Irish language (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Irish language" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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32web.archive.org

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8gov.ie

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7irishtimes.com

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6books.google.com

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4cso.ie

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4rte.ie

491^st place

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3doi.org

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3doegen.ie

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3independent.ie

315^th place

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2forasnagaeilge.ie

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2archive.org

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2nytimes.com

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2handle.net

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2semanticscholar.org

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2irishexaminer.com

1,164^th place

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2tcd.ie

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2ulst.ac.uk

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2heritage.nf.ca

7,906^th place

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2europa.eu

68^th place

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2bbc.co.uk

8^th place

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2worldcat.org

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1arquivo.pt

1,668^th place

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1taoiseach.gov.ie

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1irishnews.com

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1collinsdictionary.com

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1cambridge.org

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1uwm.edu

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1merriam-webster.com

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1ed.gov

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1nisra.gov.uk

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1census.gov

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1ethnologue.com

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1psu.edu

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1thefreedictionary.com

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1worldhistory.org

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1nyhistory.org

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1anglican.org

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1ucd.ie

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1bnf.fr

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1nui.ie

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1irishstatutebook.ie

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1beo.ie

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1theguardian.com

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11^th place

1gaeloideachas.ie

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1repec.org

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1udaras.ie

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1gppac.net

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1thejournal.ie

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1academia.edu

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1techcentral.ie

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1wicklowheritage.org

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1tufts.edu

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1gaelscoileanna.ie

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1teanglann.ie

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1irishlanguage.net

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1oireachtas.ie

3,666^th place

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1degruyter.com

1,425^th place

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1britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

1nualeargais.ie

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1ohchr.org

1,210^th place

1,422^nd place

1un.org

97^th place

164^th place

academia.edu

wpunj.academia.edu

O Broin, Brian. "An Analysis of the Irish-Speaking Communities of North America: Who are they, what are their opinions, and what are their needs?". Academia (in Irish). Archived from the original on 10 May 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.

anglican.org

ireland.anglican.org

"The Irish language and the Church of Ireland". Church of Ireland. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.

archive.org

Dillon, Myles; Ó Cróinín, Donncha (1961). Teach Yourself Irish. London: English Universities Press. p. 227.
Borde, Andrew (1870). Furnivall, F.J. (ed.). "The Fyrst Boke of the Introduction of Knowledge". N. Trubner & Co. pp. 131–135.

arquivo.pt

"Constitution of Ireland". Government of Ireland. 1 July 1937. Archived from the original on 17 July 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2007.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Irish language future is raised". BBC News. 13 December 2006. Archived from the original on 15 March 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2007.

bbc.co.uk

"Beginners' Blas". BBC. June 2005. Archived from the original on 3 March 2009. Retrieved 18 March 2011.

beo.ie

Donncha Ó hÉallaithe: "Litir oscailte chuig Enda Kenny": BEO.ie Archived 20 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

"Allocution en irlandais, par M. Douglas Hyde". Bibliothèque nationale de France. 28 January 1922. Retrieved 6 September 2018.

books.google.com

Doyle, Aidan (2015). A History of the Irish Language: From the Norman Invasion to Independence. Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-19-872476-6. Retrieved 26 September 2024. Modern Irish (MI), sometimes called Late Modern Irish (LMI), is regarded as beginning about 1600 and extending to the present day.
Doyle, Aidan (2015). A History of the Irish Language: From the Norman Invasion to Independence. Oxford University Press. pp. 75–77. ISBN 978-0-19-872476-6. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
De Fréine, Seán (1978). The Great Silence: The Study of a Relationship Between Language and Nationality. Irish Books & Media. ISBN 978-0-85342-516-8.
See the discussion in Wolf, Nicholas M. (2014). An Irish-Speaking Island: State, Religion, Community, and the Linguistic Landscape in Ireland, 1770–1870. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-30274-0.
Blackshire-Belay, Carol (23 February 1994). Current Issues in Second Language Acquisition and Development. University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-8191-9182-3. Retrieved 23 February 2025 – via Google Books.
Quoted in Hardiman, James, The History of the Town and Country of the County of Galway. Dublin 1820: p. 80.

britannica.com

"Celtic languages – Irish | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 16 August 2024.

