History of the transistor (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "History of the transistor" in English language version.

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18doi.org

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11computerhistory.org

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7iop.org

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6espacenet.com

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2invent.org

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allpar.com

"1955: Chrysler's All-Transistor Mopar Car Radio". www.allpar.com. November 16, 2020.

aosmd.com

"Power MOSFET Basics" (PDF). Alpha & Omega Semiconductor. Retrieved 29 July 2019.

archive.org

Dabrowski, Jarek; Müssig, Hans-Joachim (2000). "6.1. Introduction". Silicon Surfaces and Formation of Interfaces: Basic Science in the Industrial World. World Scientific. pp. 344–346. ISBN 978-981-02-3286-3.
David Lane & Robert Lane (1994). Transistor Radios: A Collector's Encyclopedia and Price Guide. Wallace-Homestead Book Company. ISBN 0-87069-712-9. pages 2-7

books.google.com

Puers, Robert; Baldi, Livio; Voorde, Marcel Van de; Nooten, Sebastiaan E. van (2017). Nanoelectronics: Materials, Devices, Applications, 2 Volumes. John Wiley & Sons. p. 14. ISBN 978-3-527-34053-8.
Dabrowski, Jarek; Müssig, Hans-Joachim (2000). "6.1. Introduction". Silicon Surfaces and Formation of Interfaces: Basic Science in the Industrial World. World Scientific. pp. 344–346. ISBN 978-981-02-3286-3.
Heywang, W.; Zaininger, K. H. (2013). "2.2. Early history". Silicon: Evolution and Future of a Technology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 26–28. ISBN 978-3-662-09897-4.
Feldman, Leonard C. (2001). "Introduction". Fundamental Aspects of Silicon Oxidation. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 1–11. ISBN 978-3-540-41682-1.
Moskowitz, Sanford L. (2016). Advanced Materials Innovation: Managing Global Technology in the 21st century. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 165–168. ISBN 978-0-470-50892-3.
Skrabec, Quentin R. Jr. (2012). The 100 Most Significant Events in American Business: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 195–7. ISBN 978-0-313-39863-6.
"How to Build Experimental Transistor Receivers". Popular Mechanics. Vol. 100, no. 4. Chicago: Popular Mechanics Co. October 1953. pp. 246–248.
Garner, Lou (November 1957). "Transistorized Instrument Amplifier". Popular Mechanics. Vol. 108, no. 5. Chicago: Popular Mechanics Co. pp. 160–162.
Bassett, Ross Knox (2007). To the Digital Age: Research Labs, Start-up Companies, and the Rise of MOS Technology. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-8018-8639-3.
Baker, R. Jacob (2011). CMOS: Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation. John Wiley & Sons. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-118-03823-9.
Chan, Yi-Jen (1992). Studies of InAIAs/InGaAs and GaInP/GaAs heterostructure FET's for high speed applications. University of Michigan. p. 1. The Si MOSFET has revolutionized the electronics industry and as a result impacts our daily lives in almost every conceivable way.
Grant, Duncan Andrew; Gowar, John (1989). Power MOSFETS: theory and applications. Wiley. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-471-82867-9. The metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is the most commonly used active device in the very large-scale integration of digital integrated circuits (VLSI). During the 1970s these components revolutionized electronic signal processing, control systems and computers.
Colinge, Jean-Pierre; Greer, James C. (2016). Nanowire Transistors: Physics of Devices and Materials in One Dimension. Cambridge University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-107-05240-6.
"Design News". Design News. 27 (1–8). Cahners Publishing Company: 275. 1972. Today, under contracts with some 20 major companies, we're working on nearly 30 product programs—applications of MOS/LSI technology for automobiles, trucks, appliances, business machines, musical instruments, computer peripherals, cash registers, calculators, data transmission and telecommunication equipment.
Solid State Design - Vol. 6. Horizon House. 1965.
Malmstadt, Howard V.; Enke, Christie G.; Crouch, Stanley R. (1994). Making the Right Connections: Microcomputers and Electronic Instrumentation. American Chemical Society. p. 389. ISBN 978-0-8412-2861-0. The relative simplicity and low power requirements of MOSFETs have fostered today's microcomputer revolution.
Grant, Duncan Andrew; Gowar, John (1989). Power MOSFETS: theory and applications. Wiley. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-471-82867-9.
Irwin, J. David (1997). The Industrial Electronics Handbook. CRC Press. p. 218. ISBN 978-0-8493-8343-4.

