Hmong Americans (English Wikipedia)

"American FactFinder – Results". archive.vn. October 12, 2016. Archived from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
"Median houseland income in the past 12 months (in 2014 inflation-adjusted dollars)". American Community Survey. United States Census Bureau. 2014. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2015.

archives.gov

obamawhitehouse.archives.gov

"Critical Issues Facing Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on January 22, 2017. Retrieved April 4, 2016 – via National Archives.

asamnews.com

"Sheng Thao vies to be the 1st Hmong Am woman to lead a big city". Asamnews.com. November 10, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2022.

asiancemagazine.com

"Asiance magazine, June 2006". Archived from the original on October 7, 2008.

books.google.com

Hamilton-Merritt, Jane (January 1, 1993). Tragic Mountains: The Hmong, the Americans, and the Secret Wars for Laos, 1942–1992. Indiana University Press. p. 525. ISBN 9780253207562. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
Youyee Vang, Chia (2010). Hmong America: Reconstructing Community in Diaspora. Asian American experience. University of Illinois Press. p. 130. ISBN 9780252077593. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
"The Melting Pot". Fadiman, Anne. The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down. The Noonday Press, 1997. ISBN 0-374-52564-1, ISBN 978-0-374-52564-4. p. 192 Archived 2016-01-12 at the Wayback Machine. "In Philadelphia, anti-Hmong muggings, robberies, beatings, stonings, and vandalism were so commonplace during the early eighties that the city's Commission on Human Relations held public hearings to investigate the violence. One source[...]"
"The Melting Pot". Fadiman, Anne. The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down. The Noonday Press, 1997. ISBN 0-374-52564-1, ISBN 978-0-374-52564-4. p. 195 Archived 2016-01-12 at the Wayback Machine
Xiaojian Zhao; Edward J.W. Park Ph.D. (November 26, 2013). Asian Americans: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History. ABC-CLIO. pp. 502–503. ISBN 978-1-59884-240-1. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2018.

boston.com

articles.boston.com

West, Nancy Shohet. "Hmong stories woven into art in Groton show". The Boston Globe. March 31, 2011. 1^{[dead link‍]}. Retrieved March 12, 2012.

calstate.edu

dspace.calstate.edu

Lee, Kirk (March 4, 2010). Rituals, Roles, and Responsibilities Included in a Hmong Funeral: A Guidebook for Teachers to Better Understand the Process Their Hmong Students Experience in a Time of Family Loss (Master of Arts thesis). California State University, Chico. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved April 24, 2020.

cdc.gov

"Chapter 2. Overview of Lao Hmong Culture". (Archive) Promoting Cultural Sensitivity: Hmong Guide. Centers for Disease Control. p. 14. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

census.gov

data.census.gov

"US Census Data". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
"B02018 ASIAN ALONE OR IN ANY COMBINATION BY SELECTED GROUPS – 2021: 1-year estimates Detailed Tables – United States". United States Census Bureau.
"B02018 Total Asian Alone or in Any Combination Population – Wisconsin – 2023 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2023. Retrieved November 17, 2024.

census.gov

"U.S. Census website". Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
Hoeffel, Elizabeth M., Sonya Rastogi, Myoung Ouk Kim, and Hasan Shahid, The Asian Population: 2010 Archived 2017-09-17 at the Wayback Machine (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau, March 2012), 19. ("The Hmong population was the largest detailed Asian group in two states [Minnesota and Wisconsin].")

factfinder.census.gov

"American FactFinder – Results". archive.vn. October 12, 2016. Archived from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
"Median houseland income in the past 12 months (in 2014 inflation-adjusted dollars)". American Community Survey. United States Census Bureau. 2014. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2015.

chicagotribune.com

Kaiser, Robert L. "After 25 Years In U.S., Hmong Still Feel Isolated". Chicago Tribune. December 27, 1999. 1 . Retrieved April 14, 2012.
Kaiser, Robert L. "After 25 Years In U.s., Hmong Still Feel Isolated". Chicago Tribune. December 27, 1999. 2 . Retrieved April 14, 2012.

confex.com

stti.confex.com

Vang, Kao Kang Kue M. (July 28, 2019). Culture and Health Disparities: Hmong Health Beliefs and Practices in the United States. Sigma Global Learning Excellence 2019. STTI. Archived from the original on March 21, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2020.

