Islamic architecture (English Wikipedia)

Ignacio Arce (2006): Umayyad arches, vaults & domes: Merging and re-creation. Contributions to early Islamic construction history. In: Proceedings of the second international congress on construction history Vol. I. Queens' College, Cambridge University 29.03.–02.04.2006, S. 195–220 PDF Archived 2016-02-01 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 1 February 2016

doa.gov.jo (Global: low place; English: low place)

publication.doa.gov.jo

Whitcomb, Donald (1995). "The Misr of Ayla: New Evidence for the Early Islamic City" (PDF). In Bisheh, G. (ed.). Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan, V: Art and Technology throughout the Ages. Amman. pp. 277–288.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Avner, Rina (2010). "The Dome of the Rock in Light of the Development of Concentric Martyria in Jerusalem: Architecture and Architectural Iconography". Muqarnas. 27: 31–49. doi:10.1163/22118993_02701003. ISSN 0732-2992. JSTOR 25769691.
Grafman & Rosen-Ayalon 1999, pp. 10–11. Grafman, Rafi; Rosen-Ayalon, Myriam (1999). "The Two Great Syrian Umayyad Mosques: Jerusalem and Damascus". Muqarnas. 16. Boston: Brill: 1–15. doi:10.2307/1523262. JSTOR 1523262.
Capilla, Susana (2018). "The Visual Construction of the Umayyad Caliphate in Al-Andalus through the Great Mosque of Cordoba". Arts. 7 (3): 10. doi:10.3390/arts7030036. ISSN 2076-0752.
King, David (Aug 1, 1995). "The Orientation of Medieval Islamic Religious Architecture and Cities". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 26 (3): 253–274. Bibcode:1995JHA....26..253K. doi:10.1177/002182869502600305. S2CID 117528323.
Kennedy, Hugh (1985). "From Polis to Madina: Urban Change in Late Antique and Early Islamic Syria". Past & Present (106): 3–27. doi:10.1093/past/106.1.3. ISSN 0031-2746. JSTOR 650637.
Finster, B (2009). "Arabia In Late Antiquity: An Outline Of The Cultural Situation In The Peninsula At The Time Of Muhammad". The Qurʾan in Context. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. pp. 61–114. doi:10.1163/ej.9789004176881.i-864.21. ISBN 978-90-474-3032-2.
Khoury, N (1993). "The Dome of the Rock, the Kaʿba, and Ghumdan: Arab Myths and Umayyad Monuments". Muqarnas. 10: 57–65. doi:10.2307/1523172. JSTOR 1523172. A particularly rich repertoire of Arab myths and memories, as well as architecture preceded the appearance of the first Islamic monument.
Giese, Francine; Varela Braga, Ariane; Lahoz Kopiske, Helena; Kaufmann, Katrin; Castro Royo, Laura; Keller, Sarah (2016). "Resplendence of al-Andalus: Exchange and Transfer Processes in Mudéjar and Neo-Moorish Architecture" (PDF). Asiatische Studien – Études Asiatiques. 70 (4): 1307–1353. doi:10.1515/asia-2016-0499. S2CID 99943973. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
Finster, Barbara (1992). "An Outline of the History of Islamic Religious Architecture in Yemen". Muqarnas. 9: 124–147. doi:10.2307/1523140. JSTOR 1523140.
Nadyrova, Khanifa G.; Nadyrova, Dilyara A. (2020). "Identity of the architecture of mosques in Russia in the late XX-early XXI century (as exemplified by Tatarstan)". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 890 (1) 012023. Bibcode:2020MS&E..890a2023N. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/890/1/012023. S2CID 225378507.
OMER, SPAHIC (2008). "Towards Understanding Islamic Architecture". Islamic Studies. 47 (4): 483–510. doi:10.52541/isiri.v47i4.4267. JSTOR 20839141.
Ghasemzadeh, Behnam (2013). "Symbols and Signs in Islamic Architecture". European Review of Artistic Studies. 4 (3): 62–78. doi:10.37334/eras.v4i3.86. S2CID 132531146.

eldridgestreet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Why Moorish? Synagogues and the Moorish Revival". Museum at Eldridge Street. 2017-04-27. Archived from the original on 2019-09-01. Retrieved 2019-11-17.

google.com (Global: 109^th place; English: 87^th place)

Michaudel, Benjamin (2006). "The Development of Islamic Military Architecture during the Ayyubid and Mamluk Reconquests of Frankish Syria". In Kennedy, Hugh (ed.). Muslim Military Architecture in Greater Syria: From the Coming of Islam to the Ottoman Period. Brill. pp. 113–115. ISBN 978-90-474-1746-0.

