Kynurenine pathway (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Kynurenine pathway" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

52nih.gov

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36doi.org

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12semanticscholar.org

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8worldcat.org

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3harvard.edu

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2sciencedirect.com

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1nature.com

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1uni-muenchen.de

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1medrxiv.org

low place

1wiley.com

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doi.org

Bartoli, F; Cioni, RM; Cavaleri, D; Callovini, T; Crocamo, C; Misiak, B; Savitz, JB; Carrà, G (11 November 2022). "The association of kynurenine pathway metabolites with symptom severity and clinical features of bipolar disorder: An overview". European Psychiatry. 65 (1): e82. doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2340. PMC 9724221. PMID 36366795.
Bartoli, F; Misiak, B; Callovini, T; Cavaleri, D; Cioni, RM; Crocamo, C; Savitz, JB; Carrà, G (July 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (7): 3419–3429. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00913-1. PMID 33077852. S2CID 224314102.
Savitz, J (25 January 2020). "The kynurenine pathway: a finger in every pie". Molecular Psychiatry. 25 (1): 131–147. doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0414-4. PMC 6790159. PMID 30980044.
Thomas, Sunil; Laury-Kleintop, Lisa; Prendergast, George C. (2019-01-01), "Chapter Twelve - Reliable detection of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 in murine cells and tissues", in Galluzzi, Lorenzo; Rudqvist, Nils-Petter (eds.), Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy – Molecular Methods, Methods in Enzymology, vol. 629, Academic Press, pp. 219–233, doi:10.1016/bs.mie.2019.08.008, PMID 31727242, S2CID 208037565, retrieved 2022-04-12
Marx, Wolfgang; McGuinness, Amelia J.; Rocks, Tetyana; Ruusunen, Anu; Cleminson, Jasmine; Walker, Adam J.; Gomes-da-Costa, Susana; Lane, Melissa; Sanches, Marsal; Diaz, Alexandre P.; Tseng, Ping-Tao (August 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of 101 studies". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (8): 4158–4178. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00951-9. ISSN 1359-4184. PMID 33230205. S2CID 227132820.
Bartoli, F; Cioni, RM; Callovini, T; Cavaleri, D; Crocamo, C; Carrà, G (17 May 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia and other mental disorders: Insight from meta-analyses on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites". Schizophrenia Research. 232: 61–62. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.008. PMID 34015557. S2CID 235074432.
Morrens, Manuel; De Picker, Livia; Kampen, Jarl K.; Coppens, Violette (September 2020). "Blood-based kynurenine pathway alterations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis". Schizophrenia Research. 223: 43–52. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.09.007. ISSN 1573-2509. PMID 32981827. S2CID 221883723.
Arnone, Danilo; Saraykar, Smita; Salem, Haitham; Teixeira, Antonio L.; Dantzer, Robert; Selvaraj, Sudhakar (September 2018). "Role of Kynurenine pathway and its metabolites in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 92: 477–485. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.031. ISSN 1873-7528. PMC 6686193. PMID 29940237.
Davis, Ian; Liu, Aimin (2015). "What is the tryptophan kynurenine pathway and why is it important to neurotherapeutics?". Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. 15 (7): 719–721. doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1049999. ISSN 1744-8360. PMC 4482796. PMID 26004930.
Pedersen, BK (July 2019). "Physical activity and muscle-brain crosstalk". Nature Reviews. Endocrinology. 15 (7): 383–392. doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0174-x. PMID 30837717. S2CID 71143821.
Cervenka, I; Agudelo, LZ; Ruas, JL (28 July 2017). "Kynurenines: Tryptophan's metabolites in exercise, inflammation, and mental health". Science. 357 (6349): eaaf9794. doi:10.1126/science.aaf9794. PMID 28751584.
