in 1988, during the first visit of Juan Carlos de Borbón and his wife to Pamplona, the Baleztenas kept all windows and shutters closed (except the premises inhabited by Joaquincho Baleztena), see ABC 22.10.13 available here
Silvia Baleztena Abarrategui unsuccessfully ran for the Cortes in 2011 on the Derecha Navarra y Española ticket. The Baleztena house in Leitza remains a highly contested political symbol until today; during the wedding of Joaquíncho in 1971 it was protected by the police against ETA; in 1996 and 2012 it was assaulted by the Basque nationalists with the Spanish banner torn away from the balcony and burnt down, see ABC 20.08.96 available here and ABC 16.08.12 available here
following removal of Javier María Pascual Ibañez as editor-in-chief after his 4-year tenure, see La Vanguardia 26.08.1970 available here, also Martorell Peréz 2009, pp. 470-471; the partisan Huguista perspective in Josep Carles Clemente, Historia del Carlismo contemporaneo, Barcelona 1977, ISBN9788425307591, esp. the chapter El "affaire" de "El Pensamiento Navarro", pp. 63-71. Four years earlier Baleztena considered Pascual an appropriate candidate for leading the paper and endorsed him, Mercedes Vázquez de Prada, El final de una ilusión. Auge y declive del tradicionalismo carlista (1957-1967), Madrid 2016, ISBN9788416558407, p. 304. It is worth noting that in 1968 Joaquíncho Baleztena intervened with Manuel Fraga to get Pascual released from jail, ABC 22.10.13 available here; for details see Rosa Marina Errea, Javier María Pascual y "El pensamiento navarro": "con él llego el escándalo" (1966-1970), Pamplona 2007, ISBN8477681929, 9788477681922
antzinako.org
Eugenio was Teniente de Alcalde of Pamplona, while Juan Pedro was the Alcalde himself, see Araiza genealogy available here
archive.org
Premín de Iruña blog, entry 12.04.11, he specialised in studying popular feasts, e.g. in the 1920 congress he was Secretary of the Comisión de Festejos, see here
archive.today
appointment of a 31-year-old for a 78,000 euro job raised many eyebrows, though comments focused on Pancha Navarrete rather than on the Baleztena family, see Noticias de Navarra 19.12.13 available hereArchived 2014-11-07 at archive.today
bne.es
hemerotecadigital.bne.es
Ángel García-Sanz Marcotegui, Elites económicas y políticas en la Restauración. La diversidad de las derechas navarras, [in:] Historia contemporánea, 23 (2001), pp. 623-5; Annuario Riera of 1902 lists him among 20 "most important" rural owners in the merindad of Pamplona, see here
he contributed to numerous newspapers, mostly Navarrese ones (El Pensamiento Navarro, Pregón, Diario de Navarra), though also to El Pueblo Vasco (San Sebastián), Euskalerria (Montevideo), Vida Vasca (Vitoria), La Fiesta Brava (Barcelona), Estampa Tradicionalista (Tolosa), Tradición Vasca (San Sebastian), listed after del Burgo 1954, 144; his pen-names were Premín de Iruña, Tiburcio de Okabío and José Miel, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 10.11.10. For a sample see El Siglo Futuro 04.07.1935, available here
for a sample see El Siglo Futuro 31.10.1935, available here; it is worth noting that he fell short of directly contributing to the wartime propaganda; he is not mentioned in Francisco Javier Caspistegui, "Spain's Vendee": Carlist identity in Navarre as a mobilising model, [in:] Chris Ealham, Michael Richards (eds.), The Splintering of Spain, Cambridge 2005, ISBN9780511132636, pp. 177-195
csic.es
digital.csic.es
José Andrés-Gallego, Pedro Pegenaute Garde, Navarra ca.1900-ca.1975, s.l., available hereArchived 2014-11-08 at the Wayback Machine, pp. 546-547
datamina.net
asnabi.datamina.net
in November 1937 Ignacio Baleztena was nominated member of Comisión Depuradora, entrusted with purging Navarrese libraries; moreover, he represented Delegación de Cultura de la F.E.T. y de las J.O.N.S. in this body; the commission reported completing its works in September 1938; the issue is not clear as Baleztena was on the frontline at that time, see Reyes Berruezo Albéniz, Depuración de bibliotecas y censura de libros en Navarra durante la Guerra Civil de 1936, p. 57 available here[permanent dead link]; during the 1942 crisis, triggered by the Begoña incident, Ignacio insisted Carlists do not withdraw from the Pamplona ayuntamiento, Villanueva Martínez 2003, p. 106. For confrontation between Carlists and the Falangists civil governors see Alvaro Baraibar Etxeberria, La Navarra sotto il Franchismo: la lotta per il controllo provinciale tra i governatori civili e la Diputacion Foral (1945-1955), [in:] Nazioni e Regioni, Bari 2013, ISSN2282-5681