cambridge.org

dictionary.cambridge.org

"Gaelic". Cambridge English Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 22 December 2018.

census.gov

"1. Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over for the United States: 2006–2008", Language (table), Census, 2010

collinsdictionary.com

"Gaelic definition and meaning". Collins English Dictionary.

cso.ie

"Irish Language and the Gaeltacht – CSO – Central Statistics Office". www.cso.ie. 19 December 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
"Census of Population 2016 – Profile 10 Education, Skills and the Irish Language – CSO – Central Statistics Office". 23 November 2017. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
"Census 2016 Summary Results – Part 1 – CSO – Central Statistics Office". Cso.ie. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
"Census of Population 2022 Profile 8 - The Irish Language and Education". Cso.ie. 19 December 2023. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024.

degruyter.com

"III the morphonology of Irish". The Sound Structure of Modern Irish. De Gruyter Mouton. 11 April 2014. pp. 235–316. doi:10.1515/9783110226607.235. ISBN 978-3-11-022660-7.

doegen.ie

"The Doegen Records Web Project". Archived from the original on 7 September 2018.
"The Doegen Records Web Project". Archived from the original on 8 September 2018.
"The Doegen Records Web Project | DHO". Dho.ie. 5 September 1928. Archived from the original on 19 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.

doi.org

Watson, Iarfhlaith; Nic Ghiolla Phádraig, Máire (September 2009). "Is there an educational advantage to speaking Irish? An investigation of the relationship between education and ability to speak Irish". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (199): 143–156. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2009.039. hdl:10197/5649. S2CID 144222872.
Nic Fhlannchadha, S.; Hickey, T.M. (12 January 2016). "Minority Language Ownership and Authority: Perspectives of Native Speakers and New Speakers". International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. 21 (1): 38–53. doi:10.1080/13670050.2015.1127888. hdl:10197/7394. S2CID 67833553.
"III the morphonology of Irish". The Sound Structure of Modern Irish. De Gruyter Mouton. 11 April 2014. pp. 235–316. doi:10.1515/9783110226607.235. ISBN 978-3-11-022660-7.

ed.gov

files.eric.ed.gov

""Reawakening the Irish Language through the Irish Education System: Challenges and Priorities"" (PDF). International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education.

ethnologue.com

"Irish: Ethnologue". Ethnologue. Retrieved 22 December 2018. Alternate names: Erse, Gaelic Irish, Irish Gaelic

europa.eu

publications.europa.eu

"Interinstitutional Style Guide: Section 7.2.4. Rules governing the languages of the institutions". European Union. 27 April 2016.

ec.europa.eu

"Is í an Ghaeilge an 21ú teanga oifigiúil den Aontas Eorpach" [Irish is the 21st official language of the European Union] (in Irish). Archived from the original on 18 March 2008. Retrieved 14 June 2008.

forasnagaeilge.ie

"Our Role Supporting You". Foras na Gaeilge. Retrieved 8 January 2021. ... between Foras na Gaeilge and Bòrd na Gàidhlig, promoting the use of Irish Gaelic and Scottish Gaelic in Ireland and Scotland ...'
Walsh, John; OʼRourke, Bernadette; Rowland, Hugh (October 2015). Research Report on New Speakers of Irish (PDF) (Report). Foras na Gaeilge. Retrieved 8 June 2023.

gaeloideachas.ie

"Why choose Irish-medium education? | Gaeloideachas". gaeloideachas.ie. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

gaelscoileanna.ie

"Dublin : Gaelscoileanna – Irish Medium Education". Retrieved 8 April 2020.

gov.ie

"Gaeltacht Affairs". www.gov.ie. 5 October 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
"Official Languages Act 2003". www.gov.ie. 22 July 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
"Official Languages Act 2003 (and related legislation)". www.gov.ie. 31 August 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
"Review of Official Language Act 2003". www.gov.ie. 3 July 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
"Irish Language Policy". www.gov.ie. July 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
Roinn an Taoisigh (2019). Official Languages Act 2003: Language Scheme 2019–2022. p. 3.
Government of Ireland (2010). 20-Year Strategy for the Irish Language 2010–2030. p. 11.
"Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media" (PDF). www.gov.ie.

