High-voltage direct current (English Wikipedia)

Donald G. Fink and H. Wayne Beaty (August 25, 2006). Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 14–37 equation 14–56. ISBN 978-0-07-144146-9.

awea.org

Green Power Superhighways: Building a Path to America's Clean Energy Future Archived 2017-04-20 at the Wayback Machine, February 2009

bloomberg.com

"The Future of Power Is Transcontinental, Submarine Supergrids". Bloomberg.com. 2021-06-09. Retrieved 2021-09-06.

books.google.com

Jos Arrillaga; Yonghe H. Liu; Neville R. Watson; Nicholas J. Murray (9 October 2009). Self-Commutating Converters for High Power Applications. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-74682-0. Retrieved 9 April 2011.
Dorf, Richard C. (1997). The electrical engineering handbook (illustrated). The electrical engineering handbook series (2 ed.). p. 1343. ISBN 978-0-8493-8574-2.

claverton-energy.com

Source works for a prominent UK engineering consultancy but has asked to remain anonymous and is a member of Claverton Energy Research Group
Gregor Czisch (2008-10-24). "Low Cost but Totally Renewable Electricity Supply for a Huge Supply Area – a European/Trans-European Example –" (PDF). 2008 Claverton Energy Conference. University of Kassel. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-07-16. The paper was presented at the Claverton Energy conference in Bath, 24 October 2008. Paper Synopsis
Myth of technical un-feasibility of complex multi-terminal HVDC and ideological barriers to inter-country power exchanges – Czisch | Claverton Group. Claverton-energy.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-09.
European Super Grid and renewable energy power imports – "ludicrous to suggest this would make Europe more vulnerable" – ? | Claverton Group. Claverton-energy.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-09.
"David Strahan "Green Grids" New Scientist 12 March 2009".

cleanlineenergy.com

"HVDC Transmission Projects | Clean Line Energy Partners".

csptoday.com

social.csptoday.com

Spain to invest heavily in transmission grid upgrades over next five years|CSP Today Archived 2011-10-05 at the Wayback Machine. Social.csptoday.com (2010-04-01). Retrieved on 2011-04-09.

dnvgl.com

Three terminal VSC HVDC in China Archived February 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine

doi.org

Hingorani, N.G. (1996). "High-voltage DC transmission: a power electronics workhorse". IEEE Spectrum. 33 (4): 63–72. doi:10.1109/6.486634.
Guarnieri, M. (2013). "The Alternating Evolution of DC Power Transmission". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 7 (3): 60–63. doi:10.1109/MIE.2013.2272238. S2CID 23610440.
European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Energy Transport (2017-04-28). HVDC submarine power cables in the world : state-of-the-art knowledge (PDF). Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2790/023689. ISBN 9789279527852. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
Davidson, C.C.; Preedy, R.M.; Cao, J.; Zhou, C.; Fu, J. (October 2010). Ultra-High-Power Thyristor Valves for HVDC in Developing Countries. 9th International Conference on AC/DC Power Transmission. London: IET. doi:10.1049/cp.2010.0974.
Itiki, Rodney; Manjrekar, Madhav; Di Santo, Silvio Giuseppe; Machado, Luis Fernando M. (November 2020). "Technical feasibility of Japan-Taiwan-Philippines HVdc interconnector to the Asia Pacific Super Grid". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 133: 110161. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110161. S2CID 224858553.

eepower.com

"An In-depth Comparison of HVDC and HVAC". Retrieved 2024-03-10.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Itiki, Rodney; Manjrekar, Madhav; Di Santo, Silvio Giuseppe; Machado, Luis Fernando M. (November 2020). "Technical feasibility of Japan-Taiwan-Philippines HVdc interconnector to the Asia Pacific Super Grid". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 133: 110161. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110161. S2CID 224858553.

energy.gov

"Connecting the Country with HVDC".

europa.eu

publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu

European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Energy Transport (2017-04-28). HVDC submarine power cables in the world : state-of-the-art knowledge (PDF). Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2790/023689. ISBN 9789279527852. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.

freepatentsonline.com

"Current modulation of direct current transmission lines - BARTHOLD LIONEL O." FPO IP Research & Communities. March 30, 2004. Retrieved July 19, 2018.

ieee-pes.org

magazine.ieee-pes.org

[1] Archived 2015-09-04 at the Wayback Machine website

ieee.ca

"Developments in multterminal HVDC, retrieved 2014 March 17" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-08-03. Retrieved 2014-03-28.

