James Callaghan (English Wikipedia)

"Remembering Gerald Ford, 1913–2006 | AEI". American Enterprise Institute – AEI. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2021.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"BBC ON THIS DAY | 1968: Race discrimination law tightened". BBC News. 26 November 1983. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
Eason, Gary (27 March 2005). "Callaghan's Great Education Debate". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 January 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
"1978: Callaghan accused of running scared". On This Day. 7 September 1978. Archived from the original on 10 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
"Crisis? What crisis?". BBC News. 12 September 2000. Archived from the original on 6 January 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
"1979: Early election as Callaghan defeated". On this Day. 28 March 1979. Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
"Jim Callaghan: A life in quotes". BBC. 26 March 2005. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
Wilenius, Paul (5 March 2004). "Enemies within: Thatcher and the unions". BBC News. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
Knight, Richard (2 December 2008). "Finger on the Nuclear Button". BBC Today Programme. BBC. Archived from the original on 9 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
"Callaghan expects 'worst PM' tag". BBC News. 8 October 1999. Archived from the original on 6 May 2004. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
"Queen dines with her prime ministers". BBC News. 29 April 2002. Archived from the original on 12 February 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2011.

biography.wales

"CALLAGHAN, LEONARD JAMES, Lord Callaghan of Cardiff (1912–2005), politician". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. Retrieved 8 November 2024.

books.google.com

Free at Last!: Diaries, 1991–2001 Archived 8 November 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Tony Benn, Random House, 2003, page 401

bundesbank.de

Monatsbericht 12/1967, p. 104 Archived 18 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine der Bundesbank.

cardiff.gov.uk

"HONORARY FREEMAN OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF CARDIFF" (PDF). Cardiff City Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2021.

doi.org

Hattersley, Roy (2013). "Callaghan, Leonard James [Jim], Baron Callaghan of Cardiff". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/94837. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

economist.com

Callaghan, Michael (12 January 2023). "James Callaghan's religion". The Economist.

electionpolling.co.uk

"Election 1979 Results". Election Polling. Retrieved 9 November 2024.

historyandpolicy.org

Bingham, Adrian. "'The last milestone' on the journey to full adult suffrage? 50 years of debates about the voting age". Retrieved 20 July 2025.

historyextra.com

Byrne, Eugene (4 November 2011). "Waiting at the Church". History Extra. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.

historyhit.com

Sherrin, Richard (22 September 2021). "10 Facts About James Callaghan". History Hit. Retrieved 25 January 2025. Callaghan went on to become the longest living Prime Minister in history. He died on 26 March 2005, aged 92.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

historynewsnetwork.org

Reader, Luke James. "Why Don't Britain's Leaders Pray in Public?". History News Network. Retrieved 13 December 2021.

independent.co.uk

Geraldine Bednell (3 March 1996). "A Woman of Affairs". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.

infobritain.co.uk

"James Callaghan". infobritain.co.uk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2015.

ipsos-mori.com

"Comment & Analysis | New Labour And Delivery". Ipsos MORI. 15 May 2004. Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.

measuringworth.com

UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 7 May 2024.

nationalarchives.gov.uk

The Cabinet Papers: Reform and VAT Archived 9 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, from the National Archives

newstatesman.com

Lattimer, Mark (22 January 1999), When Labour played the racist card Archived 5 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine, New Statesman.

oxforddnb.com

Hattersley, Roy (2013). "Callaghan, Leonard James [Jim], Baron Callaghan of Cardiff". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/94837. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

parliament.uk

"James Callaghan, Lord Callaghan of Cardiff". www.parliament.uk. Retrieved 25 January 2025. When he became Prime Minister in 1976, he became the last armed forces veteran to enter that office and the only Prime Minister who served in the Royal Navy.

socialistworld.net

"Britain: The road to New Labour". socialistworld.net. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.

spartacus-educational.com

"James Callaghan". Spartacus-Educational.com. 19 July 1966. Archived from the original on 9 July 2009. Retrieved 27 February 2019.

stgeorges-windsor.org

"Garter Banner Locations" (PDF). St. George's Chapel Windsor. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 November 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
Chessyre, Hubert (1995–1996). "The Heraldry of the Garter Banners" (PDF). Report of the Society of the Friends of St George's and the Descendants of the Knights of the Garter. VII (7): 288. Retrieved 19 January 2022.

studysmarter.co.uk

"General Election 1979". StudySmarter. Retrieved 3 November 2024.

telegraph.co.uk

"Obituary: Lord Callaghan of Cardiff". The Telegraph. 28 March 2005. Archived from the original on 3 September 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2018.

thecritic.co.uk

Stewart, Graham (25 November 2020). "Britain's last conservative prime minister". The Critic Magazine. Retrieved 25 January 2025. He was the last prime minister of Great Britain to have served in her armed forces.

