History of England (English Wikipedia)

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Capelli, C.; Redhead, N.; Abernethy, J.K.; Gatrix, F.; Wilson, J.F.; Moen, T.; Hervig, T.; Richards, M.; Stumpf, M.P.H.; Underhill, P.A.; Bradshaw, P.; Shaha, A.; Thomas, M.G.; Bradman, N.; Goldstein, D.B. (2003). "A Y chromosome census of the British Isles" (PDF). Current Biology. 13 (11): 979–984. Bibcode:2003CBio...13..979C. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00373-7. PMID 12781138. S2CID 526263. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (2016). "Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history". Nature Communications. 7: 10408. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710408S. doi:10.1038/ncomms10408. PMC 4735688. PMID 26783965. S2CID 14795869.
Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; Holst, Malin; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, Leonard H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (2016). "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons". Nature Communications. 7: 10326. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710326M. doi:10.1038/ncomms10326. PMC 4735653. PMID 26783717. S2CID 13817552.
Lawson, M. K. (1984). "The Collection of Danegeld and Heregeld in the Reigns of Aethelred II and Cnut". The English Historical Review. 99 (393): 721–738. doi:10.1093/ehr/XCIX.CCCXCIII.721. JSTOR 569175.
Ridgeway, Huw W. (2004), "Henry III (1207–1272)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press (published September 2010), doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12950, archived from the original on 3 August 2013, retrieved 17 August 2013 (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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Capelli, C.; Redhead, N.; Abernethy, J.K.; Gatrix, F.; Wilson, J.F.; Moen, T.; Hervig, T.; Richards, M.; Stumpf, M.P.H.; Underhill, P.A.; Bradshaw, P.; Shaha, A.; Thomas, M.G.; Bradman, N.; Goldstein, D.B. (2003). "A Y chromosome census of the British Isles" (PDF). Current Biology. 13 (11): 979–984. Bibcode:2003CBio...13..979C. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00373-7. PMID 12781138. S2CID 526263. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2020.

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Sample, Ian (7 July 2010). "First humans arrived in Britain 250,000 years earlier than thought". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 January 2014; Wade, Nicholas (7 July 2010). "Clues of Britain's First Humans". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2011; "Earliest footprints outside Africa discovered in Norfolk". (2014). BBC News. Retrieved 7 February 2014.

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Capelli, C.; Redhead, N.; Abernethy, J.K.; Gatrix, F.; Wilson, J.F.; Moen, T.; Hervig, T.; Richards, M.; Stumpf, M.P.H.; Underhill, P.A.; Bradshaw, P.; Shaha, A.; Thomas, M.G.; Bradman, N.; Goldstein, D.B. (2003). "A Y chromosome census of the British Isles" (PDF). Current Biology. 13 (11): 979–984. Bibcode:2003CBio...13..979C. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00373-7. PMID 12781138. S2CID 526263. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (2016). "Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history". Nature Communications. 7: 10408. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710408S. doi:10.1038/ncomms10408. PMC 4735688. PMID 26783965. S2CID 14795869.
Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; Holst, Malin; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, Leonard H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (2016). "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons". Nature Communications. 7: 10326. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710326M. doi:10.1038/ncomms10326. PMC 4735653. PMID 26783717. S2CID 13817552.

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jstor.org

Lawson, M. K. (1984). "The Collection of Danegeld and Heregeld in the Reigns of Aethelred II and Cnut". The English Historical Review. 99 (393): 721–738. doi:10.1093/ehr/XCIX.CCCXCIII.721. JSTOR 569175.
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Kortlandt, Frederik (2018). "Relative Chronology" (PDF).: "The second migration, which attracted incomers from other Germanic tribes, offers a different picture for Northumbria, and more specifically Bernicia, where there was a noticeable Celtic contribution to art, culture and possibly socio-military organisation. It appears that the immigrants took over the institutions of the local population here."

