Jamaica (English Wikipedia)

Paul Easterling, "The Ifa' Diaspora: The Art of Syncretism, Part 5 – Obeah and Myal" in [1] Archived 30 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine (Afrometrics.org, 2017).

amnesty.org

"Document – Jamaica: Amnesty International condemns homophobic violence" (Press release). Amnesty International. 15 April 2007. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2009.

archive.org

Cundall, Frank. (1915) Historic Jamaica. London: Institute of Jamaica. p. 15.
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archive.today

"Petroleum Corp of Jamaica, Petroleum Industry Statistics". Archived from the original on 3 February 2001. Retrieved 21 July 2007.
"Petroleum Corp of Jamaica, Petrojam Ethanol". Archived from the original on 17 July 2007. Retrieved 21 July 2007.

arquivo.pt

Trevor Burnard, "A failed settler society: marriage and demographic failure in early Jamaica", Journal of Social History, Fall, 1994.

bahai.org

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Bahá'í International Community (11 August 2006). "Jamaicans celebrate 4th National Baha'i Day". Bahá'í World News Service. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2008.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Bhalla, Nita (5 November 2001). "The town that Rastafarians built". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 July 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2013.

bbc.com

"Rugby League World Cup: Jamaica reach tournament for first time". BBC Sport. 17 November 2018. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2018.

biography.com

"7 Fascinating Facts About Bob Marley". Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 10 October 2017.

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Michael Sivapragasam, After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739–1842 Archived 20 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, PhD Dissertation, African-Caribbean Institute of Jamaica library (Southampton: Southampton University, 2018), pp. 23–24.

bloomberg.com

"Jamaica Turns to Reggae Videos to Promote Inflation Target". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 22 February 2019.

books.google.com

Atkinson, Lesley-Gail (2006). The Earliest Inhabitants: The Dynamics of the Jamaican Taíno. University of the West Indies Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-976-640-149-8. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
Arbell, M. (2000). The Portuguese Jews of Jamaica. Canoe Press. ISBN 9789768125699.
J. F. Wilson Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Hot Springs Archived 15 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine, pg. 70, BiblioLife (2008), ISBN 0-554-56496-3
Richardson, David; Tibbles, Anthony; Schwarz, Suzanne (2007). Liverpool and Transatlantic Slavery. Liverpool University Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-1-84631-066-9.
Murrell, Nathaniel Samuel (25 January 2010). Afro-Caribbean Religions: An Introduction to Their Historical, Cultural, and Sacred Traditions. Temple University Press. ISBN 9781439901755. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
Stewart, Dianne M. (7 July 2005). Three Eyes for the Journey: African Dimensions of the Jamaican Religious Experience. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198039082. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
Taylor, Patrick; Case, Frederick (2013). The Encyclopedia of Caribbean Religions: Volume 1: A – L; Volume 2: M – Z. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252094330. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
Toynbee, Jason (8 May 2013). Bob Marley: Herald of a Postcolonial World. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1969–. ISBN 978-0-7456-5737-0. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2013.

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"Jamaica" Archived 20 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopædia Britannica.
"Jamaica: Self-government". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 December 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
"Encyclopedia Britannica – Jamaica". Archived from the original on 30 September 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
"Jamaica Economy". Britannica Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.

caribbeanelections.com

"Jamaican general election results 3 September 2007". Caribbean Elections: Jamaican Election Centre. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
"Jamaican general election results 29 December 2011". Caribbean Elections: Jamaican Election Centre. Archived from the original on 8 December 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
"Jamaican general election results 25 February 2016". Caribbean Elections: Jamaican Election Centre. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2020.

caribbeanmuslims.com

"Hosay Festival, Westmoreland, Jamaica". caribbeanmuslims.com. 14 February 2009. Archived from the original on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2018.

caricom.org

"The West Indies Federation". 2011. CARICOM. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
"Statement – Prime Minister Dr Keith Rowley on CSME". CARICOM.^{[permanent dead link]}

cclec.org

"Jamaica - Caribbean Customs Law Enforcement Council". Caribbean Customs Law Enforcement Council. 2018. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020. Colloquially Jamaicans refer to their home island as the "Rock"..

ccprcentre.org

"Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee: Jamaica, United Nations Human Rights Committee, CCPR/C/JAM/CO/3, paragraph 8, pages 2-3, 17 November 2011" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013.

cheapholidayhacks.com

"Kingston tourist destinations". 23 March 2023.

churchofjesuschrist.org

newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org

"Jamaica – LDS Statistics and Church Facts | Total Church Membership". Mormonnewsroom.org. Archived from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

cia.gov

"CIA World Factbook (Jamaica)". United States Government. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2007.
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"CIA World Factbook – Jamaica". Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
The World Factbook Archived 24 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine CIA (The World Factbook): Jamaica

cms.int

"High Andean Flamingos (Jamaica)". Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Germany). Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"OAS body raises concerns over Jamaica as death toll rises". CNN. 27 May 2010. Archived from the original on 30 May 2010. Retrieved 27 May 2010.

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"Amphibians and reptiles found in Cockpit Country jamaica". Cockpitcountry.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2011.

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countrystudies.us

The Sugar Revolutions and Slavery Archived 22 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine, U.S. Library of Congress.

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"Test and ODI cricket playing nations". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 8 November 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2010.

cwc.com

"LIME 3G launch in 2009" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
"Cable & Wireless Communications – NEW FLOW BRAND UNVEILED IN JAMAICA". www.cwc.com. Archived from the original on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.

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Jettka, Daniel (2010). "English in Jamaica: The Coexistence of Standard Jamaican English and the English-based Jamaican Creole" (PDF). Hamburg Centre for Language Corpora. Hamburg University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2015.

