Israeli settlement (English Wikipedia)

Detained, interrogated, beaten: Demand protection for Palestinian children (Amnesty USA, June 2015) Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine "While Palestinian children and adults face Israeli military courts, Jewish Israeli settlers benefit from Israeli civil law. Israel gives Jewish settlers a different system of justice – even though they are living illegally in the very same occupied Palestinian territories."

apnews.com

Aji, Albert (26 March 2019). "Trump acceptance of Israeli control of Golan sparks protests". Associated Press. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
"Settler leader: Population growth is end of 2-state solution". Associated Press. 26 March 2017.
Frankel, Julia (23 February 2024). "Israel plans to build 3,300 new settlement homes. It says it's a response to a Palestinian attack". AP News. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
"New data shows Israeli settlement surge in east Jerusalem". AP. 12 September 2019. Retrieved 13 September 2019.

archive-it.org

wayback.archive-it.org

"EU's Ashton SAYS Israeli settlement plans hurt peace moves". Reuters. 15 March 2010. Archived from the original on 1 February 2011. Retrieved 16 March 2010.

archive.org

Stephen M. Schwebel (1994). Justice in International Law: Selected Writings (What Weight to Conquest?). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 521–526. ISBN 978-0-521-46284-6.
Human Rights Watch (2002). "Civilian Residents of Illegal Settlements as "Legitimate Targets"". Erased in a moment: Suicide Bombing Attacks Against Israeli Civilians. ISBN 978-1-56432-280-7.

archive.today

"Netanyahu Presents His 'Allon-Plus' Final Status Map"^{[permanent dead link]}. Settlement Report, Vol. 7 No. 4, July–August 1997. On [3]
Bagshawe, Louise (24 March 2011). "A family slaughtered in Israel – doesn't the BBC care?". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Archived from the original on 14 January 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2011.

axios.com

"Blinken reverses Trump-era policy on Israeli settlements in occupied West Bank".

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Israeli settlement plan denounced". BBC. 8 November 2009. Retrieved 16 March 2010.
* "What next for Gaza and West Bank?". BBC. 30 August 2005. Retrieved 5 January 2010. Most Israelis support the pullout, but some feel the government has given in to Palestinian militant groups, and worry that further withdrawals will follow. Palestinian critics point out that Gaza will remain under Israeli control, and that they are being denied a political say in the disengagement process.
- Yearbook of the United Nations 2005. United Nations Publications. 2007. p. 514. ISBN 978-92-1-100967-5. The Israeli Government was preparing to implement an unprecedented initiative: the disengagement of all Israeli civilians and forces from the Gaza Strip and the dismantling of four settlements in the northern West Bank.^{[permanent dead link]}
- "The hostility of Hebron". BBC News. 18 February 2003. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
- "Palestinians shun Israeli settlement restriction plan". BBC. 25 November 2009. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- "Jewish settlers in West Bank building curb protest". BBC. 9 December 2009. Retrieved 12 December 2009.
- "Settlements 'violate Israeli law'". BBC News. 21 November 2006. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
- "Jerusalem land seizures 'illegal'". BBC News. 1 February 2005. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
- "Guide to the West Bank barrier". BBC News. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
- "Q&A: What is the West Bank barrier?". BBC News. 15 September 2005. Retrieved 5 January 2010.
- "'Hundreds join' settler violence". 2 October 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2016 – via bbc.co.uk.
- Israel makes life very hard for Palestinians, says ICRC (BBC, 17 February 2010)
- Winder, Rob (6 July 2005). "Pollution politics in the West Bank". BBC.
- "Israel confirms settlement growth". BBC News. 21 March 2005. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
- "Gaza diary: Hakeem Abu Samra". BBC News. 12 August 2005. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
- "Israel 'to keep some settlements'". BBC News. 12 April 2005. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
- "US will accept Israel settlements". BBC News. 25 March 2005.
- 'US will accept Israel settlements', BBC News Online, 25 March 2005.
- 'UN Condemns Israeli settlements', BBC News Online, 14 April 2005.

bbc.com

"Jewish settlements no longer illegal – US". 18 November 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
"UN lists 112 businesses linked to Israeli settlements". BBC.

