Ice worm (English Wikipedia)

Hartzell, Paula L.; Shain, Daniel H. (2009). "Glacier Ice Worms". In Daniel H. Shain (ed.). Annelids in Modern Biology. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 305. ISBN 9780470455197.

cdnsciencepub.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Shain, Daniel H; Mason, Tarin A; Farrell, Angela H; Michalewicz, Lisa A (Oct 2001). "Distribution and behavior of ice worms (Mesenchytraeus solifugus) in south-central Alaska". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 79 (10): 1813–1821. doi:10.1139/z01-143. ISSN 0008-4301.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Healy, Brenda; Fend, Steve (2002). "The occurrence of Mesenchytraeus (Enchytraeidae: Oligochaeta) in riffle habitats of north-west Subnautica below zero rivers, with description of a new species". Journal of Natural History. 36 (1): 15–23. doi:10.1080/713833842. S2CID 84290342.
Shain, Daniel H.; Carter, Melissa R.; Murray, Kurt P.; Maleski, Karen A.; Smith, Nancy R.; McBride, Taresha R.; Michalewicz, Lisa A.; Saidel, William M. (2000). "Morphologic characterization of the ice worm Mesenchytraeus solifugus". Journal of Morphology. 246 (3): 192–7. doi:10.1002/1097-4687(200012)246:3<192::AID-JMOR3>3.0.CO;2-B. PMID 11077431. S2CID 30143253.
Farrell, A.H.; Hohenstein, K.A.; Shain, D.H. (2004). "Molecular adaptation in the ice worm, Mesenchytraeus solifugus: divergence of energetic-associated genes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 59 (5): 666–673. Bibcode:2004JMolE..59..666F. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-2658-z. PMID 15693622. S2CID 22139929.
Qi Shen; Jing Chen; Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus monodiverticulus sp. nov. (Annelida: Cliterllata: Enchytraeidae) from Changbai Mountain, with a key to Mesenchytraeus with enlarged chaetae". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (3): 215–227. doi:10.2988/12-08.1. S2CID 84234028.
Shain, Daniel H; Mason, Tarin A; Farrell, Angela H; Michalewicz, Lisa A (Oct 2001). "Distribution and behavior of ice worms (Mesenchytraeus solifugus) in south-central Alaska". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 79 (10): 1813–1821. doi:10.1139/z01-143. ISSN 0008-4301.
Qi Shen; Jing Chen; Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus monodiverticulus sp. nov. (Annelida: Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from Changbai Mountain, with a key to Mesenchytraeus with enlarged chaetae". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (3): 215–227. doi:10.2988/12-08.1. S2CID 84234028.
Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus gigachaetus, new name, a replacement name for Mesenchytraeus megachaetus Shen et al., 2011". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (1): 18. doi:10.2988/11-41.1. S2CID 86642220.

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Farrell, A.H.; Hohenstein, K.A.; Shain, D.H. (2004). "Molecular adaptation in the ice worm, Mesenchytraeus solifugus: divergence of energetic-associated genes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 59 (5): 666–673. Bibcode:2004JMolE..59..666F. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-2658-z. PMID 15693622. S2CID 22139929.

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nichols.edu

"Ice Worms (Mesenchytraeus solifugus) and Their Habitats on North Cascade Glaciers-North Cascade Glacier Climate Project". North Cascade Glacier Climate Project. November 6, 2008. Archived from the original on 2009-02-09. Retrieved 17 July 2021.

glaciers.nichols.edu

"Ice Worms – North Cascade Glacier Climate Project". glaciers.nichols.edu. Retrieved 2025-12-17.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

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Shain, Daniel H.; Carter, Melissa R.; Murray, Kurt P.; Maleski, Karen A.; Smith, Nancy R.; McBride, Taresha R.; Michalewicz, Lisa A.; Saidel, William M. (2000). "Morphologic characterization of the ice worm Mesenchytraeus solifugus". Journal of Morphology. 246 (3): 192–7. doi:10.1002/1097-4687(200012)246:3<192::AID-JMOR3>3.0.CO;2-B. PMID 11077431. S2CID 30143253.
Farrell, A.H.; Hohenstein, K.A.; Shain, D.H. (2004). "Molecular adaptation in the ice worm, Mesenchytraeus solifugus: divergence of energetic-associated genes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 59 (5): 666–673. Bibcode:2004JMolE..59..666F. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-2658-z. PMID 15693622. S2CID 22139929.

