History of Finland (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "History of Finland" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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51web.archive.org

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5books.google.com

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4yle.fi

380^th place

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4nba.fi

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4doi.org

2^nd place

2jstor.org

26^th place

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2presidentti.fi

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2worldcat.org

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2nih.gov

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2finland.fi

9,755^th place

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1france24.com

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1finna.fi

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1ouka.fi

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1oxfordhandbooks.com

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1harvard.edu

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1thelatinlibrary.com

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1narc.fi

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1hel.fi

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1sgr.fi

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1oulu.fi

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1kotikielenseura.fi

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1ts.fi

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1folktinget.fi

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1saunalahti.fi

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1jyu.fi

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1mtv3.fi

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1theodora.com

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1wikimedia.org

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1loc.gov

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1wiley.com

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1eduskunta.fi

5,159^th place

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1britannica.com

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1proquest.com

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1hs.fi

647^th place

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1ebscohost.com

1,786^th place

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1academia.edu

121^st place

142^nd place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

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1economist.com

254^th place

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1intelnews.org

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1is.fi

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1supo.fi

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1tuomioja.org

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1helsinki.fi

1,670^th place

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1worldbank.org

231^st place

332^nd place

1stat.fi

1,881^st place

2,865^th place

1core.ac.uk

1,734^th place

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1socialnet.de

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1tcmb.gov.tr

6,436^th place

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1cia.gov

89^th place

147^th place

1145.20

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1archive.org

6^th place

1finlandabroad.fi

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1mil.fi

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1washingtonpost.com

34^th place

27^th place

1cnn.com

28^th place

26^th place

1usnews.com

634^th place

432^nd place

1um.fi

low place

145.20

217.71.145.20

"Converted". 217.71.145.20. 14 May 1996. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2011.

academia.edu

Götz, Norbert (23 June 2008). ""In a Class by Itself": Cold War Politics and Finland's Position vis-à-vis the United Nations, 1945–1956". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (2): 71–96. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.2.71. S2CID 202601364. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2018 – via www.academia.edu.

archive.org

Köthenbürger, Marko; Sinn, Hans-Verner; Whalley, John (2006). Privatization Experiences in the European Union. MIT Press. pp. 141–162. ISBN 9780262112963.

books.google.com

Rein Taagepera (1999). The Finno-Ugric Republics and the Russian State. Psychology Press. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-415-91977-7. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
Fonnesberg-Schmidt, Iben (2007). The Popes and the Baltic Crusades: 1147-1254. BRILL. p. 25. ISBN 978-90-04-15502-2.
Bagge, Sverre (9 February 2016). Cross and Scepter: The Rise of the Scandinavian Kingdoms from the Vikings to the Reformation. Princeton University Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-691-16908-8.
Kirby, David (13 July 2006). A Concise History of Finland. Cambridge University Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-521-83225-0.
Haarmann, Harald (4 October 2016). Modern Finland. McFarland. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4766-2565-2.

britannica.com

"Lapua Movement | Finnish fascist movement". Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2022.

cia.gov

"Finland | CIA World Factbook – The best country factbook available online". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2019.

cnn.com

John, Tara (4 April 2023). "Finland joins NATO, doubling military alliance's border with Russia in a blow for Putin". CNN. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

core.ac.uk

KETTUNEN, LAURI (1991). FINNISH AGRICUITURE IN 1990 (PDF). MAATALOUDEN TALOUDELLINEN TUTKIMUSLAITOS AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE. pp. 45–46. ISBN 951-9202-97-8.