books.google.com

Abu-Laban, Yasmine; Bakan, Abigail B. (2019). Israel, Palestine and the Politics of Race: Exploring Identity and Power in a Global Context. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-83860-879-8. The ongoing occupation has been heavily shaped by the issues of land confiscation and the building of Israeli Jewish settlements (or what Palestinians often refer to less euphemistically as "colonies").
Haklai, O.; Loizides, N. (2015). Settlers in Contested Lands: Territorial Disputes and Ethnic Conflicts. Stanford University Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-8047-9650-7. Retrieved 14 December 2018. the Israel settlers reside almost solely in exclusively Jewish communities (one exception is a small enclave within the city of Hebron).
Dumper, M. (2014). Jerusalem Unbound: Geography, History, and the Future of the Holy City. Columbia University Press. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-231-53735-3. Retrieved 14 December 2018. This is despite huge efforts by successive governments to fragment and encircle Palestinian residential areas with exclusively Jewish zones of residence – the settlements.
Rivlin, P. (2010). The Israeli Economy from the Foundation of the State through the 21st Century. Cambridge University Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-1-139-49396-3. Retrieved 14 December 2018. In the June 1967 Six Day War, Israel occupied the Golan Heights, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the Sinai Peninsula. Soon after, it began to build the first settlements for Jews in those areas.
Byron, Christine (2013). War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-847-79275-4.
Anthony Cordesman, Jennifer Moravitz, The Israeli–Palestinian War: Escalating to Nowhere, Greenwood Publishing Group, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2005 p. 432: 'Between 1993 and 1999, settlers established 42 "unofficial" settlements, only four of which were subsequently dismantled. More than a dozen new settlements were established between the 1998 Wye Accord [sic: it's the Wye River Memorandum, but Oslo Accords] and the outbreak of war, although former Prime Minister Netanyahu supposedly promised Clinton that he would halt expansion.'
Zeev Maoz Defending the Holy Land: A Critical Analysis of Israel's Security & Foreign Policy, University of Michigan Press, 2006 p. 472: 'As can be seen from the table, in 1993 there were about 110,000 settlers in the occupied territories. In 2001 there were 195,000 (Note that the number of settlers increased by 18 percent during the Al Aqsa Intifada). This was an increase of 73 percent'
Marwan Bishara, Palestine/Israel: Peace or Apartheid Zed Books, 2003 p. 133: 'The settlement expansion has continued unabated...and accelerated after the launch of the peace process.' p. 133.
Baylis Thomas, The Dark Side of Zionism: Israel's Quest for Security Through Dominance Lexington Books, 3011 p. 137: "Six years after the agreement there were more Israeli settlements, less freedom of movement, and worse economic conditions." Settlement building and roads for Jewish settlers proceeded at a frenetic pace under Barak – the classic Zionist maneuver of creating of facts on the ground to preclude a Palestinian state.' p. 137.
* Gershom Gorenberg (2007). The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967–1977. Macmillan. p. 363. ISBN 978-0-8050-8241-8. So argued the government of Israel before the country's Supreme Court in the spring of 2005, defending its decision to dismantle all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and four in the northern West Bank.
Robert Cryer, Hakan Friman, Darryl Robinson, Elizabeth Wilmshurst, An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure, Cambridge University Press 2010 p.308
Byron, Christine (2013). War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-847-79275-4.
* "What next for Gaza and West Bank?". BBC. 30 August 2005. Retrieved 5 January 2010. Most Israelis support the pullout, but some feel the government has given in to Palestinian militant groups, and worry that further withdrawals will follow. Palestinian critics point out that Gaza will remain under Israeli control, and that they are being denied a political say in the disengagement process.
