Isocyanate (English Wikipedia)

Riedlich, C. (2010). "Risk of isocyanate exposure in the construction industry" (PDF). CPWR – the Center for Construction Research and Training: 1–8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-04-08.

csb.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

"CSB Issues Report on 2008 Bayer CropScience Explosion: Finds Multiple Deficiencies Led to Runaway Chemical Reaction; Recommends State Create Chemical Plant Oversight Regulation". www.csb.gov. CSB. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

diisocyanates.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Welcome to the International Isocyanate Institute". Retrieved 2018-11-18.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Christian Six; Frank Richter (2005). "Isocyanates, Organic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a14_611. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
Patai, Saul, ed. (1977a). Cyanates and Their Thio Derivatives. The Chemistry of Functional Groups. Vol. 1. Wiley. doi:10.1002/9780470771525. ISBN 978-0-470-77152-5.
Patai, Saul, ed. (1977b). Cyanates and Their Thio Derivatives. The Chemistry of Functional Groups. Vol. 2. doi:10.1002/9780470771532. ISBN 978-0-470-77153-2.
Byrn, Marianne P.; Curtis, Carol J.; Hsiou, Yu; Khan, Saeed I.; Sawin, Philip A.; Tendick, S. Kathleen; Terzis, Aris; Strouse, Charles E. (1993). "Porphyrin sponges: conservative of host structure in over 200 porphyrin-based lattice clathrates". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 115 (21). American Chemical Society (ACS): 9480–9497. Bibcode:1993JAChS.115.9480B. doi:10.1021/ja00074a013. ISSN 0002-7863.
Manov-Yuvenskii, V. I.; Redoshkin, B. A.; Belyaeva, G. P.; Nefedov, B. K. (March 1981) [21 Jan 1980]. "Effect of carbon monoxide pressure, pyridine concentration, and temperature on synthesis of 1-methylbenzene 2,4-diisocyanate by carbonylation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene". Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriya Khimicheskaya. 3. Plenum: 614–617. doi:10.1007/BF00949595. UDC 542.91:541.12.034:546.262.3-31:547.546.
Manov-Yuvenskii, V. I.; Redoshkin, B. A.; Belyaeva, G. P.; Nefedov, B. K. (January 1980) [13 Oct 1978]. "Synthesis of aromatic diisocyanates by carbonylation of dinitro compounds with carbon monoxide on palladium catalysts". Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriya Khimicheskaya. 1. Plenum: 133–136. doi:10.1007/BF00951891. UDC 542.91:541.128:547.546:546.263.3-31.
Wallis, Everett S.; Lane, John F. (2011), "The Hofmann Reaction", Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 267–306, doi:10.1002/0471264180.or003.07, ISBN 978-0-471-26418-7, retrieved 2025-01-21{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Li, Zhen; Mayer, Robert J.; Ofial, Armin R.; Mayr, Herbert (2020-04-27). "From Carbodiimides to Carbon Dioxide: Quantification of the Electrophilic Reactivities of Heteroallenes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 142 (18): 8383–8402. Bibcode:2020JAChS.142.8383L. doi:10.1021/jacs.0c01960. PMID 32338511. S2CID 216557447.
Campbell, T. W.; Monagle, J. J. (1963). "Diphenylcarbodiimide". Organic Syntheses. 43: 31. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.043.0031.
Lu, Ping; Wang, Yanguang (2012). "The Thriving Chemistry of Ketenimines". Chemical Society Reviews. 41 (17): 5687–6305. doi:10.1039/C2CS35159E. PMID 22833018.
Baumgarten, Henry; Smith, Howard; Staklis, Andris (1975). "Reactions of amines. XVIII. Oxidative rearrangement of amides with lead tetraacetate". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 40 (24): 3554–3561. doi:10.1021/jo00912a019.
Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Ceballos, Diana M.; Weiland, Elisa C.; Flack, Sheila L.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Trelles Gaines, Linda G.; Nylander-French, Leena A. (2012). "Airborne Isocyanate Exposures in the Collision Repair Industry and a Comparison to Occupational Exposure Limits". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 9 (5): 329–339. Bibcode:2012JOEH....9..329R. doi:10.1080/15459624.2012.672871. PMC 4075771. PMID 22500941.
Bogaert, Pieter; Tournoy, Kurt G.; Naessens, Thomas; Grooten, Johan (January 2009). "Where Asthma and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Meet and Differ". The American Journal of Pathology. 174 (1): 3–13. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.071151. ISSN 0002-9440. PMC 2631313. PMID 19074616.
Kimber, Ian; Dearman, Rebecca J.; Basketter, David A. (2014-07-25). "Diisocyanates, occupational asthma and IgE antibody: implications for hazard characterization". Journal of Applied Toxicology. 34 (10): 1073–1077. doi:10.1002/jat.3041. ISSN 0260-437X. PMID 25059672. S2CID 29989837.
Daniels, Robert D. (2018-02-01). "Occupational asthma risk from exposures to toluene diisocyanate: A review and risk assessment". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 61 (4): 282–292. doi:10.1002/ajim.22815. ISSN 0271-3586. PMC 6092631. PMID 29389014.
Bello, Dhimiter; Herrick, Christina A.; Smith, Thomas J.; Woskie, Susan R.; Streicher, Robert P.; Cullen, Mark R.; Liu, Youcheng; Redlich, Carrie A. (2006-11-28). "Skin Exposure to Isocyanates: Reasons for Concern". Environmental Health Perspectives. 115 (3): 328–335. doi:10.1289/ehp.9557. ISSN 0091-6765. PMC 1849909. PMID 17431479.
Ceballos, Diana M.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Gaines, Linda G. T.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Flack, Sheila L.; Nylander-French, Leena A.; Yost, Michael G.; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn K. (2011-08-10). "Survey of Dermal Protection in Washington State Collision Repair Industry". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 8 (9): 551–560. Bibcode:2011JOEH....8..551C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2011.602623. ISSN 1545-9624. PMID 21830873. S2CID 33905218.
Ceballos, Diana; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Glazer, Patricia; Murphy-Robinson, Helen; Yost, Michael (2014-03-28). "Understanding Factors That Influence Protective Glove Use Among Automotive Spray Painters". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 11 (5): 306–313. Bibcode:2014JOEH...11..306C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2013.862592. ISSN 1545-9624. PMC 5514320. PMID 24215135.
Tarlo, S. M.; Liss, G. M.; Yeung, K. S. (2002-01-01). "Changes in rates and severity of compensation claims for asthma due to diisocyanates: a possible effect of medical surveillance measures". Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59 (1): 58–62. doi:10.1136/oem.59.1.58. ISSN 1351-0711. PMC 1740212. PMID 11836470.
Hu, Jimmy; Cantrell, Phillip; Nand, Aklesh (2017-07-29). "Comprehensive Biological Monitoring to Assess Isocyanates and Solvents Exposure in the NSW Australia Motor Vehicle Repair Industry". Annals of Work Exposures and Health. 61 (8): 1015–1023. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxx064. ISSN 2398-7308. PMID 29028250. S2CID 2072874.
Rose, Dale A.; Murthy, Shivani; Brooks, Jennifer; Bryant, Jeffrey (2017-09-11). "The Evolution of Public Health Emergency Management as a Field of Practice". American Journal of Public Health. 107 (S2): S126–S133. doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.303947. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 5594387. PMID 28892444.
"Request for assistance in preventing asthma and death from diisocyanate exposure". 1996-03-01. doi:10.26616/NIOSHPUB96111. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