css.edu

"Hmong Americans". Cultural Aspects of Healthcare. The College of St. Scholastica. 1996. Archived from the original on June 30, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013. Primary religious/spiritual affiliation. A recent study found that 75% of Hmong people practiced traditional religion which is animistic. Many Hmong also practice Buddhism or Christianity with membership to various churches such as Catholic, Missionary Alliance, Baptist, Mormon, and others.

detroitnews.com

LeBlanc, Beth. "Democrats retake majority in state House after Herzberg, Xiong outpace opponents". The Detroit News. Retrieved March 4, 2025.

doi.org

Vang, Tony; Flores, Juan (1999). "The Hmong Americans: Identity, Conflict, and Opportunity". Multicultural Perspectives. 1 (4): 9–14. doi:10.1080/15210969909539923.
Lee, Hae Yun; Vang, Suzanne (2010). "Barriers to Cancer Screening in Hmong Americans: The Influence of Health Care Accessibility, Culture, and Cancer Literacy". Journal of Community Health. 35 (3): 302–314. doi:10.1007/s10900-010-9228-7. PMID 20140486. S2CID 31265234.
Lee, HY; Yang, PN; Lee, DK; Ghebre, R (2015). "Cervical cancer screening behavior among Hmong-American immigrant women". American Journal of Health Behavior. 39 (3): 301–7. doi:10.5993/AJHB.39.3.2. PMID 25741675.
Khuu, B.; Lee, H.; Zhou, A. (2018). "Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among Hmong American Immigrants: Addressing the Health Disparities". Journal of Community Health. 43 (1): 11–18. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0381-0. hdl:11299/213953. PMID 28528527. S2CID 8621876.
Mulasi-Pokhriyal, U.; Smith, C.; Franzen-Castle, L. (2012). "Investigating dietary acculturation and intake among US-born and Thailand/Laos-born Hmong-American children aged 9–18 years". Public Health Nutrition. 15 (1): 176–185. doi:10.1017/S1368980011001649. PMID 21806862.
Baker, Dian (May 2010). "Perception of Barriers to Immunization Among Parents of Hmong Origin in California". American Journal of Public Health. 100 (5): 839–45. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.175935. PMC 2853637. PMID 20299651.
James, Katherine (April 2001). "Allison, M. T., & Schneider, I. E. (Ed s.). (2000). Diversity and the Recreation Profession: Organizational Perspectives". SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education. 16 (1): 138–140. doi:10.1080/1937156x.2001.11949476. ISSN 1937-156X. S2CID 149716114.
Takahashi, Y; Lee, S (2018). "Culture in transition: Awareness and appropriate response to domestic violence among Hmong American college students". Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice. 16 (2): 156–176. doi:10.1080/15377938.2018.1496864. S2CID 150018596.
Lor, Maichou (April 30, 2020). Sha, Mandy (ed.). Hmong and Chinese Qualitative Research Interview Questions: Assumptions and Implications of Applying the Survey Back Translation Method (Chapter 9) in The Essential Role of Language in Survey Research. RTI Press. pp. 181–202. doi:10.3768/rtipress.bk.0023.2004. ISBN 978-1-934831-24-3.
Chiu, Jeannie (Summer 2004). ""I salute the spirit of my communities": Autoethnographic Innovations in Hmong American Literature". College Literature. 31 (3): 43–69. doi:10.1353/lit.2004.0030. S2CID 145750899.

epi.org

"New poverty measure highlights positive effect of government assistance". Epi.org. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2017.

findarticles.com

Johns, Michael (October 23, 1995). "Acts of betrayal – persecution of Hmong". National Review. Archived from the original on February 6, 2010. Retrieved August 6, 2021.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Khuu, B.; Lee, H.; Zhou, A. (2018). "Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among Hmong American Immigrants: Addressing the Health Disparities". Journal of Community Health. 43 (1): 11–18. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0381-0. hdl:11299/213953. PMID 28528527. S2CID 8621876.

hmong.org

Moua, Dr. Mai (2010). "2010 Census Hmong Populations by State". 2010 United States Census. Hmong American Partnership. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
"2010 Census Hmong Populations of U.S. Metro and Micro Areas". Hmong American Partnership. 2010. Archived from the original on November 29, 2012. Retrieved April 27, 2013.
"2010 Census Hmong Populations by State". Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2013,

hmongcenter.org

"Top 50 Metropolitan Areas by Hmong Population". Archived 2007-01-11 at the Wayback Machine The Hmong Culture Center Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine. Data compiled by Mark Pfeifer. accessed January 29, 2006

hmongculture.net

"Hmong Language". Hmongculture.net. Archived from the original on January 23, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2017.

