J. J. Thomson (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "J. J. Thomson" in English language version.

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academictree.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Physics Tree - Joseph John Thomson". academictree.org. Retrieved 17 July 2025.

acs.org (Global: 1,248^th place; English: 1,104^th place)

Jones, Mark. "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 19 November 2019.

amacad.org (Global: 3,464^th place; English: 2,377^th place)

"Joseph John Thomson". www.amacad.org. Retrieved 2 February 2024.

amphilsoc.org (Global: 2,973^rd place; English: 2,148^th place)

search.amphilsoc.org

"APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Archived from the original on 16 October 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.

ams.org (Global: 451^st place; English: 277^th place)

Mackenzie, A. Stanley (1896). "Review: Elements of the Mathematical Theory of Electricity and Magnetism by J. J. Thomson" (PDF). Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 2 (10): 329–333. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1896-00357-8.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Dahl (1997), p. 324: "Thomson's model, then, consisted of a uniformly charged sphere of positive electricity (the pudding), with discrete corpuscles (the plums) rotating about the center in circular orbits, whose total charge was equal and opposite to the positive charge." Dahl, Per F. (1997). Flash of the Cathode Rays: A History of J J Thomson's Electron. Bristol and Philadelphia: Institute of Physics Publishing. ISBN 0-7503-0453-7.
George Johnstone Stoney (1894). "Of the "Electron", or Atom of Electricity". Philosophical Magazine. Series 5. 38 (233): 418–420.
J. J. Thomson (1914). The Atomic Theory. Oxford Clarendon Press.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Univ, Manchester (1882). The Victoria University Calendar for the Session 1881–2. p. 184. Retrieved 11 February 2015. ^{[ISBN missing]}
Kim, Dong-Won (2002). Leadership and creativity : a history of the Cavendish Laboratory, 1871–1919. Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad. Publ. ISBN 978-1402004759. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
Thomson, J.J. (1897). "Cathode Rays". The Electrician. 39: 104.
Mellor, Joseph William (1917), Modern Inorganic Chemistry, Longmans, Green and Company, p. 868, According to J. J. Thomson's hypothesis, atoms are built of systems of rotating rings of electrons.
Dahl (1997), p. 324: "Thomson's model, then, consisted of a uniformly charged sphere of positive electricity (the pudding), with discrete corpuscles (the plums) rotating about the center in circular orbits, whose total charge was equal and opposite to the positive charge." Dahl, Per F. (1997). Flash of the Cathode Rays: A History of J J Thomson's Electron. Bristol and Philadelphia: Institute of Physics Publishing. ISBN 0-7503-0453-7.
J. J. Thomson (1907). "The Modern Theory of Electrical Conductivity of Metals". Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. 38 (183): 455–468. doi:10.1049/jiee-1.1907.0026.: "Perhaps I can best show my appreciation by trying to answer the questions which Professor Silvanus Thompson addressed to me. I think his first question was a question rather of notation, as to the difference between the electron and the corpuscle. I prefer the corpuscle for two reasons: first of all, it is my own child, and I have a kind of parental affection for it; and, secondly, I think it has one merit which the term electron has not. We talk about positive and negative electrons, and I think when you use the same term for the two the suggestion is that there is an equality, so to speak, in the properties. From my point of view the difference between the negative and the positive is essential, and much greater than I think would be suggested by the term positive electron and negative electron. Therefore I prefer to use a special term for the negative units and call it a corpuscle. A corpuscle is just a negative electron."
Navarro, Jaume (2012). A History of the Electron: J. J. and G. P. Thomson. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-57671-0.
NA, NA (2016). Writers Directory. Springer. ISBN 978-1-349-03650-9.

