Languages of Singapore (English Wikipedia)

Schiffman, Harold (2007). "Tamil Language Policy in Singapore". In Vaish, Viniti; Gopinathan, Saravanan; Liu, Yongbing (eds.). Language, capital, culture : critical studies of language and education in Singapore. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers. pp. 226–228. ISBN 978-9087901233. Retrieved 15 August 2020.

agc.gov.sg (Global: 6,849^th place; English: 4,673^rd place)

sso.agc.gov.sg

Singapore Arms and Flag and National Anthem Act (Cap. 296, 1985 Rev. Ed.)

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

"Hospital Signages | Ministry of Health". www.moh.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2022.

asiaone.com (Global: 2,155^th place; English: 1,292^nd place)

Abu Baker, Jalelah (8 March 2009). "One generation – that's all it takes 'for a language to die'". The Straits Times. Singapore. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
Tan, Amelia (22 July 2008). "Conversational Chinese and Malay at more schools". Asiaone. Singapore. Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
Oon, Clarissa (8 September 2008). "PM: Don't lose bilingual edge". Asiaone. Singapore. Archived from the original on 28 January 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
Jamie Ee, Wen Wei, "Sorry, no English Archived 5 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine", AsiaOne, 1 September 2009.
"English test for foreign service staff from July". 26 January 2010. Archived from the original on 31 January 2010. Retrieved 17 November 2010.
Phua, A. (9 February 2012). "Teochew candidate key to their votes". The New Paper. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
Tan, L (11 May 2012). "Life after GE – Chan Chun Sing". The New Paper. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
"Dialects draw more new learners". The Straits Times. 9 April 2009. Archived from the original on 4 September 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2010.
"All things Hokkien in Fest". The Straits Times. Singapore. 15 October 2008. Archived from the original on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2010.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

Oi, Mariko (5 October 2010). "BBC News – Singapore's booming appetite to study Mandarin". BBC. Archived from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2011.

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

"The language the government tried to suppress". BBC Culture. 19 September 2016. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2019.

bilingualism.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"About the Fund". Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Fagao Zhou (1986). Papers in Chinese Linguistics and Epigraphy. Chinese University Press. p. 56. ISBN 9789622013179. Archived from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2017.
Phyllis Ghim-Lian Chew (2012). A Sociolinguistic History of Early Identities in Singapore: From Colonialism to Nationalism (illustrated ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 78–84. ISBN 9781137012333. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
Fishman, Joshua A (1993). The Earliest Stage of Language Planning: "The First Congress" Phenomeno (illustrated ed.). Walter de Gruyter. pp. 184–185. ISBN 9783110848984. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
Cook, Vivian; Bassetti, Benedetta (2005). Second Language Writing Systems. Multilingual Matters. p. 359. ISBN 9781853597930. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Clyne, Michael G (1992). Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 410–411. ISBN 9783110128550. Archived from the original on 22 November 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
Mikhlis Abu Bakar; Lionel Wee (2021). "Pronouncing the Malay identity". In Jain, Ritu (ed.). Multilingual Singapore: Language Policies and Linguistic Realities. Routledge. ISBN 9781000386929.
Gloria R. Poedjosoedarmo (1997). "What is Happening to Malay in Singapore?". In Odé, Cecilia (ed.). Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Leiden 22–27 August 1994. Rodopi. ISBN 9789042002531.

bttsal.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

The Board (2014). Board for the Teaching & Testing of South Asian Languages(BTTSAL). Retrieved 18 October 2014, from "Bttsal – Bttsal". Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2014.

bunkyo.ac.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Roles of Singapore Standard English and Singlish" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2013.

centralsingapore.org.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

de Rozario, Charlotte (2006). "Kristang: a language, a people" (PDF). Community Development Council. Singapore. Retrieved 18 November 2010.^{[permanent dead link]}

channelnewsasia.com (Global: 1,127^th place; English: 691^st place)

"Commentary: How to speak to Grandma before her language dies". CNA. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"IN FOCUS: Are Chinese dialects at risk of dying out in Singapore?". CNA. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"The Big Read: Is Singapore becoming a monolingual nation and is that a boon or bane for national identity?". CNA. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"Manpower shortages, lack of use: Mother Tongue educators face challenges amid declining proficiency". CNA. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"Use of dialects interfere with learning of Mandarin & English". Singapore: Channel NewsAsia. 6 March 2009. Archived from the original on 7 March 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
Yeo, Jessica (6 May 2007). "Students learn dialect to communicate with elderly". ChannelNewAsia. Singapore. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
"Gan Siow Huang on Chinese dialects as an elective in schools". CNA. Singapore. 13 November 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2025.