- Yearbook of the United Nations 2005. United Nations Publications. 2007. p. 514. ISBN 978-92-1-100967-5. The Israeli Government was preparing to implement an unprecedented initiative: the disengagement of all Israeli civilians and forces from the Gaza Strip and the dismantling of four settlements in the northern West Bank.^{[permanent dead link]}
- Abu-Laban, Yasmine; Bakan, Abigail B. (2019). Israel, Palestine and the Politics of Race: Exploring Identity and Power in a Global Context. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-83860-879-8. The ongoing occupation has been heavily shaped by the issues of land confiscation and the building of Israeli Jewish settlements (or what Palestinians often refer to less euphemistically as "colonies").
- Robin Bidwell, Dictionary Of Modern Arab History, Routledge, 2012 p. 442
- Sara M. Roy (2016). The Gaza Strip. Institute for Palestine Studies USA, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0-88728-321-5.
- Noah Tamarkin, Genetic Afterlives:Black Jewish Indigeneity in South Africa, Duke University Press 2020 ISBN 978-1-478-01230-6 p.6: 'Nadia Abu El-Haj writes about how the American liberal multicultural Jewish organization Kulanu has partnered with right-wing Israeli groups like Amishav and Shavei Israel to settle "lost" Jews of color in the illegal settlements that have continued to displace Palestinians in recent decades. As Abu El-Haj explains, "Nonwhite Jews become the site for discussions of Jewish racism, which is viewed as an entirely internal Jewish problem. The question of Palestine, the realities of a colonial present, and its very violent forms of racism in a state structured around the distinction between Jew and non-Jew, subject and citizen, and movement and enclosure are displaced".
- Mélanie Jacques (20 September 2012). Armed Conflict and Displacement: The Protection of Refugees and Displaced Persons Under International Humanitarian Law. Cambridge University Press. pp. 77–124. ISBN 978-1-107-00597-6. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- Ben-Naftali, Sfard & Viterbo 2018, p. 52. Ben-Naftali, Orna; Sfard, Michael; Viterbo, Hedi (2018). The ABC of the OPT: A Legal Lexicon of the Israeli Control over the Occupied Palestinian Territory. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-15652-4.
- Jean-Pierre Filiu, Gaza: A History, Oxford University Press, 2014 p. 196.
- Cecilia Albin (2001). Justice and Fairness in International Negotiation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-521-79725-2.
- Gregory S. Mahler (2004). Politics and government in Israel: the maturation of a modern state. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-7425-1611-3.
- 'The charge that Israeli settlements violate international law is widely accepted in the international community. The UN, the ICJ, almost every state in the world, and the vast majority of legal experts all consider Israeli settlements to be illegal and, in fact, a war crime according to the Fourth Geneva Convention (specifically article 49, paragraph 6). The Israeli government and a small number of legal experts dispute this, arguing that the Geneva Convention is not applicable to the West Bank because Israel is not an occupying power there (since the territory had no legitimate sovereign and that, even if the Geneva Convention does apply, it only prohibits forcible population transfers (like the mass deportations..)'. Dov Waxman, The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict: What Everyone Needs to Know, Oxford University Press, 2019, ISBN 978-0-190-62534-4, p. 179.
- Kretzmer, David (2002). The occupation of justice: the Supreme Court of Israel and the Occupied Territories. SUNY Press. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-7914-5337-7.
- Bowen, Stephen (28 October 1997). Human Rights, Self-Determination and Political Change in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ISBN 978-90-411-0502-8. Retrieved 28 July 2016 – via Google Books.
- Sara M. Roy (2016). The Gaza Strip. Institute for Palestine Studies USA, Incorporated. pp. lxxii. ISBN 978-0-88728-321-5.
- Noura Erakat (2019). Justice for Some: Law and the Question of Palestine. Stanford University Press. p. 252. ISBN 978-0-8047-9825-9.
- Seada Hussein Adem (2019). Palestine and the International Criminal Court. Springer. p. 144. ISBN 978-94-6265-291-0.