britannica.com

"Robert Dennard". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 8 July 2019.

caltech.edu

authors.library.caltech.edu

C. A. Mead (February 1966). "Schottky barrier gate field effect transistor" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 54 (2): 307–308. doi:10.1109/PROC.1966.4661.

computer50.org

The University of Manchester Celebrates the Birth of the Modern Computer Archived 2012-05-04 at the Wayback Machine from Computer50.org

computerhistory.org

"Transistron image". Computer History Museum
"1960 – Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Transistor Demonstrated". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
"Who Invented the Transistor?". Computer History Museum. 4 December 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
"13 Sextillion & Counting: The Long & Winding Road to the Most Frequently Manufactured Human Artifact in History". Computer History Museum. April 2, 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
"1960 - Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Transistor Demonstrated". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum.
"1963: Complementary MOS Circuit Configuration is Invented". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
"1968: Silicon Gate Technology Developed for ICs". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
"1964 – First Commercial MOS IC Introduced". Computer History Museum.
"Tortoise of Transistors Wins the Race - CHM Revolution". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
"1971: Reusable semiconductor ROM introduced". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
"1971: Microprocessor Integrates CPU Function onto a Single Chip | The Silicon Engine". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 22 July 2019.

computerworld.com

Gaudin, Sharon. "The transistor: The most important invention of the 20th century?". ComputerWorld.

doi.org

Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
KAHNG, D. (1961). "Silicon-Silicon Dioxide Surface Device". Technical Memorandum of Bell Laboratories: 583–596. doi:10.1142/9789814503464_0076. ISBN 978-981-02-0209-5. {{cite journal}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Ligenza, J.R.; Spitzer, W.G. (1960). "The mechanisms for silicon oxidation in steam and oxygen". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 14: 131–136. Bibcode:1960JPCS...14..131L. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(60)90219-5.
Arns, R. G. (October 1998). "The other transistor: early history of the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor". Engineering Science and Education Journal. 7 (5): 233–240. doi:10.1049/esej:19980509. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
M. Tanenbaum; L. B. Valdes; E. Buehler; N. B. Hannay (1955). "Silicon n-p-n Grown Junction Transistors". J. Appl. Phys. 26 (6): 686–692. Bibcode:1955JAP....26..686T. doi:10.1063/1.1722071.
Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (2007-09-01). "Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)". The Electrochemical Society Interface. 16 (3): 29. doi:10.1149/2.F02073IF. ISSN 1064-8208.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (2007-09-01). "Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)". The Electrochemical Society Interface. 16 (3): 29. doi:10.1149/2.F02073IF. ISSN 1064-8208.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
KAHNG, D. (1961). "Silicon-Silicon Dioxide Surface Device". Technical Memorandum of Bell Laboratories: 583–596. doi:10.1142/9789814503464_0076. ISBN 978-981-02-0209-5. {{cite journal}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Motoyoshi, M. (2009). "Through-Silicon Via (TSV)". Proceedings of the IEEE. 97 (1): 43–48. doi:10.1109/JPROC.2008.2007462. ISSN 0018-9219. S2CID 29105721.
Hittinger, William C. (1973). "Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Technology". Scientific American. 229 (2): 48–59. Bibcode:1973SciAm.229b..48H. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0873-48. ISSN 0036-8733. JSTOR 24923169.
C. A. Mead (February 1966). "Schottky barrier gate field effect transistor" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 54 (2): 307–308. doi:10.1109/PROC.1966.4661.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Howard R. Duff (2001). "John Bardeen and transistor physics". AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 550. pp. 3–32. doi:10.1063/1.1354371.
Sah, Chih-Tang; Wanlass, Frank (1963). Nanowatt logic using field-effect metal-oxide semiconductor triodes. 1963 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers. Vol. VI. pp. 32–33. doi:10.1109/ISSCC.1963.1157450.
Kilby, J. S. (2007). "Miniaturized electronic circuits [US Patent No. 3,138, 743]". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society Newsletter. 12 (2): 44–54. doi:10.1109/N-SSC.2007.4785580. ISSN 1098-4232.

eetimes.com

"Transistors Keep Moore's Law Alive". EETimes. 12 December 2018. Retrieved 18 July 2019.

electronicdesign.com

"Rethink Power Density with GaN". Electronic Design. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2019.

electronics-notes.com

"What is a FET: Field Effect Transistor » Electronics Notes". www.electronics-notes.com. Retrieved 16 January 2021.

electronicshub.org

"Types of Transistors – Junction Transistors and FETs". Electronics Hub. 23 April 2019. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Ligenza, J.R.; Spitzer, W.G. (1960). "The mechanisms for silicon oxidation in steam and oxygen". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 14: 131–136. Bibcode:1960JPCS...14..131L. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(60)90219-5.