chineseoperainstitute.com.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chua, Soon Pong (2007). "Translation and Chinese Opera: The Singapore Experience". Singapore: Chinese Opera Institute. Archived from the original (doc) on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2010.

countrystudies.us (Global: 1,194^th place; English: 1,001^st place)

"Singapore – Language". Countrystudies.us. Archived from the original on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 27 January 2011.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Dixon, L.Q. (2009). "Assumptions behind Singapore's language-in-education policy: Implications for language planning and second language acquisition". Language Policy. 8 (2): 117–137. doi:10.1007/s10993-009-9124-0. S2CID 143659314.
Lee, C.L. (2013). "Saving Chinese-language education in Singapore". Current Issues in Language Planning. 13 (4): 285–304. doi:10.1080/14664208.2012.754327. S2CID 143543454.
Bao, Z.; Aye, K. K. (2010). "Bazaar Malay topics". Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages. 25 (1): 155–171. doi:10.1075/jpcl.25.1.06bao.
Chan, Ying-Kit (2014). "Disciplining Preferences: the Cantonese Question" in Singapore's Mass Media" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies. 16: 109–125. doi:10.1177/17454999 (inactive 1 July 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Tan, P.K.W. (2014). "Singapore's balancing act, from the perspective of the linguistic landscape". Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia. 29 (2): 438–466. doi:10.1355/sj29-2g. S2CID 143547411. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
Hamilton, A. W. (1922). "Penang Malay". Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 85 (1–2): 67–96. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00105970. JSTOR 41561397.
Euvin Loong Jin Chong; Mark F. Seilhamer (18 August 2014). "Young people, Malay and English in multilingual Singapore". World Englishes. 33 (3): 363–365. doi:10.1111/weng.12095.
Vaish, V (2008). "Mother tongues, English, and religion in Singapore". World Englishes. 27 (3/4): 450–464. doi:10.1111/j.1467-971x.2008.00579.x.
Ng, Bee Chin; Cavallaro, Francesco (2021). "The curious case of Mandarin Chinese in Singapore". In Jain, Ritu (ed.). Multilingual Singapore (1st ed.). Routledge. pp. 159–178. doi:10.4324/9780429280146-10. ISBN 9780429280146.
Tufi, Stefania; Blackwood, Robert (2010). "Trademarks in the linguistic landscape: methodological and theoretical challenges in qualifying brand names in the public space". International Journal of Multilingualism. 7 (3): 197–210. doi:10.1080/14790710903568417. S2CID 145448875.
Ng, C.L.P. (2014). "Mother tongue education in Singapore: Concerns, issues and controversies". Current Issues in Language Planning. 15 (4): 361–375. doi:10.1080/14664208.2014.927093. S2CID 143265937.

economist.com (Global: 254^th place; English: 236^th place)

"Singapore has almost wiped out its mother tongues". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 28 April 2025.

ethnologue.com (Global: 339^th place; English: 388^th place)

Lewis, M. Paul (2009). "Languages of Singapore". Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 13 November 2010.

georgetown.edu (Global: 2,318^th place; English: 1,652^nd place)

repository.library.georgetown.edu

Pakir, Anne (1999). "Bilingual education with English as an official language: Sociocultural implications" (PDF). Georgetown University Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2013. ()

hawaii.edu (Global: 1,308^th place; English: 924^th place)

Gupta, Anthea Fraser, Singapore Colloquial English (Singlish) Archived 18 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Language Varieties. Retrieved 2013-11-11.

healyconsultants.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Singapore Company Registration and Formation". Healy Consultants. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.

howardscott.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lee, Edmund E. F. "Profile of the Singapore Chinese Dialects" (PDF). Singapore Department of Statistics, Social Statistics Section. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2010.

hsktests.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Goh, Chok Tong (11 October 2014). "English version of Speech in Mandarin by the Prime Minister, Mr Goh Chok Tong". Speak Mandarin Campaign. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.

iasdr2009.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chan, Leong Koon (2009). "Envisioning Chinese Identity and Managing Multiracialism in Singapore" (PDF). University of New South Wales, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2010.

ica.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Greater Flexibility with Implementation of Double-Barrelled Race Option from 1 January 2011". Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
"Update Change of Name in IC". Immigration and Checkpoints Authority. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2017.

