History of neuroscience (English Wikipedia)

Colgan, Richard (19 September 2009). Advice to the Young Physician: On the Art of Medicine. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-4419-1034-9. Avicenna is known as the father of early modern medicine.

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

"Sir Charles Scott Sherrington". Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 31 July 2012.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Al-Rodhan, N. R.; Fox, J. L. (1986-07-01). "Al-Zahrawi and Arabian neurosurgery, 936–1013 AD". Surgical Neurology. 26 (1): 92–95. doi:10.1016/0090-3019(86)90070-4. ISSN 0090-3019. PMID 3520907.
Aciduman, Ahmet; Arda, Berna; Ozaktürk, Fatma G.; Telatar, Umit F. (2009-07-01). "What does Al-Qanun Fi Al-Tibb (the Canon of Medicine) say on head injuries?". Neurosurgical Review. 32 (3): 255–263, discussion 263. doi:10.1007/s10143-009-0205-5. ISSN 1437-2320. PMID 19437052. S2CID 3540440.
Nanda, Anil; Khan, Imad Saeed; Apuzzo, Michael L. (2016-03-01). "Renaissance Neurosurgery: Italy's Iconic Contributions". World Neurosurgery. 87: 647–655. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2015.11.016. ISSN 1878-8769. PMID 26585723.
Di Ieva, Antonio; Tschabitscher, Manfred; Prada, Francesco; Gaetani, Paolo; Aimar, Enrico; Pisano, Patrizia; Levi, Daniel; Nicassio, Nicola; Serra, Salvatore (2007-01-01). "The neuroanatomical plates of Guido da Vigevano". Neurosurgical Focus. 23 (1) E15. doi:10.3171/foc.2007.23.1.15 (inactive 12 July 2025). ISSN 1092-0684. PMID 17961048.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Cobb M (2002). "Timeline: Exorcizing the animal spirits: Jan Swammerdam on nerve function" (PDF). Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 3 (5): 395–400. doi:10.1038/nrn806. PMID 11988778. S2CID 5259824. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-05-15.
Bruce Fye, W. (1995). "Julien Jean César Legallois". Clinical Cardiology. 18 (10): 599–600. doi:10.1002/clc.4960181015. PMID 8785909.
Rengachary, Setti S.; Lee, Jonathan; Guthikonda, Murali (July 2008). "Medicosocial problems engendered with the discovery of the Bell–Magendie Law". Neurosurgery. 63 (1): 164–171, discussion 171–172. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000335083.93093.06. ISSN 1524-4040. PMID 18728581.
Fine, Edward J.; Ionita, Catalina C.; Lohr, Linda (2002). "The History of the Development of the Cerebellar Examination". Seminars in Neurology. 22 (4): 375–384. doi:10.1055/s-2002-36759. PMID 12539058. S2CID 260317107.
Macmillan, Malcolm (2001-08-01). "John Martyn Harlow: Obscure Country Physician?". Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 10 (2): 149–162. doi:10.1076/jhin.10.2.149.7254. ISSN 0964-704X. PMID 11512426. S2CID 341061.
Fishman, Ronald S. (1995). "Brain wars: Passion and conflict in the localization of vision in the brain". Documenta Ophthalmologica. 89 (1–2): 173–184. doi:10.1007/BF01203410. ISSN 0012-4486. PMID 7555576. S2CID 30623856.
Cushing, Harvey (1 May 1909). "A Note Upon the Faradic Stimulation of the Postcentral Gyrus in Conscious Patients.1". Brain. 32 (1): 44–53. doi:10.1093/brain/32.1.44. ISSN 0006-8950.
Langley, J. N. (1898-07-26). "On the Union of Cranial Autonomic (Visceral) Fibres with the Nerve Cells of the Superior Cervical Ganglion". The Journal of Physiology. 23 (3): 240–270. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1898.sp000726. ISSN 0022-3751. PMC 1516595. PMID 16992456.
Langley J.N. (1905). "On the reaction of cells and of nerve-endings to certain poisons, chiefly as regards the reaction of striated muscle to nicotine and to curari". J Physiol. 33 (4–5): 374–413. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1905.sp001128. PMC 1465797. PMID 16992819.
Maehle A.-H. (2004). ""Receptive Substances": John Newport Langley (1852–1925) and his Path to a Receptor Theory of Drug Action". Med Hist. 48 (2): 153–174. doi:10.1017/s0025727300000090. PMC 546337. PMID 15151102.
Jellinger, K. A. (2006). "A short history of neurosciences in Austria". Journal of Neural Transmission. 113 (3): 271–282. doi:10.1007/s00702-005-0400-7. ISSN 0300-9564. PMID 16453085. S2CID 8587101.
Windholz, George (1997). "Ivan P. Pavlov: An overview of his life and psychological work". American Psychologist. 52 (9): 941–946. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.52.9.941.
Bozhkova, Elena (2018). "Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev". The Lancet Neurology. 17 (9): 744. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30336-8. PMID 28964703. S2CID 33468445.
Graham-Brown, T. (1911). "The intrinsic factors in the act of progression in the mammal". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B. 84 (572): 308–319. Bibcode:1911RSPSB..84..308B. doi:10.1098/rspb.1911.0077.
