Human penis size (English Wikipedia)

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Schonfeld, W. A.; Beebe, G. W. (1975). "Normal Growth and Variation in the Male Genitalia from Birth to Maturity". Journal of Urology. 48 (6): 759–777. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)70767-7.

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"Biased sample". Glossary. Center for Program Evaluation and Performance Management, Bureau of Justice Assistance. Archived from the original on 8 September 2015. Retrieved 26 July 2018 – via BJA.gov. A sample that is not representative of the population to which generalizations are to be made. For example, a group of band students would not be representative of all students at the middle school, and thus would constitute a biased sample if the intent was to generalize to all middle school students.

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Laura Rosenthal; Jacqueline Burchum (17 February 2017). Lehne's Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Providers - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 551–. ISBN 978-0-323-44779-9.
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Kim, Won Whe (2016). "2: History and Cultural Perspective". In Park, Nam Cheol; Moon, Du Geon; Kim, Sae Woong (eds.). Penile Augmentation. Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag. pp. 11–26. ISBN 978-3-662-46753-4.
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Storie, Ian C.; Allen, Arlene (2005). A Guide to Ancient Greek Drama. Malden, Massachusetts, Oxford, England, and Victoria, Australia: Blackwell Publishing. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-4051-0215-5. these were intended as ridiculous and were meant to be laughed at.<ref name="StorieAllen2005" /
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discovermagazine.com