ifla.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.ifla.org

Liang, Chong Ching (1999). "Inter-generational cultural transmission in Singapore: A brief discussion". Oral History Centre, National Archives of Singapore. Archived from the original on 24 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2010.

illinois.edu (Global: 1,349^th place; English: 866^th place)

cgs.illinois.edu

"Language and Globalization: Center for Global Studies at the University of Illinois". Archived from the original on 10 May 2013.

insing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

features.insing.com

"Guide to Singapore: Movies, Events and Restaurant Deals". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.

istana.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Address By President Halimah Yacob For Second Session Of The Thirteenth Parliament". 2018.

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

muse.jhu.edu

Tan, P.K.W. (2014). "Singapore's balancing act, from the perspective of the linguistic landscape". Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia. 29 (2): 438–466. doi:10.1355/sj29-2g. S2CID 143547411. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Hamilton, A. W. (1922). "Penang Malay". Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 85 (1–2): 67–96. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00105970. JSTOR 41561397.

leeds.ac.uk (Global: 5,235^th place; English: 3,879^th place)

Gupta, A.F. Fischer, K. (ed.). "Epistemic modalities and the discourse particles of Singapore". Approaches to Discourse Particles. Amsterdam: Elsevier: 244–263. Archived from the original (DOC) on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2011.

lowlands-l.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Reinhard F Hahn, "Bahasa Baba Archived 2 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine". Retrieved 2010-11-18.

mda.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Use of Language Article 21. a." (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2016. Retrieved 21 April 2015.

mddi.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"New dialect drama I Want To Be A Towkay to debut in February 2022". Ministry of Digital Development and Information. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
"MCI's response to PQ on Dialect Usage on Free to air Radio and Television Services". Ministry of Digital Development and Information. Retrieved 18 June 2025.

moe.edu.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

moelc.moe.edu.sg

"Courses – MOELC". www.moelc.moe.edu.sg. Retrieved 28 April 2025.

uptlc.moe.edu.sg

"Our function as UPTLC". Umar Pulavar Tamil Language Centre, Ministry of Education, Singapore. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2010.

moe.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: 7,415^th place)

"31 March 2000". Moe.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
Ministry of Education Media Centre (2007). "Nurturing language proficiency amongst singaporeans". Archived from the original on 28 October 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2010.

mof.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

app.mof.gov.sg

"Raising Awareness of the Pioneer Generation Package". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.

moh.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Hospital Signages | Ministry of Health". www.moh.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2022.

msn.com (Global: 117^th place; English: 145^th place)

encarta.msn.com

Singapore English definition – Dictionary – MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 30 July 2003.

nas.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: 8,041^st place)

"SPEECH BY MR LEE KUAN YEW, MINISTER MENTOR, AT SPEAK MANDARIN CAMPAIGN'S 30TH ANNIVERSARY LAUNCH, 17 MARCH 2009, 5:00 PM AT THE NTUC AUDITORIUM". National Archives of Singapore.

nbu.bg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Chinese-based lexicon in Singapore English, and Singapore-Chinese culture" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 November 2010. Retrieved 18 April 2010.

news.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Dominant Home Language of Chinese Primary One Students". Ministry of Education, Singapore. Archived from the original on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 13 February 2011.

nie.edu.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

mlc.alc.nie.edu.sg

Mohd Aidil Subhan bin Mohd Sulor (2013). "Standardization or Uniformity: in Pursuit of a Guide for Spoken Singapore Malay" (PDF). E-Utama. 4.

nl.sg (Global: 9,670^th place; English: 6,688^th place)

libguides.nl.sg

"Bilingual Education". National Library Board, Singapore. 12 November 2009. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2010.

newspapers.nl.sg

Yanqin, Lin (21 April 2008). "Dialects spark new bonding". Singapore: Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2014.

nlb.gov.sg (Global: 1,268^th place; English: 772^nd place)

eresources.nlb.gov.sg

"Singapore Infopedia".

blogs.nlb.gov.sg

What are some commonly misspelled English words?|ASK!ASK! Archived 3 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine

nus.edu.sg (Global: 2,776^th place; English: 2,052^nd place)

lkyspp.nus.edu.sg

Mathews, Mathews; Tay, Melvin; Selvarajan, Shanthini; Tan, Zhi Han. "Language Proficiency, Identity & Management: Results From the IPS Survey on Race, Religion, & Language" (PDF). lkyspp.nus.edu.sg. Retrieved 13 May 2023.