Whelan PJ (December 2003). "Developmental aspects of spinal locomotor function: insights from using the in vitro mouse spinal cord preparation". J. Physiol. 553 (Pt 3): 695–706. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.046219. PMC 2343637. PMID 14528025.
O. Loewi (1921). "Über humorale Übertragbarkeit der Herznervenwirkung. I. Mitteilung". Pflügers Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie des Menschen und der Tiere. 189: 239–242. doi:10.1007/BF01738910. S2CID 52828335.
O. Loewi (1936). "Quantitative und qualitative Untersuchungen über den Sympathicusstoff". Pflügers Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie des Menschen und der Tiere. 237: 504–514. doi:10.1007/BF01753035. S2CID 41787500.
Bernstein, J (1902). "Untersuchungen zur Thermodynamik der bioelektrischen Ströme". Pflügers Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie. 92 (10–12): 521–562. doi:10.1007/BF01790181. S2CID 33229139.
Frank, Robert G. (1994-01-01). "Instruments, Nerve Action, and the All-or-None Principle". Osiris. 9 (1): 208–235. doi:10.1086/368737. ISSN 0369-7827. PMID 11613429. S2CID 44843051.
Garson, Justin (March 2015). "The Birth of Information in the Brain: Edgar Adrian and the Vacuum Tube". Science in Context. 28 (1): 31–52. doi:10.1017/S0269889714000313. ISSN 0269-8897. PMID 25832569. S2CID 46670470.
Grant, Gunnar (2006). "The 1932 and 1944 Nobel Prizes in physiology or medicine: rewards for ground-breaking studies in neurophysiology". Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 15 (4): 341–357. doi:10.1080/09647040600638981. ISSN 0964-704X. PMID 16997762. S2CID 37676544.
Kumar, R.; Yeragani, V. K. (2011). "Penfield – A great explorer of psyche-soma-neuroscience". Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 53 (3): 276–278. doi:10.4103/0019-5545.86826. PMC 3221191. PMID 22135453.
Cazala, Fadwa; Vienney, Nicolas; Stoléru, Serge (2015-03-10). "The cortical sensory representation of genitalia in women and men: a systematic review". Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology. 5 26428. doi:10.3402/snp.v5.26428. PMC 4357265. PMID 25766001.
Cole KS (1939). "Electrical impedance of the squid giant axon during activity". J. Gen. Physiol. 22 (5): 649–670. doi:10.1085/jgp.22.5.649. PMC 2142006. PMID 19873125.
Von Gierke HE (1999). "David E. Goldman ● 1910–1998". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 106 (3): 1225–1226. Bibcode:1999ASAJ..106.1225V. doi:10.1121/1.428239.
Goldman DE (September 1943). "Potential, Impedance, and Rectification in Membranes". The Journal of General Physiology. 27 (1): 37–60. doi:10.1085/jgp.27.1.37. PMC 2142582. PMID 19873371.
Cowan, W.M.; Harter, D.H.; Kandel, E.R. (2000). "The emergence of modern neuroscience: Some implications for neurology and psychiatry". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 23: 345–346. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.343. PMID 10845068.
Fan, Xue; Markram, Henry (2019-05-07). "A Brief History of Simulation Neuroscience". Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. 13: 32. doi:10.3389/fninf.2019.00032. ISSN 1662-5196. PMC 6513977. PMID 31133838.
Kreft, G.; Kovacs, G. G.; Voigtländer, T.; Haberler, C.; Hainfellner, J. A.; Bernheimer, H.; Budka, H. (2008). "125th anniversary of the Institute of Neurology (Obersteiner Institute) in Vienna. "Germ Cell" of interdisciplinary neuroscience". Clinical Neuropathology. 27 (6): 439–443. doi:10.5414/NPP27439. ISSN 0722-5091. PMID 19130743.
Richter, J. (2000). "The brain commission of the international association of academies: the first international society of neurosciences". Brain Research Bulletin. 52 (6): 445–457. doi:10.1016/S0361-9230(00)00294-X. ISSN 0361-9230. PMID 10974483. S2CID 37851414.
Reynolds, Edward H. (2017-12-26). "The origins of the British Neuroscience Association". Neuroscience. 367: 10–14. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.057. ISSN 1873-7544. PMID 29066383. S2CID 38900823.
Rommelfanger, Karen S.; Jeong, Sung-Jin; Ema, Arisa; Fukushi, Tamami; Kasai, Kiyoto; Ramos, Khara M.; Salles, Arleen; Singh, Ilina; Amadio, Jordan (2018). "Neuroethics Questions to Guide Ethical Research in the International Brain Initiatives". Neuron. 100 (1): 19–36. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.021. PMID 30308169. S2CID 207222852.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Graham-Brown, T. (1911). "The intrinsic factors in the act of progression in the mammal". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B. 84 (572): 308–319. Bibcode:1911RSPSB..84..308B. doi:10.1098/rspb.1911.0077.
Von Gierke HE (1999). "David E. Goldman ● 1910–1998". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 106 (3): 1225–1226. Bibcode:1999ASAJ..106.1225V. doi:10.1121/1.428239.

