History of Jordan (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "History of Jordan" in English language version.

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38web.archive.org

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1jordanembassy.org.au

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academia.edu

LaBianca, Oystein S.; Younker, Randall W. (1995). "The Kingdoms of Ammon, Moab, and Edom: The Archaeology of Society in Late Bronze/Iron Age Transjordan (ca. 1400–500 BCE)". In Thomas Levy (ed.). The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. Leicester University Press. p. 114. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2018.

aljazeera.net

english.aljazeera.net

Andoni, Lamis (16 January 2011). "To the tyrants of the Arab world..." Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 17 January 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2011.

archive.org

Lawrence, T. E. (1922). Seven Pillars of Wisdom. United Kingdom.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

archive.today

"Jordan's State Building and the Palestinian Problem". Archived from the original on 30 December 2013.

bbc.co.uk

"Jordan profile". BBC News. 5 June 2018. Archived from the original on 17 May 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.

biblegateway.com

"Bible Gateway passage: John 1:28 - New Revised Standard Version". Bible Gateway. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.

books.google.com

MacDonald, Burton; Younker, Randall W. (1999). B. Mcdonald, Younker Ancient Ammon. BRILL. ISBN 9004107622.
Rollston, Chris A. (2010). Writing and Literacy in the World of Ancient Israel: Epigraphic Evidence from the Iron Age. Society of Biblical Lit. p. 54. ISBN 9781589831070. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
Schäfer, Peter (2 September 2003). The History of the Jews in the Greco-Roman World: The Jews of Palestine from Alexander the Great to the Arab Conquest. Routledge. pp. 69, 74. ISBN 978-1-134-40317-2.
Taylor 2001, p. 51. Taylor, Jane (2001). Petra and the Lost Kingdom of the Nabataeans. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-508-2.
Taylor 2001, p. 30. Taylor, Jane (2001). Petra and the Lost Kingdom of the Nabataeans. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-508-2.
Taylor 2001, p. 70. Taylor, Jane (2001). Petra and the Lost Kingdom of the Nabataeans. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-508-2.
Parker, Samuel; Betlyon, John (2006). The Roman Frontier in Central Jordan: Final Report on the Limes Arabicus Project. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 573. ISBN 9780884022985. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
Gates, Charles (15 April 2013). Ancient Cities: The Archaeology of Urban Life in the Ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece and Rome. Routledge. pp. 392–393. ISBN 9781134676620. Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
Lemoine, Florence; Strickland, John (2001). Government Leaders, Military Rulers, and Political Activists. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 43. ISBN 9781573561532. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
Avni, Gideon (30 January 2014). The Byzantine-Islamic Transition in Palestine: An Archaeological Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 302. ISBN 9780191507342. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
Saraiya Faroqhi (2009). The Ottoman Empire: A Short History. Markus Wiener Publishers. pp. 60ff. ISBN 9781558764491.
M. W. Daly; Carl F. Petry (1998). The Cambridge History of Egypt. Cambridge University Press. pp. 498ff. ISBN 9780521471374.
Eugene Rogan, Tariq Tell (1994). Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan. British Academic Press. pp. 37, 47. ISBN 9781850438298. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
Lancaster, Fidelity (2013), People, Land and Water in the Arab Middle East: Environments and Landscapes in the Bilad Ash-Sham, Routledge, p. 122, ISBN 9781134411344
Burns 2005, p. 245.
Beverley Milton-Edwards, Peter Hinchcliffe (5 June 2009). Jordan: A Hashemite Legacy. Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 9781134105465. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Perdew Laura (1 November 2014). Understanding Jordan Today. Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc. p. 17. ISBN 9781612286778. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
Pete W. Moore (14 October 2004). Doing Business in the Middle East: Politics and Economic Crisis in Jordan and Kuwait. Cambridge University Press. p. 58. ISBN 9781139456357. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
Raphael Patai (8 December 2015). Kingdom of Jordan. Princeton University Press. pp. 23, 32. ISBN 9781400877997. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
E. George H. Joffé (2002). Jordan in Transition. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 212, 308. ISBN 9781850654889. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
Perdew Laura (1 November 2014). Understanding Jordan Today. Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc. p. 17. ISBN 9781612286778. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
Benvenisti, Eyal. The international law of occupation, Princeton University Press, 2004. p. 108. ISBN 0-691-12130-3. "This purported annexation was, however, widely regarded as illegal and void, by the Arab League and others, and was recognized only by Britain, Iraq, and Pakistan."
Dinstein, Yoram; Tabory, Mala (1 September 1994). Israel Yearbook on Human Rights: 1993. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-7923-2581-9. Retrieved 21 December 2010. Israel considers Jordan's annexation of the West Bank, recognised only by Great Britain and Pakistan, to have been illegal.
The George Washington international law review. George Washington University Law School. 2005. p. 390. Retrieved 21 December 2010. Jordan's illegal occupation and Annexation of the West Bank

