History of Turkey (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "History of Turkey" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

39web.archive.org

1^st place

21books.google.com

3^rd place

21doi.org

2^nd place

4nih.gov

4^th place

3bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

2jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

2metmuseum.org

983^rd place

751^st place

2harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

2historyfiles.co.uk

6,962^nd place

4,624^th place

2archive.org

6^th place

2bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

2aljazeera.com

268^th place

215^th place

1loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

1ushistory.org

6,795^th place

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1mit.edu

415^th place

327^th place

1wsu.edu

3,088^th place

2,250^th place

1washington.edu

1,067^th place

749^th place

1iranica.com

5,960^th place

low place

1silk-road.com

low place

1yeniturkiye.com

low place

1byegm.gov.tr

7,148^th place

4,647^th place

1chinaknowledge.de

8,380^th place

5,807^th place

1davidmus.dk

low place

1niod.nl

low place

1byu.edu

1,687^th place

1,074^th place

1nlb.gov.sg

1,268^th place

772^nd place

1chroniknet.de

low place

1dergipark.org.tr

1,543^rd place

4,480^th place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

1bianet.org

3,036^th place

5,507^th place

1abc.net.au

139^th place

108^th place

1theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

1euronews.com

612^th place

921^st place

1pulitzercenter.org

low place

9,457^th place

1al-monitor.com

2,675^th place

2,028^th place

1multeciler.org.tr

low place

1foreignpolicy.com

1,116^th place

790^th place

abc.net.au

"Who was the Ankara assassin?". ABC News. 20 December 2016. Archived from the original on 19 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.

al-monitor.com

Airport, Turkish Airlines planes are parked at the new Istanbul (24 July 2023). "Russian migration to Turkey spikes by 218% in aftermath of Ukraine war - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East". www.al-monitor.com.

aljazeera.com

"MBS approved operation to capture or kill Khashoggi: US report". Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
Wilks, Andrew. "Turkey's Erdogan celebrates presidential election run-off win". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.

archive.org

Jay Shaw, Stanford; Kural Shaw, Ezel (1977). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29163-7.
Hale, William Mathew (1994). Turkish Politics and the Military. Routledge, UK. ISBN 978-0-415-02455-6.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Timeline: Cyprus". British Broadcasting Corporation. 12 December 2006. Archived from the original on 16 December 2006. Retrieved 25 December 2006.
"Turkey's PKK peace plan delayed". BBC. 10 November 2009. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2010.

bbc.com

"Recep Tayyip Erdogan wins Turkish presidential election". BBC News. 10 August 2014. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
"Turkey's coup attempt: What you need to know". BBC News. 16 July 2016. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
"Turkey election: Erdogan wins re-election as president". BBC News. 24 June 2018. Archived from the original on 13 December 2020. Retrieved 25 November 2022.

bianet.org

"25th Anniversary of Gazi Massacre Marked". bianet.org.

books.google.com

Douglas Arthur Howard (2001). The History of Turkey. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30708-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 25 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Chacon, Richard J.; Mendoza, Rubén G. (2017). Feast, Famine or Fighting?: Multiple Pathways to Social Complexity. Springer. p. 120. ISBN 9783319484020.
Howard 2016, p. 26 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, pp. 26–27 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 27 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 28 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Joseph Roisman, Ian Worthington. "A companion to Ancient Macedonia" John Wiley & Sons, 2011. ISBN 144435163X pp 135-138, p 343
D. M. Lewis; John Boardman (1994). The Cambridge Ancient History. Cambridge University Press. p. 444. ISBN 978-0-521-23348-4. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
Xenophon (8 September 2005). The Expedition of Cyrus. ISBN 9780191605048. Archived from the original on 5 September 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
Sharon R. Steadman; Gregory McMahon (15 September 2011). The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia: (10,000-323 BCE). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-537614-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
David Noel Freedman; Allen C. Myers; Astrid Biles Beck (2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8028-2400-4. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Theo van den Hout (27 October 2011). The Elements of Hittite. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-139-50178-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Howard 2016, p. 30 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Maas, Michael (2015). The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Attila. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-02175-4. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
Heper, Metin; Criss, Nur Bilge (2009). Historical Dictionary of Turkey. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6281-4. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
Clogg, Richard (2002). A Concise History of Greece. Cambridge University Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-521-00479-4. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
Gerhard Bowering; Patricia Crone; Wadad Kadi; Devin J. Stewart; Muhammad Qasim Zaman; Mahan Mirza (2012). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought. Princeton University Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-4008-3855-4. Retrieved 14 August 2013. Following the revolution, Mustafa Kemal became an important figure in the military ranks of the Ottoman Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) as a protégé ... Although the sultanate had already been abolished in November 1922, the republic was founded in October 1923. ... ambitious reform programme aimed at the creation of a modern, secular state and the construction of a new identity for its citizens.
Hassan, Mona (10 January 2017). Longing for the Lost Caliphate: A Transregional History. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-8371-4. Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
Huston, James A. (1988). Outposts and Allies: U.S. Army Logistics in the Cold War, 1945–1953. Susquehanna University Press. ISBN 978-0-941664-84-4. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2020.