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Capelli, C.; Redhead, N.; Abernethy, J.K.; Gatrix, F.; Wilson, J.F.; Moen, T.; Hervig, T.; Richards, M.; Stumpf, M.P.H.; Underhill, P.A.; Bradshaw, P.; Shaha, A.; Thomas, M.G.; Bradman, N.; Goldstein, D.B. (2003). "A Y chromosome census of the British Isles" (PDF). Current Biology. 13 (11): 979–984. Bibcode:2003CBio...13..979C. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00373-7. PMID 12781138. S2CID 526263. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (2016). "Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history". Nature Communications. 7: 10408. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710408S. doi:10.1038/ncomms10408. PMC 4735688. PMID 26783965. S2CID 14795869.
Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; Holst, Malin; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, Leonard H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (2016). "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons". Nature Communications. 7: 10326. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710326M. doi:10.1038/ncomms10326. PMC 4735653. PMID 26783717. S2CID 13817552.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (2016). "Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history". Nature Communications. 7: 10408. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710408S. doi:10.1038/ncomms10408. PMC 4735688. PMID 26783965. S2CID 14795869.
Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; Holst, Malin; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, Leonard H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (2016). "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons". Nature Communications. 7: 10326. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710326M. doi:10.1038/ncomms10326. PMC 4735653. PMID 26783717. S2CID 13817552.

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Sample, Ian (7 July 2010). "First humans arrived in Britain 250,000 years earlier than thought". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 January 2014; Wade, Nicholas (7 July 2010). "Clues of Britain's First Humans". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2011; "Earliest footprints outside Africa discovered in Norfolk". (2014). BBC News. Retrieved 7 February 2014.

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Dark, Ken R. (2003). "Large-scale population movements into and from Britain south of Hadrian's Wall in the fourth to sixth centuries AD" (PDF).: "In fact, part of eastern Britain may have already been losing a significant portion of its rural population, as evidence from East Anglia – amassed and analyzed by local archaeologists – may suggest. In this area at least, and possibly more widely in eastern Britain, large tracts of land appear to have been deserted in the late fourth century, possibly including whole "small towns" and villages. This does not seem to have been a localised change in settlement location, size or character but genuine desertion ... The areas where we have most indications of an intrusive Germanic culture are precisely those where we have most evidence of late fourth-century abandonment."

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Capelli, C.; Redhead, N.; Abernethy, J.K.; Gatrix, F.; Wilson, J.F.; Moen, T.; Hervig, T.; Richards, M.; Stumpf, M.P.H.; Underhill, P.A.; Bradshaw, P.; Shaha, A.; Thomas, M.G.; Bradman, N.; Goldstein, D.B. (2003). "A Y chromosome census of the British Isles" (PDF). Current Biology. 13 (11): 979–984. Bibcode:2003CBio...13..979C. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00373-7. PMID 12781138. S2CID 526263. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
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Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen; Holst, Malin; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, Leonard H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (2016). "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons". Nature Communications. 7: 10326. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710326M. doi:10.1038/ncomms10326. PMC 4735653. PMID 26783717. S2CID 13817552.

theguardian.com

Sample, Ian (7 July 2010). "First humans arrived in Britain 250,000 years earlier than thought". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 January 2014; Wade, Nicholas (7 July 2010). "Clues of Britain's First Humans". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2011; "Earliest footprints outside Africa discovered in Norfolk". (2014). BBC News. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
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"Royal Navy History, Tudor Period and the Birth of a Regular Navy". Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2010.
J. B. Black The Reign of Elizabeth, 1558–1603 (Oxford History of England) (2nd ed. 1959) online edition Archived 22 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine
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"New Local Enterprise Partnerships criss-cross the country". Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. 7 September 2010. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 7 October 2010.

webcitation.org

Ridgeway, Huw W. (2004), "Henry III (1207–1272)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press (published September 2010), doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12950, archived from the original on 3 August 2013, retrieved 17 August 2013 (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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Morris, John E. (1901). The Welsh Wars of Edward I. a Contribution to Mediaeval Military History, Based on Original Documents. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. OCLC 562375464.
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