epa.gov (Global: 882^nd place; English: 600^th place)

epa.gov

US EPA, OCSPP (2015-08-14). "Chemicals and Production of Spray Polyurethane Foam – Why It Matters". US EPA. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015. Retrieved 2018-12-08.
US EPA, OCSPP, OPPT, EETD (2015-06-06). "Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation and How to Use it More Safely". US EPA. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved 2018-11-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

cfpub.epa.gov

"Final Report | Isocyanate-Free Polyurethane Coatings | Research Project Database | Grantee Research Project | ORD | US EPA". cfpub.epa.gov. Archived from the original on December 7, 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-07.

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

echa.europa.eu

"Restriction proposal on diisocyanates and several authorisation applications agreed by RAC and SEAC". echa.europa.eu. ECHA. Retrieved 2018-11-22.

european-coatings.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Vincentz Network GmbH & Co. KG (18 May 2017). "Proposed restriction of diisocyanates". European Coatings. Retrieved 2018-11-22.

everchem.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"SAFETY DATA SHEET" (PDF). Everchem. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-03-16. Retrieved 2018-11-24.

grainger.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Isocyanate Exposure, Reaction and Protection – Quick Tips #233 – Grainger Industrial Supply". www.grainger.com. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Byrn, Marianne P.; Curtis, Carol J.; Hsiou, Yu; Khan, Saeed I.; Sawin, Philip A.; Tendick, S. Kathleen; Terzis, Aris; Strouse, Charles E. (1993). "Porphyrin sponges: conservative of host structure in over 200 porphyrin-based lattice clathrates". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 115 (21). American Chemical Society (ACS): 9480–9497. Bibcode:1993JAChS.115.9480B. doi:10.1021/ja00074a013. ISSN 0002-7863.
Li, Zhen; Mayer, Robert J.; Ofial, Armin R.; Mayr, Herbert (2020-04-27). "From Carbodiimides to Carbon Dioxide: Quantification of the Electrophilic Reactivities of Heteroallenes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 142 (18): 8383–8402. Bibcode:2020JAChS.142.8383L. doi:10.1021/jacs.0c01960. PMID 32338511. S2CID 216557447.
Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Ceballos, Diana M.; Weiland, Elisa C.; Flack, Sheila L.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Trelles Gaines, Linda G.; Nylander-French, Leena A. (2012). "Airborne Isocyanate Exposures in the Collision Repair Industry and a Comparison to Occupational Exposure Limits". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 9 (5): 329–339. Bibcode:2012JOEH....9..329R. doi:10.1080/15459624.2012.672871. PMC 4075771. PMID 22500941.
Ceballos, Diana M.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Gaines, Linda G. T.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Flack, Sheila L.; Nylander-French, Leena A.; Yost, Michael G.; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn K. (2011-08-10). "Survey of Dermal Protection in Washington State Collision Repair Industry". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 8 (9): 551–560. Bibcode:2011JOEH....8..551C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2011.602623. ISSN 1545-9624. PMID 21830873. S2CID 33905218.
Ceballos, Diana; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Glazer, Patricia; Murphy-Robinson, Helen; Yost, Michael (2014-03-28). "Understanding Factors That Influence Protective Glove Use Among Automotive Spray Painters". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 11 (5): 306–313. Bibcode:2014JOEH...11..306C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2013.862592. ISSN 1545-9624. PMC 5514320. PMID 24215135.

hse.gov.uk (Global: 8,579^th place; English: 5,055^th place)

EH40/2005 Workplace exposure limits (PDF) (4th ed.). TSO. 2020. ISBN 9780717667338. OCLC 1429445127.
"Isocyanates – Controlling hazardous substances – Managing occupational health risks in construction". www.hse.gov.uk.
"Isocyanates – Controlling hazardous substances – Managing occupational health risks in construction". www.hse.gov.uk. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

iarc.fr (Global: 4,025^th place; English: 4,090^th place)

monographs.iarc.fr

"TOLUENE DIISOCYANATES" (PDF). IARC. 1987. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
"4,4′-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE AND POLYMERIC 4,4′-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2018-11-18.

isopa.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ISOPA. "Dealing with fires involving MDI and TDI" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-09-19. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

navy.mil (Global: 237^th place; English: 170^th place)

