History of Spain (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "History of Spain" in English language version.

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Graetz 1894, p. 44. Graetz, Heinrich (1894). History of the Jews. Vol. 3. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America. ASIN B000JRBM60.

archive.org

Smith 1965, pp. 13–15. Smith, Rhea Marsh (1965). Spain: A Modern History. University of Michigan Press.
Smith 1965, pp. 16–17. Smith, Rhea Marsh (1965). Spain: A Modern History. University of Michigan Press.
Gerber 1992, p. 9. Gerber, Jane (1992). The Jews of Spain: A History of the Sephardic Experience. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-02911-573-2.
Collins 2000, pp. 59–60. Collins, Roger (2000). "Visigothic Spain, 409–711". In Raymond Carr (ed.). Spain: A History. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19280-236-1.
Fletcher, Richard (2006). Moorish Spain. Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 53. ISBN 0-520-24840-6.
Mercer, John (1980). The Canary Islanders: Their Prehistory, Conquest, and Survival. Collings. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-86036-126-8.
Carr 2000, pp. 116–172. Carr, Raymond, ed. (2000). Spain: A History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280236-1., 900pp; a standard scholarly history
- Payne, Stanley G. (1967). Politics and the Military in Modern Spain. Stanford University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0804701280.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"'First west Europe tooth' found". BBC News. 30 June 2007. Archived from the original on March 16, 2018.

bbc.co.uk

Adler, Katya (18 October 2011). "Spain's stolen babies and the families who lived a lie". BBC News.