janswammerdam.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Cobb M (2002). "Timeline: Exorcizing the animal spirits: Jan Swammerdam on nerve function" (PDF). Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 3 (5): 395–400. doi:10.1038/nrn806. PMID 11988778. S2CID 5259824. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-05-15.

jimc.ir (Global: low place; English: low place)

Roudgari, Hassan (28 December 2018). "Ibn Sina or Abu Ali Sina (ابن سینا c. 980 –1037) is often known by his Latin name of Avicenna (ævɪˈsɛnə/)". Journal of Iranian Medical Council. 1 (2): 0. ISSN 2645-338X. Avicenna was a Persian polymath and one of the most famous physicians from the Islamic Golden Age. He is known as the father of early modern medicine and his most famous work in Medicine called "The Book of Healing", which became a standard medical textbook at many European universities and remained in use up to the recent centuries.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

"Francis Gotch, D.Sc., F.R.S., Waynflete Professor Of Physiology In The University Of Oxford". The British Medical Journal. 2 (2742): 153–154. 1913. ISSN 0007-1447. JSTOR 25302312.

kavlifoundation.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"International Brain Initiative | The Kavli Foundation". www.kavlifoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2019-05-29.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Al-Rodhan, N. R.; Fox, J. L. (1986-07-01). "Al-Zahrawi and Arabian neurosurgery, 936–1013 AD". Surgical Neurology. 26 (1): 92–95. doi:10.1016/0090-3019(86)90070-4. ISSN 0090-3019. PMID 3520907.
Aciduman, Ahmet; Arda, Berna; Ozaktürk, Fatma G.; Telatar, Umit F. (2009-07-01). "What does Al-Qanun Fi Al-Tibb (the Canon of Medicine) say on head injuries?". Neurosurgical Review. 32 (3): 255–263, discussion 263. doi:10.1007/s10143-009-0205-5. ISSN 1437-2320. PMID 19437052. S2CID 3540440.
Saffari, Mohsen; Pakpour, Amir (1 December 2012). "Avicenna's Canon of Medicine: A Look at Health, Public Health, and Environmental Sanitation". Archives of Iranian Medicine. 15 (12): 785–9. PMID 23199255. Avicenna was a well-known Persian and a Muslim scientist who was considered to be the father of early modern medicine.
Nanda, Anil; Khan, Imad Saeed; Apuzzo, Michael L. (2016-03-01). "Renaissance Neurosurgery: Italy's Iconic Contributions". World Neurosurgery. 87: 647–655. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2015.11.016. ISSN 1878-8769. PMID 26585723.
Di Ieva, Antonio; Tschabitscher, Manfred; Prada, Francesco; Gaetani, Paolo; Aimar, Enrico; Pisano, Patrizia; Levi, Daniel; Nicassio, Nicola; Serra, Salvatore (2007-01-01). "The neuroanatomical plates of Guido da Vigevano". Neurosurgical Focus. 23 (1) E15. doi:10.3171/foc.2007.23.1.15 (inactive 12 July 2025). ISSN 1092-0684. PMID 17961048.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Van Laere, J. (1993). "Vesalius and the nervous system". Verhandelingen – Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van Belgie. 55 (6): 533–576. PMID 8209578.
Cobb M (2002). "Timeline: Exorcizing the animal spirits: Jan Swammerdam on nerve function" (PDF). Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 3 (5): 395–400. doi:10.1038/nrn806. PMID 11988778. S2CID 5259824. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-05-15.
Bruce Fye, W. (1995). "Julien Jean César Legallois". Clinical Cardiology. 18 (10): 599–600. doi:10.1002/clc.4960181015. PMID 8785909.
Rengachary, Setti S.; Lee, Jonathan; Guthikonda, Murali (July 2008). "Medicosocial problems engendered with the discovery of the Bell–Magendie Law". Neurosurgery. 63 (1): 164–171, discussion 171–172. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000335083.93093.06. ISSN 1524-4040. PMID 18728581.