doi.org

Cummings, Vicki (1 April 2014). Cummings, Vicki; Jordan, Peter; Zvelebil, Marek (eds.). "Hunting and Gathering in a Farmers' World". The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199551224.001.0001. ISBN 9780199551224. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
Alenius, Teija; Mökkönen, Teemu; Holmqvist, Elisabeth; Ojala, Antti (1 September 2017). "Neolithic land use in the northern Boreal zone: high-resolution multiproxy analyses from Lake Huhdasjärvi, south-eastern Finland". Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 26 (5): 469–486. Bibcode:2017VegHA..26..469A. doi:10.1007/s00334-017-0606-2. ISSN 1617-6278.
Der Sarkissian, Clio; Balanovsky, Oleg; Brandt, Guido; Khartanovich, Valery; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Koshel, Sergey; Zaporozhchenko, Valery; Gronenborn, Detlef; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Kolpakov, Eugen; Shumkin, Vladimir; Alt, Kurt W.; Balanovska, Elena; Cooper, Alan; Haak, Wolfgang (2013). "Ancient DNA Reveals Prehistoric Gene-Flow from Siberia in the Complex Human Population History of North East Europe". PLOS Genetics. 9 (2): e1003296. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003296. PMC 3573127. PMID 23459685.
Götz, Norbert (23 June 2008). ""In a Class by Itself": Cold War Politics and Finland's Position vis-à-vis the United Nations, 1945–1956". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (2): 71–96. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.2.71. S2CID 202601364. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2018 – via www.academia.edu.

ebscohost.com

web.a.ebscohost.com

Ville Kivimäki, "Between Defeat and Victory: Finnish memory culture of the Second World War," Scandinavian Journal of History (2012) 37#4 pp 482–504 online

economist.com

"Finland and American intelligence – Secret history". The Economist. 1 December 2011. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2020.

eduskunta.fi

"The history of the development of statehood in Finland". Parliament of Finland. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2022.

finland.fi

virtual.finland.fi

Article by professor of History of Religions Juha Pentikäinen at Virtual Finland "The Ancient Religion of the Finns — Virtual Finland". Archived from the original on 25 January 2009. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

formin.finland.fi

"Nato: Address by Mr Pertti Torstila, Secretary of State, to the Macedonian Diplomatic Bulletin". Formin.finland.fi. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2011.

finlandabroad.fi

"Former Finnish President Martti Ahtisaari wins Nobel Peace Prize". Finland abroad: Permanent Representation of Finland to the EU. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

finna.fi

KM 11708 Kiuruveden kirves; Esinekuva (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 31 December 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2017.

folktinget.fi

"Swedish in Finland". The Swedish Assembly of Finland. 17 September 2015. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2017.

france24.com

"Finland's leaders back joining NATO in policy shift triggered by Ukraine war". France 24. 12 May 2022. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Alenius, Teija; Mökkönen, Teemu; Holmqvist, Elisabeth; Ojala, Antti (1 September 2017). "Neolithic land use in the northern Boreal zone: high-resolution multiproxy analyses from Lake Huhdasjärvi, south-eastern Finland". Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 26 (5): 469–486. Bibcode:2017VegHA..26..469A. doi:10.1007/s00334-017-0606-2. ISSN 1617-6278.

hel.fi

hyl.edu.hel.fi

The common acceptance of the theory is indicated by the fact that this is the theory currently presented by the National Board of Antiquities in Finland, and several schools: E.g. Tietoa Suomen esihistoriasta Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Museovirasto. Retrieved 20 March 2008. (in Finnish), SUOMEN ASUTUS- JA SIIRTOLAISUUSHISTORIA- PROJEKTI COMENIUS MIGRATION PROJEKTI Archived 5 August 2003 at the Wayback Machine. City of Helsinki. Retrieved 20 March 2008. (in Finnish).

helsinki.fi

helda.helsinki.fi

Rentola, Kimmo (2008). "President Urho Kekkonen of Finland and the KGB". In Aunesluoma, Juhani; Kettunen, Pauli (eds.). The Cold War and the Politics of History. Helsinki: Edita Publishing Ltd. pp. 269–289. ISBN 978-952-10-4637-7. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.

hs.fi

Hidden help from across the Atlantic Archived 29 January 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Helsingin Sanomat

intelnews.org

Fitsanakis, Joseph (19 August 2011). "Former Finnish diplomat reveals she worked for the CIA". Intelnews.org. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.

