Italian language (English Wikipedia)

Lüdi, Georges; Werlen, Iwar (April 2005). "Recensement Fédéral de la Population 2000 — Le Paysage Linguistique en Suisse" (PDF) (in French, German, and Italian). Neuchâtel: Office fédéral de la statistique. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2007. Retrieved 5 January 2006.

americaeconomia.com

"Los segundos idiomas más hablados de Sudamérica | AméricaEconomía – El sitio de los negocios globales de América Latina". Americaeconomia.com. 16 July 2015. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2015.

ansa.it

"Pope Francis to receive Knights of Malta grand master Thursday – English". ANSA.it. 21 June 2016. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2019.

archive.org

Bloom, Harold (1994). The Western Canon. Harcourt Brace. ISBN 9780151957477. See also Western canon for other "canons" that include the Divine Comedy.

archive.today

"Language Spoken at Home: 2000". United States Bureau of the Census. Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2012.

balkaneu.com

"Albanian government makes Italian an obligatory language in professional schools". balkaneu.com. February 2014. Archived from the original on 9 August 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.

books.google.com

Berloco 2018. Berloco, Fabrizio (2018). The Big Book of Italian Verbs: 900 Fully Conjugated Verbs in All Tenses. With IPA Transcription, 2nd Edition. Lengu. ISBN 978-8894034813. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2019.
Thammy Evans & Rudolf Abraham (2013). Istria. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 11. ISBN 9781841624457.
Lodge, R. Anthony; Pugh, Stefan (2007). Language contact and minority languages on the littorals of Europe. Logos Verlag. pp. 235–238. ISBN 9783832516444. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
Cossu, Giuseppe (1999). "Chapter 2: The acquisition of Italian orthography". In Harris, Margaret; Hatano, Giyoo (eds.). Learning to Read and Write: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective (Cambridge Studies in Cognitive and Perceptual Development, Series Number 2). Cambridge University Press. pp. 10–33. ISBN 978-0521621847. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 17 December 2023. On a hypothetical 'transparency scale' of writing systems, Italian orthography should be placed close to one extreme

brill.com

This faction was headed by Vincenzo Calmeta, Alessandro Tassoni, according to whom "the idiom of the Roman court was as good as the Florentine one, and better understood by all" (G. Rossi, ed. (1930). La secchia rapita, L'oceano e le rime. Bari. p. 235) and Francesco Sforza Pallavicino. See: Bellini, Eraldo (2022). "Language and Idiom in Sforza Pallavicino's Trattato dello stile e del dialogo". Sforza Pallavicino: A Jesuit Life in Baroque Rome. Brill Publishers: 126–172. doi:10.1163/9789004517240_008. ISBN 978-90-04-51724-0. Archived from the original on 1 October 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.

britannica.com

"Romance languages". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 6 January 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2017. ...if the Romance languages are compared with Latin, it is seen that by most measures Sardinian and Italian are least differentiated...
Barzun, Jacques; Weinstein, Donald, "The Growth of Vernacular Literature", Encyclopedia Britannica
"Alessandro Manzoni | Italian author". Encyclopedia Britannica. 18 May 2023.
"Sardinian language, Encyclopedia Britannica". Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2022.

canipa.net

Luciano Canepari, A Handbook of Pronunciation, chapter 3: «Italian».

cdila.it

"Centro documentazione per l'integrazione". Cdila.it. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
"Centro documentazione per l'integrazione". Cdila.it. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2015.

cebip.com

Longo, Maurizio (2007). "La lingua italiana in Albania" (PDF). Education et Sociétés Plurilingues (in Italian) (22): 51–56. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2014. Today, even though for political reasons English is the most widely taught foreign language in Albanian schools, Italian is anyway the most widespread foreign language.
Longo, Maurizio; Ademi, Esmeralda; Bulija, Mirjana (June 2010). "Una quantificazione della penetrazione della lingua italiana in Albania tramite la televisione (III)" [A quantification of the diffusion of the Italian language in Albania via television] (PDF). Education et Sociétés Plurilingues (in Italian) (28): 53–63. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.

census.gov

factfinder.census.gov

"Language Spoken at Home: 2000". United States Bureau of the Census. Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2012.

classicauthors.net

manzoni.classicauthors.net

"I Promessi sposi or The Betrothed". Archived from the original on 18 July 2011.

coe.int

"Languages covered by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2019. (PDF)

collinsdictionary.com

"Collins Italian Dictionary | Translations, Definitions and Pronunciations". www.collinsdictionary.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2017.