btselem.org

"Population by year in West Bank settlements". B'Tselem. Archived from the original on 23 February 2010. Retrieved 14 March 2010.
By Hook and by Crook, pp. 9–10. B'Tselem
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"Restrictions on Movement". B'Tselem.
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"29 October 06: B'Tselem Urges the Security Forces to Prepare for the Olive Harvest". B'Tselem. 29 October 2006.
"Attacks on Israeli Civilians by Palestinians". B'Tselem. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

business-standard.com

"France condemns Israel over settlement building decision". Business Standard. 21 March 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.

carim.org

Anna Di Bartolomeo, Thibaut Jaulin, Delphine Perrin "CARIM Migration Report Palestine" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, CARIM – Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration, 2011, p. 5

cbc.ca

"The International Criminal Court (CBC News (Canada), 9 July 2004)".

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"Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
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cbsnews.com

"Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announces reversal of Obama-era stance on Israeli settlements". www.cbsnews.com. 18 November 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
CBS News, 2010 Jul 6, "Group: Israel Controls 42% of West Bank: Settlements Occupy Land Seized from Palestinians in Defiance of 1979 Court Ban, Israeli Human Rights Group Says" Archived 4 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine

che.org.il

Database of Institutions Archived 21 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Council for Higher Education in Israel

cnn.com

Judd, Jennifer Hansler, Haley Britzky, Donald (23 February 2024). "Blinken says any expansion of West Bank settlements would be inconsistent with international law | CNN Politics". CNN.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

edition.cnn.com

Remarks by Pres. Clinton, 7 January 2001. (Full transcript available at: cnn transcript)

commentarymagazine.com

Illegal-Settlements Myth, Commentary magazine

courthousenews.com

"Court Takes up Bid for Boycott over Israel's Occupation of Palestine".

coxwashington.com

Gee, Robert W. (25 August 2008). "Settlers Increase Attacks on Palestinians in West Bank".^{[permanent dead link]}

dailytimes.com.pk

Seth, Sushil P. "Israel sinks the peace process." Daily Times, 24 December 2010. Archived 28 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine

doi.org

Matar, Ibrahim (1981). "Israeli Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip". Journal of Palestine Studies. 11 (1): 93–110. doi:10.2307/2536048. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2536048. The pattern and process of land seizure for the purpose of constructing these Israeli colonies...
Isaac, Jad; Hilal, Jane (2011). "Palestinian landscape and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict". International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2011IJEnS..68..413I. doi:10.1080/00207233.2011.582700. ISSN 0020-7233. S2CID 96404520. The continuous construction of Israeli colonies and bypass roads all over the Palestinian land...
Thawaba, Salem (2019). "Building and planning regulations under Israeli colonial power: a critical study from Palestine". Planning Perspectives. 34 (1): 133–146. Bibcode:2019PlPer..34..133T. doi:10.1080/02665433.2018.1543611. ISSN 0266-5433. S2CID 149769054. Moreover in 1995 38,500 housing units were built in Jewish settlements (colonies)...
Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967" (PDF). The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1): 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2020. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law... Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.
Barak-Erez, Daphne (2006). "Israel: The security barrier—between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review". International Journal of Constitutional Law. 4 (3): 548. doi:10.1093/icon/mol021. The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation.
* Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.
- Pertile, Marco (2005). "'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". In Conforti, Benedetto; Bravo, Luigi (eds.). The Italian Yearbook of International Law. Vol. 14. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 141. ISBN 978-90-04-15027-0. the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.
- Matar, Ibrahim (1981). "Israeli Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip". Journal of Palestine Studies. 11 (1): 93–110. doi:10.2307/2536048. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2536048. The pattern and process of land seizure for the purpose of constructing these Israeli colonies...
- Isaac, Jad; Hilal, Jane (2011). "Palestinian landscape and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict". International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2011IJEnS..68..413I. doi:10.1080/00207233.2011.582700. ISSN 0020-7233. S2CID 96404520. The continuous construction of Israeli colonies and bypass roads all over the Palestinian land...
- Thawaba, Salem (2019). "Building and planning regulations under Israeli colonial power: a critical study from Palestine". Planning Perspectives. 34 (1): 133–146. Bibcode:2019PlPer..34..133T. doi:10.1080/02665433.2018.1543611. ISSN 0266-5433. S2CID 149769054. Moreover in 1995 38,500 housing units were built in Jewish settlements (colonies)...
- Katz, Yossi; Lehr, John C. (1 January 1995). "Symbolism and Landscape: The Etzion Bloc in the Judean Mountains". Middle Eastern Studies. 31 (4): 730–743. doi:10.1080/00263209508701077. JSTOR 4283758.
- - Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.
  - "Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory", para 120, 134, and 142 "Cour internationale de Justice – International Court of Justice" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 6 July 2010. and PAUL J. I. M. DE WAART (2005) International Court of Justice Firmly Walled in the Law of Power in the Israeli–Palestinian Peace Process. Leiden Journal of International Law, 18, pp 467–487, doi:10.1017/S0922156505002839
  - Dromi, Shai M. (2014). "Uneasy Settlements: Reparation Politics and the Meanings of Money in the Israeli Withdrawal from Gaza". Sociological Inquiry. 48 (1): 294–315. doi:10.1111/soin.12028.