Cheminal R, Echenne B, Bellet H, Duran M (1996). "Congenital non-progressive encephalopathy and deafness with intermittent episodes of coma and hyperkynureninuria". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 19 (1): 25–30. doi:10.1007/BF01799345. PMID 8830173. S2CID 810814.
Komrower GM, Westall R (January 1967). "Hydroxykynureninuria". American Journal of Diseases of Children. 113 (1): 77–80. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1967.02090160127016. PMID 6015911.
Salih MA, Bender DA, McCreanor GM (November 1985). "Lethal familial pellagra-like skin lesion associated with neurologic and developmental impairment and the development of cataracts". Pediatrics. 76 (5): 787–793. doi:10.1542/peds.76.5.787. PMID 4058988. S2CID 11014655.
Tada K, Yokoyama Y, Nakagawa H, Yoshida T, Arakawa T (October 1967). "Vitamin B₆ dependent xanthurenic aciduria". The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 93 (2): 115–124. doi:10.1620/tjem.93.115. PMID 5586569.
Müller N, Myint AM, Schwarz MJ (February 2011). "Inflammatory biomarkers and depression". Neurotoxicity Research. 19 (2): 308–318. doi:10.1007/s12640-010-9210-2. PMID 20658274. S2CID 3225744.
Wonodi I, Stine OC, Sathyasaikumar KV, Roberts RC, Mitchell BD, Hong LE, Kajii Y, Thaker GK, Schwarcz R (July 2011). "Downregulated kynurenine 3-monooxygenase gene expression and enzyme activity in schizophrenia and genetic association with schizophrenia endophenotypes". Archives of General Psychiatry. 68 (7): 665–674. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.71. PMC 3855543. PMID 21727251.
Holtze M, Saetre P, Engberg G, Schwieler L, Werge T, Andreassen OA, Hall H, Terenius L, Agartz I, Jönsson EG, Schalling M, Erhardt S (January 2012). "Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase polymorphisms: relevance for kynurenic acid synthesis in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls". Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 37 (1): 53–57. doi:10.1503/jpn.100175. PMC 3244499. PMID 21693093.
Campbell BM, Charych E, Lee AW, Möller T (2014). "Kynurenines in CNS disease: regulation by inflammatory cytokines". Frontiers in Neuroscience. 8: 12. doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00012. PMC 3915289. PMID 24567701.
Hoekstra PJ, Anderson GM, Troost PW, Kallenberg CG, Minderaa RB (June 2007). "Plasma kynurenine and related measures in tic disorder patients". European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 16 (Suppl 1): 71–77. doi:10.1007/s00787-007-1009-1. PMID 17665285. S2CID 39150343.
Buness A, Roth A, Herrmann A, Schmitz O, Kamp H, Busch K, Suter L (2014). "Identification of metabolites, clinical chemistry markers and transcripts associated with hepatotoxicity". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): e97249. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...997249B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097249. PMC 4023975. PMID 24836604.
Hirata Y, Kawachi T, Sugimura T (October 1967). "Fatty liver induced by injection of L-tryptophan". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism. 144 (2): 233–241. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(67)90153-1. PMID 4168935.
Maes M, Verkerk R, Bonaccorso S, Ombelet W, Bosmans E, Scharpé S (September 2002). "Depressive and anxiety symptoms in the early puerperium are related to increased degradation of tryptophan into kynurenine, a phenomenon which is related to immune activation". Life Sciences. 71 (16): 1837–1848. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01853-2. PMID 12175700.
Stone TW (June 2001). "Kynurenines in the CNS: from endogenous obscurity to therapeutic importance". Progress in Neurobiology. 64 (2): 185–218. doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00032-0. PMID 11240212. S2CID 6446144.
Cavaleri D, Crocamo C, Morello P, Bartoli F, Carrà G (January 2024). "The Kynurenine Pathway in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Blood Concentrations of Tryptophan and Its Catabolites". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 13 (2): 583. doi:10.3390/jcm13020583. PMC 10815986. PMID 38276089.
Davis HE, McCorkell L, Vogel JM, Topol EJ (2023). "Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 21 (3): 133–146. doi:10.1038/s41579-022-00846-2. PMC 9839201. PMID 36639608.
