Interstellar object (English Wikipedia)

C/2012 S1 (ISON) had an epoch 1600 barycentric semi-major axis of −145127 and would have an inbound $v \infty$ of 0.2 km/s at 50000 au:
$v = 42.1219 \sqrt 1/50000 - 0.5/-145127$
"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: C/1980 E1 (Bowell)" (1986-12-02 last obs). Retrieved 2010-01-08.

nasa.gov

"Interstellar Asteroid FAQs". NASA. 20 November 2017. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
Handal, Josh; Fox, Karen; Talbert, Tricia (8 April 2022). "U.S. Space Force Releases Decades of Bolide Data to NASA for Planetary Defense Studies". NASA. Retrieved 11 April 2022.

voyager.jpl.nasa.gov

Voyager Fast Facts

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; English: 347^th place)

The ‘Oumuamua ISSI Team; Bannister, Michele T.; Bhandare, Asmita; Dybczyński, Piotr A.; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Guilbert-Lepoutre, Aurélie; Jedicke, Robert; Knight, Matthew M.; Meech, Karen J.; McNeill, Andrew; Pfalzner, Susanne; Raymond, Sean N.; Snodgrass, Colin; Trilling, David E.; Ye, Quanzhi (2019-07-01). "The natural history of ʻOumuamua". Nature Astronomy. 3 (7): 594–602. arXiv:1907.01910. Bibcode:2019NatAs...3..594O. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0816-x. ISSN 2397-3366.

nbcboston.com (Global: low place; English: 6,555^th place)

Fuschetti, Ray; Johnson, Malcolm; Strader, Aaron. "Harvard Professor Believes Alien Tech Could Have Crashed Into Pacific Ocean — And He Wants to Find It". NBC Boston. Retrieved 2 September 2022.

news.harvard.edu (Global: 3,696^th place; English: 2,398^th place)

Reuell, Peter (8 July 2019). "Harvard study suggests asteroids might play key role in spreading life". Harvard Gazette. Retrieved 29 September 2019.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Mumma, M. J.; Disanti, M. A.; Russo, N. D.; Fomenkova, M.; Magee-Sauer, K.; Kaminski, C. D.; Xie, D. X. (1996). "Detection of Abundant Ethane and Methane, Along with Carbon Monoxide and Water, in Comet C/1996 B2 Hyakutake: Evidence for Interstellar Origin". Science. 272 (5266): 1310–1314. Bibcode:1996Sci...272.1310M. doi:10.1126/science.272.5266.1310. PMID 8650540. S2CID 27362518.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Richtel, Matt (11 March 2024). "Surprise: An 'Extraterrestrial' Gadget Was Something More Familiar – In 2014 a fireball from outer space was posited to be an alien artifact. A recent study suggests otherwise". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 March 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Roulette, Joey (15 April 2022). "Military Memo Deepens Possible Interstellar Meteor Mystery – The U.S. Space Command seemed to confirm a claim that a meteor from outside the solar system had entered Earth's atmosphere, but other scientists and NASA are still not convinced. (+ comment)". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
Miller, Katrina (24 July 2023). "Scientist's Deep Dive for Alien Life Leaves His Peers Dubious – Avi Loeb, a Harvard astrophysicist, says that material recovered from the seafloor could be from an extraterrestrial spacecraft. His peers are skeptical. (+ comment)". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; English: 233^rd place)

academic.oup.com

de León, J.; Licandro, J.; de la Fuente Marcos, C.; de la Fuente Marcos, R.; Lara, L. M.; Moreno, F.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; Serra-Ricart, M.; De Prá, M.; Tozzi, G. P.; Souza-Feliciano, A. C.; Popescu, M.; Scarpa, R.; Font Serra, J.; Geier, S.; Lorenzi, V.; Harutyunyan, A.; Cabrera-Lavers, A. (30 April 2020). "Visible and near-infrared observations of interstellar comet 2I/Borisov with the 10.4-m GTC and the 3.6-m TNG telescopes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (2): 2053–2062. arXiv:2005.00786v1. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495.2053D. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1190. S2CID 218486809.

projectpluto.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Gray, Bill (26 October 2017). "Pseudo-MPEC for A/2017 U1 (FAQ File)". Project Pluto. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Gray, Bill. "FAQ for C/2019 Q4 (Borisov)". Project Pluto. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

science.org (Global: 1,007^th place; English: 665^th place)

Clery, Daniel (2021-07-26). "Project launched to look for extraterrestrial visitors to our Solar System". www.science.org. Retrieved 2021-10-22.

sciencealert.com (Global: 6,647^th place; English: 5,633^rd place)