byegm.gov.tr

"An outline of Turkish History until 1923". byegm.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

byu.edu

net.lib.byu.edu

"The Treaty of Sèvres, 1920". Harold B. Library, Brigham Young University. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2020.

chinaknowledge.de

Theobald, Ulrich. "Xiongnu 匈奴 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

chroniknet.de

"Tageseinträge für 14. Oktober 1935". chroniknet. Retrieved 16 April 2024.

davidmus.dk

"The Seljuks of Rum". davidmus. Retrieved 21 November 2023.

dergipark.org.tr

Atatürk Döneminde Masonluk ve Masonlarla İlişkilere Dair Bazı Arşiv Belgeleri by Kemal Özcan

doi.org

Casson, Lionel (1977). "The Thracians" (PDF). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 35 (1): 2–6. doi:10.2307/3258667. JSTOR 3258667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
Bellwood 2022, p. 224 Bellwood, Peter (2022). The Five-Million-Year Odyssey. Princeton University Press. doi:10.1515/9780691236339. ISBN 978-0-691-19757-9.
Bellwood 2022, p. 229 Bellwood, Peter (2022). The Five-Million-Year Odyssey. Princeton University Press. doi:10.1515/9780691236339. ISBN 978-0-691-19757-9.
Bellwood 2022, p. 229 Bellwood, Peter (2022). The Five-Million-Year Odyssey. Princeton University Press. doi:10.1515/9780691236339. ISBN 978-0-691-19757-9.
Kılınç, Gülşah Merve; Omrak, Ayça; Özer, Füsun; Günther, Torsten; Büyükkarakaya, Ali Metin; Bıçakçı, Erhan; Baird, Douglas; Dönertaş, Handan Melike; Ghalichi, Ayshin; Yaka, Reyhan; Koptekin, Dilek; Açan, Sinan Can; Parvizi, Poorya; Krzewińska, Maja; Daskalaki, Evangelia A. (June 2016). "The Demographic Development of the First Farmers in Anatolia". Current Biology. 26 (19): 2659–2666. Bibcode:2016CBio...26.2659K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.057. PMC 5069350. PMID 27498567.
Lipson, Mark; Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna; Mallick, Swapan; Pósa, Annamária; Stégmár, Balázs; Keerl, Victoria; Rohland, Nadin; Stewardson, Kristin; Ferry, Matthew; Michel, Megan; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Harney, Eadaoin; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Llamas, Bastien (November 2017). "Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers". Nature. 551 (7680): 368–372. Bibcode:2017Natur.551..368L. doi:10.1038/nature24476. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 5973800. PMID 29144465.
Steadman 2012, p. 234 Steadman, Sharon. "The Early Bronze Age on the Plateau". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 229–259. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0010
Michel 2012, p. 327 Michel, Cécile. "The Kārum Period on the Plateau". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 313–336. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0013
Beckman 2012, p. 522 Beckman, Gary. "The Hittite Language: Recovery and Grammatical Sketch". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 517–533. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0022
Heggarty, Paul (2021). "Cognacy Databases and Phylogenetic Research on Indo-European". Annual Review of Linguistics. 7: 371–394. doi:10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030507.
Bellwood 2022, p. 242 Bellwood, Peter (2022). The Five-Million-Year Odyssey. Princeton University Press. doi:10.1515/9780691236339. ISBN 978-0-691-19757-9.
Melchert 2012, p. 713 Melchert, H. Craig. "Indo-Europeans". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 704–716. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0031
Jablonka 2012, pp. 724–726 Jablonka, Peter. "Troy in Regional and International Context". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 717–733. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0032
McMahon 2012, p. 17 McMahon, Gregory. "The Land and Peoples of Anatolia through Ancient Eyes". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 15–33. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0002
Yakubovich 2012, p. 538 Yakubovich, Ilya. "Luwian and the Luwians". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 534–547. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0023
Zimansky 2012, p. 552 Zimansky, Paul. "Urartian and the Urartians". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 548–559. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0024
Radner 2012, pp. 738–739 Radner, Karen. "Assyrians and Urartians". In McMahon & Steadman (2012), pp. 734–751. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376142.013.0033
Jackson, P. (2002). "Review: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens: The History of the Seljuq Turkmens". Journal of Islamic Studies. 13 (1). Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies: 75–76. doi:10.1093/jis/13.1.75.
Bjørnlund, Matthias (2008). "The 1914 cleansing of Aegean Greeks as a case of violent Turkification". Journal of Genocide Research. 10 (1): 41–58. doi:10.1080/14623520701850286.
Darwin, J. G. (February 1980). "The Chanak Crisis and the British Cabinet". History. 65 (213): 32–48. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1980.tb02082.x.
Soner Çağaptay (2002). "Reconfiguring the Turkish nation in the 1930s". Nationalism and Ethnic Politics. 8 (2). Yale University: 67–82. doi:10.1080/13537110208428662. S2CID 143855822.