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Hernandez, S. (2022-09-13). Islamic Heritage Architecture IV. WIT Press. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-78466-475-6.

gutenberg.org (Global: 629^th place; English: 427^th place)

Xenephon (January 1998). Oeconomicus. Retrieved 11 June 2015 – via Gutenberg Press.

iranicaonline.org (Global: 320^th place; English: 308^th place)

Huff, D. "ARCHITECTURE iii. Sasanian Period – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
O'Kane, Bernard (1995). Domes Archived 2022-05-11 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
O'Kane, Bernard (2013) [1995]. "Domes". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
"BENGAL – Encyclopaedia Iranica". Iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 30 December 2017.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Avner, Rina (2010). "The Dome of the Rock in Light of the Development of Concentric Martyria in Jerusalem: Architecture and Architectural Iconography". Muqarnas. 27: 31–49. doi:10.1163/22118993_02701003. ISSN 0732-2992. JSTOR 25769691.
Grafman & Rosen-Ayalon 1999, pp. 10–11. Grafman, Rafi; Rosen-Ayalon, Myriam (1999). "The Two Great Syrian Umayyad Mosques: Jerusalem and Damascus". Muqarnas. 16. Boston: Brill: 1–15. doi:10.2307/1523262. JSTOR 1523262.
Creswell, K. A. C. (March 1926). "The Evolution of the Minaret, with Special Reference to Egypt-I". The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs. 48 (276): 134–140. JSTOR 862832.
Kennedy, Hugh (1985). "From Polis to Madina: Urban Change in Late Antique and Early Islamic Syria". Past & Present (106): 3–27. doi:10.1093/past/106.1.3. ISSN 0031-2746. JSTOR 650637.
Khoury, N (1993). "The Dome of the Rock, the Kaʿba, and Ghumdan: Arab Myths and Umayyad Monuments". Muqarnas. 10: 57–65. doi:10.2307/1523172. JSTOR 1523172. A particularly rich repertoire of Arab myths and memories, as well as architecture preceded the appearance of the first Islamic monument.
Finster, Barbara (1992). "An Outline of the History of Islamic Religious Architecture in Yemen". Muqarnas. 9: 124–147. doi:10.2307/1523140. JSTOR 1523140.
OMER, SPAHIC (2008). "Towards Understanding Islamic Architecture". Islamic Studies. 47 (4): 483–510. doi:10.52541/isiri.v47i4.4267. JSTOR 20839141.
ELARABY, KADRI M.G. (1996). "Neo-Islamic Architecture and Urban Design in the Middle East: From Threshold to Adaptive Design". Built Environment. 22 (2): 138–150. JSTOR 23288987.
ALSAYYAD, NEZAR (1996). "Islamic Architecture and Urbanism: Middle Eastern Perspectives". Built Environment. 22 (2): 88–90. JSTOR 23288982.
Al-Jasmi, Abdullah; Mitias, Michael H. (2004). "Does an Islamic Architecture Exist?". Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia. 60 (1): 197–214. JSTOR 40338415.

kpfu.ru (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chervonnaya, Svetlana Mikhailovna (2014). "The architecture of the wooden mosques of the Lithuanian Tatars" (PDF). Tatarica. 2: 179–194.

metmuseum.org (Global: 854^th place; English: 646^th place)

"The Mosque". metmuseum.org. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

ocw.mit.edu

Nasser, Rabbat. "Glossary of Terms | Lecture Notes | Religious Architecture and Islamic Cultures | Architecture | MIT OpenCourseWare". ocw.mit.edu. Retrieved 2018-07-25.

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"Kubadabad Palace – Discover Islamic Art – Virtual Museum". islamicart.museumwnf.org. Retrieved 2021-10-03.

muslimheritage.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Muslim Architecture Under Seljuk Patronage (1038-1327) Archived 2022-01-28 at the Wayback Machine – Rabah Saoud, Professor Salim Al-Hassani, Husamaldin Tayeh.

openedition.org (Global: 366^th place; English: 883^rd place)

journals.openedition.org

L. Golvin, « Architecture berbère », Encyclopédie berbère [online], 6 (1989), document A264, published online on December 1, 2012, accessed on April 10, 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/encyclopedieberbere/2582

qantara-med.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Qantara - Minaret of the Great Mosque of Kairouan". www.qantara-med.org. Retrieved 2021-06-09.

