Hindenburg disaster (English Wikipedia)

"Hindenburg Statistics." Archived December 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine airships.net, 2009. Retrieved: July 22, 2017.
"The Hindenburg Disaster". Airships.net. Archived from the original on August 31, 2023. Retrieved October 24, 2022.
Grossman, Dan. "The Hindenburg Disaster". Airships.net. Archived from the original on August 24, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
"Hindenburg Accident Report: German Investigation Commission" Archived May 23, 2022, at the Wayback Machine airships.net. Retrieved: April 9, 2022.
"Hindenburg Accident Report: U.S. Commerce Department". airships.net. Archived from the original on December 3, 2010. Retrieved September 20, 2010. Taken from the Air Commerce Bulletin of August 15, 1937 (vol. 9, no. 2) published by the United States Department of Commerce.
"Discussion of dope applied to Hindenburg covering." Archived April 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine airships.net. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"Flammability of Hindenburg Covering." Archived April 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine airships.net. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.

archive.org

According to an annotated ship diagram submitted to the U.S. Commerce Department's Board of Inquiry into the disaster, 12 men were in the forward section of the ship at the time of the fire: Ludwig Felber (apprentice "elevator man"); Alfred Bernhardt (helmsman); Erich Spehl (rigger); Ernst Huchel (senior elevator man); Rudi Bialas (engine mechanic); Alfred Stöckle (engine mechanic); Fritz Flackus (cook's assistant); Richard Müller (cook's assistant); Ludwig Knorr (chief rigger); Josef Leibrecht (electrician); Kurt Bauer (elevator man); and Alfred Grözinger (cook). Of these, only Leibrecht, Bauer, and Grözinger survived the fire. Examination of the unedited Board of Inquiry testimony transcripts (stored at the National Archives), combined with a landing stations chart in Dick & Robinson (1985, p. 212) indicates that the six off-watch men who were sent forward to trim the ship were Bialas, Stöckle, Flaccus, Müller, Leibrecht and Grözinger. The other men were at their previously assigned landing stations. More recent research^{[by whom?]} found that it was not Bialas, but his colleague Walter Banholzer, who was sent forward along with the other five men. Dick, Harold G.; Robinson, Douglas Hill (1985). The golden age of the great passenger airships, Graf Zeppelin & Hindenburg. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-87474-364-7.
Craats 2009, p. 36. Craats, Rennay (2009). Trends: USA past, present, future. New York: Weigl Publishers. ISBN 978-1-59036-976-0. OCLC 226361590.
Mooney 1972, p. 262. Mooney, Michael Macdonald (1972). The Hindenburg. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 978-0-396-06502-9.
Archbold 1994; Toland 1972, p. 337. Archbold, Rick (1994). Hindenburg: an illustrated history. New York, N.Y: Warner Books. ISBN 978-0-446-51784-3. Toland, John (1972). The great dirigibles; their triumphs and disasters. Boston: Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-21397-2.
Botting 2001, pp. 249–251. Botting, Douglas (2001). Dr. Eckener's dream machine: the great zeppelin and the dawn of air travel. New York: Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 978-0-8050-6458-2.
Dick & Robinson 1985, p. 148. Dick, Harold G.; Robinson, Douglas Hill (1985). The golden age of the great passenger airships, Graf Zeppelin & Hindenburg. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-87474-364-7.

archive.today

"NAVAIR Lakehurst Fact Sheet". 198.154.24.34/nlweb/. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved September 20, 2010.

archives.gov

"Herb Morrison – Hindenburg Disaster, 1937". National Archive. Archived from the original on October 3, 2019. Retrieved March 30, 2019.

arxiv.org

King, Ivan R.; Bedin, Luigi R.; Piotto, Giampaolo; Cassisi, Santi; Anderson, Jay (August 2005). "Color-Magnitude Diagrams and Luminosity Functions Down to the Hydrogen-Burning Limit. III. A Preliminary Hubble Space Telescope Study of NGC 6791". Astronomical Journal. 130 (2): 626–634. arXiv:astro-ph/0504627. Bibcode:2005AJ....130..626K. doi:10.1086/431327. S2CID 5267757.

