Hypercomputation (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Hypercomputation" in English language version.

Last modified: 15:55:07, 8 September 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

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3127doi.org

2^nd place

1714semanticscholar.org

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1010arxiv.org

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44adsabs.harvard.edu

14^th place

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42jstor.org

23^rd place

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22umass.edu

3,436^th place

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22nih.gov

5^th place

22scottaaronson.com

low place

21mit.edu

476^th place

340^th place

11hdl.handle.net

66^th place

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11turing.org.uk

low place

11worldcat.org

4^th place

11philpapers.org

2,176^th place

1,487^th place

11archive.org

6^th place

11berkeley.edu

621^st place

429^th place

11idsia.ch

low place

11mfo.de

low place

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Hogarth, Mark L. (1992). "Does general relativity allow an observer to view an eternity in a finite time?". Foundations of Physics Letters. 5 (2): 173–181. Bibcode:1992FoPhL...5..173H. doi:10.1007/BF00682813. S2CID 120917288.
There have been some claims to this effect; see Tien Kieu (2003). "Quantum Algorithm for the Hilbert's Tenth Problem". Int. J. Theor. Phys. 42 (7): 1461–1478. arXiv:quant-ph/0110136. doi:10.1023/A:1025780028846. S2CID 6634980. or M. Ziegler (2005). "Computational Power of Infinite Quantum Parallelism". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 44 (11): 2059–2071. arXiv:quant-ph/0410141. Bibcode:2005IJTP...44.2059Z. doi:10.1007/s10773-005-8984-0. S2CID 9879859. and the ensuing literature. For a retort see Warren D. Smith (2006). "Three counterexamples refuting Kieu's plan for "quantum adiabatic hypercomputation"; and some uncomputable quantum mechanical tasks". Applied Mathematics and Computation. 178 (1): 184–193. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.078..
J. Schmidhuber (2002). "Hierarchies of generalized Kolmogorov complexities and nonenumerable universal measures computable in the limit". International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science. 13 (4): 587–612. arXiv:quant-ph/0011122. Bibcode:2000quant.ph.11122S. doi:10.1142/S0129054102001291.
H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 1995). "Computation Beyond the Turing Limit" (PDF). Science. 268 (5210): 545–548. Bibcode:1995Sci...268..545S. doi:10.1126/science.268.5210.545. PMID 17756722. S2CID 17495161.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

István Neméti; Hajnal Andréka (2006). "Can General Relativistic Computers Break the Turing Barrier?". Logical Approaches to Computational Barriers, Second Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2006, Swansea, UK, June 30-July 5, 2006. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3988. Springer. doi:10.1007/11780342. ISBN 978-3-540-35466-6.

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

These models have been independently developed by many different authors, including Hermann Weyl (1927). Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft.; the model is discussed in Shagrir, O. (June 2004). "Super-tasks, accelerating Turing machines and uncomputability". Theoretical Computer Science. 317 (1–3): 105–114. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2003.12.007., Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770. and Vincent C. Müller (2011). "On the possibilities of hypercomputing supertasks". Minds and Machines. 21 (1): 83–96. arXiv:2505.14698. doi:10.1007/s11023-011-9222-6. S2CID 253434.
Andréka, Hajnal; Németi, István; Székely, Gergely (2012). "Closed Timelike Curves in Relativistic Computation". Parallel Processing Letters. 22 (3). arXiv:1105.0047. doi:10.1142/S0129626412400105. S2CID 16816151.
Etesi, Gabor; Nemeti, Istvan (2002). "Non-Turing computations via Malament-Hogarth space-times". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 41 (2): 341–370. arXiv:gr-qc/0104023. doi:10.1023/A:1014019225365. S2CID 17081866.
Brun, Todd A. (2003). "Computers with closed timelike curves can solve hard problems". Found. Phys. Lett. 16 (3): 245–253. arXiv:gr-qc/0209061. doi:10.1023/A:1025967225931. S2CID 16136314.
There have been some claims to this effect; see Tien Kieu (2003). "Quantum Algorithm for the Hilbert's Tenth Problem". Int. J. Theor. Phys. 42 (7): 1461–1478. arXiv:quant-ph/0110136. doi:10.1023/A:1025780028846. S2CID 6634980. or M. Ziegler (2005). "Computational Power of Infinite Quantum Parallelism". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 44 (11): 2059–2071. arXiv:quant-ph/0410141. Bibcode:2005IJTP...44.2059Z. doi:10.1007/s10773-005-8984-0. S2CID 9879859. and the ensuing literature. For a retort see Warren D. Smith (2006). "Three counterexamples refuting Kieu's plan for "quantum adiabatic hypercomputation"; and some uncomputable quantum mechanical tasks". Applied Mathematics and Computation. 178 (1): 184–193. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.078..
Schmidhuber, Juergen (2000). "Algorithmic Theories of Everything". arXiv:quant-ph/0011122.
J. Schmidhuber (2002). "Hierarchies of generalized Kolmogorov complexities and nonenumerable universal measures computable in the limit". International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science. 13 (4): 587–612. arXiv:quant-ph/0011122. Bibcode:2000quant.ph.11122S. doi:10.1142/S0129054102001291.
Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770.
P.D. Welch (2008). "The extent of computation in Malament-Hogarth spacetimes". British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. 59 (4): 659–674. arXiv:gr-qc/0609035. doi:10.1093/bjps/axn031.
Nayebi, Aran (2014). "Practical intractability: A critique of the hypercomputation movement". Minds and Machines. 24 (3). Springer: 275–305. arXiv:1210.3304. doi:10.1007/s11023-013-9317-3.