conteallestero.it

"Come si informano gli italiani all'estero" (in Italian). Archived from the original on 14 December 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.

direitolinguistico.com.br

"Lei n. 5.048/2023 - Do Município de Encantado / RS". Archived from the original on 11 August 2024. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
"Lei n. 2.812/2021 - Do Município de Santa Teresa / ES". Archived from the original on 11 August 2024. Retrieved 11 August 2024.

doi.org

Lepschy, A. L.; Lepschy, G. (2006). "Italian". Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics (Second Edition): 60–64. doi:10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/02251-3. ISBN 978-0-08-044854-1.
Dittmar, Jeremiah (2011). "Information Technology and Economic Change: The Impact of the Printing Press". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 126 (3): 1133–1172. doi:10.1093/qje/qjr035. S2CID 11701054.
This faction was headed by Vincenzo Calmeta, Alessandro Tassoni, according to whom "the idiom of the Roman court was as good as the Florentine one, and better understood by all" (G. Rossi, ed. (1930). La secchia rapita, L'oceano e le rime. Bari. p. 235) and Francesco Sforza Pallavicino. See: Bellini, Eraldo (2022). "Language and Idiom in Sforza Pallavicino's Trattato dello stile e del dialogo". Sforza Pallavicino: A Jesuit Life in Baroque Rome. Brill Publishers: 126–172. doi:10.1163/9789004517240_008. ISBN 978-90-04-51724-0. Archived from the original on 1 October 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
Pei, Mario (1949). "A New Methodology for Romance Classification". WORD. 5 (2): 135–146. doi:10.1080/00437956.1949.11659494.
Pei, Mario (1949). "A New Methodology for Romance Classification". WORD. 5 (2): 135–146. doi:10.1080/00437956.1949.11659494. Demonstrates a comparative statistical method for determining the extent of change from the Latin for the free and checked stressed vowels of French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Rumanian, Old Provençal, and Logudorese Sardinian. By assigning 3½ change points per vowel (with 2 points for diphthongization, 1 point for modification in vowel quantity, ½ point for changes due to nasalization, palatalization or umlaut, and −½ point for failure to effect a normal change), there is a maximum of 77 change points for free and checked stressed vowel sounds (11×2×3½=77). According to this system (illustrated by seven charts at the end of the article), the percentage of change is greatest in French (44%) and least in Italian (12%) and Sardinian (8%). Prof. Pei suggests that this statistical method could be extended not only to all other phonological but also to all morphological and syntactical phenomena.
Bernasconi, Giulia (2012). "L'Italiano in Venezuela". Italiano LinguaDue (in Italian). 3 (2). Università degli Studi di Milano: 20. doi:10.13130/2037-3597/1921 (inactive 16 December 2024). Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2017. L'italiano come lingua acquisita o riacquisita è largamente diffuso in Venezuela: recenti studi stimano circa 200.000 studenti di italiano nel Paese{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2024 (link)
Hajek, John; Aliani, Renata; Slaughter, Yvette (November 2022). "From the Periphery to the Center Stage: The Mainstreaming of Italian in the Australian Education System (1960s to 1990s)". History of Education Quarterly. 62 (4): 475–97. doi:10.1017/heq.2022.30. S2CID 253447737.
Prifti (2014). Prifti, Elton (2014). "Enèrgeia in trasformazione: elementi analitici di linguistica migrazionale". Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie. 130 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1515/zrp-2014-0001. S2CID 142121342.
Hall (1944), pp. 77–78. Hall, Robert A. Jr. (1944). "Italian phonemes and orthography". Italica. 21 (2). American Association of Teachers of Italian: 72–82. doi:10.2307/475860. JSTOR 475860.
Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004), p. 117. Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004). "Italian". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 34 (1): 117–121. doi:10.1017/S0025100304001628.
Hall (1944), p. 78. Hall, Robert A. Jr. (1944). "Italian phonemes and orthography". Italica. 21 (2). American Association of Teachers of Italian: 72–82. doi:10.2307/475860. JSTOR 475860.
Bertinetto & Loporcaro (2005), p. 132. Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 35 (2): 131–151. doi:10.1017/S0025100305002148. S2CID 6479830.
Bertinetto & Loporcaro (2005), p. 133. Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 35 (2): 131–151. doi:10.1017/S0025100305002148. S2CID 6479830.
Bertinetto & Loporcaro (2005), p. 134. Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 35 (2): 131–151. doi:10.1017/S0025100305002148. S2CID 6479830.
Bertinetto & Loporcaro (2005), pp. 134–135. Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 35 (2): 131–151. doi:10.1017/S0025100305002148. S2CID 6479830.
Recasens (2013), p. 13. Recasens, Daniel (2013), "On the articulatory classification of (alveolo)palatal consonants" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (1): 1–22, doi:10.1017/S0025100312000199, S2CID 145463946, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2021, retrieved 21 March 2019
Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004), p. 118. Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004). "Italian". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 34 (1): 117–121. doi:10.1017/S0025100304001628.