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doi.org

Veale, David; Miles, Sarah; Bramley, Sally; Muir, Gordon; Hodsoll, John (June 2015). "Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15 521 men: Nomograms for flaccid/erect penis length and circumference". BJU International. 115 (6): 978–986. doi:10.1111/bju.13010. PMID 25487360.
Wessells, Hunter; Lue, Tom F; McAninch, Jack W (1996). "Penile Length in the Flaccid and Erect States: Guidelines for Penile Augmentation". The Journal of Urology. 156 (3): 995–7. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65682-9. PMID 8709382.
Chen, J; Gefen, A; Greenstein, A; Matzkin, H; Elad, D (2001). "Predicting penile size during erection". International Journal of Impotence Research. 12 (6): 328–33. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900627. PMID 11416836.
Wylie, Kevan R; Eardley, Ian (2007). "Penile size and the 'small penis syndrome'". BJU International. 99 (6): 1449–55. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06806.x. PMID 17355371.
Promodu, K; Shanmughadas, K V; Bhat, S; Nair, K R (2007). "Penile length and circumference: An Indian study". International Journal of Impotence Research. 19 (6): 558–563. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901569. PMID 17568760.
Chen, J; Gefen, A; Greenstein, A; Matzkin, H; Elad, D (December 2000). "Predicting penile size during erection". International Journal of Impotence Research. 12 (6): 328–333. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900627. ISSN 0955-9930. PMID 11416836. S2CID 17447888.
Ponchietti, Roberto; Mondaini, Nicola; Bonaf&Egrave, Massimiliano; Di Loro, Filippo; Biscioni, Stefano; Masieri, Lorenzo (2001). "Penile Length and Circumference: A Study on 3,300 Young Italian Males". European Urology. 39 (2): 183–6. doi:10.1159/000052434. PMID 11223678. S2CID 46856727.
Schonfeld, W. A.; Beebe, G. W. (1975). "Normal Growth and Variation in the Male Genitalia from Birth to Maturity". Journal of Urology. 48 (6): 759–777. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)70767-7.
Park, Jong Kwan; Doo, A. Ram; Kim, Joo Heung; Park, Hyung Sub; Do, Jung Mo; Choi, Hwang; Park, Seung Chol; Kim, Myung Ki; Jeong, Young Beom; Kim, Hyung Jim; Kim, Young Gon; Shin, Yu Seob (13 September 2016). "Prospective investigation of penile length with newborn male circumcision and second to fourth digit ratio". Canadian Urological Association Journal. 10 (9–10): E296–E299. doi:10.5489/cuaj.3590. PMC 5028213. PMID 27695583.
Veale, D. (2015). "Nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference". British Journal of Urology International. 115 (6): 978–986. doi:10.1111/bju.13010. PMID 25487360.
King, Bruce M. (2 January 2021). "Average-Size Erect Penis: Fiction, Fact, and the Need for Counseling". Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 47 (1): 80–89. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2020.1787279. PMID 32666897.
Belladelli, Federico; Del Giudice, Francesco; Glover, Frank; Mulloy, Evan; Muncey, Wade; Basran, Satvir; Fallara, Giuseppe; Pozzi, Edoardo; Montorsi, Francesco; Salonia, Andrea; Eisenberg, Michael L. (2023). "Worldwide Temporal Trends in Penile Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". The World Journal of Men's Health. 41 (4): 848–860. doi:10.5534/wjmh.220203. PMC 10523114. PMID 36792094.
Schonfeld, William A (1943). "Primary and Secondary Sexual Characteristics". American Journal of Diseases of Children. 65 (4): 535. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1943.02010160019003.
Choi, In Ho; Kim, Khae Hawn; Jung, Han; Yoon, Sang Jin; Kim, Soo Woong; Kim, Tae Beom (September 2011). "Second to fourth digit ratio: a predictor of adult penile length". Asian J Androl. 3 (5): 710–714. doi:10.1038/aja.2011.75. PMC 3739592. PMID 21725330.
Shah, J; Christopher, N (2002). "Can shoe size predict penile length?". BJU International. 90 (6): 586–587. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2002.02974.x. PMID 12230622. S2CID 20887458.
Ikegaya, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Motofumi; Kondou, Hiroki; Kawai, Taketo; Sato, Yusuke; Kitamura, Tadaichi; Kume, Haruki (4 February 2021). "Nose size indicates maximum penile length". Basic and Clinical Andrology. 31 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/s12610-021-00121-z. PMC 7860195. PMID 33535970. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
Goodman, Frances R (2002). "Limb malformations and the humanHOX genes". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 112 (3): 256–65. doi:10.1002/ajmg.10776. PMID 12357469.
Mortlock, Douglas P; Innis, Jeffrey W (1997). "Mutation of HOXA13 in hand-foot-genital syndrome". Nature Genetics. 15 (2): 179–80. doi:10.1038/ng0297-179. PMID 9020844. S2CID 24522600.
Mondaini, Nicola; Gontero, Paolo (2005). "Idiopathic short penis: Myth or reality?". BJU International. 95 (1): 8–9. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05238.x. PMID 15638885.
Chrouser, Kristin; Bazant, Eva; Jin, Linda; Kileo, Baldwin; Plotkin, Marya; Adamu, Tigistu; Curran, Kelly; Koshuma, Sifuni (August 2013). "Penile Measurements in Tanzanian Males: Guiding Circumcision Device Design and Supply Forecasting". Journal of Urology. 190 (2): 544–550. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.963.3280. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.3200. PMID 23473900.
Orakwe, J C; Ogbuagu, B O; Ebuh, G U (29 August 2007). "Can physique and gluteal size predict penile length in adult Nigerian men?". West African Journal of Medicine. 25 (3): 223–225. doi:10.4314/wajm.v25i3.28282. PMID 17191423.
Chen, X B; Dai, R X; Li, H N; Yang, J C (April 2014). "A comprehensive, prospective study of penile dimensions in Chinese men of multiple ethnicities". International Journal of Impotence Research. 26 (2): 172–176. doi:10.1038/ijir.2014.9. PMID 24784891. S2CID 6468136.
