Incel (English Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Incel" in English language version.
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adl.org (Global: 2,523rd place; English: 1,676th place)
- "The Extremist Medicine Cabinet: A Guide to Online 'Pills'". Anti-Defamation League. November 6, 2019. Archived from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2025.
- "Incels (Involuntary celibates)". Anti-Defamation League. July 30, 2020. Archived from the original on July 31, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
- "Online Poll Results Provide New Insights into Incel Community". Anti-Defamation League. September 10, 2020. Archived from the original on January 16, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
apnews.com (Global: 101st place; English: 62nd place)
- Gillies, Rob (March 3, 2021). "Man who used van to kill 10 pedestrians in Toronto guilty". Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 12, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
- "Man's hand blown off; note references violence against women". Associated Press. June 6, 2020. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
- Neumeister, Larry (April 14, 2021). "'Incel' teen held without bail on federal bomb threat charge". Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2021.
arstechnica.com (Global: 473rd place; English: 338th place)
- Orland, Kyle (December 17, 2020). "'Simp,' 'incel' part of newly banned insults on Twitch". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on December 18, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
bbc.co.uk (Global: 11th place; English: 10th place)
- Cooper, Kelly-Leigh (May 31, 2018). "The problem with mass shootings and the media". BBC News. Archived from the original on October 13, 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
bbc.com (Global: 26th place; English: 23rd place)
- "Elliot Rodger: How misogynist killer became 'incel hero'". BBC News. April 25, 2018. Archived from the original on May 12, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
- Taylor, Tim (August 29, 2018). "The woman who founded the 'incel' movement". BBC News. Archived from the original on August 30, 2018. Retrieved September 2, 2025.
- Bell, Chris (November 9, 2017). "Reddit bans 'involuntarily celibate' community". BBC News. Archived from the original on May 17, 2018. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
- "Elliot Rodger: How misogynist killer became 'incel hero '". BBC News. April 26, 2018. Archived from the original on May 12, 2018.
- "Gabrielle Friel: Terror accused 'idolised' Californian spree killer". BBC News. December 14, 2020. Archived from the original on January 29, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
- "Toronto van attack suspect faces more attempted murder charges". BBC News. May 10, 2018. Archived from the original on May 13, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
- "İkbal Uzuner ve Ayşenur Halil'i vahşice öldüren Semih Çelik hakkında neler biliniyor? Olay günü neler yaşandı?" [What is known about Semih Çelik, who brutally killed Ikbal Uzuner and Ayşenur Halil? What happened on the day of the incident?] (in Turkish). BBC. October 7, 2024.
- "Discord: Neden erişim engeli getirildi, uygulama neden eleştiriliyor?" (in Turkish). BBC News Türkçe. October 9, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2025.
berkeley.edu (Global: 621st place; English: 429th place)
belonging.berkeley.edu
- Juan-Torres González, Míriam; Livingston, Laura; Chandra, Tara (September 2025). "(En)Gendering Authoritarianism: A Six-Strategy Framework Examining How Political and Cultural Leaders Weaponize Gender in Ways that Advance Authoritarianism" (PDF) (report). Berkeley, Calif.; Washington, D.C.: Othering & Belonging Institute at UC Berkeley; Over Zero. p. 31. Retrieved September 9, 2026.
books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)
- Salido-Medina, José Luis (2026). "The incel Threat: Analysis through the 'Coercion, Manipulation, Persuasion framework (CMPf)'". In Marrero, Inmaculada; Lobato, Roberto M. (eds.). Policy and Experience in the Prevention of Violent Radicalization in the European Union. London: Routledge. pp. 219–220. doi:10.4324/9781003771548-14. ISBN 978-1-040-91149-5.
- Powell, Anastasia; Sugiura, Lisa (2018). "Resisting rape culture in digital society". In Hall-Sanchez, Amanda K.; Rennison, Callie Marie; DeKeseredy, Walter S. (eds.). The Routledge International Handbook of Violence Studies. London: Routledge. pp. 450–451. doi:10.4324/9781315270265-42. ISBN 978-1-315-27026-5. S2CID 149584002.