books.google.com

Payne 1973a, Chapter 1 Ancient Hispania . Payne, Stanley G. (1973). A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. 1 Before 1700. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-06270-5. Full text
O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (2013). A History of Medieval Spain. Cornell University Press. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-8014-6872-8.
O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (2013). A History of Medieval Spain. Cornell University Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-8014-6872-8.
Payne 1973a, p. Ancient Hispania, p. 7. Payne, Stanley G. (1973). A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. 1 Before 1700. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-06270-5. Full text
Murdoch, Brian (2004). "Gothic". In William Whobrey; Brian Murdoch; James N. Hardin; Malcolm Kevin Read (eds.). Early Germanic Literature and Culture. Boydell & Brewer. p. 149. ISBN 978-1-57113-199-7.
Pannenberg, Wolfhart (1991). Systematic Theology. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 512. ISBN 978-0-8028-3708-0.
Fernández-Morera, Darío (2016). The Myth of the Andalusian Paradise. Intercollegiate Studies Institute. p. 286. ISBN 978-1-5040-3469-2.
O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (2013). A History of Medieval Spain. Cornell University Press. pp. 152, 293. ISBN 978-0-8014-6872-8.
García-Guijarro Ramos, Luis (2016). "Christian expansion in medieval Iberia: Reconquista or crusade?". In Boas, Adrian J. (ed.). The Crusader World. Routledge. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-415-82494-1. Traditional Spanish nationalism converted a skirmish, the Battle of Covadonga (718–722) and the figure of Pelayo, reckoned as first king of Asturias (718–737), into symbols of the will to recover the Visigothic unity and reinstate Christianity only a few years after the rout of Guadalete
Haywood, John (2015). Northmen. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1781855225.
Kendrick, Sir Thomas D. (2018). A History of the Vikings. Routledge. ISBN 978-1136242397.
Paz, Ramón Mariño (1999). Historia da lingua galega. Sotelo Blanco Edicións. pp. 182–194. ISBN 978-84-7824-333-4. Retrieved 19 August 2013.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Guillermo, Artemio (2012) [2012]. Historical Dictionary of the Philippines. The Scarecrow Press Inc. p. 374. ISBN 978-0810875111. Retrieved September 11, 2020. To pursue their mission of conquest, the Spaniards dealt individually with each settlement or village and with each province or island until the entire Philippine archipelago was brought under imperial control. They saw to it that the people remained divided or compartmentalized and with the minimum of contact or communication. The Spaniards adopted the policy of divide et impera (divide and conquer).
Patrick, James (2007). Renaissance and Reformation. Marshall Cavendish. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-7614-7651-1. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
Payne 1973a, Chapter 15 The Seventeenth-Century Decline. Payne, Stanley G. (1973). A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. 1 Before 1700. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-06270-5. Full text
Elliott 2002, p. 298. Elliott, J. H. (2002) [1970]. Imperial Spain 1469–1716. Penguin. p. 404. ISBN 978-0141925578.
Thomas, Hugh (2011). The Golden Age: The Spanish Empire of Charles V. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-241-96118-6.
Elliott, J. H. (1989). The Count-Duke of Olivares: The Statesman in an Age of Decline. Yale University Press. p. 601. ISBN 978-0-300-04499-7.
Palmer, Robert Roswell (1950). A History of the Modern World. Knopf. p. 127.
Elliott 2002, p. 404. Elliott, J. H. (2002) [1970]. Imperial Spain 1469–1716. Penguin. p. 404. ISBN 978-0141925578.
Payne 1973b, p. 71 Charles III "was probably the most successful European ruler of his generation". Payne, Stanley G. (1973). A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. 2 After 1700. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-06270-5. Full Text
Israel, Jonathan (2011). Democratic Enlightenment:Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750–1790. Oxford University Press. p. 374. ISBN 978-0191620041.
Payne 1973b, pp. 367–371. Payne, Stanley G. (1973). A History of Spain and Portugal. Vol. 2 After 1700. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-06270-5. Full Text