balloonlife.com

"Hindenburg." Archived May 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine balloonlife.com. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.

books.google.com

Blackwell 2007, p. 311. Blackwell, Jon (2007). Notorious New Jersey: 100 true tales of murders and mobsters, scandals and scoundrels. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-4399-4.
Hoffmann & Harkin 2002, p. 235. Hoffmann, Peter; Harkin, Tom (2002). Tomorrow's energy: hydrogen, fuel cells, and the prospects for a cleaner planet. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-58221-6.
Hansen, K.A.; Paul, N. (2017). Future-Proofing the News: Preserving the First Draft of History. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4422-6714-5. Archived from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.

caltech.edu

"History's Mysteries: Caltech Professor Helps Solve Hindenburg Disaster" Archived June 2, 2021, at the Wayback Machine caltech.edu. Retrieved: May 29, 2021.

chicagoradioandmedia.com

WLS Broadcast Of the Hindenburg Disaster 1937. Chicagoland Radio and Media Archived February 19, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 7, 2015.

colorado.edu

spot.colorado.edu

Dessler, A.J. "The Hindenburg Hydrogen Fire: Fatal Flaws in the Addison Bain Incendiary-Paint Theory" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
"Hindenburg fire theories." Archived February 21, 2007, at the Wayback Machine spot.colorado.edu. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.

stripe.colorado.edu

Dessler, A. J. (June 2004). "The Hindenburg Hydrogen Fire: Fatal Flaws in the Addison Bain Incendiary-Paint Theory" (PDF). University of Colorado Boulder. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 19, 2019.

courierpostonline.com

Fuhrmann, Doug (April 1, 2015). "Local History: Vinelanders recall tragic Hindenburg explosion". Courier Post. Retrieved February 28, 2022.

doi.org

King, Ivan R.; Bedin, Luigi R.; Piotto, Giampaolo; Cassisi, Santi; Anderson, Jay (August 2005). "Color-Magnitude Diagrams and Luminosity Functions Down to the Hydrogen-Burning Limit. III. A Preliminary Hubble Space Telescope Study of NGC 6791". Astronomical Journal. 130 (2): 626–634. arXiv:astro-ph/0504627. Bibcode:2005AJ....130..626K. doi:10.1086/431327. S2CID 5267757.
Bain, A.; Van Vorst, W.D. (1999). "The Hindenburg tragedy revisited: The fatal flaw found". International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 24 (5): 399–403. Bibcode:1999IJHE...24..399B. doi:10.1016/S0360-3199(98)00176-1.

facesofthehindenburg.blogspot.ca

Russell, Patrick (October 5, 2009). "Captain Ernst A. Lehmann". Faces of the Hindenburg. Archived from the original on November 12, 2015. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Russell, Patrick (April 29, 2009). "Erich Spehl". Faces of the Hindenburg. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
Russell, Patrick. "Colonel Fritz Erdmann". Faces of the Hindenburg. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved October 20, 2015.

facesofthehindenburg.blogspot.com

"Captain Max Pruss". Faces of the Hindenburg. December 6, 2008. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved July 28, 2015.

facesofthehindenburg.blogspot.it

Russell, Patrick B. (October 25, 2009). "Passengers aboard LZ 129 Hindenburg – May 3–6, 1937". Faces of The Hindenburg. Archived from the original on May 11, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2012.

fathom.com

"Max Pruss." Columbia University's Oral History Research Office interview. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.Archived June 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

folksinging.org

Miller, Adam (August 14, 2021). "Joseph Späh". folksinging.org. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