thegazette.co.uk

"No. 51118". The London Gazette. 12 November 1987. p. 13941.

theguardian.com

"Kindness and candour". The Guardian. 27 March 2005. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 25 January 2025. He saw war service, the last British prime minister to do so, volunteering for the navy, in which his father had served.
McKie, David (28 March 2005). "Obituary: Lord Callaghan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
Clark, Neil (20 September 2007). "How Jim Callaghan Changed the World". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
Taylor, Matthew (7 January 2007). "Tony, you can leave the stage with them still wanting more". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
Stoddard, Katy (4 May 2010). "Newspaper support in UK general elections". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
Julia Langdon (17 March 2005). "Audrey Callaghan". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
Wintour, Patrick; Julian Glover (14 February 2005). "Lord Callaghan sets record". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2021.

thepoliticsteacher.org

thepoliticsteacherorg.thepoliticsteacher.org

"The Election of 1979". The Politics Shed. Retrieved 9 November 2024.

unithistories.com

J.N. Houterman. "Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) Officers 1939–1945". Unithistories.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2010.

walesonline.co.uk

Blake, Aled (18 August 2005), "'A lot of what he did was for great causes when he retired from frontline politics' | This is how Britain's first millionaire socialist Prime Minister made and shared his wealth", Wales Online. Archived 25 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 26/4/21.

web.archive.org

McKie, David (28 March 2005). "Obituary: Lord Callaghan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
"Obituary: Lord Callaghan of Cardiff". The Telegraph. 28 March 2005. Archived from the original on 3 September 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
J.N. Houterman. "Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) Officers 1939–1945". Unithistories.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
The Cabinet Papers: Reform and VAT Archived 9 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, from the National Archives
Britain:Selective Torment, Time, Friday, 16 September 1966
Monatsbericht 12/1967, p. 104 Archived 18 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine der Bundesbank.
"James Callaghan". Spartacus-Educational.com. 19 July 1966. Archived from the original on 9 July 2009. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
Lattimer, Mark (22 January 1999), When Labour played the racist card Archived 5 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine, New Statesman.
"BBC ON THIS DAY | 1968: Race discrimination law tightened". BBC News. 26 November 1983. Archived from the original on 6 December 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
"HONORARY FREEMAN OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF CARDIFF" (PDF). Cardiff City Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
Eason, Gary (27 March 2005). "Callaghan's Great Education Debate". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 January 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
Clark, Neil (20 September 2007). "How Jim Callaghan Changed the World". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
"1978: Callaghan accused of running scared". On This Day. 7 September 1978. Archived from the original on 10 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
Byrne, Eugene (4 November 2011). "Waiting at the Church". History Extra. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
Taylor, Matthew (7 January 2007). "Tony, you can leave the stage with them still wanting more". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
"Crisis? What crisis?". BBC News. 12 September 2000. Archived from the original on 6 January 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
"Comment & Analysis | New Labour And Delivery". Ipsos MORI. 15 May 2004. Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
Stoddard, Katy (4 May 2010). "Newspaper support in UK general elections". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
"1979: Early election as Callaghan defeated". On this Day. 28 March 1979. Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
Wilenius, Paul (5 March 2004). "Enemies within: Thatcher and the unions". BBC News. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
"Remembering Gerald Ford, 1913–2006 | AEI". American Enterprise Institute – AEI. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
"Britain: The road to New Labour". socialistworld.net. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
Free at Last!: Diaries, 1991–2001 Archived 8 November 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Tony Benn, Random House, 2003, page 401
Knight, Richard (2 December 2008). "Finger on the Nuclear Button". BBC Today Programme. BBC. Archived from the original on 9 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
"Callaghan expects 'worst PM' tag". BBC News. 8 October 1999. Archived from the original on 6 May 2004. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
"Queen dines with her prime ministers". BBC News. 29 April 2002. Archived from the original on 12 February 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2011.
Geraldine Bednell (3 March 1996). "A Woman of Affairs". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
"James Callaghan". infobritain.co.uk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
Blake, Aled (18 August 2005), "'A lot of what he did was for great causes when he retired from frontline politics' | This is how Britain's first millionaire socialist Prime Minister made and shared his wealth", Wales Online. Archived 25 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 26/4/21.
Wintour, Patrick; Julian Glover (14 February 2005). "Lord Callaghan sets record". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
"James Callaghan". Westminster Abbey. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
"Garter Banner Locations" (PDF). St. George's Chapel Windsor. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 November 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2021.

westminster-abbey.org

"James Callaghan".
"James Callaghan". Westminster Abbey. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 11 September 2016.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

"Kindness and candour". The Guardian. 27 March 2005. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 25 January 2025. He saw war service, the last British prime minister to do so, volunteering for the navy, in which his father had served.