Haythornthwaite, Philip; Hook, Christa (2013). Corunna 1809: Sir John Moore's Fighting Retreat. Osprey. pp. 17–18. ISBN 978-1472801982.
Crandall, Russell (2014). America's Dirty Wars: Irregular Warfare from 1776 to the War on Terror. Cambridge UP. p. 21. ISBN 978-1107003132.
Griffin, Julia Ortiz; Griffin, William D. (2007). Spain and Portugal: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present. Infobase Publishing. p. 241. ISBN 978-0816074761.
Herr 1974, pp. 72–73. Herr, Richard (1974). Modern Spain: An Historical Essay. U. of California Press. ISBN 978-0520025349.
Cowans, Jon (2003). Modern Spain: A Documentary History. U. of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 26–27. ISBN 0-8122-1846-9.
Cruz, Jesus (2004). Gentlemen, Bourgeois, and Revolutionaries: Political Change and Cultural Persistence among the Spanish Dominant Groups, 1750–1850. Cambridge U.P. pp. 216–218. ISBN 9780521894166.
Nafziger, George F. (2002). Historical Dictionary of the Napoleonic Era. Scarecrow Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0810866171.
Chandler, David G. (1973). The Campaigns of Napoleon. Simon and Schuster. p. 659. ISBN 978-1439131039.
Fisher, Todd (2004). The Napoleonic Wars: The Rise And Fall Of An Empire. Osprey Publishing. p. 222. ISBN 978-1841768311.
Fletcher, Ian (2012). Vittoria 1813: Wellington Sweeps the French from Spain. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1782001959.
Francis, John Michael (2006). Iberia and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. ABC-CLIO. p. 905. ISBN 978-1851094219.
Lynch, John (1994). Latin American Revolutions, 1808–1826: Old and New World Origins. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-2661-6.
Ringrose, David R. (1998). Spain, Europe, and the 'Spanish Miracle', 1700–1900. Cambridge U.P. p. 325. ISBN 978-0521646307.
Hodge, Carl Cavanagh (2008). Encyclopedia of the age of imperialism: 1800–1914. A – K. Greenwood. p. 138. ISBN 978-0313334061. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
Callahan, William James (1984). Church, Politics, and Society in Spain, 1750–1874. Harvard U.P. p. 250. ISBN 978-0674131255.
Tucker, Spencer (2009). The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 12. ISBN 978-1851099511.
Ortiz, David (2000). "Elections and the Regency Press". Paper Liberals: Press and Politics in Restoration Spain. Westport & London: Greenwood Press. pp. 20–21. ISBN 0-313-312-16-8.
& Romero Salvadó 1999, p. 69. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (1999). Twentieth-Century Spain: Politics and Society, 1898–1998. Macmillan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-333-63697-8.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Romero Salvadó 1999, p. 70. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (1999). Twentieth-Century Spain: Politics and Society, 1898–1998. Macmillan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-333-63697-8.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Bowen, Wayne H. (2006). Spain During World War II. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. p. 11. ISBN 0-8262-1658-7.
Herr 1974, pp. 162–163. Herr, Richard (1974). Modern Spain: An Historical Essay. U. of California Press. ISBN 978-0520025349.
Herr 1974, pp. 154–187. Herr, Richard (1974). Modern Spain: An Historical Essay. U. of California Press. ISBN 978-0520025349.
Romero Salvadó 1999, p. 94. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (1999). Twentieth-Century Spain: Politics and Society, 1898–1998. Macmillan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-333-63697-8.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Romero Salvadó 1999, p. 95. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (1999). Twentieth-Century Spain: Politics and Society, 1898–1998. Macmillan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-333-63697-8.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Romero Salvadó 1999, p. 96. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (1999). Twentieth-Century Spain: Politics and Society, 1898–1998. Macmillan Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-333-63697-8.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Beevor, Antony (2001). The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. pp. 49–50. ISBN 978-0-14-100148-7.
Payne, Stanley G. (2004). Spanish Civil War, the Soviet Union, and Communism. Yale University Press. p. 106. ISBN 0300130783.
Jackson, Gabriel (1965). The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931–1939. Princeton University Press. p. 539. ISBN 978-0-691-00757-1.