gppac.net

"GPPAC.net". Archived from the original on 13 May 2007.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Watson, Iarfhlaith; Nic Ghiolla Phádraig, Máire (September 2009). "Is there an educational advantage to speaking Irish? An investigation of the relationship between education and ability to speak Irish". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (199): 143–156. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2009.039. hdl:10197/5649. S2CID 144222872.
Nic Fhlannchadha, S.; Hickey, T.M. (12 January 2016). "Minority Language Ownership and Authority: Perspectives of Native Speakers and New Speakers". International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. 21 (1): 38–53. doi:10.1080/13670050.2015.1127888. hdl:10197/7394. S2CID 67833553.

heritage.nf.ca

Mannion, John (February 2003). "The Irish in Newfoundland". Heritage: Newfoundland & Labrador.
Clarke, Sandra; Paddock, Harold; MacKenzie, Marguerite (1999). "Language". Heritage: Newfoundland and Labrador.

independent.ie

"Academic claims the forced learning of Irish 'has failed'". Independent.ie. 19 January 2006.
"TikTok as Gaeilge: Séamus Lehane on keeping Irish alive for future generations". Irish Independent. 2 March 2023. Retrieved 23 February 2025.
"Irish 'fada' to get legal protection – and must appear in all State IT systems and computer keyboards". independent. 8 July 2021. Retrieved 31 December 2022.

irishexaminer.com

Regan, Mary (4 May 2010). "End compulsory Irish, says FG, as 14,000 drop subject". Irish Examiner.
Flaherty, Ciara (30 July 2014). "The Irish college that's making Gaeilge cool". Irish Examiner. Retrieved 23 February 2025.

irishlanguage.net

"Irish Dialects copy of Irishlanguage.net". Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2015.

irishnews.com

Ainsworth, Paul (6 December 2022). "'Historic milestone' passed as Irish language legislation becomes law". The Irish News. Retrieved 7 December 2022.

irishstatutebook.ie

"Obligation to appoint Irish speakers". Archived from the original on 30 November 2005.

irishtimes.com

Wilson, Jade (26 June 2024). "University of Galway president Ciarán Ó hÓgartaigh to step down from his role". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
Siggins, Lorna (16 July 2007). "Study sees decline of Irish in Gaeltacht". The Irish Times.
"Ar fheabhas! President praises volunteer Duolingo translators". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
Breadun, Deaglan De. "Plan could treble number speaking Irish, says Cowen". The Irish Times. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
"Thousands call for Irish Language Act during Belfast rally". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
Ó Broin, Brian (16 January 2010). "Schism fears for Gaeilgeoirí". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
Seoighe, Stiofán (22 July 2019). "Gá le doirse a oscailt do nuachainteoirí na Gaeilge: Cén chaoi gur féidir cainteoirí gníomhacha, féinmhuiníneacha a dhéanamh astu seo a fhoghlaimíonn an Ghaeilge ar scoil?" [Need to open doors for new speakers of Irish: How can active, self-confident speakers be made from those who learn Irish at school?]. The Irish Times (in Irish). Retrieved 19 August 2019.

merriam-webster.com

"Gaelic: Definition of Gaelic by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated.

nisra.gov.uk

"Frequency of Speaking Irish". nisra.gov.uk. 21 March 2023.

nualeargais.ie

"Irish Orthography". www.nualeargais.ie. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2022.

nui.ie

"NUI Entry Requirements – Ollscoil na hÉireann – National University of Ireland". Nui.ie. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012.

nyhistory.org

blog.nyhistory.org

O'Reilly, Edward (17 March 2015). ""The unadulterated Irish language": Irish Speakers in Nineteenth Century New York". New-York Historical Society. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.

nytimes.com

"Ireland speaks up loudly for Gaelic". The New York Times. 29 March 2005. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2017. An example of the use of the word "Gaelic" to describe the language, seen throughout the text of the article.
"Ireland speaks up loudly for Gaelic". The New York Times. 29 March 2005. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2017.

ohchr.org

"Universal Declaration of Human Rights". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.

oireachtas.ie

"An Caighdeán Oifigiúil" [The Official Standard] (PDF) (in Irish). January 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 April 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Dalton, Martha (July 2019). "Nuclear Accents in Four Irish (Gaelic) Dialects". International Conference of Phonetic Science. XVI. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.4615.