is.fi

Lehto, Mika (19 September 2018). "Näin Neuvostoliitto vakoili Suomessa – Supo seurasi "Jakkea", joka johdatti uusille jäljille". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.

jstor.org

Alan Siaroff, "Democratic Breakdown and Democratic Stability: A Comparison of Interwar Estonia and Finland," Canadian Journal of Political Science Vol. 32, No. 1 (March 1999), pp. 103–124 in JSTOR Archived 21 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine
John H. Wuorinen, "Finland's Prohibition Experiment," Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science vol. 163, (September 1932), pp. 216–226 in JSTOR Archived 2 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine

jyu.fi

kirjasto.jyu.fi

Jyväskylän yliopiston kirjasto. Kielletyt kirjat. Archived 27 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Cited 14 December 2006. In Finnish

kotikielenseura.fi

Suomi, Häme Ja Satakunta Archived 10 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine

loc.gov

cdn.loc.gov

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Text from PD source: US Library of Congress: A Country Study: Finland, Library of Congress Call Number DL1012 .A74 1990.

mil.fi

Finland and NATO Archived 31 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Tomas Ries.

mtv3.fi

kotisivu.mtv3.fi

Suomen historia: kirkon historia Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine Cited 14 December 2006. In Finnish

narc.fi

"National Archives Service, Finland (in English)". Archived from the original on 27 February 2007. Retrieved 22 January 2007.

nba.fi

Kristiinankaupungin Susiluola ((archived))
"Population Development on the Prehistoric Period ('Väestön kehitys esihistoriallisella ajalla')". Finnish National Board of Antiquities. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
"Museovirasto". Archived from the original on 28 February 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
The common acceptance of the theory is indicated by the fact that this is the theory currently presented by the National Board of Antiquities in Finland, and several schools: E.g. Tietoa Suomen esihistoriasta Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Museovirasto. Retrieved 20 March 2008. (in Finnish), SUOMEN ASUTUS- JA SIIRTOLAISUUSHISTORIA- PROJEKTI COMENIUS MIGRATION PROJEKTI Archived 5 August 2003 at the Wayback Machine. City of Helsinki. Retrieved 20 March 2008. (in Finnish).

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Der Sarkissian, Clio; Balanovsky, Oleg; Brandt, Guido; Khartanovich, Valery; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Koshel, Sergey; Zaporozhchenko, Valery; Gronenborn, Detlef; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Kolpakov, Eugen; Shumkin, Vladimir; Alt, Kurt W.; Balanovska, Elena; Cooper, Alan; Haak, Wolfgang (2013). "Ancient DNA Reveals Prehistoric Gene-Flow from Siberia in the Complex Human Population History of North East Europe". PLOS Genetics. 9 (2): e1003296. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003296. PMC 3573127. PMID 23459685.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Der Sarkissian, Clio; Balanovsky, Oleg; Brandt, Guido; Khartanovich, Valery; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Koshel, Sergey; Zaporozhchenko, Valery; Gronenborn, Detlef; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Kolpakov, Eugen; Shumkin, Vladimir; Alt, Kurt W.; Balanovska, Elena; Cooper, Alan; Haak, Wolfgang (2013). "Ancient DNA Reveals Prehistoric Gene-Flow from Siberia in the Complex Human Population History of North East Europe". PLOS Genetics. 9 (2): e1003296. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003296. PMC 3573127. PMID 23459685.

ouka.fi

"Kierikki Stone Age Centre". Oulun kaupunki – www.ouka.fi. 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2022.

oulu.fi

herkules.oulu.fi

PEOPLE, MATERIAL CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE NORTH Proceedings of the 22nd Nordic Archaeological Conference, University of Oulu, 18–23 August 2004 Edited by Vesa-Pekka Herva GUMMERUS KIRJAPAINO [1] Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine

oxfordhandbooks.com

Cummings, Vicki (1 April 2014). Cummings, Vicki; Jordan, Peter; Zvelebil, Marek (eds.). "Hunting and Gathering in a Farmers' World". The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199551224.001.0001. ISBN 9780199551224. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.

