Japanese language (English Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Japanese language" in English language version.
Last modified:
Ref.Un. Ref.Website
Global rank
English rank
1st place
1st place
3rd place
3rd place
low place
low place
354th place
413th place
407th place
286th place
18th place
18th place
64th place
28th place
7th place
7th place
8,662nd place
5,532nd place
1,483rd place
930th place
77th place
305th place
2,889th place
3,637th place
low place
low place
low place
low place
5,122nd place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
517th place
315th place
6th place
6th place
105th place
99th place
4th place
4th place
96th place
89th place
8,920th place
6,129th place
low place
low place
low place
low place
7,130th place
8,318th place
low place
low place
low place
low place
3,693rd place
4,281st place
low place
low place
2,939th place
1,651st place
academia.edu (Global: 105th place; English: 99th place)
- Vovin, Alexander (2008). "Proto-Japanese beyond the accent system". Proto-Japanese. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. Vol. 294. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 141–156. doi:10.1075/cilt.294.11vov. ISBN 978-90-272-4809-1. ISSN 0304-0763. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2017-12-20.
archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)
- Coulmas, Florian (1989). Language Adaptation. Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. pp. 106. ISBN 978-0-521-36255-9.
asiasocietymuseum.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Buddhist Art of Korea & Japan", Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Asia Society Museum.
books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)
- Frellesvig & Whitman 2008, p. 1. Frellesvig, B.; Whitman, J. (2008). Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects. Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science / 4. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 978-90-272-4809-1. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
- Frellesvig 2010, p. 11. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Frellesvig 2010, p. 24. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Frellesvig 2010, p. 184 Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Frellesvig 2010, pp. 378–379. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- The Japanese in Colonial Southeast Asia – Google Books Archived 2020-01-14 at the Wayback Machine. Books.google.com. Retrieved on 2014-06-07.
- Kindaichi, Haruhiko (2011-12-20). Japanese Language: Learn the Fascinating History and Evolution of the Language Along With Many Useful Japanese Grammar Points. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0266-8. Archived from the original on 2021-11-15. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
- Vovin 2010. Vovin, Alexander (2010). Korea-Japonica: A Re-Evaluation of a Common Genetic Origin. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3278-0. Archived from the original on 2020-08-23. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
- Shunpei Mizuno, ed. (2002). 韓国人の日本偽史―日本人はビックリ! (in Japanese). Shogakukan. ISBN 978-4-09-402716-7. Archived from the original on 2020-12-09. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
- Shunpei Mizuno, ed. (2007). 韓vs日「偽史ワールド」 (in Japanese). Shogakukan. ISBN 978-4-09-387703-9. Archived from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
c-span.org (Global: 2,939th place; English: 1,651st place)
- Beate Sirota Gordon commencement address at Mills College, 14 May 2011. "Sotomayor, Denzel Washington, GE CEO Speak to Graduates", Archived 2011-06-23 at the Wayback Machine C-SPAN (US). 30 May 2011; retrieved 2011-05-30
census.gov (Global: 18th place; English: 18th place)
factfinder.census.gov
- "S0201". American FactFinder. Archived from the original on 2011-11-12. Retrieved 2013-02-01.
census.gov
- "Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 1 July 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
cia.gov (Global: 133rd place; English: 275th place)
- Japanese is listed as one of the official languages of Angaur state, Palau ("Palau". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01, "Palau". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 2021-02-03). However, very few Japanese speakers were recorded in the "2005 Census of Population and Housing of the Republic of Palau - Volume I: Basic Tables" (PDF). Office of Planning and Statistics, Republic of Palau. December 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-16 – via Secretariat of the Pacific Community.
doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)
- Labrune, Laurence (2012). "Consonants". The Phonology of Japanese. The Phonology of the World's Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–91. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199545834.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-954583-4. Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2021-10-14.
- Vovin, Alexander (2008). "Proto-Japanese beyond the accent system". Proto-Japanese. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. Vol. 294. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 141–156. doi:10.1075/cilt.294.11vov. ISBN 978-90-272-4809-1. ISSN 0304-0763. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2017-12-20.
- Vance, Timothy J. (April 1993). "Are Japanese Particles Clitics?". Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese. 27 (1): 3–33. doi:10.2307/489122. JSTOR 489122.
- Okamono, Shigeko (2021). "Japanese Language and Gender Research: The Last Thirty Years and Beyond". Gender and Language. 15 (2): 277–. doi:10.1558/genl.20316.
