Isaiah 53 (English Wikipedia)

Mack, Dr. Hananel. "Parashat Bamidbar 5760/2000". Bar-Ilan University's Parashat Hashavua Study Center. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2012.

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Janowski, Bernd; Stuhlmacher, Peter (2004). The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-8028-0845-5. Archived from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37. Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74. Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
Isbon T. Beckwith (9 March 2001). The Apocalypse of John. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-57910-609-6.
France, R. T. (February 2000). Jesus and the Old Testament: His Application of Old Testament Passages to Himself and His Mission. Regent College Publishing. p. 111. ISBN 978-1-57383-006-5. Thus while a purely individual Messianic interpretation fails to recognize the simple fact that the Servant is Israel, we may nonetheless fairly see the Servant, and believe that Jesus saw him, as a Messianic figure.
Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (31 December 2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Amsterdam University Press. p. 1190. ISBN 978-90-5356-503-2.
Gowan, Donald E. (1998). Theology of the Prophetic Books: The Death and Resurrection of Israel. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. 223–224. ISBN 978-0-664-25689-0.
Blenkinsopp, Joseph (2019). Essays on the Book of Isaiah. Mohr Siebeck. p. 18. ISBN 978-3-16-156482-6.
Goldingay, John (2002). Approaches to Old Testament Interpretation. Clements Publishing Group. p. 108. ISBN 9781894667180.

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"Remember The Lord - Lyrics". Colin Buchanan. Retrieved 27 May 2025.

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"The Dead Sea Scrolls – 4Q Apocryphon of Levi". Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2022.

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Jull, Timothy A. J.; Donahue, Douglas J.; Broshi, Mafen; Tov, Emanuel (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Bibcode:1995Radcb..37...11J. doi:10.1017/S0033822200014740. S2CID 18307967. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2014.

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Origen, Contra Celsum, Book 1.Chapter 55 Archived 22 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine

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Jull, Timothy A. J.; Donahue, Douglas J.; Broshi, Mafen; Tov, Emanuel (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Bibcode:1995Radcb..37...11J. doi:10.1017/S0033822200014740. S2CID 18307967. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2014.

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"Midrash (from the root, "to study", "to investigate")". 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
"Tanna debe Eliyahu". Jewish Encyclopedia. 1906. Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2014.

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"Ruth Rabbah". Jewish Virtual Library. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.

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ben Abraham, Isaac (2014). "Chapter 22: Jesus, the suffering servant (Isaiah 52–53)". Faith Strengthened. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press. pp. 54–58. ISBN 9780813225890. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

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"Isaiah 53 and the "Suffering Servant."". Jews for Judaism. 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
Contra Brown—Answering Dr. Brown's Objections to Judaism. Rabbi Yisroel Chaim Blumenthal refutes untenable assertions of Missionary Dr. Michael Brown on Judaism Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine

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"Saadiah and Isaiah 53". Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2022.

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Meir, Tamar. "Ruth: Midrash and Aggadah". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive 2009. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.

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Ecclesiastes Rabbah 1:24 translated by Christopher P. Benton "In Search of Kohelet Archived 16 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine" p 13

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As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English. Archived 14 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine.

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Singer, Tovia (30 April 2014). "Who is God's Suffering Servant? The Rabbinic Interpretation of Isaiah 53". Outreach Judaism. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 10 February 2021.

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Block, Daniel I. (2001). "Handel's Messiah: Biblical and Theological Perspectives" (PDF). Didaskalia. 12 (2). Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2012. Retrieved 19 July 2011.

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"Isaiah 53:4". Archived from the original on 2 December 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
"Jerusalem Talmud Shekalim 5:1". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Sotah 14a". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Targum Jonathan on Isaiah 52:13". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Sanhedrin 98a". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Ruth Rabbah 5:6". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 14". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Yalkut Shimoni on Nach 476". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Midrash Tehillim 2:9". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Iggerot HaRambam, Iggeret Teiman 13". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Berakhot 5a". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Berakhot 57b". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Isaiah 53:3". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Rashi on Isaiah 52:13". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 52:13:1". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Radak on Isaiah 52:13:1". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
Midrash Tanchuma Buber, translated by John T. Townsend, 1989, https://www.sefaria.org/Midrash_Tanchuma_Buber%2C_Toldot.20.1?lang=en&with=About&lang2=en. Archived 21 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine.
"Sifrei Bamidbar 131:5". Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Sifrei Devarim 355:8". Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.

