Iron lung (English Wikipedia)

Laurie, Gini (2002). "Ventilator users, home care, and independent living: a historical perspective". In Gilgoff, Irene S. (ed.). Breath of Life: The Role of the Ventilator in Managing Life-Threatening Illnesses. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, Inc. pp. 161–201. ISBN 978-0-8108-3488-0. Archived from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
"Artificial Lung on Wheels Prove Life Saver" Popular Mechanics, December 1930 Archived August 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine photo of earliest production units from Boston

cnn.com

"Woman dies after life spent in iron lung". May 28, 2008. Archived from the original on October 22, 2008. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

dimaitalia.com

"Poncho,"^{[permanent dead link‍]} by medical device manufacturer Dima Italia Srl of Bologna, Italy (picture of jacket ventilator ["poncho"], and other information.), retrieved April 12, 2020

docs.google.com

Louise Reisner-Sénélar (2009). "The Danish anaesthesiologist Björn Ibsen a pioneer of long-term ventilation on the upper airways". Archived from the original on November 22, 2023. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

doi.org

Shneerson, J. M. (February 1, 1991). "Assisted ventilation. 5. Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: negative pressure techniques" (PDF). Thorax. 46 (2): 131–135. doi:10.1136/thx.46.2.131. ISSN 0040-6376. PMC 462978. PMID 2014494. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Grum, Cyril M.; Morganroth, Melvin L. (January 1988). "Analytic Reviews : Initiating Mechanical Ventilation" (PDF). Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 3 (1): 6–20. doi:10.1177/088506668800300103. hdl:2027.42/68485. ISSN 0885-0666. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Corrado, A.; Ginanni, R.; Villella, G.; Gorini, M.; Augustynen, A.; Tozzi, D.; et al. (March 2004). "Iron lung versus conventional mechanical ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD". The European Respiratory Journal. 23 (3): 419–24. doi:10.1183/09031936.04.00029304. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID 15065832.
Sherwood, RJ (1973). "Obituaries: Philip Drinker 1894–1972". The Annals of Occupational Hygiene. 16 (1): 93–94. doi:10.1093/annhyg/16.1.93.
Geddes, LA (2007). "The history of artificial respiration". IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 26 (6): 38–41. doi:10.1109/EMB.2007.907081. PMID 18189086. S2CID 24784291.
Trubuhovich, Ronald V. (2006). "Notable Australian contributions to the management of ventilatory failure of acute poliomyelitis". Critical Care and Resuscitation. 8 (4): 383–85. doi:10.1016/S1441-2772(23)02078-1. PMID 17227281.
Lawrence, Ghislaine (February 23, 2002). "The Smith-Clarke Respirator". The Lancet. 359 (9307): 716. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07819-4. PMID 11879908. S2CID 54283110.

ems1.com

Lauran Neergaard (January 13, 2009). "Emergency officials struggle to find those on life-support during power outages". Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved January 1, 2014.

ghostarchive.org

Buncombe, Andrew (November 22, 2017). "America's last iron lung users on their lives spent inside obsolete ventilators". The Independent. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2019.

gizmodo.com

Brown, Jennings (November 20, 2017). "The Last of the Iron Lungs". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on November 20, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2017.

hackaday.com

Lewin, Day (November 25, 2017). "A Callout: Parts for an Iron Lung". Hackaday. Archived from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2017.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Grum, Cyril M.; Morganroth, Melvin L. (January 1988). "Analytic Reviews : Initiating Mechanical Ventilation" (PDF). Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 3 (1): 6–20. doi:10.1177/088506668800300103. hdl:2027.42/68485. ISSN 0885-0666. Retrieved April 12, 2020.

harvard.edu

hsph.harvard.edu

"2010-2011 Student Handbook" (PDF). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Harvard Education and Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 2, 2011. Retrieved July 2, 2011.

hdnews.net

Allen, Margaret (April 9, 2020). "Hess offers iron lung for COVID-19". Hays Daily News. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2020.