enciclopedianavarra.com
see BALEZTENA ASCARATE, Pedro María entry at Gran Enciclopedia Navarra available hereArchived 2014-11-08 at the Wayback Machine, or Pedro María Baleztena Ascarate entry at Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here; Luis Baleztena Abarrategui, son of Ignacio, was also a locally known athlete, see Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here
euskomedia.org
see Joaquín Baleztena Muñagorri entry at Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here
see BALEZTENA ASCARATE, Pedro María entry at Gran Enciclopedia Navarra available hereArchived 2014-11-08 at the Wayback Machine, or Pedro María Baleztena Ascarate entry at Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here; Luis Baleztena Abarrategui, son of Ignacio, was also a locally known athlete, see Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here
his Arraiza Baleztena cousins were the very founders of the society, see Francisco Javier Arraiza Baleztena entry at Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here
as part of a wider agreement, Museo de Recuerdos Históricos was to be moved to the Citadel of Pamplona, which was about to be handed over by the army to municipal authorities. Amidst mutual accusations between the Baleztenas and the Pamplona Ayuntamiento, most of the objects ended up in the Baleztena house. Once Dolores Baleztena became the general depositary, she started to make the objects available on various periodical displays and exhibitions. They were seized from one of them by Euskalherriko Karlista Alderdia, a vasconavarrese branch of Partido Carlista, in 1975. The Baleztena family lost the ensuing lawsuit against EKA. Thirty years later some of the objects were donated by EKA to Museum of Carlism, where they are currently on display. EKA is unhappy with the way Museum presents Carlism (children of the deceased EKA leader José Ángel Pérez-Nievas Abascal rejected invitation to attend the opening ceremony) and considers depositing other objects somewhere else, see José Fermín Garralda Arizcun blog available here and Javier Hermoso de Mendoza blog available here; analysis of Pamplona ayuntamiento politics during late Francoism see María del Mar Larraza Micheltorena, El ayuntamiento pamplonés en el tardofranquismo, [in:] La Transició de la dictadura franquista a la democràcia, Barcelona 2005, ISBN8460973972, pp. 68-79, available hereArchived 2014-11-09 at the Wayback Machine
for filmography see here, for a sample of her movie performance see here
lavanguardia.com
hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com
following removal of Javier María Pascual Ibañez as editor-in-chief after his 4-year tenure, see La Vanguardia 26.08.1970 available here, also Martorell Peréz 2009, pp. 470-471; the partisan Huguista perspective in Josep Carles Clemente, Historia del Carlismo contemporaneo, Barcelona 1977, ISBN9788425307591, esp. the chapter El "affaire" de "El Pensamiento Navarro", pp. 63-71. Four years earlier Baleztena considered Pascual an appropriate candidate for leading the paper and endorsed him, Mercedes Vázquez de Prada, El final de una ilusión. Auge y declive del tradicionalismo carlista (1957-1967), Madrid 2016, ISBN9788416558407, p. 304. It is worth noting that in 1968 Joaquíncho Baleztena intervened with Manuel Fraga to get Pascual released from jail, ABC 22.10.13 available here; for details see Rosa Marina Errea, Javier María Pascual y "El pensamiento navarro": "con él llego el escándalo" (1966-1970), Pamplona 2007, ISBN8477681929, 9788477681922
another crisis in El Pensamiento Navarro followed in 1971, see La Vanguardia 21.12.1971 available here
mcp.es
compare David Allegría Suescun, Historia del abastecimiento de agua en la Comarca de Pamplona available here
muthikoalaiak.org
Premín de Iruña blog, entry 10.02.11. Some sources claim he engaged in politics half-heartedly, as his genuine passion was culture, see hereArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