King, Ivan R.; Bedin, Luigi R.; Piotto, Giampaolo; Cassisi, Santi; Anderson, Jay (August 2005). "Color-Magnitude Diagrams and Luminosity Functions Down to the Hydrogen-Burning Limit. III. A Preliminary Hubble Space Telescope Study of NGC 6791". Astronomical Journal. 130 (2): 626–634. arXiv:astro-ph/0504627. Bibcode:2005AJ....130..626K. doi:10.1086/431327. S2CID 5267757.
Bain, A.; Van Vorst, W.D. (1999). "The Hindenburg tragedy revisited: The fatal flaw found". International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 24 (5): 399–403. Bibcode:1999IJHE...24..399B. doi:10.1016/S0360-3199(98)00176-1.

hydropole.ch

Werthmüller, Andreas (February 22, 2006). "The Hindenburg Disaster". Rüfenacht, Switzerland: Swiss Hydrogen Association. Archived from the original on February 10, 2008.

independent.co.uk

Owen, Jonathan (March 3, 2013). "Hindenburg mystery solved after 76 years". The Independent. Archived from the original on March 18, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022.

keepgoing.org

"Thirty-two Seconds." Archived October 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine keepgoing.org. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.

msn.com

McCormack, Kathy (November 15, 2019). "Last survivor of the Hindenburg disaster dies at age 90". AP. Archived from the original on November 16, 2019. Retrieved November 16, 2019 – via MSN.con.

nasa.gov

www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov

"Description of rocket fuel." Archived July 28, 2009, at the Wayback Machine nasa.gov. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.

navy.mil

lakehurst.navy.mil

"Lakehurst". lakehust.navy.mil. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved September 20, 2010.

news.google.com

"Zeppelin plot a possibility, Eckener says". The Pittsburgh Press. May 7, 1937. p. 20. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2016 – via Google News.
The Sunday Morning Star (May 23, 1937). "Eckener gropes to solve blast". p. 6. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2016.

nj.com

Hatala, Greg (March 30, 2019). "Glimpse of History: Hindenburg turns heads in New Brunswick". nj.com. Archived from the original on March 29, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
Frassanelli, Mike (May 6, 2012). "The Hindenburg 75 years later: Memories time cannot erase". The Newark Star-Ledger. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2012.

nlhs.com

"Tours". hlhs.com. Navy Lakehurst Historical Society. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.

nytimes.com

Weber, Bruce (August 29, 2014). "Werner Franz, survivor of the Hindenburg's crew, dies at 92". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
Vaeth, J. Gordon (March 19, 1972). "With the rosy glow of hell". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.

select.nytimes.com

"Airplane shuttle service to operate, Newark to Lakehurst, for Hindenburg". The New York Times. April 12, 1936. p. XX5. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved February 8, 2017.

pbs.org

"Secrets of the Dead: PBS television documentary on the Hindenburg disaster." Archived November 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine pbs.org. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"Hindenburg: The New Evidence." Archived May 27, 2021, at the Wayback Machine pbs.org. Retrieved: May 29, 2021.
"What Happened to the Hindenburg?" Archived June 17, 2014, at the Wayback Machine PBS, June 15, 2001.

philly.com

"The real cause of the Hindenburg disaster?" Philadelphia Inquirer, May 6, 2007. Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

projektlz129.blogspot.ca

Russell, Patrick (May 6, 2015). "Hindenburg Crash – Foo Chu's Amateur Photo Sequence". Projekt LZ 129. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2017.
Russell, Patrick (May 6, 2014). "Allen Orlando Hagaman (1885–1937)". Projekt LZ129. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Russell, Patrick (January 11, 2013). "Das ich nicht…". Projekt LZ129. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2015.

roadsideamerica.com

"Crash Site of the Hindenburg". roadsideamerica.com. Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved September 20, 2010.

sas.org

"Citizen Scientist on the flammable coating (IPT)." sas.org. Retrieved: September 20, 2010. Archived June 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

King, Ivan R.; Bedin, Luigi R.; Piotto, Giampaolo; Cassisi, Santi; Anderson, Jay (August 2005). "Color-Magnitude Diagrams and Luminosity Functions Down to the Hydrogen-Burning Limit. III. A Preliminary Hubble Space Telescope Study of NGC 6791". Astronomical Journal. 130 (2): 626–634. arXiv:astro-ph/0504627. Bibcode:2005AJ....130..626K. doi:10.1086/431327. S2CID 5267757.

