Juvenile delinquency in the United States (English Wikipedia)

Shaw, Terry; Bright, Charlotte; Sharpe, Tanya (2015). "Child welfare outcomes for youth in care as a result of parental death or parental incarceration". Child Abuse and Neglect. 42: 112–120. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.01.002. PMID 25641050.
Reyes, Jessica Wolpaw (May 2007). "Environmental Policy as Social Policy? The Impact of Childhood Lead Exposure on Crime". National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 13097. doi:10.3386/w13097.
Farmer, Thomas W.; Price, LaShawndra N.; O'Neal, Keri K.; Leung, Man-Chi; Goforth, Jennifer B.; Cairns, Beverley D.; Reese, Le'Roy E. (2004). "Exploring Risk in Early Adolescent African American Youth". American Journal of Community Psychology. 33 (1/2): 51–9. doi:10.1023/B:AJCP.0000014318.16652.30. PMID 15055754. S2CID 21614878.
Bolland, John M.; Lian, Brad E.; Formichella, Cecelia M. (December 2005). "The origins of hopelessness among inner-city African-American adolescents". American Journal of Community Psychology. 36 (3/4): 293–305. doi:10.1007/s10464-005-8627-x. PMID 16389501. S2CID 11564862.

historyextra.com

Wills, Abigail (August 12, 2009). "Youth culture and crime: what can we learn from history?". History Extra. Retrieved March 23, 2022.

"Youth Against Wrongful Convictions". Innocence Project. Retrieved 2022-08-12.

National Gang Center. "Frequently Asked Questions About Gangs". nationalgangcenter.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
"Publications and National Youth Gang Surveys". nationalgangcenter.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.

National Center for Policy Analysis (1997-07-15). "The Long Arm of Federal Juvenile Crime Law Shortened". Archived from the original on 2006-11-30. Retrieved 2022-08-12. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)

Shaw, Terry; Bright, Charlotte; Sharpe, Tanya (2015). "Child welfare outcomes for youth in care as a result of parental death or parental incarceration". Child Abuse and Neglect. 42: 112–120. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.01.002. PMID 25641050.
Farmer, Thomas W.; Price, LaShawndra N.; O'Neal, Keri K.; Leung, Man-Chi; Goforth, Jennifer B.; Cairns, Beverley D.; Reese, Le'Roy E. (2004). "Exploring Risk in Early Adolescent African American Youth". American Journal of Community Psychology. 33 (1/2): 51–9. doi:10.1023/B:AJCP.0000014318.16652.30. PMID 15055754. S2CID 21614878.
Bolland, John M.; Lian, Brad E.; Formichella, Cecelia M. (December 2005). "The origins of hopelessness among inner-city African-American adolescents". American Journal of Community Psychology. 36 (3/4): 293–305. doi:10.1007/s10464-005-8627-x. PMID 16389501. S2CID 11564862.

"Statistical Briefing Book". ojjdp.gov.
National Center for Juvenile Justice. "Poverty status of children by family structure, 2010". ojjdp.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
National Center for Juvenile Justice. "Frequently Asked Questions about Juveniles as Offenders". ojjdp.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2008). "Juveniles as Offenders: Homicide". OJJDP. Archived from the original on 2011-04-21. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. "4. Provide Opportunities for Children and Youth". OJJDP. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2019). "Juvenile violent crime time of day(Offenders per 1,000 juvenile violent crime offenders)". OJJDP. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevenetion. "Overview". ojjdp.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. "About OJJDP". ojjdp.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. "Sexual Exploitation of Children". ojjdp.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-12.

Farmer, Thomas W.; Price, LaShawndra N.; O'Neal, Keri K.; Leung, Man-Chi; Goforth, Jennifer B.; Cairns, Beverley D.; Reese, Le'Roy E. (2004). "Exploring Risk in Early Adolescent African American Youth". American Journal of Community Psychology. 33 (1/2): 51–9. doi:10.1023/B:AJCP.0000014318.16652.30. PMID 15055754. S2CID 21614878.
Bolland, John M.; Lian, Brad E.; Formichella, Cecelia M. (December 2005). "The origins of hopelessness among inner-city African-American adolescents". American Journal of Community Psychology. 36 (3/4): 293–305. doi:10.1007/s10464-005-8627-x. PMID 16389501. S2CID 11564862.

"Facts and Case Summary - In re Gault". United States Courts. Retrieved 2022-08-12.

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2008). "Juveniles as Offenders: Homicide". OJJDP. Archived from the original on 2011-04-21. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
National Center for Policy Analysis (1997-07-15). "The Long Arm of Federal Juvenile Crime Law Shortened". Archived from the original on 2006-11-30. Retrieved 2022-08-12. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)