McRae, Mike (1 September 2023). "Material Found in Ocean Is Not From This Solar System, Study Claims". Retrieved 1 September 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

Hajduková, Mária; Kornoš, Leonard (2020-10-01). "The influence of meteor measurement errors on the heliocentric orbits of meteoroids". Planetary and Space Science. 190 104965. Bibcode:2020P&SS..19004965H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2020.104965. ISSN 0032-0633. S2CID 224927095.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-08-01). "A real-time search for interstellar impacts on the moon". Acta Astronautica. 173: 53–55. arXiv:1908.08543. Bibcode:2020AcAau.173...53S. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.04.006. ISSN 0094-5765. S2CID 201645069.

scientificamerican.com (Global: 1,110^th place; English: 817^th place)

Billings, Lee (2019-04-23). "Did a Meteor from Another Star Strike Earth in 2014 – Questionable data cloud the potential discovery of the first known interstellar fireball". Scientific American.
Siraj, Amir (12 April 2022). "Spy Satellites Confirmed Our Discovery of the First Meteor from beyond the Solar System – A high-speed fireball that struck Earth in 2014 looked to be interstellar in origin, but verifying this extraordinary claim required extraordinary cooperation from secretive defense programs". Scientific American. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
O'Callaghan, Jonathan (24 June 2019). "European Comet Interceptor Could Visit an Interstellar Object". Scientific American.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