heraldscotland.com

Thomas, Campbell (February 15, 2000). "Dr Robert Henderson". The Herald. Archived from the original on May 4, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.

independent.co.uk

Buncombe, Andrew (November 22, 2017). "America's last iron lung users on their lives spent inside obsolete ventilators". The Independent. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2019.

jhemerson.com

Emerson, John H (July 1998). "Some Reflections on Iron Lungs and Other Inventions" (PDF). Respiratory Care. 43 (7): 577. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2006. Retrieved October 12, 2016.

ksn.com

Funk, Hunter (April 10, 2020). "One Kansas company is switching gears to make Iron Lung ventilators". KSNW-TV. Archived from the original on October 15, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2020.

lehigh.edu

www3.lehigh.edu

P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Science (2011). "Philip Drinker '17". Distinguished Alumni: Great Talents & Bright Minds. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: Lehigh University. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

medscape.com

emedicine.medscape.com

Jackson, Christopher D.; Muthiah, Muthiah P. (April 11, 2019). Talavera, Francisco; Mosenifar, Zab (eds.). "Mechanical Ventilation". Medscape. Additional contributions by Ryland P. Byrd Jr. and Thomas M. Roy. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2020.

nbcnews.com

"60 years in an iron lung: US polio survivor worries about new global threat". NBC News. November 30, 2013. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2019.

newatlas.com

Szondy, David (April 6, 2020). "Modern iron lung designed to address ventilator shortage". New Atlas. Archived from the original on August 20, 2024. Retrieved April 11, 2020.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Shneerson, J. M. (February 1, 1991). "Assisted ventilation. 5. Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: negative pressure techniques" (PDF). Thorax. 46 (2): 131–135. doi:10.1136/thx.46.2.131. ISSN 0040-6376. PMC 462978. PMID 2014494. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Corrado, A.; Ginanni, R.; Villella, G.; Gorini, M.; Augustynen, A.; Tozzi, D.; et al. (March 2004). "Iron lung versus conventional mechanical ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD". The European Respiratory Journal. 23 (3): 419–24. doi:10.1183/09031936.04.00029304. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID 15065832.
Gorham, J (1979). "A medical triumph: the iron lung". Respiratory Therapy. 9 (1): 71–73. PMID 10297356.
Geddes, LA (2007). "The history of artificial respiration". IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 26 (6): 38–41. doi:10.1109/EMB.2007.907081. PMID 18189086. S2CID 24784291.
Trubuhovich, Ronald V. (2006). "Notable Australian contributions to the management of ventilatory failure of acute poliomyelitis". Critical Care and Resuscitation. 8 (4): 383–85. doi:10.1016/S1441-2772(23)02078-1. PMID 17227281.
Lawrence, Ghislaine (February 23, 2002). "The Smith-Clarke Respirator". The Lancet. 359 (9307): 716. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07819-4. PMID 11879908. S2CID 54283110.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Shneerson, J. M. (February 1, 1991). "Assisted ventilation. 5. Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: negative pressure techniques" (PDF). Thorax. 46 (2): 131–135. doi:10.1136/thx.46.2.131. ISSN 0040-6376. PMC 462978. PMID 2014494. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2020.

npr.org

Kelly, Erin; Escarce, Alissa (October 25, 2021). "Decades after polio, Martha is among the last to still rely on an iron lung to breathe (includes audio interview)". All Things Considered. National Public Radio. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. (Written transcript of audio episode). Retrieved October 26, 2021.

nytimes.com

Fox, Margalit (May 10, 2009). "Martha Mason, Who Wrote Book About Her Decades in an Iron Lung, Dies at 71". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

oxygen.milano.it

"The 'iron lung' and the modern 'ventilation'," Archived April 11, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Oxy.gen, retrieved April 11, 2020

people.com

Mazziotta, Julie (August 21, 2018). "Polio Survivor, 82, Is One of the Last 3 People in the U.S. to Use an Iron Lung". People Magazine. Archived from the original on January 13, 2019. Retrieved January 12, 2019.