euronews.com

"Turkey is now Türkiye: What other countries have changed their name?". euronews. 28 June 2022. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.

foreignpolicy.com

Sharp, Alexandra (11 April 2024). "Turkey's Opposition Wins 'Historic Victory' in Local Elections". Foreign Policy.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Kılınç, Gülşah Merve; Omrak, Ayça; Özer, Füsun; Günther, Torsten; Büyükkarakaya, Ali Metin; Bıçakçı, Erhan; Baird, Douglas; Dönertaş, Handan Melike; Ghalichi, Ayshin; Yaka, Reyhan; Koptekin, Dilek; Açan, Sinan Can; Parvizi, Poorya; Krzewińska, Maja; Daskalaki, Evangelia A. (June 2016). "The Demographic Development of the First Farmers in Anatolia". Current Biology. 26 (19): 2659–2666. Bibcode:2016CBio...26.2659K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.057. PMC 5069350. PMID 27498567.
Lipson, Mark; Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna; Mallick, Swapan; Pósa, Annamária; Stégmár, Balázs; Keerl, Victoria; Rohland, Nadin; Stewardson, Kristin; Ferry, Matthew; Michel, Megan; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Harney, Eadaoin; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Llamas, Bastien (November 2017). "Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers". Nature. 551 (7680): 368–372. Bibcode:2017Natur.551..368L. doi:10.1038/nature24476. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 5973800. PMID 29144465.

historyfiles.co.uk

Kessler, P L. "An Introduction to the Turkic Tribes". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Kessler, P L. "The Origins of the Huns". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

iranica.com

"Etienne de la Vaissiere", Encyclopædia Iranica article:Sogdian Trade Archived 2009-12-20 at the Wayback Machine, 1 December 2004.

jstor.org

Casson, Lionel (1977). "The Thracians" (PDF). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 35 (1): 2–6. doi:10.2307/3258667. JSTOR 3258667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
A. C. Edwards, "The Impact of the War on Turkey," International Affairs (1946) 22#3 pp. 389-400 in JSTOR Archived 2016-12-22 at the Wayback Machine

loc.gov

lcweb2.loc.gov

"About this Collection – Country Studies". loc.gov. Archived from the original on 12 August 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

metmuseum.org

Casson, Lionel (1977). "The Thracians" (PDF). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 35 (1): 2–6. doi:10.2307/3258667. JSTOR 3258667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (October 2000). "Anatolia and the Caucasus (Asia Minor), 1000 B.C. – 1 A.D. in Timeline of Art History.". New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 14 December 2006. Retrieved 21 December 2006.

mit.edu

classics.mit.edu

Herodotus. Histories, Book V Archived 2013-10-01 at the Wayback Machine.

multeciler.org.tr

"Number of Syrians in Turkey July 2023 – Refugees Association". multeciler.org.tr.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kılınç, Gülşah Merve; Omrak, Ayça; Özer, Füsun; Günther, Torsten; Büyükkarakaya, Ali Metin; Bıçakçı, Erhan; Baird, Douglas; Dönertaş, Handan Melike; Ghalichi, Ayshin; Yaka, Reyhan; Koptekin, Dilek; Açan, Sinan Can; Parvizi, Poorya; Krzewińska, Maja; Daskalaki, Evangelia A. (June 2016). "The Demographic Development of the First Farmers in Anatolia". Current Biology. 26 (19): 2659–2666. Bibcode:2016CBio...26.2659K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.057. PMC 5069350. PMID 27498567.
Lipson, Mark; Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna; Mallick, Swapan; Pósa, Annamária; Stégmár, Balázs; Keerl, Victoria; Rohland, Nadin; Stewardson, Kristin; Ferry, Matthew; Michel, Megan; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Harney, Eadaoin; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Llamas, Bastien (November 2017). "Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers". Nature. 551 (7680): 368–372. Bibcode:2017Natur.551..368L. doi:10.1038/nature24476. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 5973800. PMID 29144465.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kılınç, Gülşah Merve; Omrak, Ayça; Özer, Füsun; Günther, Torsten; Büyükkarakaya, Ali Metin; Bıçakçı, Erhan; Baird, Douglas; Dönertaş, Handan Melike; Ghalichi, Ayshin; Yaka, Reyhan; Koptekin, Dilek; Açan, Sinan Can; Parvizi, Poorya; Krzewińska, Maja; Daskalaki, Evangelia A. (June 2016). "The Demographic Development of the First Farmers in Anatolia". Current Biology. 26 (19): 2659–2666. Bibcode:2016CBio...26.2659K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.057. PMC 5069350. PMID 27498567.
Lipson, Mark; Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna; Mallick, Swapan; Pósa, Annamária; Stégmár, Balázs; Keerl, Victoria; Rohland, Nadin; Stewardson, Kristin; Ferry, Matthew; Michel, Megan; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Harney, Eadaoin; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Llamas, Bastien (November 2017). "Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers". Nature. 551 (7680): 368–372. Bibcode:2017Natur.551..368L. doi:10.1038/nature24476. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 5973800. PMID 29144465.