Dogrul, Bekir Nihat (2022-03-01). "Indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors as a potential treatment for somatic symptoms". Medical Hypotheses. 160: 110777. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110777. ISSN 0306-9877. S2CID 246354945.
Blankfield, Adele (2013-07-21). "Article Commentary: Kynurenine Pathway Pathologies: Do Nicotinamide and Other Pathway Co-Factors have a Therapeutic Role in Reduction of Symptom Severity, Including Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Fibromyalgia (FM)". International Journal of Tryptophan Research. 6s1 (Suppl 1): 39–45. doi:10.4137/IJTR.S11193. PMC 3729338. PMID 23922501.
van der Goot AT, Nollen EA (June 2013). "Tryptophan metabolism: entering the field of aging and age-related pathologies". Trends in Molecular Medicine. 19 (6): 336–344. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.02.007. PMID 23562344.
Schwarcz R, Bruno JP, Muchowski PJ, Wu HQ (July 2012). "Kynurenines in the mammalian brain: when physiology meets pathology". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 13 (7): 465–477. doi:10.1038/nrn3257. PMC 3681811. PMID 22678511.
Huengsberg M, Winer JB, Gompels M, Round R, Ross J, Shahmanesh M (April 1998). "Serum kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio increases with progressive disease in HIV-infected patients". Clinical Chemistry. 44 (4): 858–862. doi:10.1093/clinchem/44.4.858. PMID 9554499.
Suzuki Y, Suda T, Furuhashi K, Suzuki M, Fujie M, Hahimoto D, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Nakamura H, Chida K (March 2010). "Increased serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio correlates with disease progression in lung cancer". Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 67 (3): 361–365. doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.05.001. PMID 19487045.
Millischer, Vincent; Heinzl, Matthias; Faka, Anthi; Resl, Michael; Trepci, Ada; Klammer, Carmen; Egger, Margot; Dieplinger, Benjamin; Clodi, Martin; Schwieler, Lilly (2021-07-17). "Intravenous administration of LPS activates the kynurenine pathway in healthy male human subjects: a prospective placebo-controlled cross-over trial". Journal of Neuroinflammation. 18 (1): 158. doi:10.1186/s12974-021-02196-x. ISSN 1742-2094. PMC 8286561. PMID 34273987.
Widner B, Werner ER, Schennach H, Wachter H, Fuchs D (December 1997). "Simultaneous measurement of serum tryptophan and kynurenine by HPLC". Clinical Chemistry. 43 (12): 2424–2426. doi:10.1093/clinchem/43.12.2424. PMID 9439467.
Midttun, Øivind; Hustad, Steinar; Ueland, Per M. (2009). "Quantitative profiling of biomarkers related to B-vitamin status, tryptophan metabolism and inflammation in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 23 (9): 1371–1379. Bibcode:2009RCMS...23.1371M. doi:10.1002/rcm.4013. ISSN 1097-0231. PMID 19337982.
Park, Hyun Bong; Lam, Yick Chong; Gaffney, Jean P.; Weaver, James C.; Krivoshik, Sara Rose; Hamchand, Randy; Pieribone, Vincent; Gruber, David F.; Crawford, Jason M. (2019). "Bright Green Biofluorescence in Sharks Derives from Bromo-Kynurenine Metabolism". iScience. 19: 1291–1336. Bibcode:2019iSci...19.1291P. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.019. PMC 6831821. PMID 31402257.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Buness A, Roth A, Herrmann A, Schmitz O, Kamp H, Busch K, Suter L (2014). "Identification of metabolites, clinical chemistry markers and transcripts associated with hepatotoxicity". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): e97249. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...997249B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097249. PMC 4023975. PMID 24836604.
Midttun, Øivind; Hustad, Steinar; Ueland, Per M. (2009). "Quantitative profiling of biomarkers related to B-vitamin status, tryptophan metabolism and inflammation in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 23 (9): 1371–1379. Bibcode:2009RCMS...23.1371M. doi:10.1002/rcm.4013. ISSN 1097-0231. PMID 19337982.
Park, Hyun Bong; Lam, Yick Chong; Gaffney, Jean P.; Weaver, James C.; Krivoshik, Sara Rose; Hamchand, Randy; Pieribone, Vincent; Gruber, David F.; Crawford, Jason M. (2019). "Bright Green Biofluorescence in Sharks Derives from Bromo-Kynurenine Metabolism". iScience. 19: 1291–1336. Bibcode:2019iSci...19.1291P. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.019. PMC 6831821. PMID 31402257.