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Regarding international organizations and courts of law, see "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link); regarding the UN, see UN General Assembly resolution 39/146, 14 December 1984; UN Security Council Resolution 446, 22 March 1979; and International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion, 9 July 2004, Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, para 120; Regarding the European Union position, see The Syrian Golan
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* Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.
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Isaac, Jad; Hilal, Jane (2011). "Palestinian landscape and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict". International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2011IJEnS..68..413I. doi:10.1080/00207233.2011.582700. ISSN 0020-7233. S2CID 96404520. The continuous construction of Israeli colonies and bypass roads all over the Palestinian land...
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Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967" (PDF). The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1): 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2020. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law... Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.
* Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.
- Pertile, Marco (2005). "'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". In Conforti, Benedetto; Bravo, Luigi (eds.). The Italian Yearbook of International Law. Vol. 14. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 141. ISBN 978-90-04-15027-0. the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.
- Isaac, Jad; Hilal, Jane (2011). "Palestinian landscape and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict". International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2011IJEnS..68..413I. doi:10.1080/00207233.2011.582700. ISSN 0020-7233. S2CID 96404520. The continuous construction of Israeli colonies and bypass roads all over the Palestinian land...
- Thawaba, Salem (2019). "Building and planning regulations under Israeli colonial power: a critical study from Palestine". Planning Perspectives. 34 (1): 133–146. Bibcode:2019PlPer..34..133T. doi:10.1080/02665433.2018.1543611. ISSN 0266-5433. S2CID 149769054. Moreover in 1995 38,500 housing units were built in Jewish settlements (colonies)...
- - Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1). American Society of International Law: 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.
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  - Roberts, Adam (1990). "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967" (PDF). The American Journal of International Law. 84 (1): 85–86. doi:10.2307/2203016. JSTOR 2203016. S2CID 145514740. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2020. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law... Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.

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THE SETTLEMENT STRATEGY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

"In light of the current negotiations on the future of Judea and Samaria, it will now become necessary for us to conduct a race against time. During this period, everything will be mainly determined by the facts we establish in these territories and less by any other considerations. This is therefore the best time for launching an extensive and comprehensive settlement momentum, particularly on the Judea and Samaria hilltops which are not easily passable by nature and which preside over the Jordan Valley on the cast and over the Coastal Plain on the west." "It is therefore significant to stress today, mainly by means of actions, that the autonomy does not and will not apply to the territories but only to the Arab population thereof. This should mainly find expression by establishing facts on the ground. Therefore, the state-owned lands and the uncultivated barren lands in Judea and Samaria ought to be seized right away, with the purpose of settling the areas between and around the centers occupied by the minorities so as to reduce to the minimum the danger of an additional Arab state being established in these territories. Being cut off by Jewish settlements the minority population will find it difficult to form a territorial and political continuity." "There mustn't be even the shadow of a doubt about our intention to keep the territories of Judea and Samaria for good. Otherwise, the minority population may get into a state of growing disquiet which will eventually result in recurrent efforts to establish an additional Arab state in these territories. The best and most effective way of removing every shadow of a doubt about our intention to hold on to Judea and Samaria forever is by speeding up the settlement momentum in these territories." SETTLEMENT POLICY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

"Thus, it is necessary to establish additional settlements near every existing settlement in Judea and Samaria, so as to create settlement clusters in homogenous settlement regions ..." "Over the next 5 years it is necessary to establish 12–15 rural and urban settlements per annum in Judea and Samaria, so that in five years from now the number of settlements will grow by 60–75 and the Jewish population thereof will amount to between 120,000 and 150,000 people."
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"The disposition of the settlements must be carried out not only around the settlements of the minorities, but also in between them." [Note: "minorities" refers to the Arab population in Israel and the Palestinian territories. The West Bank had some 98% Arabs in 1978.]

"New settlements will be established only on State-owned land, and not on private Arab-owned land which is duly registered. We should ensure that there is no need for the expropriation of private plots from the members of the minorities."

"As is known, it is the task of the land settlement department to initiate, plan and implement the settlement enterprise according to the decisions of the Government and of the joint Government-World Zionist Organization Committee for Settlement."

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Citations from the Drobles Plan (October 1978): [1] Archived 26 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine

"Settlement throughout the entire Land of Israel is for security and by right. A strip of settlements at strategic sites enhances both internal and external security alike, as well as making concrete and realizing our right to Eretz Israel."

