Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien (English Wikipedia)

Tikka, Petri (2007). "The Finnicization of Quenya". Arda Philology: Proceedings of the First International Conference on J. R. R. Tolkien's Invented Languages, Omientielva Minya, Stockholm 2005. Arda Philology. Vol. 1. Arda Society. pp. 1–20. ISBN 978-9197350013.
Wynne, H. (2013) [2007]. "Theoden". In Drout, M. D. C. (ed.). The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 643. ISBN 978-0-415-96942-0. 'the chief of a :þeod (a nation, people)'.
Fisher, Jason (2006). "Manuscripts by Tolkien". In Drout, Michael D. C. (ed.). J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 403. ISBN 978-1-13588-034-7.

cuni.cz

bosworth.ff.cuni.cz

Bosworth, þeóden; (also spelt ðeoden), cognate to the Old Norse word þjóðann.

doi.org

Meile, M. G. (2020) [1996]. "Sauron's Newspeak: Black Speech, Quenya, and the nature of mind". Semiotics around the World: Synthesis in Diversity. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 219–222. doi:10.1515/9783110820065-030. ISBN 978-3-11-082006-5.
Hemmi, Yoko (2010). "Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings and His Concept of Native Language: Sindarin and British-Welsh". Tolkien Studies. 7: 147–174. doi:10.1353/tks.0.0063. S2CID 170366632 – via Project MUSE.
Hostetter 2007, pp. 1–46. Hostetter, Carl F. (2007). "Tolkienian Linguistics: The First Fifty Years". Tolkien Studies. 4: 1–46. doi:10.1353/tks.2007.0022. S2CID 170601512.

elvish.org

"Tengwestie". Elvish Linguistic Fellowship. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
"The Lambengolmor List". Elvish Linguistic Fellowship. Retrieved 8 April 2015.

midgardsmal.com

elfling.midgardsmal.com

"Elfling". Retrieved 8 April 2015.

omentielva.com

"Omentielva". omentielva.com. Retrieved 9 May 2017.

oocities.org

"Tyalië Tyelelliéva". Lisa Star. Retrieved 28 October 2023.

quettar.org

"Quettar". Quettar. Retrieved 28 October 2023.

tolklang.quettar.org

"The Tolkien Language List". Retrieved 8 April 2015.

reocities.com

Tolkien commented of the Dwarves that "their words are Semitic obviously, constructed to be Semitic.""An Interview with J.R.R. Tolkien". BBC Four. January 1971. Archived from the original on 14 November 2021.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hemmi, Yoko (2010). "Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings and His Concept of Native Language: Sindarin and British-Welsh". Tolkien Studies. 7: 147–174. doi:10.1353/tks.0.0063. S2CID 170366632 – via Project MUSE.
Hostetter 2007, pp. 1–46. Hostetter, Carl F. (2007). "Tolkienian Linguistics: The First Fifty Years". Tolkien Studies. 4: 1–46. doi:10.1353/tks.2007.0022. S2CID 170601512.

signumuniversity.org

Tolkien's name for himself in Gautistk was Undarhruiménitupp. John Garth, Tolkien and the Great War. p. 17. Andrew Higgins, In Dembith Pengoldh A column on Tolkien's invented languages Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine

tolkienestate.com

Smith, Arden R. (2015). "Writing Systems". The Tolkien Estate. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.

uib.no

folk.uib.no

Fauskanger, Helge Kåre. "Tolkien's Not-So-Secret Vice". Retrieved 28 October 2023.
Fauskanger, Helge K. "Various Mannish Tongues - the sadness of Mortal Men?". Ardalambion. University of Bergen. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
Fauskanger, Helge K. "Orkish and the Black Speech". Ardalambion. University of Bergen. Retrieved 2 September 2013.

valpo.edu

scholar.valpo.edu

Higgins, Andrew (15 May 2016). "Tolkien's A Secret Vice and 'the language that is spoken in the Island of Fonway'". Journal of Tolkien Research. 3 (1): Article 3.

web.archive.org

"Tolkien's Languages: The Tongues of Middle-Earth". 2013. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013.
Tolkien's name for himself in Gautistk was Undarhruiménitupp. John Garth, Tolkien and the Great War. p. 17. Andrew Higgins, In Dembith Pengoldh A column on Tolkien's invented languages Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
Smith, Arden R. (2015). "Writing Systems". The Tolkien Estate. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
Tolkien commented of the Dwarves that "their words are Semitic obviously, constructed to be Semitic.""An Interview with J.R.R. Tolkien". BBC Four. January 1971. Archived from the original on 14 November 2021.

webs.com

lordfingulfin.webs.com

"Tolkien's Languages: The Tongues of Middle-Earth". 2013. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013.

worldcat.org

Tolkien 1983, p. 200 Tolkien, J. R. R. (1983). The Monsters and the Critics, and Other Essays. London: Allen & Unwin. OCLC 417591085.
Tolkien 1983, p. 203 Tolkien, J. R. R. (1983). The Monsters and the Critics, and Other Essays. London: Allen & Unwin. OCLC 417591085.
Tolkien 1983, p. 209 Tolkien, J. R. R. (1983). The Monsters and the Critics, and Other Essays. London: Allen & Unwin. OCLC 417591085.
Tolkien 1983, "A Secret Vice" Tolkien, J. R. R. (1983). The Monsters and the Critics, and Other Essays. London: Allen & Unwin. OCLC 417591085.
Tolkien 1955, Appendix F Tolkien, J. R. R. (1955). The Return of the King. The Lord of the Rings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. OCLC 519647821.
Fimi 2010, pp. 63–67 "Ideal Beings, Ideal Languages". Fimi, Dimitra (2010) [2008]. Tolkien, Race, and Cultural History: From Fairies to Hobbits. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-21951-9. OCLC 222251097.
Both are published, as edited by Christopher Tolkien, in The Lost Road.Fimi 2010, pp. 73, 102 Fimi, Dimitra (2010) [2008]. Tolkien, Race, and Cultural History: From Fairies to Hobbits. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-21951-9. OCLC 222251097.
Fimi 2010, pp. 189–191. Fimi, Dimitra (2010) [2008]. Tolkien, Race, and Cultural History: From Fairies to Hobbits. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-21951-9. OCLC 222251097.
Fimi 2010, pp. 191–192. Fimi, Dimitra (2010) [2008]. Tolkien, Race, and Cultural History: From Fairies to Hobbits. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-21951-9. OCLC 222251097.
Noel 1980. Noel, Ruth (1980). The languages of Tolkien's Middle-earth. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-395-29130-6. OCLC 6043062.