duolingo.com

"duolingo". duolingo. Archived from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2017.

dzs.hr

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"Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, 2001 Census". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2001. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2002.

esteri.it

"Dati e statistiche". Esteri.it. 28 September 2007. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 22 October 2015.

ethnologue.com

Italian at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

europa.eu

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Europeans and their Languages Archived 6 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Data for EU27 Archived 29 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine, published in 2012.
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"Europeans and their languages - Report - en". europa.eu. Eurobarometer. pp. 10 and 19. Archived from the original on 28 May 2024.

ezglot.com

"Similar languages to Italian". ezglot.com. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.

forbes.com

Keating, Dave. "Despite Brexit, English Remains The EU's Most Spoken Language By Far". Forbes. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 7 February 2020.

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"MULTILINGVISM ŞI LIMBI MINORITARE ÎN ROMÂNIA" (PDF) (in Romanian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2019.

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[1] Archived 17 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine

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Podestà, Gian Luca. "L'emigrazione italiana in Africa orientale" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 August 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2022.

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"Italian Language". ilsonline.it. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 7 October 2016.

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D'Antoni, Francesca Guerra. "A New Perspective on the Veronese Riddle". Romance Philology 36, no. 2 (1982): 185–200, at 186. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44943244.
Colombo, Michele, and John J. Kinder. "Italian as a Language of Communication in Nineteenth Century Italy and Abroad". Italica 89, no. 1 (2012): 109–21. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41440499. ("De Mauro started from the principle that only the inhabitants of Tuscany and Rome could easily speak the common (literary) language without a great amount of schooling, because their dialects were close to Italian. For all other Italians, it is reasonable to assume that only those who had attended at least some years of the secondary school were able to speak Italian. Given these assumptions, De Mauro (34-43) estimated that, in 1861, only 630,000 citizens, in a population of more than 25 million inhabitants, were speakers of the national language: that is, in the united Italy of the nineteenth century only 2.5% of the population was able to speak Italian. Some years later, Arrigo Castellani adjusted the percentage, arguing on the basis of new criteria that almost one-tenth of Italians spoke Italian as their everyday language in 1861.")
Hall (1944), pp. 77–78. Hall, Robert A. Jr. (1944). "Italian phonemes and orthography". Italica. 21 (2). American Association of Teachers of Italian: 72–82. doi:10.2307/475860. JSTOR 475860.
Hall (1944), p. 78. Hall, Robert A. Jr. (1944). "Italian phonemes and orthography". Italica. 21 (2). American Association of Teachers of Italian: 72–82. doi:10.2307/475860. JSTOR 475860.

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Bernasconi, Giulia (2012). "L'Italiano in Venezuela". Italiano LinguaDue (in Italian). 3 (2). Università degli Studi di Milano: 20. doi:10.13130/2037-3597/1921 (inactive 16 December 2024). Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2017. L'italiano come lingua acquisita o riacquisita è largamente diffuso in Venezuela: recenti studi stimano circa 200.000 studenti di italiano nel Paese{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2024 (link)

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Bertinetto & Loporcaro (2005), p. 133. Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 35 (2): 131–151. doi:10.1017/S0025100305002148. S2CID 6479830.
Bertinetto & Loporcaro (2005), p. 134. Bertinetto, Pier Marco; Loporcaro, Michele (2005). "The sound pattern of Standard Italian, as compared with the varieties spoken in Florence, Milan and Rome". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 35 (2): 131–151. doi:10.1017/S0025100305002148. S2CID 6479830.
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This faction was headed by Vincenzo Calmeta, Alessandro Tassoni, according to whom "the idiom of the Roman court was as good as the Florentine one, and better understood by all" (G. Rossi, ed. (1930). La secchia rapita, L'oceano e le rime. Bari. p. 235) and Francesco Sforza Pallavicino. See: Bellini, Eraldo (2022). "Language and Idiom in Sforza Pallavicino's Trattato dello stile e del dialogo". Sforza Pallavicino: A Jesuit Life in Baroque Rome. Brill Publishers: 126–172. doi:10.1163/9789004517240_008. ISBN 978-90-04-51724-0. Archived from the original on 1 October 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
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