britannica.com

"Spain – History – Pre-Roman Spain – Prehistory". Britannica Online Encyclopedia. 2008.
Spain – The Visigothic kingdom. Retrieved 28 August 2020. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |website= ignored (help)

cervantesvirtual.com

Blázquez 1988. Blázquez, José María (1988). "Los griegos en la Península Ibérica, siglos VII-V a.C. Analogías con la colonización griega en el Mar Negro (Cólquida)". Homenaje a García y Bellido 5. Anejos de Gerión – via Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes.
Blázquez 1988, p. 11. Blázquez, José María (1988). "Los griegos en la Península Ibérica, siglos VII-V a.C. Analogías con la colonización griega en el Mar Negro (Cólquida)". Homenaje a García y Bellido 5. Anejos de Gerión – via Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes.

core.ac.uk

Linz, Juan J.; Jerez, Miguel; Corzo, Susana. "Ministers and Regimes in Spain: From First to Second Restoration, 1874–2001" (PDF). Center for European Studies Working Paper (101).
Lorenzo Vicente, Juan Antonio (2001). "Claves históricas y educativas de la Restauración y de la Segunda República (1876–1936)" (PDF). Revista Complutense de Educación. 12 (1). Madrid: Ediciones Complutense: 231. ISSN 1130-2496.