introducing dances posed as traditional, though in fact heavily redesigned or plainly invented, like xingola-dantza, el aurresku, la espatadantza de Amaia, la uztai-dantza, Banako, Binako y Launako, la zahagi-dantza, makil-dantza, see Muthiko web page available hereArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
Premín de Iruña blog, entry 01.02.12; some define his Carlism as lifestyle rather than ideology, and consider his cultural activities - Muthiko in particular - part of this outlook, see hereArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine; similar approach was demonstrated in Gipuzkoa by the Gipuzkoan Carlist Jefe, Antonio Arrue, see Manuel Martorell, Antonio Arrue, el carlista que colaboró en el relanzamiento de Euskaltzaindia, [in:] Euskera: Euskaltzaindiaren lan eta agiriak 56/3 (2011), pp. 847-872
the group was considered "foco de falcondismo", see Martorell Pérez 2009, pp. 268, 352; during the sanfermines of 1939 Ramón Serrano Suñer intervened with Luis Arellano to prevent Muthiko from shouting "Viva el Rey", Martorell Pérez 2009, p. 247; "gritaremos todos juntos: ¡Viva el Rey!" was the customary cry which used to commence all Muthiko performances, Muthiko web pageArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
the years of 1962-1974 are considered "golden age" of the organisation by the current Muthikos; during that period the association opened new sections: mountain tourism, football, weight lifting and so on; its office was at the prestigious Plaza del Castillo; compare also the list of activities flavoured by anti-Francoism published at Muthiko web page[permanent dead link] l
compare the vision of Carlist participation in the Civil War offered by the official web site of Muthiko, "La realidad de todos es sabida, vista con la perspectiva y la objetividad que dan los años: los voluntarios son manipulados por los intereses de las clases dominantes y se ven envueltos en una lucha fratricida de tres años, pueblo contra pueblo, sin otro vencecor que la oligarquía" at Muthiko web pageArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
see postcard collections at Muthiko web pageArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine; note also the Muthiko graphical production, mocking the clergy and the popes
mutilzarra.org
specialising in geriatrics and co-founder of Peña Mutilzarra; the association, founded in 1992, declares itself unpolitical and dedicated to traditional local customs; see its website available here
navarra.es
navarra.es
he kept writing plays also later on, mostly comedies mixing absurd humour with political mockery: Bromicas de Cupido, El Capitán Cornoboutt o una invernada en los hielos, El ópalo de los Duques de Olofgrado, Abundio, te la cedo, Futri contra Campiñarri, De cómo Kilikizarra murió y estiró la garra, Cirilo por San Fermín pasó aventuras sin fin, Los caballeros de la Luna, El submarino de Dositeo, Los misterios de Mendillorri, quoted after Jaime del Burgo, Catálogo bio-bibliográfico, Pamplona 1954, p. 144, available here
in terms of attendance in the 1960s the Javieradas were eclipsed by another Carlist annual gatherings, namely the Montejurra aplecs, which were also launched by Baleztena, namely Ignacio's sister Dolores, see Francisco Javier Caspistegui Gorasurreta, Navarra y el carlismo durante el régimen de Franco: la utopía de la identidad unitaria, [in:] Investigaciones históricas: Época moderna y contemporánea, 17 (1997), p. 309. In 1970s Montejurra dramatically lost popularity and attracts few hundreds now, see Jeremy MacClancy, The Decline of Carlism, Reno 2000, ISBN9780874173444, p. 275, his also An anthropological approach to carlist ritual: Montejurra during francoism, [in:] Violencias fraticidas. Jornadas de Estudio del Carlismo, Estella 2009, ISBN9788423531653, pp. 299-322. The Javierada of 2014 attracted 24,000 people, see navarrese local service available here
turismo.navarra.es
initially it was intended to be named Museo de las Guerras Carlistas; the name was abandoned due to the pressure on part of the Francoist regime, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 9.1.14; the building is now hosting Museo Pablo Sarasate, see turismo.navarra available here
noticiasdenavarra.com
m.noticiasdenavarra.com