ieee.org

IEEE – IEEE History Center Archived March 6, 2006, at the Wayback Machine

liu.se

tema.liu.se

""Shaping the Tools of Competitive Power"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2005.

myinsulators.com

"ACW's Insulator Info – Book Reference Info – History of Electrical Systems and Cables".

ncsu.edu

lib.ncsu.edu

Ghazal, Falahi (5 December 2014). "Design, Modeling and Control of Modular Multilevel Converter based HVDC Systems. - NCSU Digital Repository". www.lib.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2016-04-17.

rmst.co.il

""HVDC TransmissionF"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 April 2008.

rpdc.tas.gov.au

Basslink project Archived September 13, 2003, at the Wayback Machine

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Guarnieri, M. (2013). "The Alternating Evolution of DC Power Transmission". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 7 (3): 60–63. doi:10.1109/MIE.2013.2272238. S2CID 23610440.
Itiki, Rodney; Manjrekar, Madhav; Di Santo, Silvio Giuseppe; Machado, Luis Fernando M. (November 2020). "Technical feasibility of Japan-Taiwan-Philippines HVdc interconnector to the Asia Pacific Super Grid". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 133: 110161. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110161. S2CID 224858553.

sgcc.com.cn

"Changji-Guquan ±1,100 kV UHV DC Transmission Project Starts Power Transmission". SGCC. Archived from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2020.

siemens.com

Siemens AG – HVDC website ^{[dead link]}
"HVDC Factsheet from Siemens" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-07-30.

press.siemens.com

"Siemens overhauls 15 converter transformers at Cahora Bassa HVDC link in Mozambique". Press. 2019-06-27. Retrieved 2023-12-14.

spiegel.de

Schulz, Matthias, "Germany's Offshore Fiasco North Sea Wind Offensive Plagued by Problems", Der Spiegel, September 04, 2012. "The HVDC converter stations are causing the biggest problems." Retrieved 2012-11-13.

tdworld.com

"StackPath".

uni-kassel.de

iset.uni-kassel.de

Gregor Czisch (2008-10-24). "Low Cost but Totally Renewable Electricity Supply for a Huge Supply Area – a European/Trans-European Example –" (PDF). 2008 Claverton Energy Conference. University of Kassel. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-07-16. The paper was presented at the Claverton Energy conference in Bath, 24 October 2008. Paper Synopsis

web.archive.org

"Changji-Guquan ±1,100 kV UHV DC Transmission Project Starts Power Transmission". SGCC. Archived from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
ABB HVDC Archived 2011-12-06 at the Wayback Machine website.
""Shaping the Tools of Competitive Power"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2005.
""HVDC TransmissionF"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 April 2008.
IEEE – IEEE History Center Archived March 6, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Energy Transport (2017-04-28). HVDC submarine power cables in the world : state-of-the-art knowledge (PDF). Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2790/023689. ISBN 9789279527852. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
"SAPEI | References | ABB". Archived from the original on 2017-04-15. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
[1] Archived 2015-09-04 at the Wayback Machine website
"HVDC Classic reliability and availability". ABB. Archived from the original on March 30, 2010. Retrieved 2019-06-14.
"The HVDC Transmission Québec–New England". ABB Asea Brown Boveri. Archived from the original on March 5, 2011. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
Callavik, Magnus; Blomberg, Anders; Häfner, Jürgen; Jacobson, Björn (November 2012), The Hybrid HVDC Breaker: An innovation breakthrough for reliable HVDC grids (PDF), ABB Grid Systems, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 February 2013, retrieved 18 November 2012
Spain to invest heavily in transmission grid upgrades over next five years|CSP Today Archived 2011-10-05 at the Wayback Machine. Social.csptoday.com (2010-04-01). Retrieved on 2011-04-09.
Basslink project Archived September 13, 2003, at the Wayback Machine
Three terminal VSC HVDC in China Archived February 8, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
"Developments in multterminal HVDC, retrieved 2014 March 17" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-08-03. Retrieved 2014-03-28.
Gregor Czisch (2008-10-24). "Low Cost but Totally Renewable Electricity Supply for a Huge Supply Area – a European/Trans-European Example –" (PDF). 2008 Claverton Energy Conference. University of Kassel. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-07-16. The paper was presented at the Claverton Energy conference in Bath, 24 October 2008. Paper Synopsis
Green Power Superhighways: Building a Path to America's Clean Energy Future Archived 2017-04-20 at the Wayback Machine, February 2009
"HVDC Factsheet from Siemens" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-07-30.