Investment (military) (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Investment (military)" in English language version.

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books.google.com

Harry Pratt Judson (1961), Caesar's Army: A Study of the Military Art of the Romans in the Last Days of the Republic, New York: Biblo & Tannen, p. 87, ISBN 9780819601131, If an attempt at relief from without was to be feared, another line of works must be created, outside the first, and facing outwards. In modern warfare this latter line is called the circumvallation, and the inner one the contravallation.

"4. Milit. The surrounding or hemming in of a town or fort by a hostile force so as to cut off all communication with the outside; beleaguerment; blockade" (Oxford English Dictionary: investment, n. Second edition, 1989; online version December 2011. Entry/99052. Earlier version first published in New English Dictionary, 1900).
^{[verification needed]} Oxford English Dictionary: circumvallation, n. Second edition, 1989; online version December 2011. Entry/33402. Earlier version first published in New English Dictionary, 1889.
^{[verification needed]} Oxford English Dictionary: contravallation, n. Second edition, 1989; online version December 2011. Entry/40491. Earlier version first published in New English Dictionary, 1893.