doi.org

Salles, Jean-François (2013). "The Hellenistic Age – (323 - 30 BC)". In Myriam Ababsa (ed.). Atlas of Jordan. Presses de l’Ifpo (French Institute of the Near East Press). pp. 134–141. doi:10.4000/books.ifpo.4894. ISBN 978-2-35159-378-3. Retrieved 11 May 2025 – via openedition.org.
Richardson, Peter; Fisher, Amy Marie (2017). Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans (2 ed.). London: Routledge. p. 231. doi:10.4324/9781315163352. ISBN 978-1-315-16335-2. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
Hammond, Philip C. (1959). "The Nabataean Bitumen Industry at the Dead Sea". The Biblical Archaeologist. 22 (2): 40–48. doi:10.2307/3209307. JSTOR 3209307. S2CID 133997328.
Levin, Yigal (24 September 2020). "The Religion of Idumea and Its Relationship to Early Judaism". Religions. 11 (10): 487. doi:10.3390/rel11100487. ISSN 2077-1444.

fco.gov.uk

treaties.fco.gov.uk

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

guinnessworldrecords.com

"First purpose-built church". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.

historytoday.com

Cavendish, Richard (April 2000). "Jordan Formally Annexes the West Bank". History Today. 50 (4). Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2012.

jcpa.org

"Annexation of the West Bank by the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan". Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2012.

jordanembassy.org.au

"Jordan's State Building and the Palestinian Problem". Archived from the original on 30 December 2013.

jstor.org

Na'aman, Nadav (1995). "Rezin of Damascus and the Land of Gilead". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 111 (2): 105–117. ISSN 0012-1169. JSTOR 27931518. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
Hammond, Philip C. (1959). "The Nabataean Bitumen Industry at the Dead Sea". The Biblical Archaeologist. 22 (2): 40–48. doi:10.2307/3209307. JSTOR 3209307. S2CID 133997328.
Meital, Yoram (2000). "The Khartoum Conference and Egyptian Policy after the 1967 War: A Reexamination". Middle East Journal. 54 (1): 64–82. JSTOR 4329432. Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.

kinghussein.gov.jo

"Jordan – History – Ancient Jordan". Archived from the original on 9 March 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2007.

louvre.fr

"The Mesha Stele". Department of Near Eastern Antiquities: Levant. Louvre Museum. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018. The stele of King Mesha constitutes one of the most important direct accounts of the history of the world that is related in the Bible. The inscription pays tribute to the sovereign, celebrating his great building works and victories over the kingdom of Israel during the reign of Ahab, son of Omri. The mention of 'Israel' is its earliest known written occurrence.

mechon-mamre.org

"13:15-32". Book of Joshua. Archived from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.

nationalgeographic.com

"Petra Lost and Found". National Geographic. 2 January 2016. Archived from the original on 8 April 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2018.

openedition.org

books.openedition.org

al-Nahar, Maysoun (11 June 2014). "The Iron Age and the Persian Period (1200–332 BC)". In Ababsa, Myriam (ed.). Atlas of Jordan. Contemporain publications. Presses de l'Ifpo. pp. 126–130. ISBN 9782351594384. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
Salles, Jean-François (2013). "The Hellenistic Age – (323 - 30 BC)". In Myriam Ababsa (ed.). Atlas of Jordan. Presses de l’Ifpo (French Institute of the Near East Press). pp. 134–141. doi:10.4000/books.ifpo.4894. ISBN 978-2-35159-378-3. Retrieved 11 May 2025 – via openedition.org.
al-Nahar, Maysoun (11 June 2014). "Roman Arabia". In Ababsa, Myriam (ed.). Atlas of Jordan. Contemporain publications. Presses de l'Ifpo. pp. 155–161. ISBN 9782351594384. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
Ababsa, Myriam (2013). The Hashemites and the Creation of Transjordan. Contemporain publications. Beirut: Presses de l'Ifpo, Institut français du Proche-Orient. pp. 212–221. ISBN 9782351593783. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2015. ... the creation of the Kingdom of Jordan in 1949... {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

palestine-studies.org

"Institute for Palestine Studies" (PDF). Institute for Palestine Studies. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013.

questia.com

Cavendish, Richard (April 2000), "Jordan Formally Annexes the West Bank", History Today, vol. 50, no. 4^{[dead link]}

routledge.com

"Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans". Routledge & CRC Press. pp. 23, 231. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.