[T]he incel community presents just one extreme example of rape culture
- Van Brunt, Brian; Taylor, Chris (2020). Understanding and Treating Incels: Case Studies, Guidance, and Treatment of Violence Risk in the Involuntary Celibate Community. New York: Routledge. pp. 12–15, 203. doi:10.4324/9780367824396. ISBN 978-1-000-22544-0.
- Kaiser (2022): "There are many members within this community who publicly claim that they sympathize with this kind of violence and consider it legitimate. Before 'going ER' became a catchphrase denoting a killing spree directed against women, the formulation 'going Sodini' had already circulated in the manosphere." – via Google Books [page needed]
- O'Donnell, Jessica (2022). "Men's Rights Activism and the Manosphere". Gamergate and Anti-Feminism in the Digital Age. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 40–41. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14057-0_3. ISBN 978-3-031-14057-0.
- Zimmerman, Shannon (2023). "Dangerous Misogyny of the Digital World: The Case of the Manosphere". In Kath, Elizabeth; Lee, Julian C. H.; Warren, Aiden (eds.). The Digital Global Condition. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 122–123. doi:10.1007/978-981-19-9980-2_5. ISBN 978-981-19-9980-2.
- Powell, Emily (2025). "Mass Shooter Manifestos, Identity, and the Language of Moral Agency". The Language of Mass Shooter Manifestos: A Corpus-Based Analysis of Pre-Crime Narratives. New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781032639963. ISBN 978-1-040-32925-2 – via Google Books.[page needed]
- Mantilla, Karla (2015). Gendertrolling: How Misogyny Went Viral. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Praeger. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-44-083317-5.
- Van Brunt & Taylor (2020), p. 16 – via Google Books
- Borgeson, Kevin; Bacigalupo, James (2022). "When Cyberhate Turns to Violence: White Nationalism to the Manosphere". In Bacigalupo, James; Borgeson, Kevin; Valeri, Robin Maria (eds.). Cyberhate: The Far Right in the Digital Age. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. p. 127. ISBN 978-1-7936-0697-6.
- Van Brunt & Taylor (2020), pp. 11–12 – via Google Books
- Powell (2025): "Other incels have also committed violent attacks, and several of these have cited Rodger as their inspiration" – via Google Books [page needed]
businessinsider.com (Global: 201st place; English: 139th place)
- Gell, Aaron (May 24, 2014). "Online Forum For Sexually Frustrated Men Reacts To News That Mass Shooter May Be One Of Their Own". Business Insider. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
bust.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Pennacchia, Robyn (February–March 2016). "'Beta Males' Want To Kill Women Because They Can't Get Laid". Bust. ISSN 1089-4713. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018.
buzzfeednews.com (Global: 2,272nd place; English: 1,284th place)
- Nashrulla, Tasneem (June 6, 2019). "Incels Are Running An Online Suicide Forum That Was Blamed For A Young Woman's Death". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on February 10, 2023. Retrieved May 3, 2023.
- Ansari, Talal; Lange, Ariane (November 5, 2018). "Nearly 10 Years Apart, Attacks On Women Have Eerie Similarities". BuzzFeed News. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2021.
- Mack, David; Jamieson, Amber; Reinstein, Julia (November 3, 2018). "Tallahassee Yoga Shooter Was A Far-Right Misogynist Who Railed Against Women And Minorities Online". BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 4, 2018.
cbc.ca (Global: 110th place; English: 65th place)
- Bowman, John (October 8, 2015). "Warning posted to anonymous forum 4chan before Oregon shooting". CBC News. Archived from the original on January 26, 2018. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
- Nassar, Shanifa (September 14, 2022). "Toronto spa killer pleads guilty to murder in deadly sword attack, cites van attacker as 'inspiration'". CBC News. Archived from the original on June 7, 2023. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
- "Incel-inspired Toronto massage parlour murder was act of terror, judge rules". CBC News. June 6, 2023. Archived from the original on June 6, 2023. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
cinemablend.com (Global: 833rd place; English: 596th place)
- Hurley, Laura (February 27, 2019). "Why Chicago Med's Ripped From The Headlines Episodes Are So Important, According To One Star". Cinemablend. Retrieved June 1, 2025.