niod.nl

Üngör, Uğur Ümit (2012). "The Armenian Genocide, 1915" (PDF). Holocaust and Other Genocides (PDF). NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies / Amsterdam University Press. pp. 45–72. ISBN 978-90-4851-528-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 3 July 2021.

nlb.gov.sg

eresources.nlb.gov.sg

"TURKISH BAN ON FREEMASONS. All Lodges To Be Abolished". Malaya Tribune, 14 October 1935, p. 5. The Government has decided to abolish all Masonic lodges in Turkey on the ground that Masonic principles are incompatible with nationalistic policy.

pulitzercenter.org

"Uncertain Futures: Ukrainian Refugees in Turkey, One Year On". pulitzercenter.org. Retrieved 11 May 2023.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Soner Çağaptay (2002). "Reconfiguring the Turkish nation in the 1930s". Nationalism and Ethnic Politics. 8 (2). Yale University: 67–82. doi:10.1080/13537110208428662. S2CID 143855822.

silk-road.com

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web.archive.org

"About this Collection – Country Studies". loc.gov. Archived from the original on 12 August 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Douglas Arthur Howard (2001). The History of Turkey. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30708-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
Casson, Lionel (1977). "The Thracians" (PDF). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 35 (1): 2–6. doi:10.2307/3258667. JSTOR 3258667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
ushistory.org. "The Fall of the Roman Empire [ushistory.org]". www.ushistory.org. Archived from the original on 20 March 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
D. M. Lewis; John Boardman (1994). The Cambridge Ancient History. Cambridge University Press. p. 444. ISBN 978-0-521-23348-4. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
Xenophon (8 September 2005). The Expedition of Cyrus. ISBN 9780191605048. Archived from the original on 5 September 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
Herodotus. Histories, Book V Archived 2013-10-01 at the Wayback Machine.
Hooker, Richard (6 June 1999). "Ancient Greece: The Persian Wars". Washington State University, Washington, United States. Archived from the original on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 22 December 2006.
Sharon R. Steadman; Gregory McMahon (15 September 2011). The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia: (10,000-323 BCE). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-537614-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (October 2000). "Anatolia and the Caucasus (Asia Minor), 1000 B.C. – 1 A.D. in Timeline of Art History.". New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 14 December 2006. Retrieved 21 December 2006.
David Noel Freedman; Allen C. Myers; Astrid Biles Beck (2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8028-2400-4. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Theo van den Hout (27 October 2011). The Elements of Hittite. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-139-50178-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Maas, Michael (2015). The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Attila. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-02175-4. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
Daniel C. Waugh (2004). "Constantinople/Istanbul". University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Archived from the original on 17 September 2006. Retrieved 26 December 2006.
"Etienne de la Vaissiere", Encyclopædia Iranica article:Sogdian Trade Archived 2009-12-20 at the Wayback Machine, 1 December 2004.
Silk-Road:Xiongnu Archived 2015-04-24 at the Wayback Machine
"Yeni Turkiye Research and Publishing Center". www.yeniturkiye.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Kessler, P L. "An Introduction to the Turkic Tribes". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
"Early Turkish History". Archived from the original on 27 October 2009. Retrieved 5 February 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"An outline of Turkish History until 1923". byegm.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Theobald, Ulrich. "Xiongnu 匈奴 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Kessler, P L. "The Origins of the Huns". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Üngör, Uğur Ümit (2012). "The Armenian Genocide, 1915" (PDF). Holocaust and Other Genocides (PDF). NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies / Amsterdam University Press. pp. 45–72. ISBN 978-90-4851-528-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2021. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
Heper, Metin; Criss, Nur Bilge (2009). Historical Dictionary of Turkey. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6281-4. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
"The Treaty of Sèvres, 1920". Harold B. Library, Brigham Young University. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
Clogg, Richard (2002). A Concise History of Greece. Cambridge University Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-521-00479-4. Archived from the original on 28 March 2024. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
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