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"United States immigration statistics". Dhs.gov. 23 June 2009. Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 4 July 2009.

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"Home". www.digicelgroup.com. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.

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"Jamaican History I". Discover Jamaica. Archived from the original on 5 August 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2013.
"Geography of Jamaica". Jamaica Gleaner. Archived from the original on 18 May 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
"Climate of Jamaica". Jamaica Gleaner. Archived from the original on 29 April 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2010.

doi.org

Fuller, Harcourt; Torres, Jada Benn (2 January 2018). "Investigating the "Taíno" ancestry of the Jamaican Maroons: a new genetic (DNA), historical, and multidisciplinary analysis and case study of the Accompong Town Maroons". Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. 43 (1): 47–78. doi:10.1080/08263663.2018.1426227. ISSN 0826-3663. S2CID 166204004.
Madrilejo, Nicole; Lombard, Holden; Torres, Jada Benn (13 November 2014). "Origins of marronage: Mitochondrial lineages of Jamaica's Accompong Town Maroons". American Journal of Human Biology. 27 (3): 432–437. doi:10.1002/ajhb.22656. ISSN 1042-0533. PMID 25392952. S2CID 30255510.
Bennett, J. Harry (1964). "Cary Helyar, Merchant and Planter of Seventeenth-Century Jamaica". The William and Mary Quarterly. 21 (1): 53–76. doi:10.2307/1923356. JSTOR 1923356.
Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020). "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7723057. PMID 33293507.
Edwards, Peter E.T. (March 2009). "Sustainable financing for ocean and coastal management in Jamaica: The potential for revenues from tourist user fees" (PDF). Marine Policy. 33 (2): 376–385. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2008.08.005. S2CID 14123041. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
Lapointe, B. E.; Thacker, K.; Hanson, C.; Getten, L. (July 2011). "Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaica: Effects on nutrition and ecology of coral reef macroalgae". Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology. 29 (4): 775. Bibcode:2011ChJOL..29..775L. doi:10.1007/s00343-011-0506-8. S2CID 84875443. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
Simms, Tanya M.; Rodríguez, Carol E.; Rodríguez, Rosa; Herrera, René J. (May 2010). "The genetic structure of populations from Haiti and Jamaica reflect divergent demographic histories". Am J Phys Anthropol. 142 (1): 49–66. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21194. PMID 19918989. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
Bilby, Kenneth (1983). "How the "older heads" talk: A Jamaican Maroon spirit possession language and its relationship to the creoles of Suriname and Sierra Leone". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids. 57 (1/2): 37–88. doi:10.1163/13822373-90002097.
Mirvis, Stanley (2020). The Jews of Eighteenth-Century Jamaica: A Testamentary History of a Diaspora in Transition. Yale University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctv10sm932. ISBN 978-0-300-23881-5. JSTOR j.ctv10sm932. S2CID 219044870.
Zhang, L.; Lokeshwar, B.L. (2012). "Medicinal Properties of the Jamaican Pepper Plant Pimenta dioica and Allspice". Current Drug Targets. 13 (14): 1900–1906. doi:10.2174/138945012804545641. PMC 3891794. PMID 23140298.
WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". www.wipo.int. doi:10.34667/tind.46596. Retrieved 29 October 2023.

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Fraser, Cary (1996). "The Twilight of Colonial Rule in the British West Indies: Nationalist Assertion vs. Imperial Hubris in the 1930s". Journal of Caribbean History. 30 (1/2): 2. ^{[permanent dead link]}

eiu.com

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Doing eBusiness in Jamaica Archived 28 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine, The Economist Intelligence Unit.

eiu.edu

Elam, Rachael. "Jamaican Christian Missions:Their Influence in the Jamaican Slave Rebellion of 1831–32 and the End of Slavery" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

embassyofjamaica.org

"Embassy of Jamaica, Washington, DC". www.embassyofjamaica.org. Archived from the original on 20 June 2008. Retrieved 27 May 2017.

ethnologue.com

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export.gov

"Jamaica – Foreign Exchange Controls". export.gov. Government of the United States. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
"Jamaica – Import Tariffs". export.gov. Government of the United States. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
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fao.org

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"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

fishbase.org

"All fishes reported from Jamaica". fishbase.org. Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2011.

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mof.gov.jm

"GOJ Divestment and Projects Programme to Generate Billions in Investment Opportunities for Jamaican Capital". Government of Jamaica Ministry of Finance and Public Services. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
"Moody's Investor Services Upgrades Jamaica Sovereign Rating and Revises Outlook from Positive to Stable". Government of Jamaica (Ministry of Finance and Public Services). Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2019.

mtw.gov.jm

Annual Transport Statistics Report: Jamaica in Figures 2003-2004 Archived 2013-03-15 at the Wayback Machine, Ministry of Transport and Works, July 2005.
Ministry of Transport and Works

localauthorities.gov.jm

"Local Government Act, 2015" (PDF). localauthorities.gov.jm. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2018.

portlandmc.gov.jm

"Blue Lagoon". Portland Municipal Corporation. 13 January 2023. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 13 January 2023.

nepa.gov.jm

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gov.uk

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Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020). "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7723057. PMID 33293507.
Lapointe, B. E.; Thacker, K.; Hanson, C.; Getten, L. (July 2011). "Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaica: Effects on nutrition and ecology of coral reef macroalgae". Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology. 29 (4): 775. Bibcode:2011ChJOL..29..775L. doi:10.1007/s00343-011-0506-8. S2CID 84875443. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2018.

heraldscotland.com

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historynet.com

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hrw.org

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ianfleming.com

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ibtimes.com

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ilga.org

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imf.org

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