radiodiaries.org

Kelly, Erin; Escarce, Alissa (October 25, 2021). "Decades after polio, Martha is among the last to still rely on an iron lung to breathe (includes audio interview)". All Things Considered. National Public Radio. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. (Written transcript of audio episode). Retrieved October 26, 2021.

samhs.org.au

Healey, John (1998). "The Both Brothers and the 'Iron Lung'". South Australian Medical Heritage Society Inc. Archived from the original on April 9, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Geddes, LA (2007). "The history of artificial respiration". IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 26 (6): 38–41. doi:10.1109/EMB.2007.907081. PMID 18189086. S2CID 24784291.
Lawrence, Ghislaine (February 23, 2002). "The Smith-Clarke Respirator". The Lancet. 359 (9307): 716. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07819-4. PMID 11879908. S2CID 54283110.

si.edu

americanhistory.si.edu

Kenneth E. Behring Center (2011). "The iron lung and other equipment". Whatever happened to polio?. Washington, DC: National Museum of American History. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
"Iron Lung". National Museum of American History. Archived from the original on June 30, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

amhistory.si.edu

"NMAH | Polio: The Iron Lung and Other Equipment". National Museum of American History. Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on August 16, 2015. Retrieved March 28, 2020.

smh.com.au

"Memories of polio and those who wrestled with it". The Sydney Morning Herald. December 7, 2004. Archived from the original on March 26, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
"Power failure kills iron lung lady". The Sydney Morning Herald. May 29, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
"Dead after 60 years in iron lung". The Sydney Morning Herald. November 1, 2009. Archived from the original on February 5, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

smithsonianmag.com

"How a Polio Outbreak in Copenhagen Led to the Invention of the Ventilator". Archived from the original on March 15, 2024. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
"How a Polio Outbreak in Copenhagen Led to the Invention of the Ventilator". Archived from the original on March 15, 2024. Retrieved March 15, 2024.

stemnet.nf.ca

"Gas Exchange in Humans". Archived from the original on April 23, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

sueddeutsche.de

"Langer Atem". Süddeutsche Zeitung Magazin. March 12, 2024. Archived from the original on March 12, 2024. Retrieved March 12, 2024.

tebyan.net

"Today in History: Iron Lung Used for the First Time (1928)". Tebyan.net. Archived from the original on August 15, 2011. Retrieved November 14, 2013.

thackraymuseum.co.uk

collections.thackraymuseum.co.uk

"113.001 | Collections Online". collections.thackraymuseum.co.uk. Retrieved August 5, 2024.

theatlantic.com

Resnick, Brian (January 10, 2012). "What America Looked Like: Polio Children Paralyzed in Iron Lungs". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.

theengineer.co.uk

"Exovent iron lung concept offers alternative to Covid-19 ventilators". The Engineer. April 2, 2020. Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.

umich.edu

deepblue.lib.umich.edu

Grum, Cyril M.; Morganroth, Melvin L. (January 1988). "Analytic Reviews : Initiating Mechanical Ventilation" (PDF). Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 3 (1): 6–20. doi:10.1177/088506668800300103. hdl:2027.42/68485. ISSN 0885-0666. Retrieved April 12, 2020.

unimaas.nl

fdcw.unimaas.nl

Wackers, Ger (1994). "Chapter 4". Theaters of truth and competence. Intermittent positive pressure respiration during the 1952 polio-epidemic in Copenhagen. Archived from the original on December 23, 2007. Retrieved July 1, 2011.

washingtontimes.com

Conlon, Shelly (August 24, 2014). "North Texan one of 10 still living in iron lung". The Washington Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 16, 2015. Retrieved March 28, 2020.