doi.org

Boyd, Carolyn P. (2002). "The Second Battle of Covadonga: The Politics of Commemoration in Modern Spain". History and Memory. 14 (1–2): 37–64. doi:10.2979/his.2002.14.1-2.37. JSTOR 10.2979/his.2002.14.1-2.37. The battle cannot have amounted to much more than a minor skirmish between a small band of Asturian warriors and the Muslim expeditionary force sent to crush their resistance
Hawkley, Ethan (2014). "Reviving the Reconquista in Southeast Asia: Moros and the Making of the Philippines, 1565–1662". Journal of World History. 25 (2–3). University of Hawai'i Press: 288. doi:10.1353/jwh.2014.0014. S2CID 143692647. The early modern revival of the Reconquista in the Philippines had a profound effect on the islands, one that is still being felt today. As described above, the Spanish Reconquista served to unify Christians against a common Moro enemy, helping to bring together Castilian, Catalan, Galician, and Basque peoples into a single political unit: Spain. In precolonial times, the Philippine islands were a divided and unspecified part of the Malay archipelago, one inhabited by dozens of ethnolinguistic groups, residing in countless independent villages, strewn across thousands of islands. By the end of the seventeenth century, however, a dramatic change had happened in the archipelago. A multiethnic community had come together to form the colonial beginnings of a someday nation: the Philippines. The powerful influence of Christian-Moro antagonisms on the formation of the early Philippines remains evident more than four hundred years later, as the Philippine national government continues to grapple with Moro separatists groups, even in 2013.
Kamen, Henry (1978). "The Decline of Spain: A Historical Myth?". Past and Present (81): 24–50. doi:10.1093/past/81.1.24. ISSN 0031-2746.
Connor, Walker (1978). "A Nation is a Nation, is a State, is an Ethnic Group, is a...". Ethnic and Racial Studies. 1 (4): 377–400. doi:10.1080/01419870.1978.9993240.
Church, William F.; Wolf, John B. (July 1952). "The Emergence of the Great Powers, 1685–1715". The American Historical Review. 57 (4): 956. doi:10.2307/1844260. ISSN 0002-8762. JSTOR 1844260.
Kamen, Henry (2017). Philip of Spain. doi:10.12987/9780300184266. ISBN 978-0-300-18426-6.
Hamilton, Earl J. (1943). "Money and Economic Recovery in Spain under the First Bourbon, 1701–1746". The Journal of Modern History. 15 (3): 192–206. doi:10.1086/236742. ISSN 0022-2801. JSTOR 1871302. S2CID 155025535.
Ford, Franklin L. (2014-01-21). Europe 1780–1830. p. 32. doi:10.4324/9781315836461. ISBN 9781317870951.
Sturgill, Claude C.; Esdaile, Charles (November 1989). "The Spanish Army in the Peninsular War". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 69 (4): 755. doi:10.2307/2516106. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2516106.
Blanco, Richard L.; Gates, David (October 1988). "The Spanish Ulcer, A History of the Peninsular War". Military Affairs. 52 (4): 221. doi:10.2307/1988459. ISSN 0026-3931. JSTOR 1988459.
Payne, Stanley G.; Beck, Earl R. (February 1980). "A Time of Triumph and Sorrow: Spanish Politics during the Reign of Alfonso XII, 1874–1885". The History Teacher. 13 (2): 305. doi:10.2307/491971. ISSN 0018-2745. JSTOR 491971.
Offner, John L. "An Unwanted War: The Diplomacy of the United States and Spain over Cuba, 1895–1898". The SHAFR Guide Online. doi:10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim040130024. Retrieved 2022-08-17.
Ramsden, H. (March 1974). "The Spanish 'Generation of 1898': I. The history of a concept". Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. 56 (2): 463–491. doi:10.7227/bjrl.56.2.10. ISSN 2054-9326.
Jensen, Geoffrey (October 1999). "Moral Strength Through Material Defeat? The Consequences of 1898 for Spanish Military Culture". War & Society. 17 (2): 25–39. doi:10.1179/072924799791201489. ISSN 0729-2473. PMID 22593976.
Romero Salvadó 2010, pp. 63–64. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (2010). "Spain's Revolutionary Crisis of 1917: A Reckless Gamble". In Romero Salvadó, Francisco J.; Smith, Angel (eds.). The Agony of Spanish Liberalism. From Revolution to Dictatorship 1913–23. doi:10.1057/9780230274648. ISBN 978-1-349-36383-4.
Romero Salvadó 2010, pp. 79–80. Romero Salvadó, Francisco J. (2010). "Spain's Revolutionary Crisis of 1917: A Reckless Gamble". In Romero Salvadó, Francisco J.; Smith, Angel (eds.). The Agony of Spanish Liberalism. From Revolution to Dictatorship 1913–23. doi:10.1057/9780230274648. ISBN 978-1-349-36383-4.
La Porte, Pablo (2010). "The Moroccan Quagmire and the Crisis of Spain's Liberal System, 1917–23". In Romero Salvadó, Francisco J.; Smith, Angel (eds.). The Agony of Spanish Liberalism. From Revolution to Dictatorship 1913–23. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 231. doi:10.1057/9780230274648. ISBN 978-1-349-36383-4.
Álvarez 1999, p. 81. Álvarez, José E. (1999). "Between Gallipoli and D-Day: Alhucemas, 1925". The Journal of Military History. 63 (1): 97. doi:10.2307/120334. JSTOR 120334.
Álvarez 1999, pp. 82–83. Álvarez, José E. (1999). "Between Gallipoli and D-Day: Alhucemas, 1925". The Journal of Military History. 63 (1): 97. doi:10.2307/120334. JSTOR 120334.
Álvarez 1999, p. 97. Álvarez, José E. (1999). "Between Gallipoli and D-Day: Alhucemas, 1925". The Journal of Military History. 63 (1): 97. doi:10.2307/120334. JSTOR 120334.
Chandler, James A. (April 1975). "Spain and Her Moroccan Protectorate 1898–1927". Journal of Contemporary History. 10 (2): 301–322. doi:10.1177/002200947501000205. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260149. S2CID 159817508.
Jackson 1959, p. 290. Jackson, Gabriel (1959). "The Azaña Regime in Perspective (Spain, 1931–1933)". The American Historical Review. 64 (2): 282–300. doi:10.2307/1845444. ISSN 0002-8762. JSTOR 1845444.
Jackson 1959, pp. 282–300. Jackson, Gabriel (1959). "The Azaña Regime in Perspective (Spain, 1931–1933)". The American Historical Review. 64 (2): 282–300. doi:10.2307/1845444. ISSN 0002-8762. JSTOR 1845444.
Pérez-Artés, Mari Carmen; Baten, Joerg (2021). "Land inequality and numeracy in Spain during the seventeenth and eighteenth century". Historia Agraria (83): 7–39. doi:10.26882/histagrar.083e08p. hdl:10234/194230. S2CID 233531248.
Alpert, Michael (2017-05-15), "The Clash of Spanish Armies: Contrasting Ways of War in Spain, 1936–1939", Warfare in Europe 1919—1938, Routledge, pp. 341–362, doi:10.4324/9781315234335-14, ISBN 9781315234335, retrieved 2022-08-17
Martín-Estudillo, Luis (2018). The Rise of Euroskepticism. Vanderbilt University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctv1675bt7. ISBN 978-0-8265-2196-5.