hmongtoday.com

"Welcome to Hmong Today – The Nation's Hmong newspaper, community news & opinions". Archived from the original on December 5, 2006. Retrieved December 31, 2006.

hndinc.org

"Hmong National Development, Inc. – Vision : A united, thriving Hmong Community. – About HND". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2021.

jsonline.com

Kozlowicz, Cathy (June 25, 2020). "A Hmong and LGBT-owned tailoring business in Menomonee Falls aims to make customers feel 'uplifted and loved'". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. Retrieved February 16, 2023.

kmph.com

"General Vang Pao Elementary School: A First For Fresno". FOX26 News. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2020.

kshs.org

"Cool Things – Hmong Story Cloth" Archived 2017-01-25 at the Wayback Machine. Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved March 2, 2014.

lansingstatejournal.com

Lacy, Eric. "Funeral for deer hunter who was fatally shot on public land to be held over multiple days". Lansing State Journal. Retrieved November 25, 2019.

laoveteransofamerica.org

"Lao Veterans of America". www.laoveteransofamerica.org. Archived from the original on December 27, 2016. Retrieved January 9, 2018.

latimes.com

Connell, Rich; Lopez, Robert (June 5, 2007). "U.S. accuses 10 of plotting coup in Laos". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2020.

latimesblogs.latimes.com

Saad, Nardine (January 10, 2011). "Charges dropped against 12 Hmong men accused in plot to overthrow Laotian government". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2011.

libguides.com

simmonslis.libguides.com

Madison Public Library. "Midwest Hmong: Home". Simmons LIS. Madison Public Library. Retrieved January 12, 2023.

mercurynews.com

"Laotian, Hmong immigrants protest Patriot Act". San Jose Mercury News. AP. December 16, 2007. Archived from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2019.

michigandaily.com

"Michigan Hmong". Michigan Daily. January 10, 2007. p. 2 (Archive) Retrieved November 8, 2012.
"Michigan Hmong". The Michigan Daily. January 10, 2007. 1 Archived 2013-11-04 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 12, 2012.

migrationpolicy.org

Yau, Jennifer (January 2005). "The Foreign-Born Hmong in the United States". Migration Policy. Archived from the original on February 20, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
"Article: The Foreign-Born Hmong in the United States | migrationpolicy.org". January 2005. Retrieved December 3, 2023.

minnpost.com

Katherine Glover (April 8, 2010). "Twin Cities-Based Shades of Yellow Promoting Visibility for Hmong Gay and Lesbian Community". Minnpost.com. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2017.

mla.org

"Data Center States Results". Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2017.

mnhealthethics.org

"Culhane-Pera, K. A., Vawter, D. E., Xiong, P., Babbitt, B., & Solberg, M. M. (Eds.). (2003). Healing by Heart: Clinical and Ethical Case Stories of Hmong Families and Western Providers. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2016. Retrieved September 13, 2016.

mnhs.org

"Hmong Timeline". Minnesota Historical Society.

