35, 42:38, 44:29, 44:31
"Lexicon :: Strong's G86 – hadēs". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
"Lexicon :: Strong's G86 – hadēs". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 30 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017. Mat.11:23 16:18 Luk.10:15. Ap.2:27,31. 1Kor 15:55.Upp.1:18 6:8 20:13,14
גֵיא בֶן־הִנֹּם Hinnom Archived 6 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine: Jer.19:6
"Lexicon :: Strong's H8612 – Topheth". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017. καὶ ἐμίανεν τὸν Ταφεθ τὸν ἐν φάραγγι υἱοῦ Εννομ τοῦ διάγειν ἄνδρα τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἄνδρα τὴν θυγατέρα αὐτοῦ τῷ Μολοχ ἐν πυρί
"Lexicon :: Strong's G1067 – geenna". Blue Letter Bible. BLB Institute. Archived from the original on 30 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017. Mat.5:22,29,30, 10:28, 18:09, 23:15,33. Mar. 9:43,45,47, Luk.12:05, Jak.3:6
"Revelation 20:11–15". Bible Gateway. Archived from the original on 3 December 2007.
"Romans 6:23". Bible Gateway. Archived from the original on 2 June 2008.
Gooden, Joe (4 April 2000). "Hell – it's about to get hotter". BBC. Archived from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Hirsch, Emil G. "SHEOL". JewishEncyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
Bedore, Th.D., W. Edward (September 2007). "Hell, Sheol, Hades, Paradise, and the Grave". Berean Bible Society. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
"Vatican: Pope did not say there is no hell". BBC News. 30 March 2018. Archived from the original on 31 March 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
GENERAL AUDIENCE 28 July 1999, archived from the original on 13 November 2016
"Fundamental Beliefs Archived 10 March 2006 at the Wayback Machine" (1980) webpage from the official church website. See "25. Second Coming of Christ", "26. Death and Resurrection", "27. Millennium and the End of Sin", and "28. New Earth". The earlier 1872 and 1931 statements also support conditionalism
Samuele Bacchiocchi, "Hell: Eternal Torment or Annihilation? Archived 16 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine" chapter 6 in Immortality Or Resurrection?. Biblical Perspectives, 1997; ISBN 1-930987-12-9, ISBN 978-1-930987-12-8^{[page needed]}
"What is Christian Universalism?". Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2017. What is Christian Universalism by Ken Allen Th.D
Qur'an 7:179 Qur'an 7:179 Archived 17 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine
"A Description of Hellfire (part 1 of 5): An Introduction". Religion of Islam. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
"Islamic Beliefs about the Afterlife". Religion Facts. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
"A Description of Hellfire (part 1 of 5): An Introduction". Religion of Islam. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014. No one will come out of Hell except sinful believers who believed in the Oneness of God in this life and believed in the specific prophet sent to them (before the coming of Muhammad).
see Quran 5:72: 5:72 Archived 20 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine
Singh, Jagraj (2009). A Complete Guide to Sikhism. Unistar Books. p. 271. ISBN 978-8-1714-2754-3. Archived from the original on 24 April 2017.
"Sri Granth: Sri Guru Granth Sahib". Archived from the original on 3 September 2017.
Meredith Sprunger. "An Introduction to Zoroastrianism". Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
Yasna 49:11, "Avesta: Yasna". Archived from the original on 9 October 2008. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
Eileen Gardiner (10 February 2006). "About Zoroastrian Hell". Archived from the original on 15 October 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
Chapter 75, "The Book of Arda Viraf". Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
Eileen Gardiner (18 January 2009). "Zoroastrian Hell Texts". Archived from the original on 17 September 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
Sample Hatlo Inferno comic: Archived 15 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org

Gardiner, Eileen (1989). Visions of heaven and hell before Dante. Italica Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-934977-14-2. OCLC 18741120.
Barrett, Caitlín (2007). "Was Dust Their Food and Clay Their Bread? Grave Goods, the Mesopotamian Afterlife, and the Liminal Role of Inana/Ishtar". Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions. 7 (1): 7–65. doi:10.1163/156921207781375123. ISSN 1569-2116. S2CID 55116377.
Willard Gurdon Oxtoby, ed. (2002). World Religions: Eastern Traditions (2nd ed.). Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press. pp. 401–402. ISBN 0-19-541521-3. OCLC 46661540.

worldhistory.org

Choksi, M. (2014). "Ancient Mesopotamian Beliefs in the Afterlife". World History Encyclopedia. worldhistory.org. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017.

yale.edu

mavcor.yale.edu

Ananda Cohen Suarez (May 2016). "Painting Beyond the Frame: Religious Murals of Colonial Peru". MAVCOR of the Yale University.

youtube.com

offTheLeftEye: The Good Thing About Hell - Swedenborg and Life, YouTube, 14 March 2016.
மரணம் நீக்க ஜீவ மருந்து: 9. Gods plan, YouTube, 3 August 2018.