Hornung, Erik (1999) History of Ancient Egypt: An Introduction Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. xv; 52–54; xvii-xviii; 128–133. ISBN9780801484759. In 818 the ruling Bubastid house split, both of its Berber Meshwesh branches continuing to rule, one later called the 23rd Dynasty. (Hornung (1999) page 131.
F. De Medeiros (1988). "The peoples of the Sudan: population movements". In M. Elfasi, Ivan Hrbek (ed.). Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century. Unesco International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa. UNESCO. pp. 226–227. ISBN978-92-3-101709-4.
The Palermo Stone (named for the Museo Archeologico Regionale in Palermo, where much of it is kept), also called the Libyan Stone, contains a list of the earliest pharaohs up to the Fifth dynasty of Egypt (2487–2348) as well as about fifty prior rulers. Some consider these fifty earlier rulers to be Libyan Berbers, from whom the pharaohs derived. Helene F. Hagan, "Book Review"Archived 2008-12-09 at the Wayback Machine of Brett and Fentress, The Berbers (1996), at paragraph "a".
The Palermo Stone (named for the Museo Archeologico Regionale in Palermo, where much of it is kept), also called the Libyan Stone, contains a list of the earliest pharaohs up to the Fifth dynasty of Egypt (2487–2348) as well as about fifty prior rulers. Some consider these fifty earlier rulers to be Libyan Berbers, from whom the pharaohs derived. Helene F. Hagan, "Book Review"Archived 2008-12-09 at the Wayback Machine of Brett and Fentress, The Berbers (1996), at paragraph "a".