newsbank.com

nl.newsbank.com

O'Malley, Julia. "Hmong and Mormon" Archived 2013-05-14 at the Wayback Machine. Anchorage Daily News. Sunday, October 8, 2006. A1. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
Chavez, Erika. "Hmong cry for help has been heard: A state forum will seek ways to improve student achievement". Archived 2013-05-17 at the Wayback Machine The Sacramento Bee. Tuesday, May 28, 2002. B1. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
Her, Lucy Y. "Ceremony is Hmong welcome to educators – Culture-sharing event aims to aid students, educate parents and elders". Archived 2013-05-17 at the Wayback Machine. Minneapolis Star Tribune. Saturday, March 31, 2001. News 9B. Retrieved March 12, 2012.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lee, Hae Yun; Vang, Suzanne (2010). "Barriers to Cancer Screening in Hmong Americans: The Influence of Health Care Accessibility, Culture, and Cancer Literacy". Journal of Community Health. 35 (3): 302–314. doi:10.1007/s10900-010-9228-7. PMID 20140486. S2CID 31265234.
Lee, HY; Yang, PN; Lee, DK; Ghebre, R (2015). "Cervical cancer screening behavior among Hmong-American immigrant women". American Journal of Health Behavior. 39 (3): 301–7. doi:10.5993/AJHB.39.3.2. PMID 25741675.
Lo, P; Fang, D; Ly, M; Stewart, S; Lee, S; Chen, M (2010). "Access to Adequate Healthcare for Hmong Women: A Patient Navigation Program to Increase Pap Test Screening". Hmong Studies Journal. 11. PMC 4654467. PMID 26594134.
Khuu, B.; Lee, H.; Zhou, A. (2018). "Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among Hmong American Immigrants: Addressing the Health Disparities". Journal of Community Health. 43 (1): 11–18. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0381-0. hdl:11299/213953. PMID 28528527. S2CID 8621876.
Mulasi-Pokhriyal, U.; Smith, C.; Franzen-Castle, L. (2012). "Investigating dietary acculturation and intake among US-born and Thailand/Laos-born Hmong-American children aged 9–18 years". Public Health Nutrition. 15 (1): 176–185. doi:10.1017/S1368980011001649. PMID 21806862.
Baker, Dian (May 2010). "Perception of Barriers to Immunization Among Parents of Hmong Origin in California". American Journal of Public Health. 100 (5): 839–45. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.175935. PMC 2853637. PMID 20299651.
Plotnikoff, G (June 2002). "Hmong shamanism. Animist spiritual healing in Minnesota". Minnesota Medicine. 85 (6): 29–34. PMID 12092436.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lo, P; Fang, D; Ly, M; Stewart, S; Lee, S; Chen, M (2010). "Access to Adequate Healthcare for Hmong Women: A Patient Navigation Program to Increase Pap Test Screening". Hmong Studies Journal. 11. PMC 4654467. PMID 26594134.
Baker, Dian (May 2010). "Perception of Barriers to Immunization Among Parents of Hmong Origin in California". American Journal of Public Health. 100 (5): 839–45. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.175935. PMC 2853637. PMID 20299651.

npr.org

"Asian-Americans: Smart, High-Incomes And ... Poor?". Npr.org. Archived from the original on November 20, 2017. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
Diaz, Jaclyn; Chappell, Bill (July 29, 2021). "Gymnast Sunisa Lee's Gold Medal Elates Her Hometown Hmong Community". NPR. Retrieved July 29, 2021.

nytimes.com

Fuller, Thomas (June 3, 2017). "California's 'Green Rush' Takes Hmong Back to Their Opium-Growing Roots". The New York Times.
Tavernise, Sabrina (June 1, 2020). "They Fled Asia as Refugees. Now They Are Caught in the Middle of Minneapolis". The New York Times. Retrieved February 16, 2023.
"Ex-U.S. National Guard officer, 8 others accused in Laos coup plot". The New York Times. June 5, 2007. Archived from the original on March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2020.
McKinley, Jesse (September 19, 2009). "U.S. Drops Case Against Exiled Hmong Leader", The New York Times, September 18, 2009". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 22, 2019. Retrieved February 24, 2017.

pbs.org

Krupnick, Matt (May 21, 2015). "These groups of Asian-Americans rarely attend college, but California is trying to change that". The Hechinger Report. PBS NewsHour. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
"PBS – THE SPLIT HORN: Hmong Rituals". www.pbs.org. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved April 24, 2020.

pewresearch.org

"Top 10 U.S. metropolitan areas by Hmong population, 2019". April 29, 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
Budiman, Abby (April 29, 2021). "Hmong: Data on Asian Americans". Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
"Key facts about Asian Americans, a diverse and growing population". Pewresearch.org. September 8, 2017. Archived from the original on January 9, 2018. Retrieved January 9, 2018.

philly.com

"(title unavailable)". Philadelphia Inquirer.^{[dead link‍]}

pri.org

Chavez, Erika. "Hmong immersion program in Sacramento aims to educate, preserve". Archived 2017-05-25 at the Wayback Machine PRI. December 25, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2013.

proquest.com

Crook, John (July 2007). "U.S. Supreme Court Finds No Immunity in Tax Lien Case Against India". The American Journal of International Law. 101: 642–645. ProQuest 201124884.

providencejournal.com

"Rhode Island's Hmong-Lao community to mark 40 years of resettlement". The Providence Journal. May 8, 2016. Archived from the original on September 20, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
"Traditional egg rolls are centerpiece of Providence Hmong Church fundraiser". The Providence Journal. May 28, 2014.