Nguyen Hoai, Bac; Pham Minh, Quan; Nguyen Cao, Thang; Sansone, Andrea; Colonnello, Elena; Jannini, Emmanuele A. (23 January 2021). "Data from 14,597 penile measurements of vietnamese men". Andrology. 9 (3): 906–915. doi:10.1111/andr.12978. ISSN 2047-2919. PMID 33484108.
Herbenick, D. (2014). "Development and validation of a self-report measure for erect penile size". PubMed. 11 (1): 93–101. doi:10.1111/jsm.12244. PMID 23841855.
Yafi, F. A. (2018). "Grower or shower? Predictors of change in penile length from the flaccid to erect state". International Journal of Impotence Research. 30 (6): 287–291. doi:10.1038/s41443-018-0053-3. PMID 30068977.
Herbenick, Debby; Reece, Michael; Schick, Vanessa; Sanders, Stephanie A. (January 2014). "Erect Penile Length and Circumference Dimensions of 1,661 Sexually Active Men in the United States". The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 11 (1): 93–101. doi:10.1111/jsm.12244. PMID 23841855. S2CID 9498368.
Eisenman, Russell (2001). "Penis size: Survey of female perceptions of sexual satisfaction". BMC Women's Health. 1 (1): 1. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-1-1. PMC 33342. PMID 11415468.
Francken, A.B; Van De Wiel, H.B.M; Van Driel, M.F; Weijmar Schultz, W.C.M (2002). "What Importance Do Women Attribute to the Size of the Penis?" (PDF). European Urology. 42 (5): 426–31. doi:10.1016/S0302-2838(02)00396-2. hdl:11370/c999b218-0b41-4410-a30a-d8b20f5d4e54. PMID 12429149. S2CID 206054651.
Mautz, B. S; Wong, B. B. M; Peters, R. A; Jennions, M. D (2013). "Penis size interacts with body shape and height to influence male attractiveness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110 (17): 6925–30. Bibcode:2013PNAS..110.6925M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1219361110. PMC 3637716. PMID 23569234.
Prause, Nicole; Park, Jaymie; Leung, Shannon; Miller, Geoffrey (2015). "Women's Preferences for Penis Size: A New Research Method Using Selection among 3D Models". PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0133079. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1033079P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133079. PMC 4558040. PMID 26332467.
Smith, Anthony M A; Jolley, Damien; Hocking, Jane; Benton, Kim; Gerofi, John (2016). "Does penis size influence condom slippage and breakage?". International Journal of STD & AIDS. 9 (8): 444–7. doi:10.1258/0956462981922593. PMID 9702591. S2CID 29431895.
Swan, Shanna H; Main, Katharina M; Liu, Fan; Stewart, Sara L; Kruse, Robin L; Calafat, Antonia M; Mao, Catherine S; Redmon, J. Bruce; Ternand, Christine L; Sullivan, Shannon; Teague, J. Lynn (2005). "Decrease in Anogenital Distance among Male Infants with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure". Environmental Health Perspectives. 113 (8): 1056–1061. doi:10.1289/ehp.8100. PMC 1280349. PMID 16079079.
Henley, Derek V; Lipson, Natasha; Korach, Kenneth S; Bloch, Clifford A (2007). "Prepubertal Gynecomastia Linked to Lavender and Tea Tree Oils". New England Journal of Medicine. 356 (5): 479–85. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa064725. PMID 17267908.
Swan, Shanna H (2008). "Environmental phthalate exposure in relation to reproductive outcomes and other health endpoints in humans". Environmental Research. 108 (2): 177–184. Bibcode:2008ER....108..177S. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2008.08.007. PMC 2775531. PMID 18949837.
Haliloglu, Ahmet; Baltaci, Sumer; Yaman, Onder (2007). "Penile Length Changes in Men Treated with Androgen Suppression Plus Radiation Therapy for Local or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer". The Journal of Urology. 177 (1): 128–30. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.113. PMID 17162022.
Shamloul, R. (2005). "Treatment of men complaining of short penis". Urology. 65 (6): 1183–1185. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2004.12.066. PMID 15922413.
Lever, Janet; Frederick, David A; Peplau, Letitia Anne (2006). "Does Size Matter? Men's and Women's Views on Penis Size Across the Lifespan". Psychology of Men & Masculinity. 7 (3): 129–143. doi:10.1037/1524-9220.7.3.129.
Rigaud, Gilbert; Berger, Richard E (1995). "Corrective Procedures for Penile Shortening Due to Peyronie's Disease". The Journal of Urology. 153 (2): 368–70. doi:10.1097/00005392-199502000-00021. PMID 7815586.
Wylie, Kevan R.; Eardley, Ian (1 June 2007). "Penile size and the 'small penis syndrome'". BJU International. 99 (6): 1449–1455. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06806.x. ISSN 1464-4096. PMID 17355371.
Wylie, Kevan R.; Eardley, Ian (1 June 2007). "Penile size and the 'small penis syndrome'". BJU International. 99 (6): 1449–1455. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06806.x. ISSN 1464-4096. PMID 17355371.
Levine, Laurencea (2006). "Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction: Current understanding and future direction". Indian Journal of Urology. 22 (3): 246. doi:10.4103/0970-1591.27633.
Bogaert, Anthony F; Hershberger, Scott (1999). "The relation between sexual orientation and penile size". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 28 (3): 213–21. doi:10.1023/A:1018780108597. PMID 10410197. S2CID 42801275.
Thorpe, Shemeka; et al. (March 2024). "The influence of pornography on heterosexual black men and women's genital self-image & grooming". Body Image. 48: 101669. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.101669. ISSN 1740-1445. OCLC 10107760964. PMID 38128239. S2CID 266449448.
Bowman, Edwin A (2007). "Why the Human Penis is Larger than in the Great Apes". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 37 (3): 361. doi:10.1007/s10508-007-9297-6. PMID 18158617. S2CID 28199803.