presidentti.fi

"The President of the Republic of Finland: Curriculum vitae: Biography". www.presidentti.fi. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
"Biography of Sauli Niinistö". Tasavallan presidentti Sauli Niinistö. Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

proquest.com

public.ebookcentral.proquest.com

Hanhimaki, Jussi M. (1997). Containing Coexistence: America, Russia, and the "Finnish Solution," 1945–1956. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press. p. 7. ISBN 0873385586. Retrieved 18 October 2019.^{[permanent dead link‍]}. Subscription needed.

saunalahti.fi

Forsius, A. Puujalka ja jalkapuu. Archived 5 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine Cited 14 December 2006. In Finnish

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Götz, Norbert (23 June 2008). ""In a Class by Itself": Cold War Politics and Finland's Position vis-à-vis the United Nations, 1945–1956". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (2): 71–96. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.2.71. S2CID 202601364. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2018 – via www.academia.edu.

sgr.fi

Jaakko Häkkinen 2009: Kantauralin ajoitus ja paikannus: perustelut puntarissa – Journal de la Société Finno-Ougrienne 2009;92:9–56. https://www.sgr.fi/susa/92/hakkinen.pdf Archived 23 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine

socialnet.de

Jungerstam, Susanne; Wentjärvi, Annika (6 March 2019). "Country Portrait Finland – The Finnish Welfare State". socialnet International. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2020.

stat.fi

Finland 1917–2007. "Population development in independent Finland – greying Baby Boomers". Stat.fi. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

supo.fi

"Frontpage". Supo. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.

tcmb.gov.tr

"Inflation targeting: Reflection from the Finnish experience" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2011.

thelatinlibrary.com

"Annesl Regni Francorum". www.thelatinlibrary.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2018.

theodora.com

See Finland People: 1990 Archived 25 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine

ts.fi

"Turun Sanomat".^{[dead link‍]}

tuomioja.org

Tuomioja, Erkki (8 September 2009). "Salaisen palvelun tutkimuksen haasteet" [Challenges in secret service research]. Tuomioja.org (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.

um.fi

"President of the Republic approves Defence Cooperation Agreement between Finland and the United States". um.fi. Retrieved 7 July 2024.

usnews.com

"Finland's New President Alexander Stubb Says the Nordic Country Enters 'A New Era' as a NATO Member". usnews.com. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.

washingtonpost.com

"Russia threatens Finland and Sweden over potential NATO membership". Washington Post. 25 February 2022. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