publicradio.org

minnesota.publicradio.org

Yuen, Laura. "Hmong get a mixed debut in new Eastwood film" Archived 2013-11-21 at the Wayback Machine. Minnesota Public Radio. December 18, 2008. Retrieved March 18, 2012.

news.minnesota.publicradio.org

"New senator makes history". Minnesota Public Radio. Archived from the original on November 22, 2016. Retrieved January 9, 2018.

researchgate.net

Finck, John (January 1984). "The Hmong Resettlement Study Site Report: Providence, Rhode Island". Retrieved September 19, 2017.

rti.org

Lor, Maichou (April 30, 2020). Sha, Mandy (ed.). Hmong and Chinese Qualitative Research Interview Questions: Assumptions and Implications of Applying the Survey Back Translation Method (Chapter 9) in The Essential Role of Language in Survey Research. RTI Press. pp. 181–202. doi:10.3768/rtipress.bk.0023.2004. ISBN 978-1-934831-24-3.

sacbee.com

Wong, Ashley (July 21, 2020). "Hmong women speak out on patriarchy, sexism in the traditional community clan structure". The Sacramento Bee. Retrieved February 16, 2023.
Walsh, Denny, "Ten Accused of Conspiring to Oust Government of Laos", The Sacramento Bee, June 5, 2007 "Ten accused of conspiring to oust government of Laos". sacbee.com. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved July 13, 2007. (accessed June 5, 2007).

searac.org

"Southeast Asian Americans at a Glance" (PDF). Southeast Asia Resource Action Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2011. Retrieved September 28, 2011.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Lee, Hae Yun; Vang, Suzanne (2010). "Barriers to Cancer Screening in Hmong Americans: The Influence of Health Care Accessibility, Culture, and Cancer Literacy". Journal of Community Health. 35 (3): 302–314. doi:10.1007/s10900-010-9228-7. PMID 20140486. S2CID 31265234.
Khuu, B.; Lee, H.; Zhou, A. (2018). "Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among Hmong American Immigrants: Addressing the Health Disparities". Journal of Community Health. 43 (1): 11–18. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0381-0. hdl:11299/213953. PMID 28528527. S2CID 8621876.
James, Katherine (April 2001). "Allison, M. T., & Schneider, I. E. (Ed s.). (2000). Diversity and the Recreation Profession: Organizational Perspectives". SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education. 16 (1): 138–140. doi:10.1080/1937156x.2001.11949476. ISSN 1937-156X. S2CID 149716114.
Takahashi, Y; Lee, S (2018). "Culture in transition: Awareness and appropriate response to domestic violence among Hmong American college students". Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice. 16 (2): 156–176. doi:10.1080/15377938.2018.1496864. S2CID 150018596.
Chiu, Jeannie (Summer 2004). ""I salute the spirit of my communities": Autoethnographic Innovations in Hmong American Literature". College Literature. 31 (3): 43–69. doi:10.1353/lit.2004.0030. S2CID 145750899.

socialbarrel.com

"Microsoft Helps Hmong Folks Rescue Dying Language Via Online Translator". March 27, 2012. Archived from the original on June 10, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2012.

sportingnews.com

🖉"Meet Suni Lee, USA's uneven bars specialist and the first Hmong American Olympic gymnast". www.sportingnews.com. August 12, 2021.

state.wi.us

elections.state.wi.us

Kyle R. Richmond (June 16, 2006). "Elections Board Translates Voting Documents Into Spanish and Hmong for 2006 Elections" (Press release). Wisconsin State Elections Board. Archived from the original on August 6, 2008. Retrieved August 3, 2008.

theguardian.com

Singh, Maanvi (November 24, 2022). "From homeless to city hall: the Hmong American mayor making history in Oakland". The Guardian. Retrieved November 25, 2022.

uncg.edu

cnnc.uncg.edu

"Hmong Students and UNCG – The Center for New North Carolinians". cnnc.uncg.edu. April 4, 2019. Archived from the original on December 6, 2020. Retrieved November 27, 2020.

usda.gov

fs.usda.gov

Bengston, David N.; Schermann, Michele; Moua, MiaKia; Lee, Tou Thai (2008). "Hmong Americans and public lands in Minnesota and Wisconsin". Rethinking Protected Areas in a Changing World: Proceedings of the 2007 GWS Biennial Conference on Parks, Protected Areas, and Cultural Sites.: 30–35. Retrieved January 12, 2023.