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

"Sir Owen Willans Richardson, British physicist". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 18 October 2022. Richardson, a graduate (1900) of Trinity College, Cambridge, and a student of J. J. Thomson at the Cavendish Laboratory

cam.ac.uk (Global: 670^th place; English: 480^th place)

venn.lib.cam.ac.uk

"Thomson, Joseph John (THN876JJ)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

cambridgenetwork.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cambridge Physicist is streets ahead". 18 July 2002. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2014.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Robert John Strutt (1941). "Joseph John Thomson, 1856–1940". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 3 (10): 587–609. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1941.0024.
Joseph Thomson (1876). "XX. Experiments on contact electricity between non-conductors". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 25 (171–178): 169–171. doi:10.1098/rspl.1876.0039.
Rayleigh (1941). "Joseph John Thomson. 1856–1940". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society. 3 (10): 586–609. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1941.0024.
Mackenzie, A. Stanley (1896). "Review: Elements of the Mathematical Theory of Electricity and Magnetism by J. J. Thomson" (PDF). Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 2 (10): 329–333. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1896-00357-8.
Thomson, J. J. (7 August 1897). "Cathode Rays" (PDF). Philosophical Magazine. 5. 44 (269): 293. doi:10.1080/14786449708621070. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Thomson, J.J. (1899). "On the masses of the ions in gases at low pressures". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 48 (295): 547–567. doi:10.1080/14786449908621447. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
O'Hara, J. G. (March 1975). "George Johnstone Stoney, F.R.S., and the Concept of the Electron". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 29 (2). Royal Society: 265–276. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1975.0018. JSTOR 531468. S2CID 145353314.
J. J. Thomson (1907). "The Modern Theory of Electrical Conductivity of Metals". Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. 38 (183): 455–468. doi:10.1049/jiee-1.1907.0026.: "Perhaps I can best show my appreciation by trying to answer the questions which Professor Silvanus Thompson addressed to me. I think his first question was a question rather of notation, as to the difference between the electron and the corpuscle. I prefer the corpuscle for two reasons: first of all, it is my own child, and I have a kind of parental affection for it; and, secondly, I think it has one merit which the term electron has not. We talk about positive and negative electrons, and I think when you use the same term for the two the suggestion is that there is an equality, so to speak, in the properties. From my point of view the difference between the negative and the positive is essential, and much greater than I think would be suggested by the term positive electron and negative electron. Therefore I prefer to use a special term for the negative units and call it a corpuscle. A corpuscle is just a negative electron."
Orme Masson (1921). "The Constitution of Atoms". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 41 (242): 281–285. doi:10.1080/14786442108636219.^{[permanent dead link]}
Footnote by Ernest Rutherford: 'At the time of writing this paper in Australia, Professor Orme Masson was not aware that the name "proton" had already been suggested as a suitable name for the unit of mass nearly 1, in terms of oxygen 16, that appears to enter into the nuclear structure of atoms. The question of a suitable name for this unit was discussed at an informal meeting of a number of members of Section A of the British Association [for the Advancement of Science] at Cardiff this year. The name "baron" suggested by Professor Masson was mentioned, but was considered unsuitable on account of the existing variety of meanings. Finally the name " proton" met with general approval, particularly as it suggests the original term "protyle " given by Prout in his well-known hypothesis that all atoms are built up of hydrogen. The need of a special name for the nuclear unit of mass 1 was drawn attention to by Sir Oliver Lodge at the Sectional meeting, and the writer then suggested the name "proton."'
Thomson, J. J. (1905). "On the emission of negative corpuscles by the alkali metals". Philosophical Magazine. Series 6. 10 (59): 584–590. doi:10.1080/14786440509463405.
Thomson, J. J. (June 1906). "On the Number of Corpuscles in an Atom". Philosophical Magazine. 11 (66): 769–781. doi:10.1080/14786440609463496. Retrieved 4 October 2008.
"Presentation of Kelvin Gold Medal". Nature. 141 (3575): 825. 1938. Bibcode:1938Natur.141T.825.. doi:10.1038/141825d0.

education-uk.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Thomson Report (1918)". Retrieved 4 August 2025.

fi.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,047^th place)

"Joseph John Thomson". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 19 June 2025. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
"Joseph John Thomson". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 29 July 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2025.

files.wordpress.com (Global: 869^th place; English: 864^th place)

isobelf.files.wordpress.com

Falconer, Isobel (2001). "Corpuscles to electrons" (PDF). In Buchwald, J. Z.; Warwick, A. (eds.). Histories of the Electron. MIT Press. pp. 77–100. ISBN 978-0262024945.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

"Presentation of Kelvin Gold Medal". Nature. 141 (3575): 825. 1938. Bibcode:1938Natur.141T.825.. doi:10.1038/141825d0.