berkeley.edu (Global: 621^st place; English: 429^th place)

cs.berkeley.edu

Bernstein, Ethan; Vazirani, Umesh (1997). "Quantum Complexity Theory". SIAM Journal on Computing. 26 (5): 1411–1473. doi:10.1137/S0097539796300921.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Turing, A. M. (1939). "Systems of Logic Based on Ordinals†". Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. 45: 161–228. doi:10.1112/plms/s2-45.1.161. hdl:21.11116/0000-0001-91CE-3.
J. Cabessa; H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 2012). "The Computational Power of Interactive Recurrent Neural Networks" (PDF). Neural Computation. 24 (4): 996–1019. doi:10.1162/neco_a_00263. PMID 22295978. S2CID 5826757.
H.T. Siegelmann; E.D. Sontag (1994). "Analog Computation via Neural Networks". Theoretical Computer Science. 131 (2): 331–360. doi:10.1016/0304-3975(94)90178-3.
Biacino, L.; Gerla, G. (2002). "Fuzzy logic, continuity and effectiveness". Archive for Mathematical Logic. 41 (7): 643–667. doi:10.1007/s001530100128. ISSN 0933-5846. S2CID 12513452.
Wiedermann, Jiří (2004). "Characterizing the super-Turing computing power and efficiency of classical fuzzy Turing machines". Theoretical Computer Science. 317 (1–3): 61–69. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2003.12.004. Their (ability to solve the halting problem) is due to their acceptance criterion in which the ability to solve the halting problem is indirectly assumed.
Ord, Toby (2006). "The many forms of hypercomputation". Applied Mathematics and Computation. 178: 143–153. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.076.
These models have been independently developed by many different authors, including Hermann Weyl (1927). Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft.; the model is discussed in Shagrir, O. (June 2004). "Super-tasks, accelerating Turing machines and uncomputability". Theoretical Computer Science. 317 (1–3): 105–114. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2003.12.007., Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770. and Vincent C. Müller (2011). "On the possibilities of hypercomputing supertasks". Minds and Machines. 21 (1): 83–96. arXiv:2505.14698. doi:10.1007/s11023-011-9222-6. S2CID 253434.
Andréka, Hajnal; Németi, István; Székely, Gergely (2012). "Closed Timelike Curves in Relativistic Computation". Parallel Processing Letters. 22 (3). arXiv:1105.0047. doi:10.1142/S0129626412400105. S2CID 16816151.
Hogarth, Mark L. (1992). "Does general relativity allow an observer to view an eternity in a finite time?". Foundations of Physics Letters. 5 (2): 173–181. Bibcode:1992FoPhL...5..173H. doi:10.1007/BF00682813. S2CID 120917288.
István Neméti; Hajnal Andréka (2006). "Can General Relativistic Computers Break the Turing Barrier?". Logical Approaches to Computational Barriers, Second Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2006, Swansea, UK, June 30-July 5, 2006. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3988. Springer. doi:10.1007/11780342. ISBN 978-3-540-35466-6.
Etesi, Gabor; Nemeti, Istvan (2002). "Non-Turing computations via Malament-Hogarth space-times". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 41 (2): 341–370. arXiv:gr-qc/0104023. doi:10.1023/A:1014019225365. S2CID 17081866.
Earman, John; Norton, John D. (1993). "Forever is a Day: Supertasks in Pitowsky and Malament-Hogarth Spacetimes". Philosophy of Science. 60: 22–42. doi:10.1086/289716. S2CID 122764068.
Brun, Todd A. (2003). "Computers with closed timelike curves can solve hard problems". Found. Phys. Lett. 16 (3): 245–253. arXiv:gr-qc/0209061. doi:10.1023/A:1025967225931. S2CID 16136314.