appointment of a 31-year-old for a 78,000 euro job raised many eyebrows, though comments focused on Pancha Navarrete rather than on the Baleztena family, see Noticias de Navarra 19.12.13 available hereArchived 2014-11-07 at archive.today
named "Torrea" and "Petrorena"; Javier Baleztena Abarrategui, Premín de Iruña blog available here, entry 08.09.11
revues.org
argonauta.revues.org
Javier Ugarte Tellería, Un episodio de "estilización" de la política antirrepublicana: la fiesta de San Francisco Javier de 1931 en Pamplona, [in:] L. Castells (ed.), El rumor de lo cotidiano, Estudios sobre el País Vasco contemporáneo, Bilbao 1999, pp. 159-182. In his other work, La nueva Covadonga insurgente: orígenes sociales y culturales de la sublevación de 1936 en Navarra y el País Vasco, Madrid 1998, ISBN847030531X, 9788470305313, Javier Ugarte Tellería makes repeated parallel references to Carlism and Nazism, e.g. comparing alliance between Carlism and upper strata to alliance between NSDAP and plutocracy (p. 38), Navarrese social fabric to East Prussian social fabric (p. 40), Requete standby of July 36 to SA standby in January 1933 (p. 148), Traditionalist means of cultural mobilization to Nazi means of cultural mobilization (p. 160), Navarrese conservative stronghold to Bavarian conservative stronghold (p. 231), mechanism of Spaniards embracing authoritarianism to mechanisms of Germans embracing authoritarianism (p. 245), the role of Bible to the role of Mein Kampf (p. 250), Carlists dumping electoral strategy to Hitler dumping insurrectionist strategy (p. 262), provocative Requete demonstrations to provocative SA demonstrations (p. 273), marginalization of socially radical Carlist aetistas to marginalization of socially radical Rohm faction in SA (p. 293, 426), Navarrese sense of foralism to German sense of Heimat (p. 306). Ignacio Baleztena is mentioned by Ugarte as a politician and "extravagant figure" rather than as a man of culture. Another author highlighting similarity between Carlist and Nazi cultural policy advances a somewhat competitive thesis, namely that the two promoted not traditional, but modern means of social mobilisation, named "reactionary modernism", see Francisco Javier Caspistegui Gorasurreta, Paradójicos reaccionarios: la modernidad contra la República de la Comunión Tradicionalista, [in:] El Argonauta Espanol 9 (2012), available here
the old medieval ritual was reinstated by the city council around the year of 1860, see sanfermines.net available here
sasua.net
as part of a wider agreement, Museo de Recuerdos Históricos was to be moved to the Citadel of Pamplona, which was about to be handed over by the army to municipal authorities. Amidst mutual accusations between the Baleztenas and the Pamplona Ayuntamiento, most of the objects ended up in the Baleztena house. Once Dolores Baleztena became the general depositary, she started to make the objects available on various periodical displays and exhibitions. They were seized from one of them by Euskalherriko Karlista Alderdia, a vasconavarrese branch of Partido Carlista, in 1975. The Baleztena family lost the ensuing lawsuit against EKA. Thirty years later some of the objects were donated by EKA to Museum of Carlism, where they are currently on display. EKA is unhappy with the way Museum presents Carlism (children of the deceased EKA leader José Ángel Pérez-Nievas Abascal rejected invitation to attend the opening ceremony) and considers depositing other objects somewhere else, see José Fermín Garralda Arizcun blog available here and Javier Hermoso de Mendoza blog available here; analysis of Pamplona ayuntamiento politics during late Francoism see María del Mar Larraza Micheltorena, El ayuntamiento pamplonés en el tardofranquismo, [in:] La Transició de la dictadura franquista a la democràcia, Barcelona 2005, ISBN8460973972, pp. 68-79, available hereArchived 2014-11-09 at the Wayback Machine
uab.cat
centresderecerca.uab.cat