public.navy.mil

"MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES MANUAL AND MEDICAL MATRIX (EDITION 11)" (PDF). Navy And Marine Corps Public Health Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-08. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Li, Zhen; Mayer, Robert J.; Ofial, Armin R.; Mayr, Herbert (2020-04-27). "From Carbodiimides to Carbon Dioxide: Quantification of the Electrophilic Reactivities of Heteroallenes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 142 (18): 8383–8402. Bibcode:2020JAChS.142.8383L. doi:10.1021/jacs.0c01960. PMID 32338511. S2CID 216557447.
Lu, Ping; Wang, Yanguang (2012). "The Thriving Chemistry of Ketenimines". Chemical Society Reviews. 41 (17): 5687–6305. doi:10.1039/C2CS35159E. PMID 22833018.
Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Ceballos, Diana M.; Weiland, Elisa C.; Flack, Sheila L.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Trelles Gaines, Linda G.; Nylander-French, Leena A. (2012). "Airborne Isocyanate Exposures in the Collision Repair Industry and a Comparison to Occupational Exposure Limits". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 9 (5): 329–339. Bibcode:2012JOEH....9..329R. doi:10.1080/15459624.2012.672871. PMC 4075771. PMID 22500941.
Bogaert, Pieter; Tournoy, Kurt G.; Naessens, Thomas; Grooten, Johan (January 2009). "Where Asthma and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Meet and Differ". The American Journal of Pathology. 174 (1): 3–13. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.071151. ISSN 0002-9440. PMC 2631313. PMID 19074616.
Kimber, Ian; Dearman, Rebecca J.; Basketter, David A. (2014-07-25). "Diisocyanates, occupational asthma and IgE antibody: implications for hazard characterization". Journal of Applied Toxicology. 34 (10): 1073–1077. doi:10.1002/jat.3041. ISSN 0260-437X. PMID 25059672. S2CID 29989837.
Daniels, Robert D. (2018-02-01). "Occupational asthma risk from exposures to toluene diisocyanate: A review and risk assessment". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 61 (4): 282–292. doi:10.1002/ajim.22815. ISSN 0271-3586. PMC 6092631. PMID 29389014.
Bello, Dhimiter; Herrick, Christina A.; Smith, Thomas J.; Woskie, Susan R.; Streicher, Robert P.; Cullen, Mark R.; Liu, Youcheng; Redlich, Carrie A. (2006-11-28). "Skin Exposure to Isocyanates: Reasons for Concern". Environmental Health Perspectives. 115 (3): 328–335. doi:10.1289/ehp.9557. ISSN 0091-6765. PMC 1849909. PMID 17431479.
Ceballos, Diana M.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Gaines, Linda G. T.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Flack, Sheila L.; Nylander-French, Leena A.; Yost, Michael G.; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn K. (2011-08-10). "Survey of Dermal Protection in Washington State Collision Repair Industry". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 8 (9): 551–560. Bibcode:2011JOEH....8..551C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2011.602623. ISSN 1545-9624. PMID 21830873. S2CID 33905218.
Ceballos, Diana; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Glazer, Patricia; Murphy-Robinson, Helen; Yost, Michael (2014-03-28). "Understanding Factors That Influence Protective Glove Use Among Automotive Spray Painters". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 11 (5): 306–313. Bibcode:2014JOEH...11..306C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2013.862592. ISSN 1545-9624. PMC 5514320. PMID 24215135.
Tarlo, S. M.; Liss, G. M.; Yeung, K. S. (2002-01-01). "Changes in rates and severity of compensation claims for asthma due to diisocyanates: a possible effect of medical surveillance measures". Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59 (1): 58–62. doi:10.1136/oem.59.1.58. ISSN 1351-0711. PMC 1740212. PMID 11836470.
Hu, Jimmy; Cantrell, Phillip; Nand, Aklesh (2017-07-29). "Comprehensive Biological Monitoring to Assess Isocyanates and Solvents Exposure in the NSW Australia Motor Vehicle Repair Industry". Annals of Work Exposures and Health. 61 (8): 1015–1023. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxx064. ISSN 2398-7308. PMID 29028250. S2CID 2072874.
Rose, Dale A.; Murthy, Shivani; Brooks, Jennifer; Bryant, Jeffrey (2017-09-11). "The Evolution of Public Health Emergency Management as a Field of Practice". American Journal of Public Health. 107 (S2): S126–S133. doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.303947. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 5594387. PMID 28892444.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Ceballos, Diana M.; Weiland, Elisa C.; Flack, Sheila L.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Trelles Gaines, Linda G.; Nylander-French, Leena A. (2012). "Airborne Isocyanate Exposures in the Collision Repair Industry and a Comparison to Occupational Exposure Limits". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 9 (5): 329–339. Bibcode:2012JOEH....9..329R. doi:10.1080/15459624.2012.672871. PMC 4075771. PMID 22500941.
Bogaert, Pieter; Tournoy, Kurt G.; Naessens, Thomas; Grooten, Johan (January 2009). "Where Asthma and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Meet and Differ". The American Journal of Pathology. 174 (1): 3–13. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.071151. ISSN 0002-9440. PMC 2631313. PMID 19074616.
Daniels, Robert D. (2018-02-01). "Occupational asthma risk from exposures to toluene diisocyanate: A review and risk assessment". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 61 (4): 282–292. doi:10.1002/ajim.22815. ISSN 0271-3586. PMC 6092631. PMID 29389014.
Bello, Dhimiter; Herrick, Christina A.; Smith, Thomas J.; Woskie, Susan R.; Streicher, Robert P.; Cullen, Mark R.; Liu, Youcheng; Redlich, Carrie A. (2006-11-28). "Skin Exposure to Isocyanates: Reasons for Concern". Environmental Health Perspectives. 115 (3): 328–335. doi:10.1289/ehp.9557. ISSN 0091-6765. PMC 1849909. PMID 17431479.
Ceballos, Diana; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Glazer, Patricia; Murphy-Robinson, Helen; Yost, Michael (2014-03-28). "Understanding Factors That Influence Protective Glove Use Among Automotive Spray Painters". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 11 (5): 306–313. Bibcode:2014JOEH...11..306C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2013.862592. ISSN 1545-9624. PMC 5514320. PMID 24215135.
Tarlo, S. M.; Liss, G. M.; Yeung, K. S. (2002-01-01). "Changes in rates and severity of compensation claims for asthma due to diisocyanates: a possible effect of medical surveillance measures". Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59 (1): 58–62. doi:10.1136/oem.59.1.58. ISSN 1351-0711. PMC 1740212. PMID 11836470.
Rose, Dale A.; Murthy, Shivani; Brooks, Jennifer; Bryant, Jeffrey (2017-09-11). "The Evolution of Public Health Emergency Management as a Field of Practice". American Journal of Public Health. 107 (S2): S126–S133. doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.303947. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 5594387. PMID 28892444.

pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pubchem. "Methyl isocyanate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

orica.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

msds.orica.com

IXOM. "Safety Data Sheet – TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-04-17. Retrieved 2018-11-24.

osha.gov (Global: 4,128^th place; English: 2,762^nd place)

"OSHA announces new National Emphasis Program for occupational exposure to isocyanates". www.osha.gov. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
OSHA. "Do You Have Work-Related Asthma? A Guide for YOU and YOUR DOCTOR" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-11-21.
"Safety and Health Topics | Isocyanates – Additional Resources". www.osha.gov. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
"Sampling and Analytical Methods | Methylene Bisphenyl Isocyanate (MDI) – (Organic Method #047)". www.osha.gov. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved 2018-11-22.
"1910.1000 TABLE Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants". www.osha.gov. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved 2018-11-24.

safeworkaustralia.gov.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

Safe Work Australia. "Guide to handling isocyanates" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

scribd.com (Global: 482^nd place; English: 552^nd place)

Mann, F. G.; Saunders, B. C. (1960). Practical Organic Chemistry, 4th Ed. London: Longman. p. 128. ISBN 978-0-582-44407-2. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Li, Zhen; Mayer, Robert J.; Ofial, Armin R.; Mayr, Herbert (2020-04-27). "From Carbodiimides to Carbon Dioxide: Quantification of the Electrophilic Reactivities of Heteroallenes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 142 (18): 8383–8402. Bibcode:2020JAChS.142.8383L. doi:10.1021/jacs.0c01960. PMID 32338511. S2CID 216557447.
Kimber, Ian; Dearman, Rebecca J.; Basketter, David A. (2014-07-25). "Diisocyanates, occupational asthma and IgE antibody: implications for hazard characterization". Journal of Applied Toxicology. 34 (10): 1073–1077. doi:10.1002/jat.3041. ISSN 0260-437X. PMID 25059672. S2CID 29989837.
Ceballos, Diana M.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Gaines, Linda G. T.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Flack, Sheila L.; Nylander-French, Leena A.; Yost, Michael G.; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn K. (2011-08-10). "Survey of Dermal Protection in Washington State Collision Repair Industry". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 8 (9): 551–560. Bibcode:2011JOEH....8..551C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2011.602623. ISSN 1545-9624. PMID 21830873. S2CID 33905218.
Hu, Jimmy; Cantrell, Phillip; Nand, Aklesh (2017-07-29). "Comprehensive Biological Monitoring to Assess Isocyanates and Solvents Exposure in the NSW Australia Motor Vehicle Repair Industry". Annals of Work Exposures and Health. 61 (8): 1015–1023. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxx064. ISSN 2398-7308. PMID 29028250. S2CID 2072874.

umb.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,291^st place)

alpha.chem.umb.edu

http://alpha.chem.umb.edu/chemistry/orgchem/CH20Handout.pdf Archived 2006-09-11 at the Wayback Machine, Ch20Handout, University of Massachusetts Boston