There have been some claims to this effect; see Tien Kieu (2003). "Quantum Algorithm for the Hilbert's Tenth Problem". Int. J. Theor. Phys. 42 (7): 1461–1478. arXiv:quant-ph/0110136. doi:10.1023/A:1025780028846. S2CID 6634980. or M. Ziegler (2005). "Computational Power of Infinite Quantum Parallelism". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 44 (11): 2059–2071. arXiv:quant-ph/0410141. Bibcode:2005IJTP...44.2059Z. doi:10.1007/s10773-005-8984-0. S2CID 9879859. and the ensuing literature. For a retort see Warren D. Smith (2006). "Three counterexamples refuting Kieu's plan for "quantum adiabatic hypercomputation"; and some uncomputable quantum mechanical tasks". Applied Mathematics and Computation. 178 (1): 184–193. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.078..
Bernstein, Ethan; Vazirani, Umesh (1997). "Quantum Complexity Theory". SIAM Journal on Computing. 26 (5): 1411–1473. doi:10.1137/S0097539796300921.
E. M. Gold (1965). "Limiting Recursion". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 30 (1): 28–48. doi:10.2307/2270580. JSTOR 2270580. S2CID 33811657., E. Mark Gold (1967). "Language identification in the limit". Information and Control. 10 (5): 447–474. doi:10.1016/S0019-9958(67)91165-5.
Hilary Putnam (1965). "Trial and Error Predicates and the Solution to a Problem of Mostowksi". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 30 (1): 49–57. doi:10.2307/2270581. JSTOR 2270581. S2CID 44655062.
L. K. Schubert (July 1974). "Iterated Limiting Recursion and the Program Minimization Problem". Journal of the ACM. 21 (3): 436–445. doi:10.1145/321832.321841. S2CID 2071951.
J. Schmidhuber (2002). "Hierarchies of generalized Kolmogorov complexities and nonenumerable universal measures computable in the limit". International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science. 13 (4): 587–612. arXiv:quant-ph/0011122. Bibcode:2000quant.ph.11122S. doi:10.1142/S0129054102001291.
Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770.
P.D. Welch (2008). "The extent of computation in Malament-Hogarth spacetimes". British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. 59 (4): 659–674. arXiv:gr-qc/0609035. doi:10.1093/bjps/axn031.
H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 1995). "Computation Beyond the Turing Limit" (PDF). Science. 268 (5210): 545–548. Bibcode:1995Sci...268..545S. doi:10.1126/science.268.5210.545. PMID 17756722. S2CID 17495161.
Hava Siegelmann; Eduardo Sontag (1994). "Analog Computation via Neural Networks". Theoretical Computer Science. 131 (2): 331–360. doi:10.1016/0304-3975(94)90178-3.
P.D. Welch (2009). "Characteristics of discrete transfinite time Turing machine models: Halting times, stabilization times, and Normal Form theorems". Theoretical Computer Science. 410 (4–5): 426–442. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2008.09.050.
Schlicht, Philipp; Seyfferth, Benjamin (2012). "Tree Representations via Ordinal Machines". Computability. 1: 45–57. doi:10.3233/COM-2012-002.
Davis, Martin (2006). "Why there is no such discipline as hypercomputation". Applied Mathematics and Computation. 178 (1): 4–7. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.066.
Nayebi, Aran (2014). "Practical intractability: A critique of the hypercomputation movement". Minds and Machines. 24 (3). Springer: 275–305. arXiv:1210.3304. doi:10.1007/s11023-013-9317-3.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Turing, A. M. (1939). "Systems of Logic Based on Ordinals†". Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. 45: 161–228. doi:10.1112/plms/s2-45.1.161. hdl:21.11116/0000-0001-91CE-3.