smithsonianchannel.com

"Hindenburg: The Untold Story". Air Disasters. May 6, 2007. Smithsonian Channel. Archived from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.

smithsonianmag.com

Stromberg, Joseph (May 10, 2012). "What Really Sparked the Hindenburg Disaster?". smithsonianmag.com. Paragraph 6. Archived from the original on November 27, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
Nobleman, Marc Tyler (2006). The Hindenburg. Minneapolis, MN: Compass Point Books. p. 38.

theclio.com

"Dedicated". theclio.com. Clio: Your Guide to History. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.

uconn.edu

law.uconn.edu

"Hoehling."law.uconn.edu. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.Archived September 24, 2006, at the Wayback Machine

web.archive.org

"Hindenburg Statistics." Archived December 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine airships.net, 2009. Retrieved: July 22, 2017.
WLS Broadcast Of the Hindenburg Disaster 1937. Chicagoland Radio and Media Archived February 19, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
Hatala, Greg (March 30, 2019). "Glimpse of History: Hindenburg turns heads in New Brunswick". nj.com. Archived from the original on March 29, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
"Airplane shuttle service to operate, Newark to Lakehurst, for Hindenburg". The New York Times. April 12, 1936. p. XX5. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
"The Hindenburg Disaster". Airships.net. Archived from the original on August 31, 2023. Retrieved October 24, 2022.
Hansen, K.A.; Paul, N. (2017). Future-Proofing the News: Preserving the First Draft of History. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4422-6714-5. Archived from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.
"Herb Morrison – Hindenburg Disaster, 1937". National Archive. Archived from the original on October 3, 2019. Retrieved March 30, 2019.
Russell, Patrick (May 6, 2015). "Hindenburg Crash – Foo Chu's Amateur Photo Sequence". Projekt LZ 129. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2017.
Russell, Patrick (May 6, 2014). "Allen Orlando Hagaman (1885–1937)". Projekt LZ129. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Russell, Patrick B. (October 25, 2009). "Passengers aboard LZ 129 Hindenburg – May 3–6, 1937". Faces of The Hindenburg. Archived from the original on May 11, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
Grossman, Dan. "The Hindenburg Disaster". Airships.net. Archived from the original on August 24, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Weber, Bruce (August 29, 2014). "Werner Franz, survivor of the Hindenburg's crew, dies at 92". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
McCormack, Kathy (November 15, 2019). "Last survivor of the Hindenburg disaster dies at age 90". AP. Archived from the original on November 16, 2019. Retrieved November 16, 2019 – via MSN.con.
Frassanelli, Mike (May 6, 2012). "The Hindenburg 75 years later: Memories time cannot erase". The Newark Star-Ledger. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2012.
"Captain Max Pruss". Faces of the Hindenburg. December 6, 2008. Archived from the original on August 3, 2017. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
Russell, Patrick (October 5, 2009). "Captain Ernst A. Lehmann". Faces of the Hindenburg. Archived from the original on November 12, 2015. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Miller, Adam (August 14, 2021). "Joseph Späh". folksinging.org. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
Werthmüller, Andreas (February 22, 2006). "The Hindenburg Disaster". Rüfenacht, Switzerland: Swiss Hydrogen Association. Archived from the original on February 10, 2008.
"Zeppelin plot a possibility, Eckener says". The Pittsburgh Press. May 7, 1937. p. 20. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2016 – via Google News.
"Max Pruss." Columbia University's Oral History Research Office interview. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.Archived June 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
"Hoehling."law.uconn.edu. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.Archived September 24, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
Vaeth, J. Gordon (March 19, 1972). "With the rosy glow of hell". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
Russell, Patrick (April 29, 2009). "Erich Spehl". Faces of the Hindenburg. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
Russell, Patrick. "Colonel Fritz Erdmann". Faces of the Hindenburg. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
"Hindenburg: The Untold Story". Air Disasters. May 6, 2007. Smithsonian Channel. Archived from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