encolombia.com

Acuña et al., "Estudio de características anatómicas," Revista Colombiana de Urología, vol. 8, no. 2, 1999. Available at: https://encolombia.com/medicina/revistas-medicas/urologia/vol-8299/urologia8299-estudio/.

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hdl.handle.net

Francken, A.B; Van De Wiel, H.B.M; Van Driel, M.F; Weijmar Schultz, W.C.M (2002). "What Importance Do Women Attribute to the Size of the Penis?" (PDF). European Urology. 42 (5): 426–31. doi:10.1016/S0302-2838(02)00396-2. hdl:11370/c999b218-0b41-4410-a30a-d8b20f5d4e54. PMID 12429149. S2CID 206054651.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Mautz, B. S; Wong, B. B. M; Peters, R. A; Jennions, M. D (2013). "Penis size interacts with body shape and height to influence male attractiveness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110 (17): 6925–30. Bibcode:2013PNAS..110.6925M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1219361110. PMC 3637716. PMID 23569234.
Prause, Nicole; Park, Jaymie; Leung, Shannon; Miller, Geoffrey (2015). "Women's Preferences for Penis Size: A New Research Method Using Selection among 3D Models". PLOS ONE. 10 (9): e0133079. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1033079P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133079. PMC 4558040. PMID 26332467.
Swan, Shanna H (2008). "Environmental phthalate exposure in relation to reproductive outcomes and other health endpoints in humans". Environmental Research. 108 (2): 177–184. Bibcode:2008ER....108..177S. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2008.08.007. PMC 2775531. PMID 18949837.

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"Penis Size FAQ & Bibliography". Kinsey Institute. 2009. Retrieved 7 November 2013.

koreamed.org

Yoon, Jong Seon; Lee, Gil Ho; Chang, Dae Soo (16 June 2016). "The Relationship between Height and Body Weight and Penile Size in University Students". Korean Journal of Urology. 39 (11): 1061–1064.
"A Study on the Penis Size of Korean Men". Korean Journal of Urology. 12 (4). Chung, KM: 401–404. December 1971. Retrieved 9 April 2019 – via kmbase.medric.or.kr.

latimes.com

II, Thomas H. Maugh (4 July 2011). "Judging penis size by comparing index, ring fingers". Los Angeles Times.