medrxiv.org

Lucette, A. Cysiq (2022). "Post-acute COVID-19 cognitive impairment and decline uniquely associate with kynurenine pathway activation: a longitudinal observational study". medRxiv 10.1101/2022.06.07.22276020v1.

nature.com

Marx, Wolfgang; McGuinness, Amelia J.; Rocks, Tetyana; Ruusunen, Anu; Cleminson, Jasmine; Walker, Adam J.; Gomes-da-Costa, Susana; Lane, Melissa; Sanches, Marsal; Diaz, Alexandre P.; Tseng, Ping-Tao (August 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of 101 studies". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (8): 4158–4178. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00951-9. ISSN 1359-4184. PMID 33230205. S2CID 227132820.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bartoli, F; Cioni, RM; Cavaleri, D; Callovini, T; Crocamo, C; Misiak, B; Savitz, JB; Carrà, G (11 November 2022). "The association of kynurenine pathway metabolites with symptom severity and clinical features of bipolar disorder: An overview". European Psychiatry. 65 (1): e82. doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2340. PMC 9724221. PMID 36366795.
Bartoli, F; Misiak, B; Callovini, T; Cavaleri, D; Cioni, RM; Crocamo, C; Savitz, JB; Carrà, G (July 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (7): 3419–3429. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00913-1. PMID 33077852. S2CID 224314102.
Savitz, J (25 January 2020). "The kynurenine pathway: a finger in every pie". Molecular Psychiatry. 25 (1): 131–147. doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0414-4. PMC 6790159. PMID 30980044.
Thomas, Sunil; Laury-Kleintop, Lisa; Prendergast, George C. (2019-01-01), "Chapter Twelve - Reliable detection of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 in murine cells and tissues", in Galluzzi, Lorenzo; Rudqvist, Nils-Petter (eds.), Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy – Molecular Methods, Methods in Enzymology, vol. 629, Academic Press, pp. 219–233, doi:10.1016/bs.mie.2019.08.008, PMID 31727242, S2CID 208037565, retrieved 2022-04-12
Marx, Wolfgang; McGuinness, Amelia J.; Rocks, Tetyana; Ruusunen, Anu; Cleminson, Jasmine; Walker, Adam J.; Gomes-da-Costa, Susana; Lane, Melissa; Sanches, Marsal; Diaz, Alexandre P.; Tseng, Ping-Tao (August 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of 101 studies". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (8): 4158–4178. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00951-9. ISSN 1359-4184. PMID 33230205. S2CID 227132820.
Bartoli, F; Cioni, RM; Callovini, T; Cavaleri, D; Crocamo, C; Carrà, G (17 May 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia and other mental disorders: Insight from meta-analyses on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites". Schizophrenia Research. 232: 61–62. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.008. PMID 34015557. S2CID 235074432.
Morrens, Manuel; De Picker, Livia; Kampen, Jarl K.; Coppens, Violette (September 2020). "Blood-based kynurenine pathway alterations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis". Schizophrenia Research. 223: 43–52. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.09.007. ISSN 1573-2509. PMID 32981827. S2CID 221883723.
Arnone, Danilo; Saraykar, Smita; Salem, Haitham; Teixeira, Antonio L.; Dantzer, Robert; Selvaraj, Sudhakar (September 2018). "Role of Kynurenine pathway and its metabolites in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 92: 477–485. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.031. ISSN 1873-7528. PMC 6686193. PMID 29940237.
Davis, Ian; Liu, Aimin (2015). "What is the tryptophan kynurenine pathway and why is it important to neurotherapeutics?". Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. 15 (7): 719–721. doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1049999. ISSN 1744-8360. PMC 4482796. PMID 26004930.
Zoga, Margarita; Oulis, Panagiotis; Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos; Masdrakis, Vasilios G.; Pliatsika, Paraskevi; Boufidou, Fotini; Foteli, Stefania; Soldatos, Constantin R.; Nikolaou, Chryssoula; Papageorgiou, Charalampos (July 2014). "Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and immune changes under antidepressive treatment in major depression in females". In Vivo (Athens, Greece). 28 (4): 633–638. ISSN 1791-7549. PMID 24982234.
Pedersen, BK (July 2019). "Physical activity and muscle-brain crosstalk". Nature Reviews. Endocrinology. 15 (7): 383–392. doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0174-x. PMID 30837717. S2CID 71143821.