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

http://alpha.chem.umb.edu/chemistry/orgchem/CH20Handout.pdf Archived 2006-09-11 at the Wayback Machine, Ch20Handout, University of Massachusetts Boston
US EPA, OCSPP (2015-08-14). "Chemicals and Production of Spray Polyurethane Foam – Why It Matters". US EPA. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015. Retrieved 2018-12-08.
Riedlich, C. (2010). "Risk of isocyanate exposure in the construction industry" (PDF). CPWR – the Center for Construction Research and Training: 1–8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-04-08.
IXOM. "Safety Data Sheet – TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-04-17. Retrieved 2018-11-24.
"Health Effects of Diisocyanates: Guidance for Medical Personnel" (PDF). American Chemistry Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2018-11-24.
"SAFETY DATA SHEET" (PDF). Everchem. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-03-16. Retrieved 2018-11-24.
"Preventing Asthma and Death from MDI Exposure During Spray-on Truck Bed Liner and Related Applications" (PDF). www.cdc.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2006-09-21. Retrieved 2018-12-07.
ISOPA. "Dealing with fires involving MDI and TDI" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-09-19. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
"Final Report | Isocyanate-Free Polyurethane Coatings | Research Project Database | Grantee Research Project | ORD | US EPA". cfpub.epa.gov. Archived from the original on December 7, 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-07.
"Chemical Resistant Gloves > Painters and Repairers Education Program | Internal Medicine". medicine.yale.edu. Yale School of Medicine. Archived from the original on 2017-11-23. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
American Chemistry Council. "Guidance for Selection of Protective Clothing for MDI Users" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
"MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES MANUAL AND MEDICAL MATRIX (EDITION 11)" (PDF). Navy And Marine Corps Public Health Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-08. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
Safe Work Australia. "Guide to handling isocyanates" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
US EPA, OCSPP, OPPT, EETD (2015-06-06). "Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation and How to Use it More Safely". US EPA. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved 2018-11-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"TOLUENE DIISOCYANATES" (PDF). IARC. 1987. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
"4,4′-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE AND POLYMERIC 4,4′-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2018-11-18.

who.int (Global: 195^th place; English: 302^nd place)

Sekizawa J., Greenberg M. M. (2000). "Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 27: DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE (MDI)" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-11-18.

wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Wallis, Everett S.; Lane, John F. (2011), "The Hofmann Reaction", Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 267–306, doi:10.1002/0471264180.or003.07, ISBN 978-0-471-26418-7, retrieved 2025-01-21{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)

eu.wiley.com

Allport D. C., Gilbert, D. S. and Outterside S. M. (eds) (2003). MDI and TDI: safety, health & the environment: a source book and practical guide. Chichester, Wiley.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Byrn, Marianne P.; Curtis, Carol J.; Hsiou, Yu; Khan, Saeed I.; Sawin, Philip A.; Tendick, S. Kathleen; Terzis, Aris; Strouse, Charles E. (1993). "Porphyrin sponges: conservative of host structure in over 200 porphyrin-based lattice clathrates". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 115 (21). American Chemical Society (ACS): 9480–9497. Bibcode:1993JAChS.115.9480B. doi:10.1021/ja00074a013. ISSN 0002-7863.
EH40/2005 Workplace exposure limits (PDF) (4th ed.). TSO. 2020. ISBN 9780717667338. OCLC 1429445127.
Bogaert, Pieter; Tournoy, Kurt G.; Naessens, Thomas; Grooten, Johan (January 2009). "Where Asthma and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Meet and Differ". The American Journal of Pathology. 174 (1): 3–13. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.071151. ISSN 0002-9440. PMC 2631313. PMID 19074616.
Kimber, Ian; Dearman, Rebecca J.; Basketter, David A. (2014-07-25). "Diisocyanates, occupational asthma and IgE antibody: implications for hazard characterization". Journal of Applied Toxicology. 34 (10): 1073–1077. doi:10.1002/jat.3041. ISSN 0260-437X. PMID 25059672. S2CID 29989837.
Daniels, Robert D. (2018-02-01). "Occupational asthma risk from exposures to toluene diisocyanate: A review and risk assessment". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 61 (4): 282–292. doi:10.1002/ajim.22815. ISSN 0271-3586. PMC 6092631. PMID 29389014.
Bello, Dhimiter; Herrick, Christina A.; Smith, Thomas J.; Woskie, Susan R.; Streicher, Robert P.; Cullen, Mark R.; Liu, Youcheng; Redlich, Carrie A. (2006-11-28). "Skin Exposure to Isocyanates: Reasons for Concern". Environmental Health Perspectives. 115 (3): 328–335. doi:10.1289/ehp.9557. ISSN 0091-6765. PMC 1849909. PMID 17431479.
Ceballos, Diana M.; Fent, Kenneth W.; Whittaker, Stephen G.; Gaines, Linda G. T.; Thomasen, Jennifer M.; Flack, Sheila L.; Nylander-French, Leena A.; Yost, Michael G.; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn K. (2011-08-10). "Survey of Dermal Protection in Washington State Collision Repair Industry". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 8 (9): 551–560. Bibcode:2011JOEH....8..551C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2011.602623. ISSN 1545-9624. PMID 21830873. S2CID 33905218.
Ceballos, Diana; Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn; Glazer, Patricia; Murphy-Robinson, Helen; Yost, Michael (2014-03-28). "Understanding Factors That Influence Protective Glove Use Among Automotive Spray Painters". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. 11 (5): 306–313. Bibcode:2014JOEH...11..306C. doi:10.1080/15459624.2013.862592. ISSN 1545-9624. PMC 5514320. PMID 24215135.
Tarlo, S. M.; Liss, G. M.; Yeung, K. S. (2002-01-01). "Changes in rates and severity of compensation claims for asthma due to diisocyanates: a possible effect of medical surveillance measures". Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59 (1): 58–62. doi:10.1136/oem.59.1.58. ISSN 1351-0711. PMC 1740212. PMID 11836470.
Hu, Jimmy; Cantrell, Phillip; Nand, Aklesh (2017-07-29). "Comprehensive Biological Monitoring to Assess Isocyanates and Solvents Exposure in the NSW Australia Motor Vehicle Repair Industry". Annals of Work Exposures and Health. 61 (8): 1015–1023. doi:10.1093/annweh/wxx064. ISSN 2398-7308. PMID 29028250. S2CID 2072874.
Rose, Dale A.; Murthy, Shivani; Brooks, Jennifer; Bryant, Jeffrey (2017-09-11). "The Evolution of Public Health Emergency Management as a Field of Practice". American Journal of Public Health. 107 (S2): S126–S133. doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.303947. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 5594387. PMID 28892444.