saudiaramcoworld.com

Christie, Trevor (October 1967). "Shaikh Burckhardt: Explorer". Saudi AramcoWorld. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 7 December 2015.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hammond, Philip C. (1959). "The Nabataean Bitumen Industry at the Dead Sea". The Biblical Archaeologist. 22 (2): 40–48. doi:10.2307/3209307. JSTOR 3209307. S2CID 133997328.

studylight.org

"Smith's Bible Dictionary". Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2010.

taylorfrancis.com

Richardson, Peter; Fisher, Amy Marie (2017). Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans (2 ed.). London: Routledge. p. 231. doi:10.4324/9781315163352. ISBN 978-1-315-16335-2. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.

uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

Luckenbill, Daniel David (1924). The Annals of Sennacherib. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 11. OCLC 506728.

un.org

unispal.un.org

"See CABLEGRAM DATED 18 MAY 1948 FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL ADDRESSED TO THE FOREIGN MINISTER OF TRANSJORDAN, AND REPLY THERETO DATED 20 MAY 1948, UN Document S/760 of 20 May 2003". Archived from the original on 20 March 2014.
"See UN Document PAL/167, 16 May 1948 TRANSJORDAN NOTIFIES UN OF ARMED ENTRY INTO PALESTINE". Archived from the original on 12 January 2014.

un.org

"Member States". United Nations. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2018.

unesco.org

whc.unesco.org

"Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a)". UNESCO. 1 January 2004. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.

utoronto.ca

sites.utoronto.ca

Harrison, Timothy P. (2009), "'The land of Medeba' and Early Iron Age Mādabā", in Bienkowski, Piotr (ed.), Studies on Iron Age Moab and Neighbouring Areas: In Honour of Michèle Daviau (PDF), Leuven: Peeters, pp. 27–45, archived (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2018, retrieved 16 June 2018