"The disposition of the settlements must be carried out not only around the settlements of the minorities, but also in between them." [Note: "minorities" refers to the Arab population in Israel and the Palestinian territories. The West Bank had some 98% Arabs in 1978.]

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"As is known, it is the task of the land settlement department to initiate, plan and implement the settlement enterprise according to the decisions of the Government and of the joint Government-World Zionist Organization Committee for Settlement."

"This will enable us to bring about the dispersion … to the presently empty areas of J&S."
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THE SETTLEMENT STRATEGY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

"In light of the current negotiations on the future of Judea and Samaria, it will now become necessary for us to conduct a race against time. During this period, everything will be mainly determined by the facts we establish in these territories and less by any other considerations. This is therefore the best time for launching an extensive and comprehensive settlement momentum, particularly on the Judea and Samaria hilltops which are not easily passable by nature and which preside over the Jordan Valley on the cast and over the Coastal Plain on the west." "It is therefore significant to stress today, mainly by means of actions, that the autonomy does not and will not apply to the territories but only to the Arab population thereof. This should mainly find expression by establishing facts on the ground. Therefore, the state-owned lands and the uncultivated barren lands in Judea and Samaria ought to be seized right away, with the purpose of settling the areas between and around the centers occupied by the minorities so as to reduce to the minimum the danger of an additional Arab state being established in these territories. Being cut off by Jewish settlements the minority population will find it difficult to form a territorial and political continuity." "There mustn't be even the shadow of a doubt about our intention to keep the territories of Judea and Samaria for good. Otherwise, the minority population may get into a state of growing disquiet which will eventually result in recurrent efforts to establish an additional Arab state in these territories. The best and most effective way of removing every shadow of a doubt about our intention to hold on to Judea and Samaria forever is by speeding up the settlement momentum in these territories." SETTLEMENT POLICY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

"Thus, it is necessary to establish additional settlements near every existing settlement in Judea and Samaria, so as to create settlement clusters in homogenous settlement regions ..." "Over the next 5 years it is necessary to establish 12–15 rural and urban settlements per annum in Judea and Samaria, so that in five years from now the number of settlements will grow by 60–75 and the Jewish population thereof will amount to between 120,000 and 150,000 people."
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worldcat.org

Matar, Ibrahim (1981). "Israeli Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip". Journal of Palestine Studies. 11 (1): 93–110. doi:10.2307/2536048. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2536048. The pattern and process of land seizure for the purpose of constructing these Israeli colonies...
Isaac, Jad; Hilal, Jane (2011). "Palestinian landscape and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict". International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2011IJEnS..68..413I. doi:10.1080/00207233.2011.582700. ISSN 0020-7233. S2CID 96404520. The continuous construction of Israeli colonies and bypass roads all over the Palestinian land...
Thawaba, Salem (2019). "Building and planning regulations under Israeli colonial power: a critical study from Palestine". Planning Perspectives. 34 (1): 133–146. Bibcode:2019PlPer..34..133T. doi:10.1080/02665433.2018.1543611. ISSN 0266-5433. S2CID 149769054. Moreover in 1995 38,500 housing units were built in Jewish settlements (colonies)...
Matar, Ibrahim (1981). "Israeli Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip". Journal of Palestine Studies. 11 (1): 93–110. doi:10.2307/2536048. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2536048. The pattern and process of land seizure for the purpose of constructing these Israeli colonies...
Isaac, Jad; Hilal, Jane (2011). "Palestinian landscape and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict". International Journal of Environmental Studies. 68 (4): 413–429. Bibcode:2011IJEnS..68..413I. doi:10.1080/00207233.2011.582700. ISSN 0020-7233. S2CID 96404520. The continuous construction of Israeli colonies and bypass roads all over the Palestinian land...
Thawaba, Salem (2019). "Building and planning regulations under Israeli colonial power: a critical study from Palestine". Planning Perspectives. 34 (1): 133–146. Bibcode:2019PlPer..34..133T. doi:10.1080/02665433.2018.1543611. ISSN 0266-5433. S2CID 149769054. Moreover in 1995 38,500 housing units were built in Jewish settlements (colonies)...
Parker, Claire (1 March 2023). "Jewish settler population in West Bank passes half a million". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 9 October 2023.