History of the bicycle (English Wikipedia)

Di Trocchio, Federico (4 March 1999). "Il Falso Smascherato: Leonardo senza bici: Burla di un grande studioso" [The Fake Unmasked: Leonardo without a bike: Hoax of a great scholar]. L'Espresso (in Italian). p. 103. Archived from the original on 2004-01-14. Retrieved 24 April 2023.

ababmx.com

"History of BMX". Archived from the original on 2007-10-20. Retrieved 2007-10-14.

archive.org

Herlihy, David (2004). Bicycle: the History. Yale University Press. pp. 31, 62. ISBN 0-300-10418-9. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
Wilson, David Gordon; Jim Papadopoulos (2004). Bicycling Science (Third ed.). The MIT Press. pp. 31. ISBN 0-262-73154-1.

asahi.com

"High school kids build Edo Period tricycle out of home center buys".

bergerwerke.com

"History". www.bergerwerke.com. Retrieved December 3, 2019.

beyondthirtynine.com

Paratico, Angelo (15 February 2017). "Leonardo Da Vinci, the inventor of the modern bike". Beyond Thirty-Nine. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 29 March 2018.

bikecitizens.net

Gliemann, Jennifer (21 March 2017). "200th anniversary: How the bicycle changed society". Bike Citizens. Retrieved 29 March 2020.

biketcbc.org

Tony Anthonisen (January 14, 2011). "Recumbent Bicycles - A True Rider's Alternative!". Twin Cities Bicycling Club. Retrieved 2013-08-07.

britannica.com

"Britannica Online". Retrieved 2008-05-15.

cornell.edu

ruina.tam.cornell.edu

J. D. G. Kooijman; J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (April 15, 2011). "A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects" (PDF). Science. 332 (6027): 339–342. Bibcode:2011Sci...332..339K. doi:10.1126/science.1201959. PMID 21493856. S2CID 12296078. Retrieved 2011-04-16.

culture.pl

Kępa, Marek (December 21, 2017). "Fighting a War on Bicycles". culture.pl. Retrieved April 24, 2023.

cyclepublishing.com

Lessing, Hans-Erhard (1997). The evidence against Leonardo's bicycle. 8th International Conference on Cycling History. San Francisco. pp. 49–56. Retrieved 24 April 2023 – via cyclepublishing.com.

cyclinguk.org

"200 years since the father of the bicycle Baron Karl von Drais invented the 'running machine' | Cycling UK".

doi.org

J. D. G. Kooijman; J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (April 15, 2011). "A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects" (PDF). Science. 332 (6027): 339–342. Bibcode:2011Sci...332..339K. doi:10.1126/science.1201959. PMID 21493856. S2CID 12296078. Retrieved 2011-04-16.

dpma.de

"DPMA | World Day of the Bicycle".

electric-bicycle-guide.com

Electric Bicycle History

exploratorium.edu

"Frames & Materials". Science of Cycling. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
"Exploratorium". Retrieved 2008-05-15.

fatbmx.com

"University of BMX: BMX in Holland". Archived from the original on 2007-10-19. Retrieved 2007-10-14.

google.com

UK 3531, Hughes, John Henry, "Improvements in the bearings of bicycles and velocipedes or carriages (No. 3531, filed 1877-09-19, published 1877-10-12)", published 1877-10-12
Rinehart, Robert E. (2013). Inline Skating in Contemporary Sport: An Examination of Its Growth and Development. Rinehart. ISBN 9780473249892. Retrieved 2024-11-30.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

J. D. G. Kooijman; J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (April 15, 2011). "A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects" (PDF). Science. 332 (6027): 339–342. Bibcode:2011Sci...332..339K. doi:10.1126/science.1201959. PMID 21493856. S2CID 12296078. Retrieved 2011-04-16.

hathitrust.org

babel.hathitrust.org

Goddard, J. T. (1869). The velocipede: its history, varieties, and practice. New York: Hurd and Houghton. p. 85. OCLC 12320845. OCOLC 659342545 – via HathiTrust.

ibiblio.org

Headrick, Alan C. "Bicycle Blitzkrieg: The Malayan Campaign and the Fall of Singapore". ibiblio.org. Retrieved 24 April 2023.

irishtimes.com

Scally, Derek (10 June 2017). "World's first bicycle ride took place 200 years ago". The Irish Times. Retrieved 29 March 2020.

legnano.org

"On the Question of Leonardo's 'Bicycle'". legnano.org. 2009-07-11. Archived from the original on July 11, 2009. Retrieved 24 April 2023.

museogalileo.it

mostre.museogalileo.it

"The Land Boat".

newscientist.com

Knight, Jonathan (18 October 1997). "On yer bike, Leonardo". New Scientist. Retrieved 2021-07-25.
"Lessing, Hans-Erhard: "What Led to the Invention of the Early Bicycle?" Cycle History 11, San Francisco 2001, pp. 28–36".