idsia.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

J. Schmidhuber (2002). "Hierarchies of generalized Kolmogorov complexities and nonenumerable universal measures computable in the limit". International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science. 13 (4): 587–612. arXiv:quant-ph/0011122. Bibcode:2000quant.ph.11122S. doi:10.1142/S0129054102001291.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

E. M. Gold (1965). "Limiting Recursion". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 30 (1): 28–48. doi:10.2307/2270580. JSTOR 2270580. S2CID 33811657., E. Mark Gold (1967). "Language identification in the limit". Information and Control. 10 (5): 447–474. doi:10.1016/S0019-9958(67)91165-5.
Hilary Putnam (1965). "Trial and Error Predicates and the Solution to a Problem of Mostowksi". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 30 (1): 49–57. doi:10.2307/2270581. JSTOR 2270581. S2CID 44655062.

mfo.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Martin Davis (Jan 2003). "The Myth of Hypercomputation". In Alexandra Shlapentokh (ed.). Miniworkshop: Hilbert's Tenth Problem, Mazur's Conjecture and Divisibility Sequences (PDF). MFO Report. Vol. 3. Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach. p. 2.

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

web.mit.edu

Dmytro Taranovsky (July 17, 2005). "Finitism and Hypercomputation". Retrieved Apr 26, 2011.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

J. Cabessa; H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 2012). "The Computational Power of Interactive Recurrent Neural Networks" (PDF). Neural Computation. 24 (4): 996–1019. doi:10.1162/neco_a_00263. PMID 22295978. S2CID 5826757.
H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 1995). "Computation Beyond the Turing Limit" (PDF). Science. 268 (5210): 545–548. Bibcode:1995Sci...268..545S. doi:10.1126/science.268.5210.545. PMID 17756722. S2CID 17495161.

philpapers.org (Global: 2,176^th place; English: 1,487^th place)

These models have been independently developed by many different authors, including Hermann Weyl (1927). Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft.; the model is discussed in Shagrir, O. (June 2004). "Super-tasks, accelerating Turing machines and uncomputability". Theoretical Computer Science. 317 (1–3): 105–114. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2003.12.007., Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770. and Vincent C. Müller (2011). "On the possibilities of hypercomputing supertasks". Minds and Machines. 21 (1): 83–96. arXiv:2505.14698. doi:10.1007/s11023-011-9222-6. S2CID 253434.

scottaaronson.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Arnold Schönhage, "On the power of random access machines", in Proc. Intl. Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP), pages 520–529, 1979. Source of citation: Scott Aaronson, "NP-complete Problems and Physical Reality" p. 12
S. Aaronson and J. Watrous. Closed Timelike Curves Make Quantum and Classical Computing Equivalent