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Francis, Paul J. (2005-12-20). "The Demographics of Long-Period Comets". The Astrophysical Journal. 635 (2): 1348–1361. arXiv:astro-ph/0509074. Bibcode:2005ApJ...635.1348F. doi:10.1086/497684. S2CID 12767774.
Jewitt, David; Luu, Jane; Rajagopal, Jayadev; Kotulla, Ralf; Ridgway, Susan; Liu, Wilson; Augusteijn, Thomas (2017). "Interstellar Interloper 1I/2017 U1: Observations from the NOT and WIYN Telescopes". The Astrophysical Journal. 850 (2): L36. arXiv:1711.05687. Bibcode:2017ApJ...850L..36J. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa9b2f. S2CID 32684355.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-08-18). "The Case for an Early Solar Binary Companion". The Astrophysical Journal. 899 (2): L24. arXiv:2007.10339. Bibcode:2020ApJ...899L..24S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abac66. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 220665422.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2019). "Identifying Interstellar Objects Trapped in the Solar System through Their Orbital Parameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 872 (1): L10. arXiv:1811.09632. Bibcode:2019ApJ...872L..10S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab042a. S2CID 119198820.
de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl; Aarseth, Sverre J. (6 February 2018). "Where the Solar system meets the solar neighbouurhood: patterns in the distribution of radiants of observed hyperbolic minor bodies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 476 (1): L1–L5. arXiv:1802.00778. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.476L...1D. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly019. S2CID 119405023.
Mumma, M. J.; Disanti, M. A.; Russo, N. D.; Fomenkova, M.; Magee-Sauer, K.; Kaminski, C. D.; Xie, D. X. (1996). "Detection of Abundant Ethane and Methane, Along with Carbon Monoxide and Water, in Comet C/1996 B2 Hyakutake: Evidence for Interstellar Origin". Science. 272 (5266): 1310–1314. Bibcode:1996Sci...272.1310M. doi:10.1126/science.272.5266.1310. PMID 8650540. S2CID 27362518.
de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (11 October 2019). "Comet C/2018 V1 (Machholz–Fujikawa–Iwamoto): dislodged from the Oort Cloud or coming from interstellar space?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 489 (1): 951–961. arXiv:1908.02666. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.489..951D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2229. S2CID 199472877.
Hajduková, Mária; Kornoš, Leonard (2020-10-01). "The influence of meteor measurement errors on the heliocentric orbits of meteoroids". Planetary and Space Science. 190 104965. Bibcode:2020P&SS..19004965H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2020.104965. ISSN 0032-0633. S2CID 224927095.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-10-29). "Observable Signatures of the Ejection Speed of Interstellar Objects from Their Birth Systems". The Astrophysical Journal. 903 (1): L20. arXiv:2010.02214. Bibcode:2020ApJ...903L..20S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abc170. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 222141714.
Feng, Fabo; Jones, Hugh R. A. (2018). "Plausible home stars of the interstellar object ʻOumuamua found in Gaia DR2". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (5): 205. arXiv:1809.09009. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..205B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae3eb. S2CID 119051284.
de León, Julia; Licandro, Javier; Serra-Ricart, Miquel; Cabrera-Lavers, Antonio; Font Serra, Joan; Scarpa, Riccardo; de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (19 September 2019). "Interstellar Visitors: A Physical Characterization of Comet C/2019 Q4 (Borisov) with OSIRIS at the 10.4 m GTC". Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. 3 (9): 131. Bibcode:2019RNAAS...3..131D. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ab449c. S2CID 204193392.
de León, J.; Licandro, J.; de la Fuente Marcos, C.; de la Fuente Marcos, R.; Lara, L. M.; Moreno, F.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; Serra-Ricart, M.; De Prá, M.; Tozzi, G. P.; Souza-Feliciano, A. C.; Popescu, M.; Scarpa, R.; Font Serra, J.; Geier, S.; Lorenzi, V.; Harutyunyan, A.; Cabrera-Lavers, A. (30 April 2020). "Visible and near-infrared observations of interstellar comet 2I/Borisov with the 10.4-m GTC and the 3.6-m TNG telescopes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (2): 2053–2062. arXiv:2005.00786v1. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495.2053D. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1190. S2CID 218486809.
Afanasiev, V. L.; Kalenichenko, V. V.; Karachentsev, I. D. (1 December 2007). "Detection of an intergalactic meteor particle with the 6-m telescope". Astrophysical Bulletin. 62 (4): 301–310. arXiv:0712.1571. Bibcode:2007AstBu..62..301A. doi:10.1134/S1990341307040013. ISSN 1990-3421. S2CID 16340731.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-02-26). "Detecting Interstellar Objects through Stellar Occultations". The Astrophysical Journal. 891 (1): L3. arXiv:2001.02681. Bibcode:2020ApJ...891L...3S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab74d9. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 210116475.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-08-01). "A real-time search for interstellar impacts on the moon". Acta Astronautica. 173: 53–55. arXiv:1908.08543. Bibcode:2020AcAau.173...53S. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.04.006. ISSN 0094-5765. S2CID 201645069.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2019-09-19). "Radio Flares from Collisions of Neutron Stars with Interstellar Asteroids". Research Notes of the AAS. 3 (9): 130. arXiv:1908.11440. Bibcode:2019RNAAS...3..130S. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ab43de. ISSN 2515-5172. S2CID 201698501.
Seligman, Darryl; Laughlin, Gregory (12 April 2018). "The Feasibility and Benefits of in situ Exploration of ʻOumuamua-like Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (5): 217. arXiv:1803.07022. Bibcode:2018AJ....155..217S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aabd37. S2CID 73656586.
Hein, Andreas M.; Perakis, Nikolaos; Eubanks, T. Marshall; Hibberd, Adam; Crowl, Adam; Hayward, Kieran; Kennedy, Robert G. III; Osborne, Richard (7 January 2019). "Project Lyra: Sending a spacecraft to 1I/ʻOumuamua (former A/2017 U1), the interstellar asteroid". Acta Astronautica. 161: 552–561. arXiv:1711.03155. Bibcode:2017arXiv171103155H. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.12.042. S2CID 119474144.
Hibberd, Adam; Hein, Andreas M.; Eubanks, T. Marshall (2020). "Project Lyra: Catching 1I/ʻOumuamua – Mission Opportunities After 2024". Acta Astronautica. 170: 136–144. arXiv:1902.04935. Bibcode:2020AcAau.170..136H. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.01.018. S2CID 119078436.

skyandtelescope.com (Global: 9,383^rd place; English: 8,985^th place)

MacRobert, Alan (2008-12-02). "A Very Oddball Comet". Sky & Telescope. Retrieved 2010-03-26.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
King, Bob (11 September 2019). "Is Another Interstellar Visitor Headed Our Way?". Sky & Telescope. Retrieved 12 September 2019.

space.com (Global: 862^nd place; English: 703^rd place)

Choi, Charles Q. (2007-12-24). "The Enduring Mysteries of Comets". Space.com. Retrieved 2008-12-30.
ʻOumuamua Isn't from Our Solar System. Now We May Know Which Star It Came From
Wall, Mike (30 August 2019). "A Telescope Orbiting the Moon Could Spy 1 Interstellar Visitor Per Year". Space.com.
Choi, Charles Q. (16 April 2019). "The First Known Interstellar Meteor May Have Hit Earth in 2014 – The 3-foot-wide rock rock visited us three years before ʻOumuamua". Space.com. Retrieved 12 April 2022.

theatlantic.com (Global: 322^nd place; English: 198^th place)

Koren, Marina (23 January 2019). "When a Harvard Professor Talks About Aliens – News about extraterrestrial life sounds better coming from an expert at a high-prestige institution". The Atlantic. Retrieved 23 January 2019.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Sample, Ian (15 December 2017). "Is 'Oumuamua an alien spacecraft? Initial scans show no signs of technology". The Guardian.