imss.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Awards Page – Thomson Medal Award". International Mass Spectrometry Foundation. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2023. The Thomson Medal Award is named after Sir J. J. Thomson, who was responsible for the first mass spectrograph

iop.org (Global: 1,725^th place; English: 1,828^th place)

"Silver Subject Medals and Prizes". Institute of Physics. Retrieved 7 March 2023.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

O'Hara, J. G. (March 1975). "George Johnstone Stoney, F.R.S., and the Concept of the Electron". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 29 (2). Royal Society: 265–276. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1975.0018. JSTOR 531468. S2CID 145353314.

lemoyne.edu (Global: 6,850^th place; English: 8,237^th place)

web.lemoyne.edu

Thomson, J. J. (1897). "Cathode rays". Philosophical Magazine. 44: 293.

nasonline.org (Global: 3,325^th place; English: 2,396^th place)

"Joseph J. Thomson". www.nasonline.org. Archived from the original on 22 May 2025. Retrieved 15 November 2025.

nationalarchives.gov.uk (Global: 744^th place; English: 547^th place)

discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk

"Joan Paget Thomson (later Charnock), daughter". The National Archives. Cambridge University: Trinity College Library. Retrieved 22 March 2020.

newscientist.com (Global: 774^th place; English: 716^th place)

Chown, Marcus (29 March 1997). "Forum: Just who did discover the electron?". New Scientist (2075). Retrieved 17 October 2020. Marcus Chown says the truth is not quite as the history books suggest.

nobelprize.org (Global: 301^st place; English: 478^th place)

"J.J. Thomson – Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 20 August 2025. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
"Nobel Prize in Physics 1906". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 October 2008. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
"Charles Glover Barkla – Biographical". The Nobel Prize. Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901–1921, Elsevier Publishing Company. 1967. Retrieved 11 October 2022. he worked under J. J. Thomson at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge.
"Niels Bohr – Biographical". The Nobel Prize. Nobel Lectures, Physics 1922–1941, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam. 1965. Retrieved 18 October 2022. he made a stay at Cambridge, where he profited by following the experimental work going on in the Cavendish Laboratory under Sir J.J. Thomson's guidance
"Max Born- Biographical". The Nobel Prize. Nobel Lectures, Physics 1942–1962, Elsevier Publishing Company. 1964. Retrieved 11 October 2022. Born next went to Cambridge for a short time, to study under Larmor and J. J. Thomson.
"Francis W. Aston – Biographical". The Nobel Prize. Nobel Lectures, Physics 1922–1941, Elsevier Publishing Company. 1966. Retrieved 13 October 2022. At the end of 1909 he accepted the invitation of Sir J. J. Thomson to work as his assistant at the Cavendish Laboratory
"Ernest Rutherford – Biography". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 6 August 2013. as a research student at the Cavendish Laboratory under J.J. Thomson.
"George Paget Thomson Biographical". The Nobel Prize. Retrieved 8 June 2022. he carried out experiments on the behaviour of electrons ... which showed that electrons behave as waves ...

nodak.edu (Global: 5,218^th place; English: 9,258^th place)

genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu

"Joseph Thomson". Mathematics Genealogy Project. North Dakota State University. Retrieved 31 May 2025.

probashionline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Sengupta, Sudipto (6 April 2015). "Extraordinary Professor: JJ Thomson and his Nobel Prize Factory". Probashi. Durga Puja & Cultural Association (India). Retrieved 7 August 2022. His Nobel Laureate students include Rutherford, Aston, Wilson, Bragg, Barkla, Richardson, and Appleton

rds.ie (Global: low place; English: low place)

digitalarchive.rds.ie

George Johnstone Stoney (1891). "On the Cause of Double Lines and of Equidistant Satellites in the Spectra of Gases". The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 4: 583–608.

royalsoced.org.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,521^st place)

Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783 – 2002 (PDF). Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. p. 441. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2017.

royalsociety.org (Global: 2,415^th place; English: 2,060^th place)

royalsociety.org

"Royal Medals". royalsociety.org. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
"Hughes Medal". royalsociety.org. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
"Copley Medal". royalsociety.org. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2016.