Cervenka, I; Agudelo, LZ; Ruas, JL (28 July 2017). "Kynurenines: Tryptophan's metabolites in exercise, inflammation, and mental health". Science. 357 (6349): eaaf9794. doi:10.1126/science.aaf9794. PMID 28751584.
Cheminal R, Echenne B, Bellet H, Duran M (1996). "Congenital non-progressive encephalopathy and deafness with intermittent episodes of coma and hyperkynureninuria". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 19 (1): 25–30. doi:10.1007/BF01799345. PMID 8830173. S2CID 810814.
Komrower GM, Westall R (January 1967). "Hydroxykynureninuria". American Journal of Diseases of Children. 113 (1): 77–80. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1967.02090160127016. PMID 6015911.
Salih MA, Bender DA, McCreanor GM (November 1985). "Lethal familial pellagra-like skin lesion associated with neurologic and developmental impairment and the development of cataracts". Pediatrics. 76 (5): 787–793. doi:10.1542/peds.76.5.787. PMID 4058988. S2CID 11014655.
Tada K, Yokoyama Y, Nakagawa H, Yoshida T, Arakawa T (October 1967). "Vitamin B₆ dependent xanthurenic aciduria". The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 93 (2): 115–124. doi:10.1620/tjem.93.115. PMID 5586569.
Müller N, Myint AM, Schwarz MJ (February 2011). "Inflammatory biomarkers and depression". Neurotoxicity Research. 19 (2): 308–318. doi:10.1007/s12640-010-9210-2. PMID 20658274. S2CID 3225744.
Wonodi I, Stine OC, Sathyasaikumar KV, Roberts RC, Mitchell BD, Hong LE, Kajii Y, Thaker GK, Schwarcz R (July 2011). "Downregulated kynurenine 3-monooxygenase gene expression and enzyme activity in schizophrenia and genetic association with schizophrenia endophenotypes". Archives of General Psychiatry. 68 (7): 665–674. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.71. PMC 3855543. PMID 21727251.
Holtze M, Saetre P, Engberg G, Schwieler L, Werge T, Andreassen OA, Hall H, Terenius L, Agartz I, Jönsson EG, Schalling M, Erhardt S (January 2012). "Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase polymorphisms: relevance for kynurenic acid synthesis in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls". Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 37 (1): 53–57. doi:10.1503/jpn.100175. PMC 3244499. PMID 21693093.
Campbell BM, Charych E, Lee AW, Möller T (2014). "Kynurenines in CNS disease: regulation by inflammatory cytokines". Frontiers in Neuroscience. 8: 12. doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00012. PMC 3915289. PMID 24567701.
Hoekstra PJ, Anderson GM, Troost PW, Kallenberg CG, Minderaa RB (June 2007). "Plasma kynurenine and related measures in tic disorder patients". European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 16 (Suppl 1): 71–77. doi:10.1007/s00787-007-1009-1. PMID 17665285. S2CID 39150343.
Buness A, Roth A, Herrmann A, Schmitz O, Kamp H, Busch K, Suter L (2014). "Identification of metabolites, clinical chemistry markers and transcripts associated with hepatotoxicity". PLOS ONE. 9 (5): e97249. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...997249B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097249. PMC 4023975. PMID 24836604.
Hirata Y, Kawachi T, Sugimura T (October 1967). "Fatty liver induced by injection of L-tryptophan". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism. 144 (2): 233–241. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(67)90153-1. PMID 4168935.
Maes M, Verkerk R, Bonaccorso S, Ombelet W, Bosmans E, Scharpé S (September 2002). "Depressive and anxiety symptoms in the early puerperium are related to increased degradation of tryptophan into kynurenine, a phenomenon which is related to immune activation". Life Sciences. 71 (16): 1837–1848. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01853-2. PMID 12175700.
Stone TW (June 2001). "Kynurenines in the CNS: from endogenous obscurity to therapeutic importance". Progress in Neurobiology. 64 (2): 185–218. doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00032-0. PMID 11240212. S2CID 6446144.
Cavaleri D, Crocamo C, Morello P, Bartoli F, Carrà G (January 2024). "The Kynurenine Pathway in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Blood Concentrations of Tryptophan and Its Catabolites". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 13 (2): 583. doi:10.3390/jcm13020583. PMC 10815986. PMID 38276089.
Davis HE, McCorkell L, Vogel JM, Topol EJ (2023). "Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 21 (3): 133–146. doi:10.1038/s41579-022-00846-2. PMC 9839201. PMID 36639608.
