Interchangeable parts (English Wikipedia)

Fitch 1882, p. 4. Fitch, Charles H. (1882), Extra Census Bulletin. Report on the manufacture of fire-arms and ammunition, Washington, DC, USA: United States Government Printing Office.
Boorstin, Daniel J. (7 July 2010) [1965]. "From Skill to Know-how: 'A Circulating Current'". The Americans: The National Experience. Americans Series (volume 2). New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. pp. 31, 32. ISBN 9780307756473. Retrieved 25 February 2024. [...] on May 1 [1798], Eli Whitney of Connecticut wrote the Secretary of the Treasury offering his machinery, water power, and workmen [...] for the manufacture of muskets. Whitney signed a contract for ten thousand muskets, a fantastic number in those days, to be delivered within twenty-eight months.
Sloan 1964, pp. 20–21. Sloan, Alfred P. (1964), McDonald, John (ed.), My Years with General Motors, Garden City, NY, US: Doubleday, LCCN 64011306, OCLC 802024. Republished in 1990 with a new introduction by Peter Drucker (ISBN 978-0385042352).

ctheritage.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Van Dusen 2003. Van Dusen, Albert E. (2003). "Eli Whitney". Laptop Encyclopedia of Connecticut History. CTHeritage.org. Retrieved 18 February 2009..

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Williams, David; Hood, Jamie; Spencer, Dawn; Williams, Alan; Harding, David (13 September 2024). "'The Duke's Lock': a study of the interchangeability of Henry Nock's Board of Ordnance 'Screwless' Lock. Part 1: materials, machines and measurements". Arms & Armour. 21 (2): 33, 19–20. doi:10.1080/17416124.2024.2387930. ISSN 1741-6124.
Hood, Jamie; Harding, David; Williams, David (2 January 2025). "'The Duke's Lock': a study of the interchangeability of Henry Nock's Board of Ordnance 'screwless' lock. Part 2: marks, people and organisation". Arms & Armour. 22 (1): 174. doi:10.1080/17416124.2025.2469397.
Cooper 1984. Cooper, C. C. (1984), "The Portsmouth system of manufacture", Technology and Culture, 25 (2): 182–225, doi:10.2307/3104712, JSTOR 3104712, S2CID 111936139.
Cooper 1984. Cooper, C. C. (1984), "The Portsmouth system of manufacture", Technology and Culture, 25 (2): 182–225, doi:10.2307/3104712, JSTOR 3104712, S2CID 111936139.
Gordon 1989. Gordon, Robert B. (1989), "Simeon North, John Hall, and mechanized manufacturing", Technology and Culture, 30 (1): 179–188, doi:10.2307/3105469, JSTOR 3105469, S2CID 111632820.
Smith 1973. Smith, Merritt Roe (October 1973), "John Hall, Simeon North and the Milling Machine", Technology and Culture, 14 (4): 573–591, doi:10.2307/3102444, JSTOR 3102444, S2CID 111427243.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Cooper 1984. Cooper, C. C. (1984), "The Portsmouth system of manufacture", Technology and Culture, 25 (2): 182–225, doi:10.2307/3104712, JSTOR 3104712, S2CID 111936139.
Cooper 1984. Cooper, C. C. (1984), "The Portsmouth system of manufacture", Technology and Culture, 25 (2): 182–225, doi:10.2307/3104712, JSTOR 3104712, S2CID 111936139.
Gordon 1989. Gordon, Robert B. (1989), "Simeon North, John Hall, and mechanized manufacturing", Technology and Culture, 30 (1): 179–188, doi:10.2307/3105469, JSTOR 3105469, S2CID 111632820.
Smith 1973. Smith, Merritt Roe (October 1973), "John Hall, Simeon North and the Milling Machine", Technology and Culture, 14 (4): 573–591, doi:10.2307/3102444, JSTOR 3102444, S2CID 111427243.