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Jull, Timothy A. J.; Donahue, Douglas J.; Broshi, Mafen; Tov, Emanuel (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Bibcode:1995Radcb..37...11J. doi:10.1017/S0033822200014740. S2CID 18307967. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2014.

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"3) Mistranslated Verses "Referring" to Jesus; C. Suffering Servant". Why Don't Jews Believe In Jesus?. SimpleToRemember.com – Judaism Online. Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2012.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Isaiah 53:4". Archived from the original on 2 December 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
Janowski, Bernd; Stuhlmacher, Peter (2004). The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-8028-0845-5. Archived from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
Jull, Timothy A. J.; Donahue, Douglas J.; Broshi, Mafen; Tov, Emanuel (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Bibcode:1995Radcb..37...11J. doi:10.1017/S0033822200014740. S2CID 18307967. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English. Archived 14 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine.
"Jerusalem Talmud Shekalim 5:1". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Sotah 14a". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Targum Jonathan on Isaiah 52:13". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Sanhedrin 98a". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Ruth Rabbah 5:6". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Midrash Tanchuma, Toldot 14". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Yalkut Shimoni on Nach 476". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Midrash Tehillim 2:9". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Iggerot HaRambam, Iggeret Teiman 13". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Saadiah and Isaiah 53". Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Berakhot 5a". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Berakhot 57b". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Isaiah 53:3". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Rashi on Isaiah 52:13". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Ibn Ezra on Isaiah 52:13:1". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Radak on Isaiah 52:13:1". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"The Dead Sea Scrolls – 4Q Apocryphon of Levi". Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
Midrash Tanchuma Buber, translated by John T. Townsend, 1989, https://www.sefaria.org/Midrash_Tanchuma_Buber%2C_Toldot.20.1?lang=en&with=About&lang2=en. Archived 21 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine.
"Sifrei Bamidbar 131:5". Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Sifrei Devarim 355:8". Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
Origen, Contra Celsum, Book 1.Chapter 55 Archived 22 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
Ecclesiastes Rabbah 1:24 translated by Christopher P. Benton "In Search of Kohelet Archived 16 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine" p 13
Singer, Tovia (30 April 2014). "Who is God's Suffering Servant? The Rabbinic Interpretation of Isaiah 53". Outreach Judaism. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
ben Abraham, Isaac (2014). "Chapter 22: Jesus, the suffering servant (Isaiah 52–53)". Faith Strengthened. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press. pp. 54–58. ISBN 9780813225890. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
"3) Mistranslated Verses "Referring" to Jesus; C. Suffering Servant". Why Don't Jews Believe In Jesus?. SimpleToRemember.com – Judaism Online. Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
"Isaiah 53 and the "Suffering Servant."". Jews for Judaism. 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
Block, Daniel I. (2001). "Handel's Messiah: Biblical and Theological Perspectives" (PDF). Didaskalia. 12 (2). Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2012. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
"Midrash (from the root, "to study", "to investigate")". 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
"Ruth Rabbah". Jewish Virtual Library. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
Meir, Tamar. "Ruth: Midrash and Aggadah". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive 2009. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
Mack, Dr. Hananel. "Parashat Bamidbar 5760/2000". Bar-Ilan University's Parashat Hashavua Study Center. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
"Tanna debe Eliyahu". Jewish Encyclopedia. 1906. Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
Contra Brown—Answering Dr. Brown's Objections to Judaism. Rabbi Yisroel Chaim Blumenthal refutes untenable assertions of Missionary Dr. Michael Brown on Judaism Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine

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2 Kings 20:21;2 Kings 21:1

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Ulrich, Eugene; Flint, Peter W. (2010). Qumran cave 1. II, The Isaiah scrolls. Ulrich, Eugene; Flint, Peter W.; Abegg, Martin G., Jr. Oxford. pp. 12–13, 21. ISBN 9780199566679. OCLC 708744480.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Isaiah 53 (English Wikipedia)

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