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

J. D. G. Kooijman; J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (April 15, 2011). "A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects" (PDF). Science. 332 (6027): 339–342. Bibcode:2011Sci...332..339K. doi:10.1126/science.1201959. PMID 21493856. S2CID 12296078. Retrieved 2011-04-16.

patents.google.com

US634823A, Johnson, Isaac R., "Bicycle-frame", issued 1899-10-10

recumbents.com

wisil.recumbents.com

"WHPSC 2009 200 Meter Results". World Human Powered Speed Challenge. 2009. Archived from the original on 2013-08-11. Retrieved 2013-08-07.

schweinfurtfuehrer.de

"Schweinfurt Stadtgeschichtliches Museum".

sciencemuseum.org.uk

objectwiki.sciencemuseum.org.uk

"McCammon Safety Bicycle". The Science Museum. Archived from the original on 2012-05-15. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
"Whippet Safety Bicycle". The Science Museum. Archived from the original on 2015-05-26. Retrieved 2015-01-03.

scihi.org

"Karl Drais and the Mechanical Horse | SciHi Blog". 29 April 2018.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

J. D. G. Kooijman; J. P. Meijaard; J. M. Papadopoulos; A. Ruina; A. L. Schwab (April 15, 2011). "A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects" (PDF). Science. 332 (6027): 339–342. Bibcode:2011Sci...332..339K. doi:10.1126/science.1201959. PMID 21493856. S2CID 12296078. Retrieved 2011-04-16.

sheldonbrown.com

"Sheldon Brown Glossary High Wheeler". Retrieved 2008-05-15.

si.edu

amhistory.si.edu

"Van Anden Dexter Velocipede, 1869". National Museum of American History. Archived from the original on 8 November 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2013.

technomuses.ca

sciencetech.technomuses.ca

"Canada Science and Technology Museum: from Draisienne to Dandyhorse". Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
"The Velocipede - Pierre Michaux puts pedals to work". Canada Science and Technology Museum. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2018.

thegazette.co.uk

UK 3531, Hughes, John Henry, "Improvements in the bearings of bicycles and velocipedes or carriages (No. 3531, filed 1877-09-19, published 1877-10-12)", published 1877-10-12

thewheelmen.org

"The Wheelmen FAQ". Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2008-05-15.

uspto.gov

pdfpiw.uspto.gov

Anden, William van "Improvement in velocipedes" U.S. patent no. 88,238 (issued: 23 March 1869).

web.archive.org

Di Trocchio, Federico (4 March 1999). "Il Falso Smascherato: Leonardo senza bici: Burla di un grande studioso" [The Fake Unmasked: Leonardo without a bike: Hoax of a great scholar]. L'Espresso (in Italian). p. 103. Archived from the original on 2004-01-14. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
"On the Question of Leonardo's 'Bicycle'". legnano.org. 2009-07-11. Archived from the original on July 11, 2009. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
Paratico, Angelo (15 February 2017). "Leonardo Da Vinci, the inventor of the modern bike". Beyond Thirty-Nine. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
"Canada Science and Technology Museum: from Draisienne to Dandyhorse". Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
"The Velocipede - Pierre Michaux puts pedals to work". Canada Science and Technology Museum. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
"Van Anden Dexter Velocipede, 1869". National Museum of American History. Archived from the original on 8 November 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
"The Wheelmen FAQ". Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2008-05-15.
"McCammon Safety Bicycle". The Science Museum. Archived from the original on 2012-05-15. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
"Whippet Safety Bicycle". The Science Museum. Archived from the original on 2015-05-26. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
"History of BMX". Archived from the original on 2007-10-20. Retrieved 2007-10-14.
"University of BMX: BMX in Holland". Archived from the original on 2007-10-19. Retrieved 2007-10-14.
"WHPSC 2009 200 Meter Results". World Human Powered Speed Challenge. 2009. Archived from the original on 2013-08-11. Retrieved 2013-08-07.

welovecycling.com

"Japanese-style Bicycle Blitzkrieg". 28 June 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2019.

wired.com

Bryan Ball (July 4, 2006). "Better Bikes Than Lance's". Wired. Retrieved 2013-08-07.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Goddard, J. T. (1869). The velocipede: its history, varieties, and practice. New York: Hurd and Houghton. p. 85. OCLC 12320845. OCOLC 659342545 – via HathiTrust.

youtube.com

"Karl von Drais "Father of Bicycles"". YouTube. 17 November 2021.