The Sunday Morning Star (May 23, 1937). "Eckener gropes to solve blast". p. 6. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2016.
"Secrets of the Dead: PBS television documentary on the Hindenburg disaster." Archived November 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine pbs.org. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
Owen, Jonathan (March 3, 2013). "Hindenburg mystery solved after 76 years". The Independent. Archived from the original on March 18, 2022. Retrieved February 28, 2022.
"Hindenburg Accident Report: German Investigation Commission" Archived May 23, 2022, at the Wayback Machine airships.net. Retrieved: April 9, 2022.
"Hindenburg: The New Evidence." Archived May 27, 2021, at the Wayback Machine pbs.org. Retrieved: May 29, 2021.
"History's Mysteries: Caltech Professor Helps Solve Hindenburg Disaster" Archived June 2, 2021, at the Wayback Machine caltech.edu. Retrieved: May 29, 2021.
Dessler, A. J. (June 2004). "The Hindenburg Hydrogen Fire: Fatal Flaws in the Addison Bain Incendiary-Paint Theory" (PDF). University of Colorado Boulder. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
"The real cause of the Hindenburg disaster?" Philadelphia Inquirer, May 6, 2007. Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
"Hindenburg." Archived May 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine balloonlife.com. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"Thirty-two Seconds." Archived October 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine keepgoing.org. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
Stromberg, Joseph (May 10, 2012). "What Really Sparked the Hindenburg Disaster?". smithsonianmag.com. Paragraph 6. Archived from the original on November 27, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
Nobleman, Marc Tyler (2006). The Hindenburg. Minneapolis, MN: Compass Point Books. p. 38.
"Hindenburg Accident Report: U.S. Commerce Department". airships.net. Archived from the original on December 3, 2010. Retrieved September 20, 2010. Taken from the Air Commerce Bulletin of August 15, 1937 (vol. 9, no. 2) published by the United States Department of Commerce.
"Discussion of dope applied to Hindenburg covering." Archived April 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine airships.net. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"Description of rocket fuel." Archived July 28, 2009, at the Wayback Machine nasa.gov. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"What Happened to the Hindenburg?" Archived June 17, 2014, at the Wayback Machine PBS, June 15, 2001.
Dessler, A.J. "The Hindenburg Hydrogen Fire: Fatal Flaws in the Addison Bain Incendiary-Paint Theory" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
"Flammability of Hindenburg Covering." Archived April 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine airships.net. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"MythBusters Episode 70."^[usurped] Discovery Channel, first broadcast, January 10, 2007. Retrieved: May 3, 2009.
"WSU Special Collections: Harold G. Dick Exhibit". specialcollections.wichita.edu. Wichita State University Libraries. Archived from the original on April 5, 2004. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
Russell, Patrick (January 11, 2013). "Das ich nicht…". Projekt LZ129. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2015.
"Hindenburg fire theories." Archived February 21, 2007, at the Wayback Machine spot.colorado.edu. Retrieved: September 20, 2010.
"Citizen Scientist on the flammable coating (IPT)." sas.org. Retrieved: September 20, 2010. Archived June 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
"Lakehurst". lakehust.navy.mil. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
"Crash Site of the Hindenburg". roadsideamerica.com. Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
"Dedicated". theclio.com. Clio: Your Guide to History. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
"Tours". hlhs.com. Navy Lakehurst Historical Society. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.

wichita.edu

specialcollections.wichita.edu

"WSU Special Collections: Harold G. Dick Exhibit". specialcollections.wichita.edu. Wichita State University Libraries. Archived from the original on April 5, 2004. Retrieved September 20, 2010.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Craats 2009, p. 36. Craats, Rennay (2009). Trends: USA past, present, future. New York: Weigl Publishers. ISBN 978-1-59036-976-0. OCLC 226361590.
National Geographic 1999. Bernanke, Jaime; Bachar, Kevin (1999). Hindenburg's Fiery Secret (VHS). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Video. OCLC 43937943.
Vaeth, J. Gordon (March 19, 1972). "With the rosy glow of hell". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.