rawi-magazine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Neo-Mamluk Style Beyond Egypt". Rawi Magazine. Archived from the original on 2021-06-10. Retrieved 2021-06-10.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Wiryomartono 2023. Wiryomartono, Bagoes (2023). Historical Mosques in Indonesia and Malaysia World: Roots, Transformations, and Developments (pdf). Singapore: Springer. ISBN 978-981-99-3805-6.
Santosa 2025, pp. 1–9. Santosa, Revianto Budi; et al. (2025). Ensiklopedia Arsitektur Islam Indonesia. Edisi: Masjid Bersejarah [Encyclopedia of Indonesian Islamic Architecture. Edition: Historic Mosques] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kementerian Agama RI. ISBN 978-602-293-252-9.
Abdelmonem, Mohamed (2003-10-22). Contemporary Islamic Architecture in the Arab World (Report).

riberana.es (Global: low place; English: low place)

"CASTLE OF ALEDUA (LLOMBAI)". Riberana: digital library of the heritage of Ribera Alta. Retrieved 2023-02-20.

saudiaramcoworld.com (Global: 9,512^th place; English: 8,392^nd place)

Cowen, Jill S. (July–August 1985). "Muslims in China: The Mosque". Saudi Aramco World. pp. 30–35. Archived from the original on 2006-03-22. Retrieved 2006-04-08.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

King, David (Aug 1, 1995). "The Orientation of Medieval Islamic Religious Architecture and Cities". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 26 (3): 253–274. Bibcode:1995JHA....26..253K. doi:10.1177/002182869502600305. S2CID 117528323.
Giese, Francine; Varela Braga, Ariane; Lahoz Kopiske, Helena; Kaufmann, Katrin; Castro Royo, Laura; Keller, Sarah (2016). "Resplendence of al-Andalus: Exchange and Transfer Processes in Mudéjar and Neo-Moorish Architecture" (PDF). Asiatische Studien – Études Asiatiques. 70 (4): 1307–1353. doi:10.1515/asia-2016-0499. S2CID 99943973. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
Nadyrova, Khanifa G.; Nadyrova, Dilyara A. (2020). "Identity of the architecture of mosques in Russia in the late XX-early XXI century (as exemplified by Tatarstan)". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 890 (1) 012023. Bibcode:2020MS&E..890a2023N. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/890/1/012023. S2CID 225378507.
Ghasemzadeh, Behnam (2013). "Symbols and Signs in Islamic Architecture". European Review of Artistic Studies. 4 (3): 62–78. doi:10.37334/eras.v4i3.86. S2CID 132531146.

um.edu.my (Global: low place; English: 8,797^th place)

ejournal.um.edu.my

Azizul Azli Ahmad; Aizan Ali@Mat Zin; Ezrin Arbi (December 2013). "Typology of Interior Architecture for Traditional Mosques in Peninsular Malaysia from 1700–1900 AD". Al-Tamaddun. 8 (2). University of Malaya: 89–100. ISSN 2289-2672.

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

whc.unesco.org

Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "The Persian Garden". Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
"Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2020-04-16.
"Old City of Sana'a". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2022-06-10.

unirioja.es (Global: 990^th place; English: 2,293^rd place)

dialnet.unirioja.es

Ghasemzadeh, Behnam (2013). "Symbols and Signs in Islamic Architecture". European Review of Artistic Studies. 4 (3): 62–78. doi:10.37334/eras.v4i3.86. S2CID 132531146.

uzh.ch (Global: 1,380^th place; English: 1,488^th place)

zora.uzh.ch

Giese, Francine; Varela Braga, Ariane; Lahoz Kopiske, Helena; Kaufmann, Katrin; Castro Royo, Laura; Keller, Sarah (2016). "Resplendence of al-Andalus: Exchange and Transfer Processes in Mudéjar and Neo-Moorish Architecture" (PDF). Asiatische Studien – Études Asiatiques. 70 (4): 1307–1353. doi:10.1515/asia-2016-0499. S2CID 99943973. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2020-12-09.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Nicolle, David (22 September 2009). David Nicolle (2009), Saracen Strongholds 1100–1500: The Central and Eastern Islamic Lands. Osprey Publishing, p. 12. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN 978-1-84603-375-9. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
Ignacio Arce (2006): Umayyad arches, vaults & domes: Merging and re-creation. Contributions to early Islamic construction history. In: Proceedings of the second international congress on construction history Vol. I. Queens' College, Cambridge University 29.03.–02.04.2006, S. 195–220 PDF Archived 2016-02-01 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 1 February 2016
Dictionary of Islamic architecture: Pishtaq Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine archnet.org.
Pishtaq Archived 2015-05-03 at the Wayback Machine Britannica.com.
Kuban, Doğan (1987). "The Style of Sinan's Domed Structures". In Oleg Grabar (ed.). Muqarnas IV: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Leiden: Brill. pp. 72–97. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2004-06-24.
O'Kane, Bernard (1995). Domes Archived 2022-05-11 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
Muslim Architecture Under Seljuk Patronage (1038-1327) Archived 2022-01-28 at the Wayback Machine – Rabah Saoud, Professor Salim Al-Hassani, Husamaldin Tayeh.
"Neo-Mamluk Style Beyond Egypt". Rawi Magazine. Archived from the original on 2021-06-10. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
Giese, Francine; Varela Braga, Ariane; Lahoz Kopiske, Helena; Kaufmann, Katrin; Castro Royo, Laura; Keller, Sarah (2016). "Resplendence of al-Andalus: Exchange and Transfer Processes in Mudéjar and Neo-Moorish Architecture" (PDF). Asiatische Studien – Études Asiatiques. 70 (4): 1307–1353. doi:10.1515/asia-2016-0499. S2CID 99943973. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
"Why Moorish? Synagogues and the Moorish Revival". Museum at Eldridge Street. 2017-04-27. Archived from the original on 2019-09-01. Retrieved 2019-11-17.
Cowen, Jill S. (July–August 1985). "Muslims in China: The Mosque". Saudi Aramco World. pp. 30–35. Archived from the original on 2006-03-22. Retrieved 2006-04-08.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