yale.edu (Global: 565^th place; English: 460^th place)

medicine.yale.edu

"Chemical Resistant Gloves > Painters and Repairers Education Program | Internal Medicine". medicine.yale.edu. Yale School of Medicine. Archived from the original on 2017-11-23. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

Isocyanate (English Wikipedia)

americanchemistry.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

polyurethane.americanchemistry.com

architecturaldigest.com (Global: 2,086th place; English: 1,235th place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cdc.gov (Global: 218th place; English: 212th place)

chemistryworld.com (Global: low place; English: 9,688th place)

cpwr.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

csb.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

diisocyanates.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

epa.gov (Global: 882nd place; English: 600th place)

epa.gov

cfpub.epa.gov

europa.eu (Global: 68th place; English: 117th place)

echa.europa.eu

european-coatings.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

everchem.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

grainger.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

hse.gov.uk (Global: 8,579th place; English: 5,055th place)

iarc.fr (Global: 4,025th place; English: 4,090th place)

monographs.iarc.fr

isopa.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

navy.mil (Global: 237th place; English: 170th place)

public.navy.mil

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

orica.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

msds.orica.com

osha.gov (Global: 4,128th place; English: 2,762nd place)

safeworkaustralia.gov.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

scribd.com (Global: 482nd place; English: 552nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

umb.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,291st place)

alpha.chem.umb.edu

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

who.int (Global: 195th place; English: 302nd place)

wiley.com (Global: 222nd place; English: 297th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

eu.wiley.com

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

yale.edu (Global: 565th place; English: 460th place)

medicine.yale.edu

architecturaldigest.com (Global: 2,086^th place; English: 1,235^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cdc.gov (Global: 218^th place; English: 212^th place)

chemistryworld.com (Global: low place; English: 9,688^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

epa.gov (Global: 882^nd place; English: 600^th place)

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

hse.gov.uk (Global: 8,579^th place; English: 5,055^th place)

iarc.fr (Global: 4,025^th place; English: 4,090^th place)

navy.mil (Global: 237^th place; English: 170^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

osha.gov (Global: 4,128^th place; English: 2,762^nd place)

scribd.com (Global: 482^nd place; English: 552^nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

umb.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,291^st place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

who.int (Global: 195^th place; English: 302^nd place)

wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

yale.edu (Global: 565^th place; English: 460^th place)