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

US 1745175 Julius Edgar Lilienfeld: "Method and apparatus for controlling electric current" first filed in Canada on 22.10.1925, describing a field-effect transistor
GB 439457 Oskar Heil: "Improvements in or relating to electrical amplifiers and other control arrangements and devices" first filed in Germany on March 2, 1934
FR 1010427 H. F. Mataré/H. Welker/Westinghouse: "Nouveau système cristallin à plusieurs électrodes réalisant des effects de relais électroniques" filed on 13.08.1948
US 2673948 H. F. Mataré/H. Welker/Westinghouse: "Crystal device for controlling electric currents by means of a solid semiconductor" FR priority 13.08.1948
US 3025589 Hoerni, J. A.: "Method of Manufacturing Semiconductor Devices" filed May 1, 1959
US 3064167 Hoerni, J. A.: "Semiconductor device" filed May 15, 1960

fcanorthamerica.com

"Heritage 1950-1959". FCA North America. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.

hackster.io

Halfacree, Gareth. "Researchers Build the World's First Wooden Transistor, Aim at Control of Electronic Plants". Hackster.io. Retrieved 30 April 2023.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Ligenza, J.R.; Spitzer, W.G. (1960). "The mechanisms for silicon oxidation in steam and oxygen". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 14: 131–136. Bibcode:1960JPCS...14..131L. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(60)90219-5.
M. Tanenbaum; L. B. Valdes; E. Buehler; N. B. Hannay (1955). "Silicon n-p-n Grown Junction Transistors". J. Appl. Phys. 26 (6): 686–692. Bibcode:1955JAP....26..686T. doi:10.1063/1.1722071.
Hittinger, William C. (1973). "Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Technology". Scientific American. 229 (2): 48–59. Bibcode:1973SciAm.229b..48H. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0873-48. ISSN 0036-8733. JSTOR 24923169.

ieee.org

Van Dormael, Armand (June 2004). "The "French" Transistor" (PDF). Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Conference on the History of Electronics, Bletchley Park. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 10, 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2012.

inc.com

Snook, Chris J. (29 November 2017). "The 7 Step Formula Sony Used to Get Back On Top After a Lost Decade". Inc.

invent.org

"Martin (John) M. Atalla". National Inventors Hall of Fame. 2009. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
"Dawon Kahng". National Inventors Hall of Fame. Retrieved 27 June 2019.

iop.org

iopscience.iop.org

Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (2007-09-01). "Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)". The Electrochemical Society Interface. 16 (3): 29. doi:10.1149/2.F02073IF. ISSN 1064-8208.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (2007-09-01). "Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)". The Electrochemical Society Interface. 16 (3): 29. doi:10.1149/2.F02073IF. ISSN 1064-8208.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.
Frosch, C. J.; Derick, L (1957). "Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 104 (9): 547. doi:10.1149/1.2428650.

jstor.org

Hittinger, William C. (1973). "Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Technology". Scientific American. 229 (2): 48–59. Bibcode:1973SciAm.229b..48H. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0873-48. ISSN 0036-8733. JSTOR 24923169.

lcsun-news.com

Melanie Dabovich (Associated Press) (2008-05-06). "Former Sandia labs director dies". New Mexico: Las Cruces Sun-News. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10. Retrieved 2008-05-07.

manchester.ac.uk

curation.cs.manchester.ac.uk

The Transistor Computer

mcall.com

Bonner, Jeanne (2007-03-04). "Transistor transition began in Allentown". The Morning Call. Retrieved 2023-07-10. On Oct. 1, 1951, the world's first commercial transistor production line went live at the Western Electric plant on Union Boulevard in Allentown.

mouser.co.uk

"Power Supply Technology - Buck DC/DC Converters". Mouser Electronics. Retrieved 11 August 2019.

nobelprize.org

Nobelprize.org – The Transistor

patents.google.com

US2802760A, Lincoln, Derick & Frosch, Carl J., "Oxidation of semiconductive surfaces for controlled diffusion", issued 1957-08-13
US2802760A, Lincoln, Derick & Frosch, Carl J., "Oxidation of semiconductive surfaces for controlled diffusion", issued 1957-08-13
US2802760A, Lincoln, Derick & Frosch, Carl J., "Oxidation of semiconductive surfaces for controlled diffusion", issued 1957-08-13

pbs.org

"Morgan Sparks". PBS. Retrieved 2008-05-06.