newshub.nus.edu.sg

Ng, J.Y.; Woo, S.B. (22 April 2012). "Dialects find a voice" (PDF). The Straits Times. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2014.

ari.nus.edu.sg

Phyllis Ghim-Lian Chew (2009). "An Ethnographic Survey of Language Use, Attitudes and Beliefs of Singaporean Daoist Youths" (PDF). Asian Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2010. ()

nzasia.org.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chan, Ying-Kit (2014). "Disciplining Preferences: the Cantonese Question" in Singapore's Mass Media" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies. 16: 109–125. doi:10.1177/17454999 (inactive 1 July 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)

peopledaily.com.cn (Global: 3,822^nd place; English: 3,601^st place)

english.peopledaily.com.cn

"Mandarin will become Singaporean mother tongue – People's Daily Online". People's Daily. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2011.

pioneers.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)". www.pioneers.gov.sg. Retrieved 11 November 2020.

pmo.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: 8,769^th place)

"Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong's National Day Rally 2014(Speech in Malay)". Government of Singapore. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.

punggol.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

Foo, Lynlee (6 July 2008). "Local filmmakers include more Chinese dialects in recent works" (reprint). Singapore: Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2010.

reach.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Provision of More Dialect Programmes". REACH Singapore. Singapore. 26 March 2009. Archived from the original on 5 January 2011. Retrieved 1 February 2014.

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)

"Singapore film on music for dead brings Hokkien to life". Reuters. 1 September 2007. Retrieved 28 February 2023.

sccl.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

en.sccl.sg

"SCCL". Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2010.

scribd.com (Global: 482^nd place; English: 552^nd place)

David, Maya Esther (2008). "Language Policies Impact on Language Maintenance and Teaching Focus on Malaysia Singapore and The Philippines" (PDF). University of Malaya Angel David Malaysia. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2017.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Dixon, L.Q. (2009). "Assumptions behind Singapore's language-in-education policy: Implications for language planning and second language acquisition". Language Policy. 8 (2): 117–137. doi:10.1007/s10993-009-9124-0. S2CID 143659314.
Lee, C.L. (2013). "Saving Chinese-language education in Singapore". Current Issues in Language Planning. 13 (4): 285–304. doi:10.1080/14664208.2012.754327. S2CID 143543454.
Tan, P.K.W. (2014). "Singapore's balancing act, from the perspective of the linguistic landscape". Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia. 29 (2): 438–466. doi:10.1355/sj29-2g. S2CID 143547411. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
Tufi, Stefania; Blackwood, Robert (2010). "Trademarks in the linguistic landscape: methodological and theoretical challenges in qualifying brand names in the public space". International Journal of Multilingualism. 7 (3): 197–210. doi:10.1080/14790710903568417. S2CID 145448875.
Ng, C.L.P. (2014). "Mother tongue education in Singapore: Concerns, issues and controversies". Current Issues in Language Planning. 15 (4): 361–375. doi:10.1080/14664208.2014.927093. S2CID 143265937.

sg101.gov.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Singlish and our National Identity". www.sg101.gov.sg. Retrieved 13 May 2023.

sinema.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Eric Ng on 881 Soundtrack 2". Sinema.Sg. 20 October 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2011. Retrieved 18 November 2010.

singapore-window.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Tan, Hwee Hwee (29 July 2002). "A war of words over 'Singlish'". Time Magazine. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2014.

singstat.gov.sg (Global: 5,963^rd place; English: 6,233^rd place)

"Census of Population 2010 Archived 13 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine" (table 4), Singapore Department of Statistics. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
Census of Population 2010 Statistical Release 1: Demographic Characteristics, Education, Language and Religion (PDF). Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade & Industry, Republic of Singapore. January 2011. ISBN 978-981-08-7808-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
General Household Survey 2015 Archived 20 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine p. 18
"Demographics, Characteristics, Education, Language and Religion" (PDF). Statistics Singapore. 2020.
"Census 2020" (PDF). Singapore Department of Statistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
"Chapter 2 Education and Language" (PDF). General Household Survey 2005, Statistical Release 1: Socio-Demographic and Economic Characteristics. Singapore Department of Statistics. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
"Census of Population 2010: Advance Census Release" (PDF). Singapore Department of Statistics. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
"Population Trends 2009" (PDF). Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade & Industry, Republic of Singapore. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2010.