as part of a wider agreement, Museo de Recuerdos Históricos was to be moved to the Citadel of Pamplona, which was about to be handed over by the army to municipal authorities. Amidst mutual accusations between the Baleztenas and the Pamplona Ayuntamiento, most of the objects ended up in the Baleztena house. Once Dolores Baleztena became the general depositary, she started to make the objects available on various periodical displays and exhibitions. They were seized from one of them by Euskalherriko Karlista Alderdia, a vasconavarrese branch of Partido Carlista, in 1975. The Baleztena family lost the ensuing lawsuit against EKA. Thirty years later some of the objects were donated by EKA to Museum of Carlism, where they are currently on display. EKA is unhappy with the way Museum presents Carlism (children of the deceased EKA leader José Ángel Pérez-Nievas Abascal rejected invitation to attend the opening ceremony) and considers depositing other objects somewhere else, see José Fermín Garralda Arizcun blog available here and Javier Hermoso de Mendoza blog available here; analysis of Pamplona ayuntamiento politics during late Francoism see María del Mar Larraza Micheltorena, El ayuntamiento pamplonés en el tardofranquismo, [in:] La Transició de la dictadura franquista a la democràcia, Barcelona 2005, ISBN8460973972, pp. 68-79, available hereArchived 2014-11-09 at the Wayback Machine
uni-muenchen.de
mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de
Albert Carreras, Doctor Jordi Nadal: la industrialització i el desenvolupament econòmic d'Espanya, vol. 2, Barcelona 1999, ISBN8447521451, 9788447521456 p. 910, Josean Garrues-Irurzun, Public utility of water and private service of production and distribution of electricity in Pamplona, 1893-1961, Madrid 2008, available here
unirioja.es
dialnet.unirioja.es
for bibliography see Dialnet service available here
web.archive.org
José Andrés-Gallego, Pedro Pegenaute Garde, Navarra ca.1900-ca.1975, s.l., available hereArchived 2014-11-08 at the Wayback Machine, pp. 546-547
see BALEZTENA ASCARATE, Pedro María entry at Gran Enciclopedia Navarra available hereArchived 2014-11-08 at the Wayback Machine, or Pedro María Baleztena Ascarate entry at Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here; Luis Baleztena Abarrategui, son of Ignacio, was also a locally known athlete, see Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia available here
Premín de Iruña blog, entry 10.02.11. Some sources claim he engaged in politics half-heartedly, as his genuine passion was culture, see hereArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
as part of a wider agreement, Museo de Recuerdos Históricos was to be moved to the Citadel of Pamplona, which was about to be handed over by the army to municipal authorities. Amidst mutual accusations between the Baleztenas and the Pamplona Ayuntamiento, most of the objects ended up in the Baleztena house. Once Dolores Baleztena became the general depositary, she started to make the objects available on various periodical displays and exhibitions. They were seized from one of them by Euskalherriko Karlista Alderdia, a vasconavarrese branch of Partido Carlista, in 1975. The Baleztena family lost the ensuing lawsuit against EKA. Thirty years later some of the objects were donated by EKA to Museum of Carlism, where they are currently on display. EKA is unhappy with the way Museum presents Carlism (children of the deceased EKA leader José Ángel Pérez-Nievas Abascal rejected invitation to attend the opening ceremony) and considers depositing other objects somewhere else, see José Fermín Garralda Arizcun blog available here and Javier Hermoso de Mendoza blog available here; analysis of Pamplona ayuntamiento politics during late Francoism see María del Mar Larraza Micheltorena, El ayuntamiento pamplonés en el tardofranquismo, [in:] La Transició de la dictadura franquista a la democràcia, Barcelona 2005, ISBN8460973972, pp. 68-79, available hereArchived 2014-11-09 at the Wayback Machine
introducing dances posed as traditional, though in fact heavily redesigned or plainly invented, like xingola-dantza, el aurresku, la espatadantza de Amaia, la uztai-dantza, Banako, Binako y Launako, la zahagi-dantza, makil-dantza, see Muthiko web page available hereArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
Premín de Iruña blog, entry 01.02.12; some define his Carlism as lifestyle rather than ideology, and consider his cultural activities - Muthiko in particular - part of this outlook, see hereArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine; similar approach was demonstrated in Gipuzkoa by the Gipuzkoan Carlist Jefe, Antonio Arrue, see Manuel Martorell, Antonio Arrue, el carlista que colaboró en el relanzamiento de Euskaltzaindia, [in:] Euskera: Euskaltzaindiaren lan eta agiriak 56/3 (2011), pp. 847-872