purdue.edu

physics.purdue.edu

Bray, Ralph "The Origin of Semiconductor Research at Purdue". Purdue University, Department of Physics.

radiomuseum.org

radiomuseum.org
"Mopar 914-HR Ch= C-5690HR Car Radio Philco, Philadelphia" (in German). Radiomuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-11-24.

researchgate.net

Kilby, J. S. (2007). "Miniaturized electronic circuits [US Patent No. 3,138, 743]". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society Newsletter. 12 (2): 44–54. doi:10.1109/N-SSC.2007.4785580. ISSN 1098-4232.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Motoyoshi, M. (2009). "Through-Silicon Via (TSV)". Proceedings of the IEEE. 97 (1): 43–48. doi:10.1109/JPROC.2008.2007462. ISSN 0018-9219. S2CID 29105721.

sjsu.edu

"History of the Transistor". www.sjsu.edu. Retrieved 17 January 2021.

stanford.edu

web.stanford.edu

Lee, Thomas H. (2003). The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (PDF). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-64377-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2019-07-25.

swtpc.com

Cushman, Robert H. (20 September 1975). "2-1/2-generation μP's-$10 parts that perform like low-end mini's" (PDF). EDN.

theiet.org

digital-library.theiet.org

Arns, R. G. (October 1998). "The other transistor: early history of the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor". Engineering Science and Education Journal. 7 (5): 233–240. doi:10.1049/esej:19980509. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2012.

time.com

"Problem Child". Time. 1953-09-07. Archived from the original on November 14, 2007. Retrieved 2009-05-28.

uspto.gov

"Remarks by Director Iancu at the 2019 International Intellectual Property Conference". United States Patent and Trademark Office. June 10, 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2019.

vintagecalculators.com

Nigel Tout. "Sharp QT-8D "micro Compet"". Vintage Calculators Web Museum. Retrieved September 29, 2010.
"Hand-held Calculators". Vintage Calculators Web Museum. Retrieved 22 July 2019.

web.archive.org

Arns, R. G. (October 1998). "The other transistor: early history of the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor". Engineering Science and Education Journal. 7 (5): 233–240. doi:10.1049/esej:19980509. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
Lee, Thomas H. (2003). The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (PDF). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-64377-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
Van Dormael, Armand (June 2004). "The "French" Transistor" (PDF). Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Conference on the History of Electronics, Bletchley Park. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 10, 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
"Problem Child". Time. 1953-09-07. Archived from the original on November 14, 2007. Retrieved 2009-05-28.
Melanie Dabovich (Associated Press) (2008-05-06). "Former Sandia labs director dies". New Mexico: Las Cruces Sun-News. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10. Retrieved 2008-05-07.
"Heritage 1950-1959". FCA North America. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
The University of Manchester Celebrates the Birth of the Modern Computer Archived 2012-05-04 at the Wayback Machine from Computer50.org

wired.com

Kozinsky, Sieva (8 January 2014). "Education and the Innovator's Dilemma". Wired. Retrieved 14 October 2019.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (2007-09-01). "Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)". The Electrochemical Society Interface. 16 (3): 29. doi:10.1149/2.F02073IF. ISSN 1064-8208.
Huff, Howard; Riordan, Michael (2007-09-01). "Frosch and Derick: Fifty Years Later (Foreword)". The Electrochemical Society Interface. 16 (3): 29. doi:10.1149/2.F02073IF. ISSN 1064-8208.
Motoyoshi, M. (2009). "Through-Silicon Via (TSV)". Proceedings of the IEEE. 97 (1): 43–48. doi:10.1109/JPROC.2008.2007462. ISSN 0018-9219. S2CID 29105721.
Hittinger, William C. (1973). "Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Technology". Scientific American. 229 (2): 48–59. Bibcode:1973SciAm.229b..48H. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0873-48. ISSN 0036-8733. JSTOR 24923169.
Kilby, J. S. (2007). "Miniaturized electronic circuits [US Patent No. 3,138, 743]". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society Newsletter. 12 (2): 44–54. doi:10.1109/N-SSC.2007.4785580. ISSN 1098-4232.

youtube.com

The Genesis of the Transistor, with Bonus Introduction (AT&T Archives video, posted 2012Jul19)