wausauhmong.org

"Hmong Population in the U.S." Hmong American Center. Archived from the original on February 2, 2019. Retrieved February 1, 2019.

wayne.edu

cus.wayne.edu

Metzger, Kurt and Jason Booza. "Asians in the United States, Michigan and Metropolitan Detroit" Archived 2006-06-20 at the Wayback Machine. Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University. January 2002 Working Paper Series, No. 7. p. 7. Retrieved November 6, 2013.

web.archive.org

"Hmong Americans". Cultural Aspects of Healthcare. The College of St. Scholastica. 1996. Archived from the original on June 30, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013. Primary religious/spiritual affiliation. A recent study found that 75% of Hmong people practiced traditional religion which is animistic. Many Hmong also practice Buddhism or Christianity with membership to various churches such as Catholic, Missionary Alliance, Baptist, Mormon, and others.
Budiman, Abby (April 29, 2021). "Hmong: Data on Asian Americans". Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
Vang, Kao Kang Kue M. (July 28, 2019). Culture and Health Disparities: Hmong Health Beliefs and Practices in the United States. Sigma Global Learning Excellence 2019. STTI. Archived from the original on March 21, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2020.
"Lao Veterans of America". www.laoveteransofamerica.org. Archived from the original on December 27, 2016. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
Yau, Jennifer (January 2005). "The Foreign-Born Hmong in the United States". Migration Policy. Archived from the original on February 20, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
Johns, Michael (October 23, 1995). "Acts of betrayal – persecution of Hmong". National Review. Archived from the original on February 6, 2010. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
Kyle R. Richmond (June 16, 2006). "Elections Board Translates Voting Documents Into Spanish and Hmong for 2006 Elections" (Press release). Wisconsin State Elections Board. Archived from the original on August 6, 2008. Retrieved August 3, 2008.
"Laotian, Hmong immigrants protest Patriot Act". San Jose Mercury News. AP. December 16, 2007. Archived from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
"Southeast Asian Americans at a Glance" (PDF). Southeast Asia Resource Action Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2011. Retrieved September 28, 2011.
"U.S. Census website". Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
Moua, Dr. Mai (2010). "2010 Census Hmong Populations by State". 2010 United States Census. Hmong American Partnership. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
"Data Center States Results". Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
"Top 50 Metropolitan Areas by Hmong Population". Archived 2007-01-11 at the Wayback Machine The Hmong Culture Center Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine. Data compiled by Mark Pfeifer. accessed January 29, 2006
"2010 Census Hmong Populations of U.S. Metro and Micro Areas". Hmong American Partnership. 2010. Archived from the original on November 29, 2012. Retrieved April 27, 2013.
O'Malley, Julia. "Hmong and Mormon" Archived 2013-05-14 at the Wayback Machine. Anchorage Daily News. Sunday, October 8, 2006. A1. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
Chavez, Erika. "Hmong cry for help has been heard: A state forum will seek ways to improve student achievement". Archived 2013-05-17 at the Wayback Machine The Sacramento Bee. Tuesday, May 28, 2002. B1. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
Chavez, Erika. "Hmong immersion program in Sacramento aims to educate, preserve". Archived 2017-05-25 at the Wayback Machine PRI. December 25, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
"General Vang Pao Elementary School: A First For Fresno". FOX26 News. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2020.
"Cool Things – Hmong Story Cloth" Archived 2017-01-25 at the Wayback Machine. Kansas Historical Society. Retrieved March 2, 2014.
"2010 Census Hmong Populations by State". Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2013,
"Hmong National Development, Inc. – Vision : A united, thriving Hmong Community. – About HND". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
Metzger, Kurt and Jason Booza. "Asians in the United States, Michigan and Metropolitan Detroit" Archived 2006-06-20 at the Wayback Machine. Center for Urban Studies, Wayne State University. January 2002 Working Paper Series, No. 7. p. 7. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
"Michigan Hmong". Michigan Daily. January 10, 2007. p. 2 (Archive) Retrieved November 8, 2012.
"Michigan Hmong". The Michigan Daily. January 10, 2007. 1 Archived 2013-11-04 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 12, 2012.
Her, Lucy Y. "Ceremony is Hmong welcome to educators – Culture-sharing event aims to aid students, educate parents and elders". Archived 2013-05-17 at the Wayback Machine. Minneapolis Star Tribune. Saturday, March 31, 2001. News 9B. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
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