- MILLER, LAURA (2004). "Those Naughty Teenage Girls: Japanese Kogals, Slang, and Media Assessments". Journal of Linguistic Anthropology. 14 (2): 225–247. doi:10.1525/jlin.2004.14.2.225.
ethnologue.com (Global: 354th place; English: 413th place)
- Japanese at Ethnologue (27th ed., 2024)
- Japanese is listed as one of the official languages of Angaur state, Palau ("Palau". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01, "Palau". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 2021-02-03). However, very few Japanese speakers were recorded in the "2005 Census of Population and Housing of the Republic of Palau - Volume I: Basic Tables" (PDF). Office of Planning and Statistics, Republic of Palau. December 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-16 – via Secretariat of the Pacific Community.
ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)
- Wade, Nicholas (4 May 2011). "Finding on Dialects Casts New Light on the Origins of the Japanese People". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
japan-guide.com (Global: 7,130th place; English: 8,318th place)
- "Kanji", Archived 2012-05-10 at the Wayback Machine JapanGuide.com.
japantimes.co.jp (Global: 407th place; English: 286th place)
- Pulvers, Roger (2006-05-23). "Opening up to difference: The dialect dialectic". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 2020-06-17. Retrieved 2020-06-17.
- Patrick Heinrich (25 August 2014). "Use them or lose them: There's more at stake than language in reviving Ryukyuan tongues". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2019-10-24.
japanvisitor.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "History of Japan", Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine JapanVisitor.com.
jpf.go.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Survey Report on Japanese-Language Education Abroad" (PDF). Japan Foundation. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)
- Vance, Timothy J. (April 1993). "Are Japanese Particles Clitics?". Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese. 27 (1): 3–33. doi:10.2307/489122. JSTOR 489122.
kuwashiijapanese.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Kanji and Homophones Part I – Does Japanese have too few sounds?". Kuwashii Japanese. 8 January 2017. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
mit.edu (Global: 476th place; English: 340th place)
web.mit.edu
- Miyagawa, Shigeru. "The Japanese Language". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on July 20, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
mla.org (Global: 7,706th place; English: 6,458th place)
- "Japanese – Source Census 2000, Summary File 3, STP 258". Modern Language Association. Archived from the original on 2012-12-21. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
msn.com (Global: 188th place; English: 215th place)
encarta.msn.com
- "Pottery", Archived 2009-05-01 at the Wayback Machine MSN Encarta.
ninjal.ac.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Long, Daniel; Imamura, Keisuke; Tmodrang, Masaharu (2013). The Japanese Language in Palau (PDF) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics. pp. 85–86. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)
- Wade, Nicholas (4 May 2011). "Finding on Dialects Casts New Light on the Origins of the Japanese People". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
ohchr.org (Global: 1,204th place; English: 1,164th place)
- "Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Japanese (Nihongo)". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
omniglot.com (Global: 3,693rd place; English: 4,281st place)
- Ager, Simon (2017). "Japanese Hiragana". Omniglot. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
pacificdigitallibrary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Constitution of the State of Angaur". Pacific Digital Library. Article XII. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
The traditional Palauan language, particularly the dialect spoken by the people of Angaur State, shall be the language of the State of Angaur. Palauan, English and Japanese shall be the official languages.
pacificweb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "1958 Census of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands" (PDF). The Office of the High Commissioner. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
palaugov.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "2005 Census of Population & Housing" (PDF). Bureau of Budget & Planning. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
philippinealmanac.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Archived July 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
researchgate.net (Global: 96th place; English: 89th place)
- "Austronesian influence and Transeurasian ancestry in Japanese: A case of farming/language dispersal". ResearchGate. Archived from the original on 2019-02-19. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
sangiin.go.jp (Global: 5,122nd place; English: low place)
houseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp
- 法制執務コラム集「法律と国語・日本語」 (in Japanese). Legislative Bureau of the House of Councillors. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
sealang.net (Global: 8,920th place; English: 6,129th place)
- Ann Kumar (1996). "Does Japanese have an Austronesian stratum?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-03. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
seapots.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Archived October 19, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
sicri-network.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Heinrich, Patrick. "What leaves a mark should no longer stain: Progressive erasure and reversing language shift activities in the Ryukyu Islands", Archived 2011-05-16 at the Wayback Machine First International Small Island Cultures Conference at Kagoshima University, Centre for the Pacific Islands, 7–10 February 2005; citing Shiro Hattori. (1954) Gengo nendaigaku sunawachi goi tokeigaku no hoho ni tsuite ("Concerning the Method of Glottochronology and Lexicostatistics"), Gengo kenkyu (Journal of the Linguistic Society of Japan), Vols. 26/27.