web.archive.org

"Ylen kysely: Nato-jäsenyyden kannatus vahvistuu – 62 prosenttia haluaa nyt Natoon". March 2022. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
"Finland's leaders back joining NATO in policy shift triggered by Ukraine war". France 24. 12 May 2022. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
KM 11708 Kiuruveden kirves; Esinekuva (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 31 December 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
Kristiinankaupungin Susiluola ((archived))
"Population Development on the Prehistoric Period ('Väestön kehitys esihistoriallisella ajalla')". Finnish National Board of Antiquities. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
"Kierikki Stone Age Centre". Oulun kaupunki – www.ouka.fi. 27 April 2021. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
Cummings, Vicki (1 April 2014). Cummings, Vicki; Jordan, Peter; Zvelebil, Marek (eds.). "Hunting and Gathering in a Farmers' World". The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199551224.001.0001. ISBN 9780199551224. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
"Museovirasto". Archived from the original on 28 February 2014. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
"Annesl Regni Francorum". www.thelatinlibrary.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
"National Archives Service, Finland (in English)". Archived from the original on 27 February 2007. Retrieved 22 January 2007.
Article by professor of History of Religions Juha Pentikäinen at Virtual Finland "The Ancient Religion of the Finns — Virtual Finland". Archived from the original on 25 January 2009. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
Rein Taagepera (1999). The Finno-Ugric Republics and the Russian State. Psychology Press. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-415-91977-7. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
The common acceptance of the theory is indicated by the fact that this is the theory currently presented by the National Board of Antiquities in Finland, and several schools: E.g. Tietoa Suomen esihistoriasta Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Museovirasto. Retrieved 20 March 2008. (in Finnish), SUOMEN ASUTUS- JA SIIRTOLAISUUSHISTORIA- PROJEKTI COMENIUS MIGRATION PROJEKTI Archived 5 August 2003 at the Wayback Machine. City of Helsinki. Retrieved 20 March 2008. (in Finnish).
Jaakko Häkkinen 2009: Kantauralin ajoitus ja paikannus: perustelut puntarissa – Journal de la Société Finno-Ougrienne 2009;92:9–56. https://www.sgr.fi/susa/92/hakkinen.pdf Archived 23 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine
PEOPLE, MATERIAL CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE NORTH Proceedings of the 22nd Nordic Archaeological Conference, University of Oulu, 18–23 August 2004 Edited by Vesa-Pekka Herva GUMMERUS KIRJAPAINO [1] Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
Suomi, Häme Ja Satakunta Archived 10 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
"Swedish in Finland". The Swedish Assembly of Finland. 17 September 2015. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
Suikkari, Riikka (19 August 2022). "Pahamaineinen merirosvosakki herätti keskiajalla kauhua Suomen rannikolla – Katso kartasta, missä vitaaliveljet ryöstelivät ja majailivat". Yle (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 20 August 2022. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
Forsius, A. Puujalka ja jalkapuu. Archived 5 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine Cited 14 December 2006. In Finnish
Jyväskylän yliopiston kirjasto. Kielletyt kirjat. Archived 27 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Cited 14 December 2006. In Finnish
Suomen historia: kirkon historia Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine Cited 14 December 2006. In Finnish
See Finland People: 1990 Archived 25 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
Charlotta Hedberg and Kaisa Kepsu, "Migration as a mode of cultural expression? The case of the Finland‐Swedish minority's migration to Sweden." Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography (2003) 85#2: 67–84 online Archived 26 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine
Alan Siaroff, "Democratic Breakdown and Democratic Stability: A Comparison of Interwar Estonia and Finland," Canadian Journal of Political Science Vol. 32, No. 1 (March 1999), pp. 103–124 in JSTOR Archived 21 May 2022 at the Wayback Machine
"The history of the development of statehood in Finland". Parliament of Finland. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
John H. Wuorinen, "Finland's Prohibition Experiment," Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science vol. 163, (September 1932), pp. 216–226 in JSTOR Archived 2 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine
"Lapua Movement | Finnish fascist movement". Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
Hidden help from across the Atlantic Archived 29 January 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Helsingin Sanomat
Götz, Norbert (23 June 2008). ""In a Class by Itself": Cold War Politics and Finland's Position vis-à-vis the United Nations, 1945–1956". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (2): 71–96. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.2.71. S2CID 202601364. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2018 – via www.academia.edu.
"Finland and American intelligence – Secret history". The Economist. 1 December 2011. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Fitsanakis, Joseph (19 August 2011). "Former Finnish diplomat reveals she worked for the CIA". Intelnews.org. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Helin, Satu (2 July 2017). "Naisia, autoja ja piilopirttejä – Norjalainen vakoili CIA:n laskuun kylmän sodan Suomessa" (in Finnish). YLE. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Byman, Kai (14 October 2019). "Kylmän sodan suomalaisagentit: käsikirjoitus". MOT (in Finnish). YLE. Archived from the original on 17 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Lehto, Mika (19 September 2018). "Näin Neuvostoliitto vakoili Suomessa – Supo seurasi "Jakkea", joka johdatti uusille jäljille". Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
"Frontpage". Supo. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
Tuomioja, Erkki (8 September 2009). "Salaisen palvelun tutkimuksen haasteet" [Challenges in secret service research]. Tuomioja.org (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
Rentola, Kimmo (2008). "President Urho Kekkonen of Finland and the KGB". In Aunesluoma, Juhani; Kettunen, Pauli (eds.). The Cold War and the Politics of History. Helsinki: Edita Publishing Ltd. pp. 269–289. ISBN 978-952-10-4637-7. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
Growth and Equity in Finland Archived 13 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine, World Bank
Finland 1917–2007. "Population development in independent Finland – greying Baby Boomers". Stat.fi. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Jungerstam, Susanne; Wentjärvi, Annika (6 March 2019). "Country Portrait Finland – The Finnish Welfare State". socialnet International. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
"Inflation targeting: Reflection from the Finnish experience" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
"Finland | CIA World Factbook – The best country factbook available online". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
"Converted". 217.71.145.20. 14 May 1996. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
"The President of the Republic of Finland: Curriculum vitae: Biography". www.presidentti.fi. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
"Former Finnish President Martti Ahtisaari wins Nobel Peace Prize". Finland abroad: Permanent Representation of Finland to the EU. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
"Biography of Sauli Niinistö". Tasavallan presidentti Sauli Niinistö. Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
"Nato: Address by Mr Pertti Torstila, Secretary of State, to the Macedonian Diplomatic Bulletin". Formin.finland.fi. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
Finland and NATO Archived 31 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Tomas Ries.
"Russia threatens Finland and Sweden over potential NATO membership". Washington Post. 25 February 2022. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
John, Tara (4 April 2023). "Finland joins NATO, doubling military alliance's border with Russia in a blow for Putin". CNN. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
"Finland's New President Alexander Stubb Says the Nordic Country Enters 'A New Era' as a NATO Member". usnews.com. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.