twitter.com (Global: 43^rd place; English: 43^rd place)

United States Space Command (6 April 2022). "I had the pleasure of signing a memo with @ussfspoc's Chief Scientist, Dr. Mozer, to confirm that a previously-detected interstellar object was indeed an interstellar object, a confirmation that assisted the broader astronomical community". Twitter. Retrieved 12 April 2022.

universetoday.com (Global: 3,994^th place; English: 3,813^th place)

Williams, Matt (2020-11-07). "Vera Rubin Should be Able to Detect a Couple of Interstellar Objects a Month". Universe Today. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
Gough, Evan (18 May 2023). "A Few Interstellar Objects Have Probably Been Captured". Universe Today. Retrieved 19 May 2023.

vice.com (Global: 247^th place; English: 175^th place)

Ferreira, Becky (7 April 2022). "Secret Government Info Confirms First Known Interstellar Object on Earth, Scientists Say – A small meteor that hit Earth in 2014 was from another star system, and may have left interstellar debris on the seafloor". Vice News. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
"Alien-Hunting Astronomer Says There May Be a Second Interstellar Object on Earth in New Study". Vice. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
Ferreira, Becky (8 November 2022). "We Need to Intercept Our Next Interstellar Visitor to See If It's Artificial, Astronomers Say in New Study – A new study games out a mission to intercept an interstellar object in space and get a close-up look to see just what its made of". Vice. Retrieved 8 November 2022.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Interstellar Asteroid FAQs". NASA. 20 November 2017. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
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worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

The ‘Oumuamua ISSI Team; Bannister, Michele T.; Bhandare, Asmita; Dybczyński, Piotr A.; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Guilbert-Lepoutre, Aurélie; Jedicke, Robert; Knight, Matthew M.; Meech, Karen J.; McNeill, Andrew; Pfalzner, Susanne; Raymond, Sean N.; Snodgrass, Colin; Trilling, David E.; Ye, Quanzhi (2019-07-01). "The natural history of ʻOumuamua". Nature Astronomy. 3 (7): 594–602. arXiv:1907.01910. Bibcode:2019NatAs...3..594O. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0816-x. ISSN 2397-3366.
Veras, Dimitri (13 April 2020). "Creating the first interstellar interloper". Nature Astronomy. 4 (9): 835–836. Bibcode:2020NatAs...4..835V. doi:10.1038/s41550-020-1064-9. ISSN 2397-3366.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-08-18). "The Case for an Early Solar Binary Companion". The Astrophysical Journal. 899 (2): L24. arXiv:2007.10339. Bibcode:2020ApJ...899L..24S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abac66. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 220665422.
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Hajduková, Mária; Kornoš, Leonard (2020-10-01). "The influence of meteor measurement errors on the heliocentric orbits of meteoroids". Planetary and Space Science. 190 104965. Bibcode:2020P&SS..19004965H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2020.104965. ISSN 0032-0633. S2CID 224927095.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-10-29). "Observable Signatures of the Ejection Speed of Interstellar Objects from Their Birth Systems". The Astrophysical Journal. 903 (1): L20. arXiv:2010.02214. Bibcode:2020ApJ...903L..20S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abc170. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 222141714.
Afanasiev, V. L.; Kalenichenko, V. V.; Karachentsev, I. D. (1 December 2007). "Detection of an intergalactic meteor particle with the 6-m telescope". Astrophysical Bulletin. 62 (4): 301–310. arXiv:0712.1571. Bibcode:2007AstBu..62..301A. doi:10.1134/S1990341307040013. ISSN 1990-3421. S2CID 16340731.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-02-26). "Detecting Interstellar Objects through Stellar Occultations". The Astrophysical Journal. 891 (1): L3. arXiv:2001.02681. Bibcode:2020ApJ...891L...3S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab74d9. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 210116475.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2020-08-01). "A real-time search for interstellar impacts on the moon". Acta Astronautica. 173: 53–55. arXiv:1908.08543. Bibcode:2020AcAau.173...53S. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.04.006. ISSN 0094-5765. S2CID 201645069.
Siraj, Amir; Loeb, Abraham (2019-09-19). "Radio Flares from Collisions of Neutron Stars with Interstellar Asteroids". Research Notes of the AAS. 3 (9): 130. arXiv:1908.11440. Bibcode:2019RNAAS...3..130S. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ab43de. ISSN 2515-5172. S2CID 201698501.

Interstellar object (English Wikipedia)

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vice.com (Global: 247^th place; English: 175^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)