catalogues.royalsociety.org

"Search Results". catalogues.royalsociety.org. Retrieved 15 November 2025.

sciencehistory.org (Global: 3,963^rd place; English: 2,357^th place)

"Joseph John "J. J." Thomson". Science History Institute. June 2016. Retrieved 20 March 2018.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

O'Hara, J. G. (March 1975). "George Johnstone Stoney, F.R.S., and the Concept of the Electron". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 29 (2). Royal Society: 265–276. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1975.0018. JSTOR 531468. S2CID 145353314.

si.edu (Global: 340^th place; English: 295^th place)

"Hodgkins Medal". Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 24 June 2025. Retrieved 15 November 2025.

tandfonline.com (Global: 507^th place; English: 429^th place)

Thomson, J.J. (1899). "On the masses of the ions in gases at low pressures". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 48 (295): 547–567. doi:10.1080/14786449908621447. Retrieved 28 December 2024.

theiet.org (Global: 8,663^rd place; English: 5,646^th place)

"The Faraday Medallists". www.theiet.org. Retrieved 31 October 2025.

theleys.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Opening of the New Science Building: Thomson". 1 December 2005. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved 10 January 2015.

thersa.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Albert Medal". Royal Society of Arts. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"J.J. Thomson – Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 20 August 2025. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
"Nobel Prize in Physics 1906". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 October 2008. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
"APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Archived from the original on 16 October 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
"Joseph J. Thomson". www.nasonline.org. Archived from the original on 22 May 2025. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783 – 2002 (PDF). Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. p. 441. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
"Royal Medals". royalsociety.org. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
"Hodgkins Medal". Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on 24 June 2025. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
"Joseph John Thomson". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 19 June 2025. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
"Copley Medal". royalsociety.org. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
"The Albert Medal". Royal Society of Arts. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
"Joseph John Thomson". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 29 July 2024. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
"Opening of the New Science Building: Thomson". 1 December 2005. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
"Cambridge Physicist is streets ahead". 18 July 2002. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2014.
"Awards Page – Thomson Medal Award". International Mass Spectrometry Foundation. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2023. The Thomson Medal Award is named after Sir J. J. Thomson, who was responsible for the first mass spectrograph

westminster-abbey.org (Global: 4,424^th place; English: 3,507^th place)

Westminster Abbey. "Sir Joseph John Thomson".

youtube.com (Global: 9^th place; English: 13^th place)

Grayson, Mike (22 May 2013). "The Early Life of J. J. Thomson: Computational Chemistry and Gas Discharge Experiments". Profiles in Chemistry. Chemical Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 11 February 2015.

zenodo.org (Global: 621^st place; English: 380^th place)

Thomson, J. J. (7 August 1897). "Cathode Rays" (PDF). Philosophical Magazine. 5. 44 (269): 293. doi:10.1080/14786449708621070. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Orme Masson (1921). "The Constitution of Atoms". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 41 (242): 281–285. doi:10.1080/14786442108636219.^{[permanent dead link]}
Footnote by Ernest Rutherford: 'At the time of writing this paper in Australia, Professor Orme Masson was not aware that the name "proton" had already been suggested as a suitable name for the unit of mass nearly 1, in terms of oxygen 16, that appears to enter into the nuclear structure of atoms. The question of a suitable name for this unit was discussed at an informal meeting of a number of members of Section A of the British Association [for the Advancement of Science] at Cardiff this year. The name "baron" suggested by Professor Masson was mentioned, but was considered unsuitable on account of the existing variety of meanings. Finally the name " proton" met with general approval, particularly as it suggests the original term "protyle " given by Prout in his well-known hypothesis that all atoms are built up of hydrogen. The need of a special name for the nuclear unit of mass 1 was drawn attention to by Sir Oliver Lodge at the Sectional meeting, and the writer then suggested the name "proton."'
Thomson, J. J. (1905). "On the emission of negative corpuscles by the alkali metals". Philosophical Magazine. Series 6. 10 (59): 584–590. doi:10.1080/14786440509463405.
Thomson, J. J. (June 1906). "On the Number of Corpuscles in an Atom". Philosophical Magazine. 11 (66): 769–781. doi:10.1080/14786440609463496. Retrieved 4 October 2008.

J. J. Thomson (English Wikipedia)

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