Savory & Karamustafa 1998, pp. 628–636. Savory, Roger M.; Karamustafa, Ahmet T. (1998). "Esmāʿīl Ṣafawī". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, Vol. III, Fasc. 5. New York. pp. 514–522.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)