cnn.com (Global: 36th place; English: 26th place)
cnn.com
- McLaughlin, Eliott C.; Park, Madison (February 16, 2018). "Social media paints picture of racist 'professional school shooter'". CNN. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
- McLaughlin, Eliott C.; Rose, Andy; Toropin, Konstantin (May 21, 2020). "Suspect in Arizona shooting wanted to target couples, prosecutor says". CNN. Archived from the original on May 22, 2020. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
- Tolan, Casey; Murphy, Paul P.; Devine, Curt; Campbell, Josh; Ebrahimji, Alisha (May 8, 2023). "What we know about the North Texas outlet mall gunman and his online posts". CNN. Archived from the original on May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
edition.cnn.com
- Mezzofiore, Gianluca (April 25, 2018). "The Toronto suspect apparently posted about an 'incel rebellion.' Here's what that means". Atlanta: CNN. Archived from the original on April 26, 2018. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
- Lynch, Jamiel; Simon, Darran (February 18, 2020). "Faye Swetlik died from asphyxiation hours after abduction, coroner says". CNN. Retrieved May 15, 2025.
cnnturk.com (Global: 2,281st place; English: 4,348th place)
- Hürriyet (October 8, 2024). "İncel alarmı: Caniyi öven yazışmalar tespit edildi! – CNN Türk Haberler Son Dakika" (in Turkish). CNN Türk. Retrieved May 23, 2025.
cosmopolitan.com (Global: 1,165th place; English: 799th place)
- Donegan, Moira (May 4, 2018). "Actually We Don't Owe You Sex, and We Never Will". Cosmopolitan. Archived from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
counterhate.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "The Incelosphere: Exposing Pathways into Incel Communities and the Harms They Pose to Women and Children" (PDF) (report). London & Washington, D.C.: Quant Lab; Center for Countering Digital Hate. September 23, 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 13, 2023. Retrieved February 16, 2023.
creativecommons.org (Global: 580th place; English: 287th place)
- Lounela, Emilia; Murphy, Shane; Bedretdin, Ümit (2025). "'The Good Years Have Passed and Will Never Come Again': Political Functions of Nostalgic Fantasies in Incel Discussions". Social Media + Society. 11 (2) 20563051251332679. doi:10.1177/20563051251332679. ISSN 2056-3051.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license. - Preston, Kayla; Halpin, Michael; Maguire, Finlay (2021). "The Black Pill: New Technology and the Male Supremacy of Involuntarily Celibate Men". Men and Masculinities. 24 (5): 823–841. doi:10.1177/1097184X211017954. ISSN 1097-184X. PMC 8600582. PMID 34803370. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Sparks, Brandon; Zidenberg, Alexandra M.; Olver, Mark E. (2022). "Involuntary Celibacy: A Review of Incel Ideology and Experiences with Dating, Rejection, and Associated Mental Health and Emotional Sequelae". Current Psychiatry Reports. 24 (12): 731–740. doi:10.1007/s11920-022-01382-9. ISSN 1535-1645. PMC 9780135. PMID 36394688. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Sugiura, Lisa (2021). The Incel Rebellion: The Rise of the Manosphere and the Virtual War Against Women. Emerald Studies In Digital Crime, Technology and Social Harms. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited. p. 4. doi:10.1108/9781839822544. ISBN 978-1-83982-254-4. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Sparks, Brandon; Zidenberg, Alexandra M.; Olver, Mark E. (2024). "One is the loneliest number: Involuntary celibacy (incel), mental health, and loneliness". Current Psychology. 43 (1): 392–406. doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04275-z. ISSN 1936-4733. PMC 9892684. PMID 36747916. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Lindsay, Angus (2022). "Swallowing the Black Pill: Involuntary Celibates' (Incels) Anti Feminism within Digital Society". International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy. 11 (1): 210–224. doi:10.5204/ijcjsd.2138. ISSN 2202-8005. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Solea, Anda Iulia; Sugiura, Lisa (2023). "Mainstreaming the Blackpill: Understanding the Incel Community on TikTok". European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. 29 (3): 311–336. doi:10.1007/s10610-023-09559-5. ISSN 0928-1371. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Gheorghe, Ruxandra M. (2024). "'Just Be White (JBW)': Incels, Race and the Violence of Whiteness". Affilia. 39 (1): 59–77. doi:10.1177/08861099221144275. ISSN 1552-3020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Smith, David S.; Butler-Warke, Alice; Stevens, Gemma (2025). "'Even though I'm not an incel, I'm still an involuntary celibate': A journey in and out of inceldom". The Communication Review. 