web.archive.org

"Jordan – History – Ancient Jordan". Archived from the original on 9 March 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2007.
LaBianca, Oystein S.; Younker, Randall W. (1995). "The Kingdoms of Ammon, Moab, and Edom: The Archaeology of Society in Late Bronze/Iron Age Transjordan (ca. 1400–500 BCE)". In Thomas Levy (ed.). The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. Leicester University Press. p. 114. Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
"Smith's Bible Dictionary". Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
"13:15-32". Book of Joshua. Archived from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
Harrison, Timothy P. (2009), "'The land of Medeba' and Early Iron Age Mādabā", in Bienkowski, Piotr (ed.), Studies on Iron Age Moab and Neighbouring Areas: In Honour of Michèle Daviau (PDF), Leuven: Peeters, pp. 27–45, archived (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2018, retrieved 16 June 2018
Rollston, Chris A. (2010). Writing and Literacy in the World of Ancient Israel: Epigraphic Evidence from the Iron Age. Society of Biblical Lit. p. 54. ISBN 9781589831070. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
"The Mesha Stele". Department of Near Eastern Antiquities: Levant. Louvre Museum. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018. The stele of King Mesha constitutes one of the most important direct accounts of the history of the world that is related in the Bible. The inscription pays tribute to the sovereign, celebrating his great building works and victories over the kingdom of Israel during the reign of Ahab, son of Omri. The mention of 'Israel' is its earliest known written occurrence.
Na'aman, Nadav (1995). "Rezin of Damascus and the Land of Gilead". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 111 (2): 105–117. ISSN 0012-1169. JSTOR 27931518. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
al-Nahar, Maysoun (11 June 2014). "The Iron Age and the Persian Period (1200–332 BC)". In Ababsa, Myriam (ed.). Atlas of Jordan. Contemporain publications. Presses de l'Ifpo. pp. 126–130. ISBN 9782351594384. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
Richardson, Peter; Fisher, Amy Marie (2017). Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans (2 ed.). London: Routledge. p. 231. doi:10.4324/9781315163352. ISBN 978-1-315-16335-2. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Petra Lost and Found". National Geographic. 2 January 2016. Archived from the original on 8 April 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
Parker, Samuel; Betlyon, John (2006). The Roman Frontier in Central Jordan: Final Report on the Limes Arabicus Project. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 573. ISBN 9780884022985. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
"Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans". Routledge & CRC Press. pp. 23, 231. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Bible Gateway passage: John 1:28 - New Revised Standard Version". Bible Gateway. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
al-Nahar, Maysoun (11 June 2014). "Roman Arabia". In Ababsa, Myriam (ed.). Atlas of Jordan. Contemporain publications. Presses de l'Ifpo. pp. 155–161. ISBN 9782351594384. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
Gates, Charles (15 April 2013). Ancient Cities: The Archaeology of Urban Life in the Ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece and Rome. Routledge. pp. 392–393. ISBN 9781134676620. Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
Lemoine, Florence; Strickland, John (2001). Government Leaders, Military Rulers, and Political Activists. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 43. ISBN 9781573561532. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
"First purpose-built church". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
"Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a)". UNESCO. 1 January 2004. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
Avni, Gideon (30 January 2014). The Byzantine-Islamic Transition in Palestine: An Archaeological Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 302. ISBN 9780191507342. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
Eugene Rogan, Tariq Tell (1994). Village, Steppe and State: The Social Origins of Modern Jordan. British Academic Press. pp. 37, 47. ISBN 9781850438298. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
Christie, Trevor (October 1967). "Shaikh Burckhardt: Explorer". Saudi AramcoWorld. Archived from the original on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
Beverley Milton-Edwards, Peter Hinchcliffe (5 June 2009). Jordan: A Hashemite Legacy. Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 9781134105465. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Raphael Patai (8 December 2015). Kingdom of Jordan. Princeton University Press. pp. 23, 32. ISBN 9781400877997. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
E. George H. Joffé (2002). Jordan in Transition. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 212, 308. ISBN 9781850654889. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
http://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/1946v07/reference/frus.frus1946v07.i0017.pdf Archived 2018-09-29 at the Wayback Machine ^{[bare URL PDF]}
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
Ababsa, Myriam (2013). The Hashemites and the Creation of Transjordan. Contemporain publications. Beirut: Presses de l'Ifpo, Institut français du Proche-Orient. pp. 212–221. ISBN 9782351593783. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2015. ... the creation of the Kingdom of Jordan in 1949... {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
"Institute for Palestine Studies" (PDF). Institute for Palestine Studies. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013.
"See CABLEGRAM DATED 18 MAY 1948 FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL ADDRESSED TO THE FOREIGN MINISTER OF TRANSJORDAN, AND REPLY THERETO DATED 20 MAY 1948, UN Document S/760 of 20 May 2003". Archived from the original on 20 March 2014.
"See UN Document PAL/167, 16 May 1948 TRANSJORDAN NOTIFIES UN OF ARMED ENTRY INTO PALESTINE". Archived from the original on 12 January 2014.
"Member States". United Nations. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
Cavendish, Richard (April 2000). "Jordan Formally Annexes the West Bank". History Today. 50 (4). Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
"Annexation of the West Bank by the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan". Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
"FRUS, US State Department Report". Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
Meital, Yoram (2000). "The Khartoum Conference and Egyptian Policy after the 1967 War: A Reexamination". Middle East Journal. 54 (1): 64–82. JSTOR 4329432. Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
"Jordan profile". BBC News. 5 June 2018. Archived from the original on 17 May 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
Andoni, Lamis (16 January 2011). "To the tyrants of the Arab world..." Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 17 January 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2011.

wisc.edu

images.library.wisc.edu

http://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/1946v07/reference/frus.frus1946v07.i0017.pdf Archived 2018-09-29 at the Wayback Machine ^{[bare URL PDF]}

digicoll.library.wisc.edu

"FRUS, US State Department Report". Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2013.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Finkelstein, Israel; Lipschits, Oded; Koch, Ido (2012). "The Biblical Gilead: Observations on Identifications, Geographic Divisions and Territorial History.". Ugarit-Forschungen; Band 43 (2011). [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]. p. 151. ISBN 978-3-86835-086-9. OCLC 1101929531.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Na'aman, Nadav (1995). "Rezin of Damascus and the Land of Gilead". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 111 (2): 105–117. ISSN 0012-1169. JSTOR 27931518. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
In search for Aram and Israel : politics, culture, and identity. Omer Sergi, Manfred Oeming, Izaak J. de Hulster. Tübingen. 2016. ISBN 978-3-16-153803-2. OCLC 967957191.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
Luckenbill, Daniel David (1924). The Annals of Sennacherib. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 11. OCLC 506728.
Encyclopaedic dictionary of the Bible : comprising its antiquities, biography, geography, and natural history. William Smith, J. M. Fuller. New Delhi: Logos Press. 2004. p. 287. ISBN 81-7268-090-2. OCLC 71326385.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
Levin, Yigal (24 September 2020). "The Religion of Idumea and Its Relationship to Early Judaism". Religions. 11 (10): 487. doi:10.3390/rel11100487. ISSN 2077-1444.
Massad, Joseph Andoni (2001). Colonial effects : the making of national identity in Jordan. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 21, 27. ISBN 0-231-50570-1. OCLC 52123810.