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

J. Cabessa; H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 2012). "The Computational Power of Interactive Recurrent Neural Networks" (PDF). Neural Computation. 24 (4): 996–1019. doi:10.1162/neco_a_00263. PMID 22295978. S2CID 5826757.
Biacino, L.; Gerla, G. (2002). "Fuzzy logic, continuity and effectiveness". Archive for Mathematical Logic. 41 (7): 643–667. doi:10.1007/s001530100128. ISSN 0933-5846. S2CID 12513452.
These models have been independently developed by many different authors, including Hermann Weyl (1927). Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft.; the model is discussed in Shagrir, O. (June 2004). "Super-tasks, accelerating Turing machines and uncomputability". Theoretical Computer Science. 317 (1–3): 105–114. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2003.12.007., Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770. and Vincent C. Müller (2011). "On the possibilities of hypercomputing supertasks". Minds and Machines. 21 (1): 83–96. arXiv:2505.14698. doi:10.1007/s11023-011-9222-6. S2CID 253434.
Andréka, Hajnal; Németi, István; Székely, Gergely (2012). "Closed Timelike Curves in Relativistic Computation". Parallel Processing Letters. 22 (3). arXiv:1105.0047. doi:10.1142/S0129626412400105. S2CID 16816151.
Hogarth, Mark L. (1992). "Does general relativity allow an observer to view an eternity in a finite time?". Foundations of Physics Letters. 5 (2): 173–181. Bibcode:1992FoPhL...5..173H. doi:10.1007/BF00682813. S2CID 120917288.
Etesi, Gabor; Nemeti, Istvan (2002). "Non-Turing computations via Malament-Hogarth space-times". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 41 (2): 341–370. arXiv:gr-qc/0104023. doi:10.1023/A:1014019225365. S2CID 17081866.
Earman, John; Norton, John D. (1993). "Forever is a Day: Supertasks in Pitowsky and Malament-Hogarth Spacetimes". Philosophy of Science. 60: 22–42. doi:10.1086/289716. S2CID 122764068.
Brun, Todd A. (2003). "Computers with closed timelike curves can solve hard problems". Found. Phys. Lett. 16 (3): 245–253. arXiv:gr-qc/0209061. doi:10.1023/A:1025967225931. S2CID 16136314.
There have been some claims to this effect; see Tien Kieu (2003). "Quantum Algorithm for the Hilbert's Tenth Problem". Int. J. Theor. Phys. 42 (7): 1461–1478. arXiv:quant-ph/0110136. doi:10.1023/A:1025780028846. S2CID 6634980. or M. Ziegler (2005). "Computational Power of Infinite Quantum Parallelism". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 44 (11): 2059–2071. arXiv:quant-ph/0410141. Bibcode:2005IJTP...44.2059Z. doi:10.1007/s10773-005-8984-0. S2CID 9879859. and the ensuing literature. For a retort see Warren D. Smith (2006). "Three counterexamples refuting Kieu's plan for "quantum adiabatic hypercomputation"; and some uncomputable quantum mechanical tasks". Applied Mathematics and Computation. 178 (1): 184–193. doi:10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.078..
E. M. Gold (1965). "Limiting Recursion". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 30 (1): 28–48. doi:10.2307/2270580. JSTOR 2270580. S2CID 33811657., E. Mark Gold (1967). "Language identification in the limit". Information and Control. 10 (5): 447–474. doi:10.1016/S0019-9958(67)91165-5.
Hilary Putnam (1965). "Trial and Error Predicates and the Solution to a Problem of Mostowksi". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 30 (1): 49–57. doi:10.2307/2270581. JSTOR 2270581. S2CID 44655062.
L. K. Schubert (July 1974). "Iterated Limiting Recursion and the Program Minimization Problem". Journal of the ACM. 21 (3): 436–445. doi:10.1145/321832.321841. S2CID 2071951.
Petrus H. Potgieter (July 2006). "Zeno machines and hypercomputation". Theoretical Computer Science. 358 (1): 23–33. arXiv:cs/0412022. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2005.11.040. S2CID 6749770.
H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 1995). "Computation Beyond the Turing Limit" (PDF). Science. 268 (5210): 545–548. Bibcode:1995Sci...268..545S. doi:10.1126/science.268.5210.545. PMID 17756722. S2CID 17495161.

turing.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Andrew Hodges. "The Professors and the Brainstorms". The Alan Turing Home Page. Retrieved 23 September 2011.

umass.edu (Global: 3,436^th place; English: 2,060^th place)

binds.cs.umass.edu

J. Cabessa; H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 2012). "The Computational Power of Interactive Recurrent Neural Networks" (PDF). Neural Computation. 24 (4): 996–1019. doi:10.1162/neco_a_00263. PMID 22295978. S2CID 5826757.
H.T. Siegelmann (Apr 1995). "Computation Beyond the Turing Limit" (PDF). Science. 268 (5210): 545–548. Bibcode:1995Sci...268..545S. doi:10.1126/science.268.5210.545. PMID 17756722. S2CID 17495161.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Biacino, L.; Gerla, G. (2002). "Fuzzy logic, continuity and effectiveness". Archive for Mathematical Logic. 41 (7): 643–667. doi:10.1007/s001530100128. ISSN 0933-5846. S2CID 12513452.

Hypercomputation (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 49th place; English: 31st place)

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cs.berkeley.edu

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

idsia.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

mfo.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

mit.edu (Global: 476th place; English: 340th place)

web.mit.edu

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

philpapers.org (Global: 2,176th place; English: 1,487th place)

scottaaronson.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

turing.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

umass.edu (Global: 3,436th place; English: 2,060th place)

binds.cs.umass.edu

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

berkeley.edu (Global: 621^st place; English: 429^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

philpapers.org (Global: 2,176^th place; English: 1,487^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

umass.edu (Global: 3,436^th place; English: 2,060^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)