repec.org

ideas.repec.org

See the discussion and the conclusions reached in 'Language and Occupational Status: Linguistic Elitism in the Irish Labour Market,' The Economic and Social Review, Vol. 40, No. 4, Winter, 2009, pp. 435–460: Ideas.repec.org Archived 29 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine

rte.ie

Murphy, Brian (25 January 2018). "Douglas Hyde's inauguration – a signal of a new Ireland". RTÉ. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
"Douglas Hyde Opens 2RN 1 January 1926". RTÉ News. 15 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
"Over 2.3m people using language app to learn Irish". RTÉ. 25 November 2016. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
"Cur síos ar an chainteoir ó dhúchas deireannach ón Ó Méith, Co Lú, Anna Uí AnnluainCur síos ar an chainteoir ó dhúchas deireannach ón Ó Méith, Co Lú, Anna Uí Annluain". RTÉ Archives. Retrieved 22 October 2022.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Watson, Iarfhlaith; Nic Ghiolla Phádraig, Máire (September 2009). "Is there an educational advantage to speaking Irish? An investigation of the relationship between education and ability to speak Irish". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (199): 143–156. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2009.039. hdl:10197/5649. S2CID 144222872.
Nic Fhlannchadha, S.; Hickey, T.M. (12 January 2016). "Minority Language Ownership and Authority: Perspectives of Native Speakers and New Speakers". International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. 21 (1): 38–53. doi:10.1080/13670050.2015.1127888. hdl:10197/7394. S2CID 67833553.

taoiseach.gov.ie

"Constitution of Ireland". Government of Ireland. 1 July 1937. Archived from the original on 17 July 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2007.

tcd.ie

Trinity College Dublin (5 November 2020). "Official Languages Act 2003".
An Coimisinéir Teanga. Official Languages Act 2003: Guidebook (PDF). pp. 1–3.

teanglann.ie

"Leabharlann Teanga agus Foclóireachta". www.teanglann.ie. Retrieved 8 April 2020.

techcentral.ie

Kitson, Niall (10 April 2024). "Irish language app uses AI to build bridges". Retrieved 23 February 2025.

thefreedictionary.com

"Gaelic". The Free Dictionary.

theguardian.com

Magan, Manchán (9 January 2007). "Cá Bhfuil Na Gaeilg eoirí? *". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016.

thejournal.ie

Boland, Lauren (31 December 2021). "Irish to be fully recognised as an official EU language from New Year's Day". TheJournal.ie. Retrieved 1 January 2022.

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

Ellis, Henry (ed.). The Description of Ireland, An Electronic Edition: Chapter 1 (The Names of Ireland, with the Compasse of the Same, also what Shires or Counties it Conteineth, the Diuision or Partition of the Land, and of the Language of the People)

ucd.ie

researchrepository.ucd.ie

Watson, Iarfhlaith; Nic Ghiolla Phádraig, Máire (September 2009). "Is there an educational advantage to speaking Irish? An investigation of the relationship between education and ability to speak Irish". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (199): 143–156. doi:10.1515/IJSL.2009.039. hdl:10197/5649. S2CID 144222872.

udaras.ie

"The Gaeltacht | Our Language & the Ghaeltacht". Údarás na Gaeltachta. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

ulst.ac.uk

cain.ulst.ac.uk

"CAIN: Issues: Language: O'Reilly, C. (1997) Nationalists and the Irish Language in Northern Ireland: Competing Perspectives". Cain.ulst.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2015.
"Belfast Agreement – Full text – Section 6 (Equality) – "Economic, Social and Cultural issues"". Cain.ulst.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 22 November 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2012.

un.org

"Universal Declaration of Human Rights". United Nations.

uwm.edu

"Irish Language at UW-Milwaukee | Center for Celtic Studies". Retrieved 18 October 2024.