web.archive.org

Shneerson, J. M. (February 1, 1991). "Assisted ventilation. 5. Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: negative pressure techniques" (PDF). Thorax. 46 (2): 131–135. doi:10.1136/thx.46.2.131. ISSN 0040-6376. PMC 462978. PMID 2014494. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Szondy, David (April 6, 2020). "Modern iron lung designed to address ventilator shortage". New Atlas. Archived from the original on August 20, 2024. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
Funk, Hunter (April 10, 2020). "One Kansas company is switching gears to make Iron Lung ventilators". KSNW-TV. Archived from the original on October 15, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
Allen, Margaret (April 9, 2020). "Hess offers iron lung for COVID-19". Hays Daily News. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
Jackson, Christopher D.; Muthiah, Muthiah P. (April 11, 2019). Talavera, Francisco; Mosenifar, Zab (eds.). "Mechanical Ventilation". Medscape. Additional contributions by Ryland P. Byrd Jr. and Thomas M. Roy. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Rockoff, Mark, M.D., "The Iron Lung and Polio," Archived April 9, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, video (8 minutes), January 11, 2016, OPENPediatrics and Boston Children's Hospital on YouTube, retrieved April 11, 2020 (historical background and images, explanatory diagrams, and live demonstrations)
"The 'iron lung' and the modern 'ventilation'," Archived April 11, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Oxy.gen, retrieved April 11, 2020
"Gas Exchange in Humans". Archived from the original on April 23, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Emerson, John H (July 1998). "Some Reflections on Iron Lungs and Other Inventions" (PDF). Respiratory Care. 43 (7): 577. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2006. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
Laurie, Gini (2002). "Ventilator users, home care, and independent living: a historical perspective". In Gilgoff, Irene S. (ed.). Breath of Life: The Role of the Ventilator in Managing Life-Threatening Illnesses. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, Inc. pp. 161–201. ISBN 978-0-8108-3488-0. Archived from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Science (2011). "Philip Drinker '17". Distinguished Alumni: Great Talents & Bright Minds. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: Lehigh University. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Kenneth E. Behring Center (2011). "The iron lung and other equipment". Whatever happened to polio?. Washington, DC: National Museum of American History. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
"Today in History: Iron Lung Used for the First Time (1928)". Tebyan.net. Archived from the original on August 15, 2011. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
"2010-2011 Student Handbook" (PDF). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Harvard Education and Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 2, 2011. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
"Artificial Lung on Wheels Prove Life Saver" Popular Mechanics, December 1930 Archived August 15, 2020, at the Wayback Machine photo of earliest production units from Boston
"Iron Lung". National Museum of American History. Archived from the original on June 30, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Thomas, Campbell (February 15, 2000). "Dr Robert Henderson". The Herald. Archived from the original on May 4, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
Healey, John (1998). "The Both Brothers and the 'Iron Lung'". South Australian Medical Heritage Society Inc. Archived from the original on April 9, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
"Memories of polio and those who wrestled with it". The Sydney Morning Herald. December 7, 2004. Archived from the original on March 26, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
"NMAH | Polio: The Iron Lung and Other Equipment". National Museum of American History. Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on August 16, 2015. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
Resnick, Brian (January 10, 2012). "What America Looked Like: Polio Children Paralyzed in Iron Lungs". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
Conlon, Shelly (August 24, 2014). "North Texan one of 10 still living in iron lung". The Washington Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 16, 2015. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
Louise Reisner-Sénélar (2009). "The Danish anaesthesiologist Björn Ibsen a pioneer of long-term ventilation on the upper airways". Archived from the original on November 22, 2023. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Wackers, Ger (1994). "Chapter 4". Theaters of truth and competence. Intermittent positive pressure respiration during the 1952 polio-epidemic in Copenhagen. Archived from the original on December 23, 2007. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
"How a Polio Outbreak in Copenhagen Led to the Invention of the Ventilator". Archived from the original on March 15, 2024. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
"How a Polio Outbreak in Copenhagen Led to the Invention of the Ventilator". Archived from the original on March 15, 2024. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
"Power failure kills iron lung lady". The Sydney Morning Herald. May 29, 2008. Archived from the original on July 21, 2018. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
"60 years in an iron lung: US polio survivor worries about new global threat". NBC News. November 30, 2013. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
"Woman dies after life spent in iron lung". May 28, 2008. Archived from the original on October 22, 2008. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Lauran Neergaard (January 13, 2009). "Emergency officials struggle to find those on life-support during power outages". Archived from the original on September 19, 2022. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
Fox, Margalit (May 10, 2009). "Martha Mason, Who Wrote Book About Her Decades in an Iron Lung, Dies at 71". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
"Dead after 60 years in iron lung". The Sydney Morning Herald. November 1, 2009. Archived from the original on February 5, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Mazziotta, Julie (August 21, 2018). "Polio Survivor, 82, Is One of the Last 3 People in the U.S. to Use an Iron Lung". People Magazine. Archived from the original on January 13, 2019. Retrieved January 12, 2019.
Brown, Jennings (November 20, 2017). "The Last of the Iron Lungs". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on November 20, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
Lewin, Day (November 25, 2017). "A Callout: Parts for an Iron Lung". Hackaday. Archived from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2017.
Naomi Wu [@reaksexycyborg] (November 23, 2017). "Via @NireBryce – we've got a nice old lady running out of collars for her iron lung. Lot of 💩 going on in the world we can't do anything about – but this seems 100% doable. @hackaday, @make, textile tech folks – any ideas? From https://gizmodo.com/the-last-of-the-iron-lungs-1819079169 …" (Tweet). Archived from the original on October 13, 2022 – via Twitter.
Kobie, Nicole (November 28, 2017). "A woman on an iron lung is running out of the spare parts she needs to live. Cue the maker community..." Wired. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
Kelly, Erin; Escarce, Alissa (October 25, 2021). "Decades after polio, Martha is among the last to still rely on an iron lung to breathe (includes audio interview)". All Things Considered. National Public Radio. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. (Written transcript of audio episode). Retrieved October 26, 2021.
"Langer Atem". Süddeutsche Zeitung Magazin. March 12, 2024. Archived from the original on March 12, 2024. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
"Exovent iron lung concept offers alternative to Covid-19 ventilators". The Engineer. April 2, 2020. Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.