sljfaq.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Bullock, Ben. "What is Japanese pitch accent?". Ben Bullock. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- Burlock, Ben (2017). "How did katakana and hiragana originate?". sci.lang.japan. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
spc.int (Global: 7,399th place; English: 9,535th place)
- Japanese is listed as one of the official languages of Angaur state, Palau ("Palau". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01, "Palau". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 2021-02-03). However, very few Japanese speakers were recorded in the "2005 Census of Population and Housing of the Republic of Palau - Volume I: Basic Tables" (PDF). Office of Planning and Statistics, Republic of Palau. December 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-16 – via Secretariat of the Pacific Community.
statcan.ca (Global: 2,889th place; English: 3,637th place)
www12.statcan.ca
- "Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada – Data table". Statistics Canada. 2010-06-10. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
thedailybeast.com (Global: 517th place; English: 315th place)
- See the comments of George Kizaki in Stuky, Natalie-Kyoko (8 August 2015). "Exclusive: From Internment Camp to MacArthur's Aide in Rebuilding Japan". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
tofugu.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Koichi (13 September 2011). "Yamato Kotoba: The REAL Japanese Language". Tofugu. Archived from the original on 2016-05-31. Retrieved 2016-03-26.
un.org (Global: 117th place; English: 160th place)
- "Universal Declaration of Human Rights". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2021-03-16. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
universitypressscholarship.com (Global: 8,662nd place; English: 5,532nd place)
oxford.universitypressscholarship.com
- Labrune, Laurence (2012). "Consonants". The Phonology of Japanese. The Phonology of the World's Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–91. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199545834.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-954583-4. Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2021-10-14.
uol.com.br (Global: 77th place; English: 305th place)
madeinjapan.uol.com.br
- "IBGE traça perfil dos imigrantes" (in Portuguese). Made in Japan. 2008-06-21. Archived from the original on 2012-11-19. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
utoronto.ca (Global: 1,483rd place; English: 930th place)
homes.chass.utoronto.ca
- Hall, Kathleen Currie (2013). "Documenting phonological change: A comparison of two Japanese phonemic splits" (PDF). In Luo, Shan (ed.). Proceedings of the 2013 Annual Conference of the Canadian Linguistic Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-12. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)
- Frellesvig & Whitman 2008, p. 1. Frellesvig, B.; Whitman, J. (2008). Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects. Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science / 4. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 978-90-272-4809-1. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
- Frellesvig 2010, p. 11. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Frellesvig 2010, p. 24. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Frellesvig 2010, p. 184 Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Labrune, Laurence (2012). "Consonants". The Phonology of Japanese. The Phonology of the World's Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–91. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199545834.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-954583-4. Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2021-10-14.
- Frellesvig 2010, pp. 378–379. Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65320-6. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- Hall, Kathleen Currie (2013). "Documenting phonological change: A comparison of two Japanese phonemic splits" (PDF). In Luo, Shan (ed.). Proceedings of the 2013 Annual Conference of the Canadian Linguistic Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-12. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
- Japanese is listed as one of the official languages of Angaur state, Palau ("Palau". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01, "Palau". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 2021-02-03). However, very few Japanese speakers were recorded in the "2005 Census of Population and Housing of the Republic of Palau - Volume I: Basic Tables" (PDF). Office of Planning and Statistics, Republic of Palau. December 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-16 – via Secretariat of the Pacific Community.
- "IBGE traça perfil dos imigrantes" (in Portuguese). Made in Japan. 2008-06-21. Archived from the original on 2012-11-19. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
- "S0201". American FactFinder. Archived from the original on 2011-11-12. Retrieved 2013-02-01.
- "Japanese – Source Census 2000, Summary File 3, STP 258". Modern Language Association. Archived from the original on 2012-12-21. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
- "Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada – Data table". Statistics Canada. 2010-06-10. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2012-11-20.
- "Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 1 July 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
- The Japanese in Colonial Southeast Asia – Google Books Archived 2020-01-14 at the Wayback Machine. Books.google.com. Retrieved on 2014-06-07.
- Archived October 19, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
- Archived July 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- 法制執務コラム集「法律と国語・日本語」 (in Japanese). Legislative Bureau of the House of Councillors. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
- Bullock, Ben. "What is Japanese pitch accent?". Ben Bullock. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- Pulvers, Roger (2006-05-23). "Opening up to difference: The dialect dialectic". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 2020-06-17. Retrieved 2020-06-17.