Blankfield, Adele (2013-07-21). "Article Commentary: Kynurenine Pathway Pathologies: Do Nicotinamide and Other Pathway Co-Factors have a Therapeutic Role in Reduction of Symptom Severity, Including Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Fibromyalgia (FM)". International Journal of Tryptophan Research. 6s1 (Suppl 1): 39–45. doi:10.4137/IJTR.S11193. PMC 3729338. PMID 23922501.
van der Goot AT, Nollen EA (June 2013). "Tryptophan metabolism: entering the field of aging and age-related pathologies". Trends in Molecular Medicine. 19 (6): 336–344. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.02.007. PMID 23562344.
Schwarcz R, Bruno JP, Muchowski PJ, Wu HQ (July 2012). "Kynurenines in the mammalian brain: when physiology meets pathology". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 13 (7): 465–477. doi:10.1038/nrn3257. PMC 3681811. PMID 22678511.
Huengsberg M, Winer JB, Gompels M, Round R, Ross J, Shahmanesh M (April 1998). "Serum kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio increases with progressive disease in HIV-infected patients". Clinical Chemistry. 44 (4): 858–862. doi:10.1093/clinchem/44.4.858. PMID 9554499.
Schroecksnadel K, Kaser S, Ledochowski M, Neurauter G, Mur E, Herold M, Fuchs D (September 2003). "Increased degradation of tryptophan in blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis". The Journal of Rheumatology. 30 (9): 1935–1939. PMID 12966593.
Suzuki Y, Suda T, Furuhashi K, Suzuki M, Fujie M, Hahimoto D, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Nakamura H, Chida K (March 2010). "Increased serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio correlates with disease progression in lung cancer". Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 67 (3): 361–365. doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.05.001. PMID 19487045.
Millischer, Vincent; Heinzl, Matthias; Faka, Anthi; Resl, Michael; Trepci, Ada; Klammer, Carmen; Egger, Margot; Dieplinger, Benjamin; Clodi, Martin; Schwieler, Lilly (2021-07-17). "Intravenous administration of LPS activates the kynurenine pathway in healthy male human subjects: a prospective placebo-controlled cross-over trial". Journal of Neuroinflammation. 18 (1): 158. doi:10.1186/s12974-021-02196-x. ISSN 1742-2094. PMC 8286561. PMID 34273987.
Widner B, Werner ER, Schennach H, Wachter H, Fuchs D (December 1997). "Simultaneous measurement of serum tryptophan and kynurenine by HPLC". Clinical Chemistry. 43 (12): 2424–2426. doi:10.1093/clinchem/43.12.2424. PMID 9439467.
Fuchs D, Möller AA, Reibnegger G, Stöckle E, Werner ER, Wachter H (1990). "Decreased serum tryptophan in patients with HIV-1 infection correlates with increased serum neopterin and with neurologic/psychiatric symptoms". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 3 (9): 873–876. PMID 2166783.
Midttun, Øivind; Hustad, Steinar; Ueland, Per M. (2009). "Quantitative profiling of biomarkers related to B-vitamin status, tryptophan metabolism and inflammation in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 23 (9): 1371–1379. Bibcode:2009RCMS...23.1371M. doi:10.1002/rcm.4013. ISSN 1097-0231. PMID 19337982.
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Marx, Wolfgang; McGuinness, Amelia J.; Rocks, Tetyana; Ruusunen, Anu; Cleminson, Jasmine; Walker, Adam J.; Gomes-da-Costa, Susana; Lane, Melissa; Sanches, Marsal; Diaz, Alexandre P.; Tseng, Ping-Tao (August 2021). "The kynurenine pathway in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of 101 studies". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (8): 4158–4178. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00951-9. ISSN 1359-4184. PMID 33230205. S2CID 227132820.
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Dogrul, Bekir Nihat (2022-03-01). "Indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors as a potential treatment for somatic symptoms". Medical Hypotheses. 160: 110777. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110777. ISSN 0306-9877. S2CID 246354945.
Millischer, Vincent; Heinzl, Matthias; Faka, Anthi; Resl, Michael; Trepci, Ada; Klammer, Carmen; Egger, Margot; Dieplinger, Benjamin; Clodi, Martin; Schwieler, Lilly (2021-07-17). "Intravenous administration of LPS activates the kynurenine pathway in healthy male human subjects: a prospective placebo-controlled cross-over trial". Journal of Neuroinflammation. 18 (1): 158. doi:10.1186/s12974-021-02196-x. ISSN 1742-2094. PMC 8286561. PMID 34273987.
Midttun, Øivind; Hustad, Steinar; Ueland, Per M. (2009). "Quantitative profiling of biomarkers related to B-vitamin status, tryptophan metabolism and inflammation in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 23 (9): 1371–1379. Bibcode:2009RCMS...23.1371M. doi:10.1002/rcm.4013. ISSN 1097-0231. PMID 19337982.