28 (1): 1–25. doi:10.1080/10714421.2024.2383814. hdl:10023/31436. ISSN 1547-7487. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Andersen, Jan Christoffer (2024). "To Alleviate Stigma: How Incels Negotiate Masculinity Online". Men and Masculinities. 27 (5): 472–491. doi:10.1177/1097184X241285447. ISSN 1552-6828. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Tietjen, Ruth Rebecca; Tirkkonen, Sanna K. (2023). "The Rage of Lonely Men: Loneliness and Misogyny in the Online Movement of 'Involuntary Celibates' (Incels)". Topoi. 42 (5): 1229–1241. doi:10.1007/s11245-023-09921-6. ISSN 1572-8749. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Aiolfi, Irene; Palena, Nicola; Ó Ciardha, Caoilte; Caso, Letizia (2024). "The incel phenomenon: A systematic scoping review". Current Psychology. 43 (32): 26264–26278. doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06236-6. ISSN 1936-4733. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Grunau, Karolin; Bieselt, Helena E.; Gul, Pelin; Kupfer, Tom R. (2022). "Unwanted celibacy is associated with misogynistic attitudes even after controlling for personality". Personality and Individual Differences. 199 111860. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2022.111860. hdl:2066/282240. ISSN 1873-3549. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Bachaud, Louis; Johns, Sarah E. (2023). "The use and misuse of evolutionary psychology in online manosphere communities: The case of female mating strategies". Evolutionary Human Sciences. 5 e28. doi:10.1017/ehs.2023.22. ISSN 2513-843X. PMC 10600567. PMID 37901586. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Costello, William; Whittaker, Joe; Thomas, Andrew G. (2025). "The Dual Pathways Hypothesis of Incel Harm: A Model of Harmful Attitudes and Beliefs Among Involuntary Celibates". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 54 (5): 1815–1836. doi:10.1007/s10508-025-03161-y. ISSN 1573-2800. PMC 12162687. PMID 40399639. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
crestresearch.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Brace, Lewys (August 26, 2021). "A Short Introduction To The Incel Sub-Culture". Centre for Research and Evidence on Security Threats. Archived from the original on September 2, 2023. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
ctvnews.ca (Global: 779th place; English: 408th place)
- "What's an 'incel'? Unpacking the disturbing Facebook post linked to Toronto van attack". CTV News. April 24, 2018. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
dailydot.com (Global: 1,514th place; English: 928th place)
- Hathaway, Jay (November 10, 2017). "Why Reddit finally banned one of its most misogynistic forums". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on November 11, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
dailyhive.com (Global: 5,887th place; English: 3,288th place)
- Nolan-Smith, Peter (April 24, 2018). "What you need to know about 'The Incel Rebellion'". Daily Hive. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
dallasnews.com (Global: 903rd place; English: 457th place)
- Brumfeild, Loyd (June 22, 2019). "Inspired by Dallas courthouse shooter, Air Force base circulates 'incel' warning signs". The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
democratandchronicle.com (Global: 4,967th place; English: 2,452nd place)
- Andreatta, David (May 4, 2018). "Andreatta: Feeling lonely? You're not alone". Democrat and Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 20, 2020. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
denverpost.com (Global: 937th place; English: 484th place)
- Dallas, Sandra (May 22, 2020). "Book review: In 'Fair Warning,' the lucrative world of DNA testing is fodder for crime". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on August 17, 2020. Retrieved August 18, 2020.
documentjournal.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Hullander, Megan (December 17, 2021). "Inside the incelosphere, where the lonely get lonelier". Document Journal. Archived from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved June 3, 2022.
IncelWiki's "femcel" page, which, along with the vocal majority of incels, largely denies the notion that women can be incels, states that "it is generally accepted that involuntarily celibate women don't exist."
doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)
- Sparks, Brandon; Papandreou, Chloe; Crowther, Eleanor (2026). "Incels: Who Are the Involuntary Celibate?". In Fullwood, C.; Branley-Bell, D.; Orchard, L. J.; Limniou, M.; Stefanova, V. (eds.). The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Cyberpsychology. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-52643-5_125-1. ISBN 978-3-031-52643-5.