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

lccn.loc.gov

Hounshell 1984. Hounshell, David A. (1984), From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0-8018-2975-8, LCCN 83016269, OCLC 1104810110 Traces in detail the ideal of interchangeable parts, from its origins in 18th-century France, through the gradual development of its practical application via the armory practice ("American system") of the 19th century, to its apex in true mass production beginning in the early 20th century.
Hounshell 1984, pp. 25–46. Hounshell, David A. (1984), From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0-8018-2975-8, LCCN 83016269, OCLC 1104810110 Traces in detail the ideal of interchangeable parts, from its origins in 18th-century France, through the gradual development of its practical application via the armory practice ("American system") of the 19th century, to its apex in true mass production beginning in the early 20th century.
Sloan 1964, pp. 20–21. Sloan, Alfred P. (1964), McDonald, John (ed.), My Years with General Motors, Garden City, NY, US: Doubleday, LCCN 64011306, OCLC 802024. Republished in 1990 with a new introduction by Peter Drucker (ISBN 978-0385042352).

makingthemodernworld.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Making the Modern World – Rational manufacture". Retrieved 20 February 2017.

mmdtkw.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rome, Carthage, and the Punic Wars
Meanwhile Carthage was mass producing warships. And that's not an exaggeration either about numbers or about shipbuilding methods; Carthaginian warships were built up of standard interchangeable parts. We know this not only from contemporary accounts, but also from recovered Carthaginian ships like the half of a Carthaginian ship shown in (c), above, that was recovered off the coast of Marsala at the western tip of Sicily; it was brand new when it was sunk by the Romans, and it still retains marks giving assembly instructions ("tab a into slot b", etc.) Other recovered ships had identical parts.

portsmouthdockyard.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"PORTSMOUTH ROYAL DOCKYARD HISTORY". Archived from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2017.

sciencemuseum.org.uk (Global: low place; English: 8,101^st place)

"Blockmaking - A new departure in manufacturing: Portsmouth blockmaking machinery". Archived from the original on 9 May 2001. Retrieved 24 September 2006.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Cooper 1984. Cooper, C. C. (1984), "The Portsmouth system of manufacture", Technology and Culture, 25 (2): 182–225, doi:10.2307/3104712, JSTOR 3104712, S2CID 111936139.
Cooper 1984. Cooper, C. C. (1984), "The Portsmouth system of manufacture", Technology and Culture, 25 (2): 182–225, doi:10.2307/3104712, JSTOR 3104712, S2CID 111936139.
Gordon 1989. Gordon, Robert B. (1989), "Simeon North, John Hall, and mechanized manufacturing", Technology and Culture, 30 (1): 179–188, doi:10.2307/3105469, JSTOR 3105469, S2CID 111632820.
Smith 1973. Smith, Merritt Roe (October 1973), "John Hall, Simeon North and the Milling Machine", Technology and Culture, 14 (4): 573–591, doi:10.2307/3102444, JSTOR 3102444, S2CID 111427243.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Ford, Henry; Crowther, Samuel (1930), Edison as I Know Him (PDF), New York: Cosmopolitan Book Company, p. 30, archived from the original on 11 October 2012, retrieved 29 September 2011
"PORTSMOUTH ROYAL DOCKYARD HISTORY". Archived from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
"Blockmaking - A new departure in manufacturing: Portsmouth blockmaking machinery". Archived from the original on 9 May 2001. Retrieved 24 September 2006.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Hounshell 1984. Hounshell, David A. (1984), From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0-8018-2975-8, LCCN 83016269, OCLC 1104810110 Traces in detail the ideal of interchangeable parts, from its origins in 18th-century France, through the gradual development of its practical application via the armory practice ("American system") of the 19th century, to its apex in true mass production beginning in the early 20th century.
Hounshell 1984, pp. 25–46. Hounshell, David A. (1984), From the American System to Mass Production, 1800–1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0-8018-2975-8, LCCN 83016269, OCLC 1104810110 Traces in detail the ideal of interchangeable parts, from its origins in 18th-century France, through the gradual development of its practical application via the armory practice ("American system") of the 19th century, to its apex in true mass production beginning in the early 20th century.
Williams, David; Hood, Jamie; Spencer, Dawn; Williams, Alan; Harding, David (13 September 2024). "'The Duke's Lock': a study of the interchangeability of Henry Nock's Board of Ordnance 'Screwless' Lock. Part 1: materials, machines and measurements". Arms & Armour. 21 (2): 33, 19–20. doi:10.1080/17416124.2024.2387930. ISSN 1741-6124.
Sloan 1964, pp. 20–21. Sloan, Alfred P. (1964), McDonald, John (ed.), My Years with General Motors, Garden City, NY, US: Doubleday, LCCN 64011306, OCLC 802024. Republished in 1990 with a new introduction by Peter Drucker (ISBN 978-0385042352).

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