wikimedia.org

commons.wikimedia.org

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Text from PD source: US Library of Congress: A Country Study: Finland, Library of Congress Call Number DL1012 .A74 1990.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Charlotta Hedberg and Kaisa Kepsu, "Migration as a mode of cultural expression? The case of the Finland‐Swedish minority's migration to Sweden." Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography (2003) 85#2: 67–84 online Archived 26 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine

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Alenius, Teija; Mökkönen, Teemu; Holmqvist, Elisabeth; Ojala, Antti (1 September 2017). "Neolithic land use in the northern Boreal zone: high-resolution multiproxy analyses from Lake Huhdasjärvi, south-eastern Finland". Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 26 (5): 469–486. Bibcode:2017VegHA..26..469A. doi:10.1007/s00334-017-0606-2. ISSN 1617-6278.

worldcat.org

Viklund, K. & Gullberg, K. (red.): Från romartid until vikingatid. Pörnullbacken – en järnålderstida bosättning i Österbotten, Vasa, Scriptum, 2002, 264 pages. Series: Acta antiqua Ostrobotniensia, ISSN 0783-6678; nr 5, and Studia archaeologica universitatis Umensis, ISSN 1100-7028; nr 15, ISBN 951-8902-91-7.

yle.fi

"Ylen kysely: Nato-jäsenyyden kannatus vahvistuu – 62 prosenttia haluaa nyt Natoon". March 2022. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
Suikkari, Riikka (19 August 2022). "Pahamaineinen merirosvosakki herätti keskiajalla kauhua Suomen rannikolla – Katso kartasta, missä vitaaliveljet ryöstelivät ja majailivat". Yle (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 20 August 2022. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
Helin, Satu (2 July 2017). "Naisia, autoja ja piilopirttejä – Norjalainen vakoili CIA:n laskuun kylmän sodan Suomessa" (in Finnish). YLE. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Byman, Kai (14 October 2019). "Kylmän sodan suomalaisagentit: käsikirjoitus". MOT (in Finnish). YLE. Archived from the original on 17 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.