the group was considered "foco de falcondismo", see Martorell Pérez 2009, pp. 268, 352; during the sanfermines of 1939 Ramón Serrano Suñer intervened with Luis Arellano to prevent Muthiko from shouting "Viva el Rey", Martorell Pérez 2009, p. 247; "gritaremos todos juntos: ¡Viva el Rey!" was the customary cry which used to commence all Muthiko performances, Muthiko web pageArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
compare the vision of Carlist participation in the Civil War offered by the official web site of Muthiko, "La realidad de todos es sabida, vista con la perspectiva y la objetividad que dan los años: los voluntarios son manipulados por los intereses de las clases dominantes y se ven envueltos en una lucha fratricida de tres años, pueblo contra pueblo, sin otro vencecor que la oligarquía" at Muthiko web pageArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
see postcard collections at Muthiko web pageArchived 2014-10-05 at the Wayback Machine; note also the Muthiko graphical production, mocking the clergy and the popes
wikipedia.org
es.wikipedia.org
Silvia Baleztena Abarrategui unsuccessfully ran for the Cortes in 2011 on the Derecha Navarra y Española ticket. The Baleztena house in Leitza remains a highly contested political symbol until today; during the wedding of Joaquíncho in 1971 it was protected by the police against ETA; in 1996 and 2012 it was assaulted by the Basque nationalists with the Spanish banner torn away from the balcony and burnt down, see ABC 20.08.96 available here and ABC 16.08.12 available here
as part of a wider agreement, Museo de Recuerdos Históricos was to be moved to the Citadel of Pamplona, which was about to be handed over by the army to municipal authorities. Amidst mutual accusations between the Baleztenas and the Pamplona Ayuntamiento, most of the objects ended up in the Baleztena house. Once Dolores Baleztena became the general depositary, she started to make the objects available on various periodical displays and exhibitions. They were seized from one of them by Euskalherriko Karlista Alderdia, a vasconavarrese branch of Partido Carlista, in 1975. The Baleztena family lost the ensuing lawsuit against EKA. Thirty years later some of the objects were donated by EKA to Museum of Carlism, where they are currently on display. EKA is unhappy with the way Museum presents Carlism (children of the deceased EKA leader José Ángel Pérez-Nievas Abascal rejected invitation to attend the opening ceremony) and considers depositing other objects somewhere else, see José Fermín Garralda Arizcun blog available here and Javier Hermoso de Mendoza blog available here; analysis of Pamplona ayuntamiento politics during late Francoism see María del Mar Larraza Micheltorena, El ayuntamiento pamplonés en el tardofranquismo, [in:] La Transició de la dictadura franquista a la democràcia, Barcelona 2005, ISBN8460973972, pp. 68-79, available hereArchived 2014-11-09 at the Wayback Machine
some authors claim Baleztena was director of "Museo de Navarra", which seems to be a currently existing museum in Pamplona, see Mercedes Vázquez de Prada Tiffe, La reorganización del carlismo vasco en los sesenta. Entre la pasividad y el "separatismo, [in:] Vasconia: Cuadernos de historia - geografía, 38 (2012), p. 1115, Mercedes Vázquez de Prada Tiffe, El nuevo rumbo político del carlismo hacia la colaboración con el régimen (1955-56), [in:] Hispania 69/231 (2009), p. 185, Egaña 2005, p. 83. On the other hand, del Burgo 1954, p. 144 claims he was director of "Museos de Navarra", which sounds like a department within the provincial administrative board
in terms of attendance in the 1960s the Javieradas were eclipsed by another Carlist annual gatherings, namely the Montejurra aplecs, which were also launched by Baleztena, namely Ignacio's sister Dolores, see Francisco Javier Caspistegui Gorasurreta, Navarra y el carlismo durante el régimen de Franco: la utopía de la identidad unitaria, [in:] Investigaciones históricas: Época moderna y contemporánea, 17 (1997), p. 309. In 1970s Montejurra dramatically lost popularity and attracts few hundreds now, see Jeremy MacClancy, The Decline of Carlism, Reno 2000, ISBN9780874173444, p. 275, his also An anthropological approach to carlist ritual: Montejurra during francoism, [in:] Violencias fraticidas. Jornadas de Estudio del Carlismo, Estella 2009, ISBN9788423531653, pp. 299-322. The Javierada of 2014 attracted 24,000 people, see navarrese local service available here