Fine, Edward J.; Ionita, Catalina C.; Lohr, Linda (2002). "The History of the Development of the Cerebellar Examination". Seminars in Neurology. 22 (4): 375–384. doi:10.1055/s-2002-36759. PMID 12539058. S2CID 260317107.
Macmillan, Malcolm (2001-08-01). "John Martyn Harlow: Obscure Country Physician?". Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 10 (2): 149–162. doi:10.1076/jhin.10.2.149.7254. ISSN 0964-704X. PMID 11512426. S2CID 341061.
Fishman, Ronald S. (1995). "Brain wars: Passion and conflict in the localization of vision in the brain". Documenta Ophthalmologica. 89 (1–2): 173–184. doi:10.1007/BF01203410. ISSN 0012-4486. PMID 7555576. S2CID 30623856.
Langley, J. N. (1898-07-26). "On the Union of Cranial Autonomic (Visceral) Fibres with the Nerve Cells of the Superior Cervical Ganglion". The Journal of Physiology. 23 (3): 240–270. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1898.sp000726. ISSN 0022-3751. PMC 1516595. PMID 16992456.
Langley J.N. (1905). "On the reaction of cells and of nerve-endings to certain poisons, chiefly as regards the reaction of striated muscle to nicotine and to curari". J Physiol. 33 (4–5): 374–413. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1905.sp001128. PMC 1465797. PMID 16992819.
Maehle A.-H. (2004). ""Receptive Substances": John Newport Langley (1852–1925) and his Path to a Receptor Theory of Drug Action". Med Hist. 48 (2): 153–174. doi:10.1017/s0025727300000090. PMC 546337. PMID 15151102.
Jellinger, K. A. (2006). "A short history of neurosciences in Austria". Journal of Neural Transmission. 113 (3): 271–282. doi:10.1007/s00702-005-0400-7. ISSN 0300-9564. PMID 16453085. S2CID 8587101.
Bozhkova, Elena (2018). "Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev". The Lancet Neurology. 17 (9): 744. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30336-8. PMID 28964703. S2CID 33468445.
Whelan PJ (December 2003). "Developmental aspects of spinal locomotor function: insights from using the in vitro mouse spinal cord preparation". J. Physiol. 553 (Pt 3): 695–706. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.046219. PMC 2343637. PMID 14528025.
Frank, Robert G. (1994-01-01). "Instruments, Nerve Action, and the All-or-None Principle". Osiris. 9 (1): 208–235. doi:10.1086/368737. ISSN 0369-7827. PMID 11613429. S2CID 44843051.
Garson, Justin (March 2015). "The Birth of Information in the Brain: Edgar Adrian and the Vacuum Tube". Science in Context. 28 (1): 31–52. doi:10.1017/S0269889714000313. ISSN 0269-8897. PMID 25832569. S2CID 46670470.
Grant, Gunnar (2006). "The 1932 and 1944 Nobel Prizes in physiology or medicine: rewards for ground-breaking studies in neurophysiology". Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 15 (4): 341–357. doi:10.1080/09647040600638981. ISSN 0964-704X. PMID 16997762. S2CID 37676544.
Kumar, R.; Yeragani, V. K. (2011). "Penfield – A great explorer of psyche-soma-neuroscience". Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 53 (3): 276–278. doi:10.4103/0019-5545.86826. PMC 3221191. PMID 22135453.
Cazala, Fadwa; Vienney, Nicolas; Stoléru, Serge (2015-03-10). "The cortical sensory representation of genitalia in women and men: a systematic review". Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology. 5 26428. doi:10.3402/snp.v5.26428. PMC 4357265. PMID 25766001.
Cole KS (1939). "Electrical impedance of the squid giant axon during activity". J. Gen. Physiol. 22 (5): 649–670. doi:10.1085/jgp.22.5.649. PMC 2142006. PMID 19873125.
Goldman DE (September 1943). "Potential, Impedance, and Rectification in Membranes". The Journal of General Physiology. 27 (1): 37–60. doi:10.1085/jgp.27.1.37. PMC 2142582. PMID 19873371.