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Veale, David; Miles, Sarah; Bramley, Sally; Muir, Gordon; Hodsoll, John (June 2015). "Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15 521 men: Nomograms for flaccid/erect penis length and circumference". BJU International. 115 (6): 978–986. doi:10.1111/bju.13010. PMID 25487360.
Wessells, Hunter; Lue, Tom F; McAninch, Jack W (1996). "Penile Length in the Flaccid and Erect States: Guidelines for Penile Augmentation". The Journal of Urology. 156 (3): 995–7. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65682-9. PMID 8709382.
Chen, J; Gefen, A; Greenstein, A; Matzkin, H; Elad, D (2001). "Predicting penile size during erection". International Journal of Impotence Research. 12 (6): 328–33. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900627. PMID 11416836.
Wylie, Kevan R; Eardley, Ian (2007). "Penile size and the 'small penis syndrome'". BJU International. 99 (6): 1449–55. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06806.x. PMID 17355371.
Promodu, K; Shanmughadas, K V; Bhat, S; Nair, K R (2007). "Penile length and circumference: An Indian study". International Journal of Impotence Research. 19 (6): 558–563. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901569. PMID 17568760.
Chen, J; Gefen, A; Greenstein, A; Matzkin, H; Elad, D (December 2000). "Predicting penile size during erection". International Journal of Impotence Research. 12 (6): 328–333. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900627. ISSN 0955-9930. PMID 11416836. S2CID 17447888.
Ponchietti, Roberto; Mondaini, Nicola; Bonaf&Egrave, Massimiliano; Di Loro, Filippo; Biscioni, Stefano; Masieri, Lorenzo (2001). "Penile Length and Circumference: A Study on 3,300 Young Italian Males". European Urology. 39 (2): 183–6. doi:10.1159/000052434. PMID 11223678. S2CID 46856727.
Park, Jong Kwan; Doo, A. Ram; Kim, Joo Heung; Park, Hyung Sub; Do, Jung Mo; Choi, Hwang; Park, Seung Chol; Kim, Myung Ki; Jeong, Young Beom; Kim, Hyung Jim; Kim, Young Gon; Shin, Yu Seob (13 September 2016). "Prospective investigation of penile length with newborn male circumcision and second to fourth digit ratio". Canadian Urological Association Journal. 10 (9–10): E296–E299. doi:10.5489/cuaj.3590. PMC 5028213. PMID 27695583.
Veale, D. (2015). "Nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference". British Journal of Urology International. 115 (6): 978–986. doi:10.1111/bju.13010. PMID 25487360.
King, Bruce M. (2 January 2021). "Average-Size Erect Penis: Fiction, Fact, and the Need for Counseling". Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 47 (1): 80–89. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2020.1787279. PMID 32666897.
Belladelli, Federico; Del Giudice, Francesco; Glover, Frank; Mulloy, Evan; Muncey, Wade; Basran, Satvir; Fallara, Giuseppe; Pozzi, Edoardo; Montorsi, Francesco; Salonia, Andrea; Eisenberg, Michael L. (2023). "Worldwide Temporal Trends in Penile Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". The World Journal of Men's Health. 41 (4): 848–860. doi:10.5534/wjmh.220203. PMC 10523114. PMID 36792094.
Choi, In Ho; Kim, Khae Hawn; Jung, Han; Yoon, Sang Jin; Kim, Soo Woong; Kim, Tae Beom (September 2011). "Second to fourth digit ratio: a predictor of adult penile length". Asian J Androl. 3 (5): 710–714. doi:10.1038/aja.2011.75. PMC 3739592. PMID 21725330.
Shah, J; Christopher, N (2002). "Can shoe size predict penile length?". BJU International. 90 (6): 586–587. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2002.02974.x. PMID 12230622. S2CID 20887458.
Ikegaya, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Motofumi; Kondou, Hiroki; Kawai, Taketo; Sato, Yusuke; Kitamura, Tadaichi; Kume, Haruki (4 February 2021). "Nose size indicates maximum penile length". Basic and Clinical Andrology. 31 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/s12610-021-00121-z. PMC 7860195. PMID 33535970. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
Goodman, Frances R (2002). "Limb malformations and the humanHOX genes". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 112 (3): 256–65. doi:10.1002/ajmg.10776. PMID 12357469.
Mortlock, Douglas P; Innis, Jeffrey W (1997). "Mutation of HOXA13 in hand-foot-genital syndrome". Nature Genetics. 15 (2): 179–80. doi:10.1038/ng0297-179. PMID 9020844. S2CID 24522600.
Mondaini, Nicola; Gontero, Paolo (2005). "Idiopathic short penis: Myth or reality?". BJU International. 95 (1): 8–9. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05238.x. PMID 15638885.
Kamanda, M. M., et al., "Perception and Assessment of Penis Size: A Survey in Kinshasa and Lubumbashi," *The Pan African Medical Journal*, 2017. Available at: [2](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28154646/).
Chrouser, Kristin; Bazant, Eva; Jin, Linda; Kileo, Baldwin; Plotkin, Marya; Adamu, Tigistu; Curran, Kelly; Koshuma, Sifuni (August 2013). "Penile Measurements in Tanzanian Males: Guiding Circumcision Device Design and Supply Forecasting". Journal of Urology. 190 (2): 544–550. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.963.3280. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.3200. PMID 23473900.
Orakwe, J C; Ogbuagu, B O; Ebuh, G U (29 August 2007). "Can physique and gluteal size predict penile length in adult Nigerian men?". West African Journal of Medicine. 25 (3): 223–225. doi:10.4314/wajm.v25i3.28282. PMID 17191423.
Chen, X B; Dai, R X; Li, H N; Yang, J C (April 2014). "A comprehensive, prospective study of penile dimensions in Chinese men of multiple ethnicities". International Journal of Impotence Research. 26 (2): 172–176. doi:10.1038/ijir.2014.9. PMID 24784891. S2CID 6468136.
Nguyen Hoai, Bac; Pham Minh, Quan; Nguyen Cao, Thang; Sansone, Andrea; Colonnello, Elena; Jannini, Emmanuele A. (23 January 2021). "Data from 14,597 penile measurements of vietnamese men". Andrology. 9 (3): 906–915. doi:10.1111/andr.12978. ISSN 2047-2919. PMID 33484108.
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