according to his son, Baleztena was guided by 3 ideas: to preserve Vasco-Navarrese traditions, to confront the Basque nationalism, and to promote Catholic and Traditionalist perspective, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 01.03.12. His amateurish and politicized approach to Basque ethnicity paradoxically brought him close to scholarly anthropological work of Caro Baroja, who denied that persistence of uniform Basque culture over considerable geographical area and throughout all the time is shown by a mere fact that a few vestiges were found that pertained to a Basque cultural cycle, see Jesus Azcona, To Be Basque and to Live in Basque Country The Inequalities of Difference, [in:] Carol J. Greenhouse, Roshanak Kheshti (eds.), Democracy and Ethnography: Constructing Identities in Multicultural Liberal States, New York 1998, ISBN079143964X, 9780791439647, p. 166
after its partial burning in April 1932 the family moved to Leitza and San Sebastián, Premín de Iruña blog, entries 02.11.11 to 22.12.11; his son claims that the perpetrators were led by an unidentified Teniente de Alcalde, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 16.01.12. The Baleztenas accused Gobiernador Civil, Manuel Andrés Casaus, of inertia; Baleztena was also engaged in extinguishing fire following assaults on other institutions, like El Pensamiento Navarro, El Diario de Navarra and finally, in March 1936, on Diputación Foral, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 27.04.12
he replaced Agustín Tellería, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 15.02.12, to the disappointment of Generoso Huarte, active on earlier organisation phases, Antonio Lizarza, Memorias de la conspiración, [in:] Navarra fue la primera, Pamplona 2006, ISBN8493508187, p. 27; Baleztena Abarrategui claims his father handed over to Lizarza late 1933, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 15.02.12; Lizarza claims that his appointment came in September 1934, Lizarza 2006, pp. 39-40. Slightly different version in Julio Aróstegui, Combatientes Requetés en la Guerra Civil española, 1936-1939, Madrid 2013, ISBN9788499709758, p. 77
especially members of the French Resistance, though also fleeing Jews, providing shelter in Pamplona, Leitza and other locations, Premín de Iruña blog, entries 16.10.13, 25.01.14; see also Martorell Peréz 2009, pp. 266-8. Among the refugees there was Enrique Roberto Fernando María Luis Felipe de Orleans, the French pretendent to the throne, see ABC 22.10.13
worldcat.org
in November 1937 Ignacio Baleztena was nominated member of Comisión Depuradora, entrusted with purging Navarrese libraries; moreover, he represented Delegación de Cultura de la F.E.T. y de las J.O.N.S. in this body; the commission reported completing its works in September 1938; the issue is not clear as Baleztena was on the frontline at that time, see Reyes Berruezo Albéniz, Depuración de bibliotecas y censura de libros en Navarra durante la Guerra Civil de 1936, p. 57 available here[permanent dead link]; during the 1942 crisis, triggered by the Begoña incident, Ignacio insisted Carlists do not withdraw from the Pamplona ayuntamiento, Villanueva Martínez 2003, p. 106. For confrontation between Carlists and the Falangists civil governors see Alvaro Baraibar Etxeberria, La Navarra sotto il Franchismo: la lotta per il controllo provinciale tra i governatori civili e la Diputacion Foral (1945-1955), [in:] Nazioni e Regioni, Bari 2013, ISSN2282-5681
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for filmography see here, for a sample of her movie performance see here
the Baleztenas entertained the British Foreign Secretary Samuel Hoare in 1941, which was sort of political demonstration aimed against Spain joining the Axis, Premín de Iruña blog, entry 01.03.14; the Baleztenas opposed the apparently the pro-German stance taken by El Pensamiento Navarro, see Martorell Peréz 2009, pp. 263-264; for an opposite anti-British view, see here