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Greenfieldboyce, Nell (July 13, 2021). "It's Summer, And That Means The Mysterious Return Of Glacier Ice Worms". NPR. Retrieved 17 July 2021.

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Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus gigachaetus, new name, a replacement name for Mesenchytraeus megachaetus Shen et al., 2011". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (1): 18. doi:10.2988/11-41.1. S2CID 86642220.

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)

Schmelz, Rüdiger M.; Collado, Rut (2012). "An updated checklist of currently accepted species of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida)". VTI Agriculture and Forestry Research. 357: 67–87.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

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Healy, Brenda; Fend, Steve (2002). "The occurrence of Mesenchytraeus (Enchytraeidae: Oligochaeta) in riffle habitats of north-west Subnautica below zero rivers, with description of a new species". Journal of Natural History. 36 (1): 15–23. doi:10.1080/713833842. S2CID 84290342.
Shain, Daniel H.; Carter, Melissa R.; Murray, Kurt P.; Maleski, Karen A.; Smith, Nancy R.; McBride, Taresha R.; Michalewicz, Lisa A.; Saidel, William M. (2000). "Morphologic characterization of the ice worm Mesenchytraeus solifugus". Journal of Morphology. 246 (3): 192–7. doi:10.1002/1097-4687(200012)246:3<192::AID-JMOR3>3.0.CO;2-B. PMID 11077431. S2CID 30143253.
Farrell, A.H.; Hohenstein, K.A.; Shain, D.H. (2004). "Molecular adaptation in the ice worm, Mesenchytraeus solifugus: divergence of energetic-associated genes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 59 (5): 666–673. Bibcode:2004JMolE..59..666F. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-2658-z. PMID 15693622. S2CID 22139929.
Qi Shen; Jing Chen; Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus monodiverticulus sp. nov. (Annelida: Cliterllata: Enchytraeidae) from Changbai Mountain, with a key to Mesenchytraeus with enlarged chaetae". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (3): 215–227. doi:10.2988/12-08.1. S2CID 84234028.
Qi Shen; Jing Chen; Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus monodiverticulus sp. nov. (Annelida: Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) from Changbai Mountain, with a key to Mesenchytraeus with enlarged chaetae". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (3): 215–227. doi:10.2988/12-08.1. S2CID 84234028.
Zhicai Xie (2012). "Mesenchytraeus gigachaetus, new name, a replacement name for Mesenchytraeus megachaetus Shen et al., 2011". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 125 (1): 18. doi:10.2988/11-41.1. S2CID 86642220.

senckenberg.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Schmelz, Rüdiger M.; Collado, Rut (2015). "Checklist of taxa of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta): an update" (PDF). Soil Organisms. 87 (2): 149–152. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2017-01-23.

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inhs.uiuc.edu

Kathryn A. Coates; Jan M. Locke; Brenda M. Healy; Mark J. Wetzel (August 26, 2008). "The aphanoneuran and clitellate Annelida occurring in the United States and Canada: families Enchytraeidae and Propappidae". University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved January 22, 2010.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Schmelz, Rüdiger M.; Collado, Rut (2015). "Checklist of taxa of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta): an update" (PDF). Soil Organisms. 87 (2): 149–152. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
"Ice Worms (Mesenchytraeus solifugus) and Their Habitats on North Cascade Glaciers-North Cascade Glacier Climate Project". North Cascade Glacier Climate Project. November 6, 2008. Archived from the original on 2009-02-09. Retrieved 17 July 2021.

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Shain, Daniel H; Mason, Tarin A; Farrell, Angela H; Michalewicz, Lisa A (Oct 2001). "Distribution and behavior of ice worms (Mesenchytraeus solifugus) in south-central Alaska". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 79 (10): 1813–1821. doi:10.1139/z01-143. ISSN 0008-4301.

Ice worm (English Wikipedia)

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