web.archive.org

"Ireland speaks up loudly for Gaelic". The New York Times. 29 March 2005. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2017. An example of the use of the word "Gaelic" to describe the language, seen throughout the text of the article.
O'Reilly, Edward (17 March 2015). ""The unadulterated Irish language": Irish Speakers in Nineteenth Century New York". New-York Historical Society. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
"The Irish language and the Church of Ireland". Church of Ireland. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
"Ireland speaks up loudly for Gaelic". The New York Times. 29 March 2005. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
Murphy, Brian (25 January 2018). "Douglas Hyde's inauguration – a signal of a new Ireland". RTÉ. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
"Douglas Hyde Opens 2RN 1 January 1926". RTÉ News. 15 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
"The Doegen Records Web Project". Archived from the original on 7 September 2018.
"Census of Population 2016 – Profile 10 Education, Skills and the Irish Language – CSO – Central Statistics Office". 23 November 2017. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
"NUI Entry Requirements – Ollscoil na hÉireann – National University of Ireland". Nui.ie. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
"Obligation to appoint Irish speakers". Archived from the original on 30 November 2005.
Donncha Ó hÉallaithe: "Litir oscailte chuig Enda Kenny": BEO.ie Archived 20 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine
Magan, Manchán (9 January 2007). "Cá Bhfuil Na Gaeilg eoirí? *". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
See the discussion and the conclusions reached in 'Language and Occupational Status: Linguistic Elitism in the Irish Labour Market,' The Economic and Social Review, Vol. 40, No. 4, Winter, 2009, pp. 435–460: Ideas.repec.org Archived 29 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine
"Over 2.3m people using language app to learn Irish". RTÉ. 25 November 2016. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
"Ar fheabhas! President praises volunteer Duolingo translators". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
"CAIN: Issues: Language: O'Reilly, C. (1997) Nationalists and the Irish Language in Northern Ireland: Competing Perspectives". Cain.ulst.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2015.
"GPPAC.net". Archived from the original on 13 May 2007.
"Belfast Agreement – Full text – Section 6 (Equality) – "Economic, Social and Cultural issues"". Cain.ulst.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 22 November 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
"Irish language future is raised". BBC News. 13 December 2006. Archived from the original on 15 March 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2007.
"Thousands call for Irish Language Act during Belfast rally". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
"Is í an Ghaeilge an 21ú teanga oifigiúil den Aontas Eorpach" [Irish is the 21st official language of the European Union] (in Irish). Archived from the original on 18 March 2008. Retrieved 14 June 2008.
O Broin, Brian. "An Analysis of the Irish-Speaking Communities of North America: Who are they, what are their opinions, and what are their needs?". Academia (in Irish). Archived from the original on 10 May 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
"Census 2016 Summary Results – Part 1 – CSO – Central Statistics Office". Cso.ie. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
"Census of Population 2022 Profile 8 - The Irish Language and Education". Cso.ie. 19 December 2023. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
"The Doegen Records Web Project". Archived from the original on 8 September 2018.
"The Doegen Records Web Project | DHO". Dho.ie. 5 September 1928. Archived from the original on 19 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
Ó Broin, Brian (16 January 2010). "Schism fears for Gaeilgeoirí". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
Ní Thuathaláin, Méabh (23 July 2019). "'I'm gonna speak Irish the way that's natural for me' – craoltóir buartha faoi éilíteachas shaol na Gaeilge". Tuairisc.ie. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Irish Dialects copy of Irishlanguage.net". Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2015.
"Beginners' Blas". BBC. June 2005. Archived from the original on 3 March 2009. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
"An Caighdeán Oifigiúil" [The Official Standard] (PDF) (in Irish). January 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 April 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
"Irish Orthography". www.nualeargais.ie. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2022.

wicklowheritage.org

heritage.wicklowheritage.org

"The Irish Language in Co. Wicklow". 27 June 2019.

worldcat.org

Graiméar Gaeilge na mBráithre Críostai. L. A. Ó hAnluain, Christian Brothers (Eagrán nua ed.). Baile Átha Cliath: An Gúm. 1999. ISBN 1-85791-327-2. OCLC 46449130.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

search.worldcat.org

Graiméar Gaeilge na mBráithre Críostai. L. A. Ó hAnluain, Christian Brothers (Eagrán nua ed.). Baile Átha Cliath: An Gúm. 1999. ISBN 1-85791-327-2. OCLC 46449130.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

worldhistory.org

Irving, Jenni. "Ogham". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 27 March 2024.