Cowan, W.M.; Harter, D.H.; Kandel, E.R. (2000). "The emergence of modern neuroscience: Some implications for neurology and psychiatry". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 23: 345–346. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.343. PMID 10845068.
Fan, Xue; Markram, Henry (2019-05-07). "A Brief History of Simulation Neuroscience". Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. 13: 32. doi:10.3389/fninf.2019.00032. ISSN 1662-5196. PMC 6513977. PMID 31133838.
Kreft, G.; Kovacs, G. G.; Voigtländer, T.; Haberler, C.; Hainfellner, J. A.; Bernheimer, H.; Budka, H. (2008). "125th anniversary of the Institute of Neurology (Obersteiner Institute) in Vienna. "Germ Cell" of interdisciplinary neuroscience". Clinical Neuropathology. 27 (6): 439–443. doi:10.5414/NPP27439. ISSN 0722-5091. PMID 19130743.
Richter, J. (2000). "The brain commission of the international association of academies: the first international society of neurosciences". Brain Research Bulletin. 52 (6): 445–457. doi:10.1016/S0361-9230(00)00294-X. ISSN 0361-9230. PMID 10974483. S2CID 37851414.
Reynolds, Edward H. (2017-12-26). "The origins of the British Neuroscience Association". Neuroscience. 367: 10–14. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.057. ISSN 1873-7544. PMID 29066383. S2CID 38900823.
Rommelfanger, Karen S.; Jeong, Sung-Jin; Ema, Arisa; Fukushi, Tamami; Kasai, Kiyoto; Ramos, Khara M.; Salles, Arleen; Singh, Ilina; Amadio, Jordan (2018). "Neuroethics Questions to Guide Ethical Research in the International Brain Initiatives". Neuron. 100 (1): 19–36. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.021. PMID 30308169. S2CID 207222852.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Langley, J. N. (1898-07-26). "On the Union of Cranial Autonomic (Visceral) Fibres with the Nerve Cells of the Superior Cervical Ganglion". The Journal of Physiology. 23 (3): 240–270. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1898.sp000726. ISSN 0022-3751. PMC 1516595. PMID 16992456.
Langley J.N. (1905). "On the reaction of cells and of nerve-endings to certain poisons, chiefly as regards the reaction of striated muscle to nicotine and to curari". J Physiol. 33 (4–5): 374–413. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1905.sp001128. PMC 1465797. PMID 16992819.
Maehle A.-H. (2004). ""Receptive Substances": John Newport Langley (1852–1925) and his Path to a Receptor Theory of Drug Action". Med Hist. 48 (2): 153–174. doi:10.1017/s0025727300000090. PMC 546337. PMID 15151102.
Whelan PJ (December 2003). "Developmental aspects of spinal locomotor function: insights from using the in vitro mouse spinal cord preparation". J. Physiol. 553 (Pt 3): 695–706. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.046219. PMC 2343637. PMID 14528025.
Kumar, R.; Yeragani, V. K. (2011). "Penfield – A great explorer of psyche-soma-neuroscience". Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 53 (3): 276–278. doi:10.4103/0019-5545.86826. PMC 3221191. PMID 22135453.
Cazala, Fadwa; Vienney, Nicolas; Stoléru, Serge (2015-03-10). "The cortical sensory representation of genitalia in women and men: a systematic review". Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology. 5 26428. doi:10.3402/snp.v5.26428. PMC 4357265. PMID 25766001.
Cole KS (1939). "Electrical impedance of the squid giant axon during activity". J. Gen. Physiol. 22 (5): 649–670. doi:10.1085/jgp.22.5.649. PMC 2142006. PMID 19873125.
Goldman DE (September 1943). "Potential, Impedance, and Rectification in Membranes". The Journal of General Physiology. 27 (1): 37–60. doi:10.1085/jgp.27.1.37. PMC 2142582. PMID 19873371.
Fan, Xue; Markram, Henry (2019-05-07). "A Brief History of Simulation Neuroscience". Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. 13: 32. doi:10.3389/fninf.2019.00032. ISSN 1662-5196. PMC 6513977. PMID 31133838.