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Tabbaa, Yasser (2007). "Architecture". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16164-1. ISSN 1873-9830. Because Islam originated in western Arabia, scholars have looked to the architecture of that region for clues to understanding the earliest Islamic architecture. Overall, the results have been disappointing, for with the exception of the simple structure of the Kaʿba and a few other sites—such as the Ghumdān castle in South Arabia and the structures of Khawarnaq and Sadīr in North Arabia, buildings whose fame may have exceeded their architectural merit—Arabia does not seem to have possessed an important architectural tradition and was not a significant source for the development of Islamic architecture.
Avner, Rina (2010). "The Dome of the Rock in Light of the Development of Concentric Martyria in Jerusalem: Architecture and Architectural Iconography". Muqarnas. 27: 31–49. doi:10.1163/22118993_02701003. ISSN 0732-2992. JSTOR 25769691.
McKenzie 2007, pp. 365–367. McKenzie, Judith (2007). The architecture of Alexandria and Egypt, c. 300 B.C. to A.D. 700. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11555-0. OCLC 873228274.
Hillenbrand, R. "Masdjid". In P.J. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam Online, Second Edition. Brill Academic Publishers. ISSN 1573-3912.
Capilla, Susana (2018). "The Visual Construction of the Umayyad Caliphate in Al-Andalus through the Great Mosque of Cordoba". Arts. 7 (3): 10. doi:10.3390/arts7030036. ISSN 2076-0752.
Hillenbrand 1994, p. 129-137. Hillenbrand, Robert (1994). Islamic Architecture: Form, Function, and Meaning (Casebound ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-10132-5. OCLC 30319450.
Bloom 2013, Chapter 1: The History of Scholarship and the Nature of the Problem. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Bloom 2013, p. 29-46. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Bloom 2013, p. 23-30, 46. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Bloom 2013, p. xvii, 64, 72. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Bloom 2013, p. 73-82. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Bloom 2013, p. 73-75. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Bloom 2013, p. 75. Bloom, Jonathan M. (2013). The minaret. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3725-6. OCLC 856037134.
Kennedy, Hugh (1985). "From Polis to Madina: Urban Change in Late Antique and Early Islamic Syria". Past & Present (106): 3–27. doi:10.1093/past/106.1.3. ISSN 0031-2746. JSTOR 650637.
Asher, Catherine B. (2020). "Mughal architecture". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Brill. ISSN 1873-9830.
Necipoğlu, Gülru (1995). Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Volume 12. Leiden : E.J. Brill. p. 60. ISBN 978-90-04-10314-6. OCLC 33228759. Retrieved 2007-08-20.
Azizul Azli Ahmad; Aizan Ali@Mat Zin; Ezrin Arbi (December 2013). "Typology of Interior Architecture for Traditional Mosques in Peninsular Malaysia from 1700–1900 AD". Al-Tamaddun. 8 (2). University of Malaya: 89–100. ISSN 2289-2672.
Hillenbrand 1994. Hillenbrand, Robert (1994). Islamic Architecture: Form, Function, and Meaning (Casebound ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-10132-5. OCLC 30319450.
Hillenbrand 1994, p. 14. Hillenbrand, Robert (1994). Islamic Architecture: Form, Function, and Meaning (Casebound ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-10132-5. OCLC 30319450.

Islamic architecture (English Wikipedia)

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