- "Constitution of the State of Angaur". Pacific Digital Library. Article XII. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
The traditional Palauan language, particularly the dialect spoken by the people of Angaur State, shall be the language of the State of Angaur. Palauan, English and Japanese shall be the official languages.
- "2005 Census of Population & Housing" (PDF). Bureau of Budget & Planning. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
- See the comments of George Kizaki in Stuky, Natalie-Kyoko (8 August 2015). "Exclusive: From Internment Camp to MacArthur's Aide in Rebuilding Japan". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- Patrick Heinrich (25 August 2014). "Use them or lose them: There's more at stake than language in reviving Ryukyuan tongues". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2019-10-24.
- Kindaichi, Haruhiko (2011-12-20). Japanese Language: Learn the Fascinating History and Evolution of the Language Along With Many Useful Japanese Grammar Points. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0266-8. Archived from the original on 2021-11-15. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
- Vovin, Alexander (2008). "Proto-Japanese beyond the accent system". Proto-Japanese. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. Vol. 294. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 141–156. doi:10.1075/cilt.294.11vov. ISBN 978-90-272-4809-1. ISSN 0304-0763. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2017-12-20.
- Vovin 2010. Vovin, Alexander (2010). Korea-Japonica: A Re-Evaluation of a Common Genetic Origin. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3278-0. Archived from the original on 2020-08-23. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
- "Austronesian influence and Transeurasian ancestry in Japanese: A case of farming/language dispersal". ResearchGate. Archived from the original on 2019-02-19. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
- Ann Kumar (1996). "Does Japanese have an Austronesian stratum?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-03. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
- "Kanji and Homophones Part I – Does Japanese have too few sounds?". Kuwashii Japanese. 8 January 2017. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
- "Buddhist Art of Korea & Japan", Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Asia Society Museum.
- "Kanji", Archived 2012-05-10 at the Wayback Machine JapanGuide.com.
- "Pottery", Archived 2009-05-01 at the Wayback Machine MSN Encarta.
- "History of Japan", Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine JapanVisitor.com.
- Heinrich, Patrick. "What leaves a mark should no longer stain: Progressive erasure and reversing language shift activities in the Ryukyu Islands", Archived 2011-05-16 at the Wayback Machine First International Small Island Cultures Conference at Kagoshima University, Centre for the Pacific Islands, 7–10 February 2005; citing Shiro Hattori. (1954) Gengo nendaigaku sunawachi goi tokeigaku no hoho ni tsuite ("Concerning the Method of Glottochronology and Lexicostatistics"), Gengo kenkyu (Journal of the Linguistic Society of Japan), Vols. 26/27.
- Shunpei Mizuno, ed. (2002). 韓国人の日本偽史―日本人はビックリ! (in Japanese). Shogakukan. ISBN 978-4-09-402716-7. Archived from the original on 2020-12-09. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
- Shunpei Mizuno, ed. (2007). 韓vs日「偽史ワールド」 (in Japanese). Shogakukan. ISBN 978-4-09-387703-9. Archived from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
- Burlock, Ben (2017). "How did katakana and hiragana originate?". sci.lang.japan. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- Ager, Simon (2017). "Japanese Hiragana". Omniglot. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- Miyagawa, Shigeru. "The Japanese Language". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on July 20, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
- Koichi (13 September 2011). "Yamato Kotoba: The REAL Japanese Language". Tofugu. Archived from the original on 2016-05-31. Retrieved 2016-03-26.
- Beate Sirota Gordon commencement address at Mills College, 14 May 2011. "Sotomayor, Denzel Washington, GE CEO Speak to Graduates", Archived 2011-06-23 at the Wayback Machine C-SPAN (US). 30 May 2011; retrieved 2011-05-30
- "Survey Report on Japanese-Language Education Abroad" (PDF). Japan Foundation. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- "Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Japanese (Nihongo)". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
- "Universal Declaration of Human Rights". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2021-03-16. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)
search.worldcat.org
- Vovin, Alexander (2008). "Proto-Japanese beyond the accent system". Proto-Japanese. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. Vol. 294. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 141–156. doi:10.1075/cilt.294.11vov. ISBN 978-90-272-4809-1. ISSN 0304-0763. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2017-12-20.
worldschoolbooks.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "A Complete Overview of the Japanese Language". 2024-09-14. Retrieved 2025-05-30.