dx.doi.org

Kamen, Henry (1978). "The Decline of Spain: A Historical Myth?". Past and Present (81): 24–50. doi:10.1093/past/81.1.24. ISSN 0031-2746.
Church, William F.; Wolf, John B. (July 1952). "The Emergence of the Great Powers, 1685–1715". The American Historical Review. 57 (4): 956. doi:10.2307/1844260. ISSN 0002-8762. JSTOR 1844260.
Kamen, Henry (2017). Philip of Spain. doi:10.12987/9780300184266. ISBN 978-0-300-18426-6.
Ford, Franklin L. (2014-01-21). Europe 1780–1830. p. 32. doi:10.4324/9781315836461. ISBN 9781317870951.
Sturgill, Claude C.; Esdaile, Charles (November 1989). "The Spanish Army in the Peninsular War". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 69 (4): 755. doi:10.2307/2516106. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2516106.
Blanco, Richard L.; Gates, David (October 1988). "The Spanish Ulcer, A History of the Peninsular War". Military Affairs. 52 (4): 221. doi:10.2307/1988459. ISSN 0026-3931. JSTOR 1988459.
Payne, Stanley G.; Beck, Earl R. (February 1980). "A Time of Triumph and Sorrow: Spanish Politics during the Reign of Alfonso XII, 1874–1885". The History Teacher. 13 (2): 305. doi:10.2307/491971. ISSN 0018-2745. JSTOR 491971.
Offner, John L. "An Unwanted War: The Diplomacy of the United States and Spain over Cuba, 1895–1898". The SHAFR Guide Online. doi:10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim040130024. Retrieved 2022-08-17.
Ramsden, H. (March 1974). "The Spanish 'Generation of 1898': I. The history of a concept". Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. 56 (2): 463–491. doi:10.7227/bjrl.56.2.10. ISSN 2054-9326.
Jensen, Geoffrey (October 1999). "Moral Strength Through Material Defeat? The Consequences of 1898 for Spanish Military Culture". War & Society. 17 (2): 25–39. doi:10.1179/072924799791201489. ISSN 0729-2473. PMID 22593976.
Chandler, James A. (April 1975). "Spain and Her Moroccan Protectorate 1898–1927". Journal of Contemporary History. 10 (2): 301–322. doi:10.1177/002200947501000205. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260149. S2CID 159817508.
Alpert, Michael (2017-05-15), "The Clash of Spanish Armies: Contrasting Ways of War in Spain, 1936–1939", Warfare in Europe 1919—1938, Routledge, pp. 341–362, doi:10.4324/9781315234335-14, ISBN 9781315234335, retrieved 2022-08-17

economist.com

"Rajoy unconfined?". The Economist. February 2, 2013. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2022-08-17.

ehes.org

Santiago-Caballero, Carlos; Prados de la Escosura, Leandro (April 2018). "The Napoleonic Wars: A Watershed in Spanish History?" (PDF). EHES Working Papers in Economic History No. 1. European Historical Economics Society. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 April 2018. Retrieved 29 April 2018.

elpais.com

english.elpais.com

Ansede, Manuel (2018-10-04). "The invasion that wiped out every man from Spain 4,500 years ago". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 2020-05-11.

falternativas.org

"La nueva emigración española. Lo que sabemos y lo que no". Fundación Alternativas. 2013 (18). Archived from the original on 2015-04-05. Retrieved 2014-04-11.

gutenberg.org

Graetz 1894, p. 44. Graetz, Heinrich (1894). History of the Jews. Vol. 3. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America. ASIN B000JRBM60.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Pérez-Artés, Mari Carmen; Baten, Joerg (2021). "Land inequality and numeracy in Spain during the seventeenth and eighteenth century". Historia Agraria (83): 7–39. doi:10.26882/histagrar.083e08p. hdl:10234/194230. S2CID 233531248.

ibtimes.com

Zhang, Moran (January 23, 2013). "Spanish Economy Sinks Further Into Recession, Q4 GDP Down 0.6% Quarterly: Bank of Spain". International Business Times.
Zhang, Moran (2013-01-23). "Spain's Recession Deepens, Bailout 'Inevitable'". International Business Times. Retrieved 2022-08-17.

isipedia.com

derecho.isipedia.com

"Las fuentes del Derecho Visigodo (I)". Derecho UNED. isipedia.com. Archived from the original on 2021-09-24. Retrieved 2022-08-17.

jewishencyclopedia.com

Gottheil, Richard; Kayserling, Meyer (1906). "Granada – JewishEncyclopedia.com". jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-08-17.

jstor.org

Marín-Guzmán 1991, pp. 41–42. Marín-Guzmán, Roberto (1991). "Ethnic groups and social classes in Muslim Spain". Islamic Studies. 30 (1/2): 37–66. ISSN 0578-8072. JSTOR 20840024.
Marín-Guzmán 1991, p. 43. Marín-Guzmán, Roberto (1991). "Ethnic groups and social classes in Muslim Spain". Islamic Studies. 30 (1/2): 37–66. ISSN 0578-8072. JSTOR 20840024.
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