wired.co.uk

Kobie, Nicole (November 28, 2017). "A woman on an iron lung is running out of the spare parts she needs to live. Cue the maker community..." Wired. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2021.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Shneerson, J. M. (February 1, 1991). "Assisted ventilation. 5. Non-invasive and domiciliary ventilation: negative pressure techniques" (PDF). Thorax. 46 (2): 131–135. doi:10.1136/thx.46.2.131. ISSN 0040-6376. PMC 462978. PMID 2014494. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Grum, Cyril M.; Morganroth, Melvin L. (January 1988). "Analytic Reviews : Initiating Mechanical Ventilation" (PDF). Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 3 (1): 6–20. doi:10.1177/088506668800300103. hdl:2027.42/68485. ISSN 0885-0666. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
Corrado, A.; Ginanni, R.; Villella, G.; Gorini, M.; Augustynen, A.; Tozzi, D.; et al. (March 2004). "Iron lung versus conventional mechanical ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD". The European Respiratory Journal. 23 (3): 419–24. doi:10.1183/09031936.04.00029304. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID 15065832.

x.com

Naomi Wu [@reaksexycyborg] (November 23, 2017). "Via @NireBryce – we've got a nice old lady running out of collars for her iron lung. Lot of 💩 going on in the world we can't do anything about – but this seems 100% doable. @hackaday, @make, textile tech folks – any ideas? From https://gizmodo.com/the-last-of-the-iron-lungs-1819079169 …" (Tweet). Archived from the original on October 13, 2022 – via Twitter.

youtube.com

Rockoff, Mark, M.D., "The Iron Lung and Polio," Archived April 9, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, video (8 minutes), January 11, 2016, OPENPediatrics and Boston Children's Hospital on YouTube, retrieved April 11, 2020 (historical background and images, explanatory diagrams, and live demonstrations)