nobelprize.org (Global: 301^st place; English: 478^th place)

""Sir Charles Sherrington – Nobel Lecture: Inhibition as a Coordinative Factor"". Retrieved 31 July 2012.

oup.com (Global: 485^th place; English: 440^th place)

academic.oup.com

Cushing, Harvey (1 May 1909). "A Note Upon the Faradic Stimulation of the Postcentral Gyrus in Conscious Patients.1". Brain. 32 (1): 44–53. doi:10.1093/brain/32.1.44. ISSN 0006-8950.

philpapers.org (Global: 1,865^th place; English: 1,260^th place)

Garson, Justin (March 2015). "The Birth of Information in the Brain: Edgar Adrian and the Vacuum Tube". Science in Context. 28 (1): 31–52. doi:10.1017/S0269889714000313. ISSN 0269-8897. PMID 25832569. S2CID 46670470.

princeton.edu (Global: 741^st place; English: 577^th place)

Gross, Charles G. (1987), "Neuroscience, Early History of", in Adelman, George (ed.), Encyclopedia of Neuroscience (PDF), Birkhauser Verlag AG, pp. 843–847, ISBN 978-3-7643-3333-1, retrieved 25 November 2013

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)

Saffari, Mohsen; Pakpour, Amir (1 December 2012). "Avicenna's Canon of Medicine: A Look at Health, Public Health, and Environmental Sanitation". Archives of Iranian Medicine. 15 (12): 785–9. PMID 23199255. Avicenna was a well-known Persian and a Muslim scientist who was considered to be the father of early modern medicine.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Aciduman, Ahmet; Arda, Berna; Ozaktürk, Fatma G.; Telatar, Umit F. (2009-07-01). "What does Al-Qanun Fi Al-Tibb (the Canon of Medicine) say on head injuries?". Neurosurgical Review. 32 (3): 255–263, discussion 263. doi:10.1007/s10143-009-0205-5. ISSN 1437-2320. PMID 19437052. S2CID 3540440.
Mohamed, Wael MY (December 2012). "Arab and Muslim Contributions to Modern Neuroscience" (PDF). IBRO History of Neuroscience: 255. S2CID 5805471. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-01.
Cobb M (2002). "Timeline: Exorcizing the animal spirits: Jan Swammerdam on nerve function" (PDF). Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 3 (5): 395–400. doi:10.1038/nrn806. PMID 11988778. S2CID 5259824. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-05-15.
Fine, Edward J.; Ionita, Catalina C.; Lohr, Linda (2002). "The History of the Development of the Cerebellar Examination". Seminars in Neurology. 22 (4): 375–384. doi:10.1055/s-2002-36759. PMID 12539058. S2CID 260317107.
Macmillan, Malcolm (2001-08-01). "John Martyn Harlow: Obscure Country Physician?". Journal of the History of the Neurosciences. 10 (2): 149–162. doi:10.1076/jhin.10.2.149.7254. ISSN 0964-704X. PMID 11512426. S2CID 341061.
Fishman, Ronald S. (1995). "Brain wars: Passion and conflict in the localization of vision in the brain". Documenta Ophthalmologica. 89 (1–2): 173–184. doi:10.1007/BF01203410. ISSN 0012-4486. PMID 7555576. S2CID 30623856.
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zenodo.org (Global: 621^st place; English: 380^th place)

Bernstein, J (1902). "Untersuchungen zur Thermodynamik der bioelektrischen Ströme". Pflügers Archiv für die gesamte Physiologie. 92 (10–12): 521–562. doi:10.1007/BF01790181. S2CID 33229139.

History of neuroscience (English Wikipedia)

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