Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Jacques Leon Clément-Thomas" in English language version.
Exilé de la France, il vint dans la Grand-Duché... [Exiled from France, he went to the Grand Duchy]
c'est au début du mois du juin 1871 que Eugène Appert entreprit sa serie de photomontages des Crimes de la Commune
Clément-Thomas loue/achète? le château de Bollendorf de 1867-1870. Il retourne à Paris en 9/1870 après la proclamation de la République. [Clément-Thomas rented/bought? the château de Bollendorf from 1867 to 1870. He returned to Paris in September 1870 after the proclamation of the Republic]
the first political photomontages appeared, with evocative titles - Crimes of the Commune (Eugène Appert), Martyrs of La Roquette (Hippolyte Vauvray) - faked pictures, with an anti-communard purpose, reconstructions after the event of episodes from the Commune with the help of actors in costume, highlighting mostly the executions of hostages by insurgents in May 1871.