- Halpin, Michael; Richard, Norann; Preston, Kayla; Gosse, Meghan; Maguire, Finlay (2025). "Men who hate women: The misogyny of involuntarily celibate men". New Media & Society. 27 (1): 424–442. doi:10.1177/14614448231176777. PMC 11661939. PMID 39711688.
- Halpin, Michael; Richard, Norann; Preston, Kayla; Gosse, Meghan; Maguire, Finlay (2025). "Men who hate women: The misogyny of involuntarily celibate men". New Media & Society. 27 (1): 424–442. doi:10.1177/14614448231176777. ISSN 1461-7315. PMC 11661939. PMID 39711688.
- Lounela, Emilia; Murphy, Shane; Bedretdin, Ümit (2025). "'The Good Years Have Passed and Will Never Come Again': Political Functions of Nostalgic Fantasies in Incel Discussions". Social Media + Society. 11 (2) 20563051251332679. doi:10.1177/20563051251332679. ISSN 2056-3051. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Preston, Kayla; Halpin, Michael; Maguire, Finlay (2021). "The Black Pill: New Technology and the Male Supremacy of Involuntarily Celibate Men". Men and Masculinities. 24 (5): 823–841. doi:10.1177/1097184X211017954. ISSN 1097-184X. PMC 8600582. PMID 34803370. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Sparks, Brandon; Zidenberg, Alexandra M.; Olver, Mark E. (2022). "Involuntary Celibacy: A Review of Incel Ideology and Experiences with Dating, Rejection, and Associated Mental Health and Emotional Sequelae". Current Psychiatry Reports. 24 (12): 731–740. doi:10.1007/s11920-022-01382-9. ISSN 1535-1645. PMC 9780135. PMID 36394688. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Daly, Sarah E.; Reed, Shon M. (2022). "'I Think Most of Society Hates Us': A Qualitative Thematic Analysis of Interviews with Incels". Sex Roles. 86 (1–2): 14–33. doi:10.1007/s11199-021-01250-5. ISSN 0360-0025. S2CID 255008809.
- Sugiura, Lisa (2021). The Incel Rebellion: The Rise of the Manosphere and the Virtual War Against Women. Emerald Studies In Digital Crime, Technology and Social Harms. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited. p. 4. doi:10.1108/9781839822544. ISBN 978-1-83982-254-4. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Helm, Brenna; Scrivens, Ryan; Holt, Thomas J.; Chermak, Steve; Frank, Richard (2024). "Examining incel subculture on Reddit". Journal of Crime and Justice. 47 (1): 27–45. doi:10.1080/0735648X.2022.2074867. ISSN 2158-9119.
- Sparks, Brandon; Zidenberg, Alexandra M.; Olver, Mark E. (2024). "One is the loneliest number: Involuntary celibacy (incel), mental health, and loneliness". Current Psychology. 43 (1): 392–406. doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04275-z. ISSN 1936-4733. PMC 9892684. PMID 36747916. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Lindsay, Angus (2022). "Swallowing the Black Pill: Involuntary Celibates' (Incels) Anti Feminism within Digital Society". International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy. 11 (1): 210–224. doi:10.5204/ijcjsd.2138. ISSN 2202-8005. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- Scaptura, Maria N.; Boyle, Kaitlin M. (2019). "Masculinity Threat, 'Incel' Traits, and Violent Fantasies Among Heterosexual Men in the United States". Feminist Criminology. 15 (3): 278–298. doi:10.1177/1557085119896415. ISSN 1557-0851. S2CID 214333864.
Today's 'incel' discourses—short for 'involuntary celibate'—blame feminism for their celibacy, claim that women are genetically inferior, and complain that women prefer more 'genetically superior' men
- Salido-Medina, José Luis (2026). "The incel Threat: Analysis through the 'Coercion, Manipulation, Persuasion framework (CMPf)'". In Marrero, Inmaculada; Lobato, Roberto M. (eds.). Policy and Experience in the Prevention of Violent Radicalization in the European Union. London: Routledge. pp. 219–220. doi:10.4324/9781003771548-14. ISBN 978-1-040-91149-5.
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Today's 'incel' discourses—short for 'involuntary celibate'—blame feminism for their celibacy, claim that women are genetically inferior, and complain that women prefer more 'genetically superior' men
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