straitstimes.com (Global: 543^rd place; English: 346^th place)

straitstimes.com

Tan, Amelia (29 December 2009). "Refine bilingual policy". The Straits Times. Singapore. Archived from the original on 31 December 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
Auto, Hermes (15 June 2020). "Singaporeans feel English should be main language used in public, with space for other languages: IPS study | The Straits Times". www.straitstimes.com. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
Lai, L (23 October 2013). "Young people speak up for dialects". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
"More learning Chinese dialects to connect with seniors or embrace cultural identity". The Straits Times. 27 March 2022. ISSN 0585-3923. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
Abu Baker, Jalelah (6 November 2014). "Wrong Tamil translation of Lau Pa Sat name makes its rounds on Facebook". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2019.

tnp.straitstimes.com

Loo, G (23 May 2014). "Come in Kangkong Commander! Mr Brown gives his take on air force Singlish". The New Paper. Archived from the original on 10 July 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2014.

tamil-kavithai.in (Global: low place; English: low place)

tamilarasan (29 May 2024). "Tamil Boy Baby Names starting with அ (A) - தமிழ் உலகம் ✨". Retrieved 29 May 2024.

taylorfrancis.com (Global: 3,142^nd place; English: 2,072^nd place)

Ng, Bee Chin; Cavallaro, Francesco (2021). "The curious case of Mandarin Chinese in Singapore". In Jain, Ritu (ed.). Multilingual Singapore (1st ed.). Routledge. pp. 159–178. doi:10.4324/9780429280146-10. ISBN 9780429280146.

teochewfestival.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"ABOUT TEOCHEW FESTIVAL 2014". Archived from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.

thinkchina.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Can the Chinese language survive in Singapore?". ThinkChina - Big reads, Opinion & Columns on China. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"What language should one speak to be Singaporean?". ThinkChina - Big reads, Opinion & Columns on China. Retrieved 28 April 2025.

todayonline.com (Global: 2,806^th place; English: 1,637^th place)

"Helping children to learn Mandarin as its use at home declines". TODAY. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"The Big Read in short: The gradual demise of mother tongue starts at home". TODAY. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"What is our Singaporean mother tongue?". TODAY. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
Mendoza, D. (25 September 2014). "Singapore Teochew Festival: Celebrating tradition with modern approaches". Today Online. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.

upenn.edu (Global: 702^nd place; English: 520^th place)

sas.upenn.edu

Schiffman, Harold F. (1995). "Language Shift in the Tamil Communities of Malaysia and Singapore: the Paradox of Egalitarian Language Policy". Language Loss and Public Policy. 14 (1–2). Retrieved 9 August 2020.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

David, Maya Esther (2008). "Language Policies Impact on Language Maintenance and Teaching Focus on Malaysia Singapore and The Philippines" (PDF). University of Malaya Angel David Malaysia. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Lewis, M. Paul (2009). "Languages of Singapore". Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
Goh, Chok Tong (11 October 2014). "English version of Speech in Mandarin by the Prime Minister, Mr Goh Chok Tong". Speak Mandarin Campaign. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
Abu Baker, Jalelah (8 March 2009). "One generation – that's all it takes 'for a language to die'". The Straits Times. Singapore. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
"Census of Population 2010 Archived 13 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine" (table 4), Singapore Department of Statistics. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
"Greater Flexibility with Implementation of Double-Barrelled Race Option from 1 January 2011". Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
Gupta, A.F. Fischer, K. (ed.). "Epistemic modalities and the discourse particles of Singapore". Approaches to Discourse Particles. Amsterdam: Elsevier: 244–263. Archived from the original (DOC) on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
"31 March 2000". Moe.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
What are some commonly misspelled English words?|ASK!ASK! Archived 3 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
Pakir, Anne (1999). "Bilingual education with English as an official language: Sociocultural implications" (PDF). Georgetown University Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2013. ()
"Bilingual Education". National Library Board, Singapore. 12 November 2009. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Singapore English definition – Dictionary – MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 30 July 2003.
"Singapore Company Registration and Formation". Healy Consultants. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
Tan, Amelia (29 December 2009). "Refine bilingual policy". The Straits Times. Singapore. Archived from the original on 31 December 2009. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
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wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Euvin Loong Jin Chong; Mark F. Seilhamer (18 August 2014). "Young people, Malay and English in multilingual Singapore". World Englishes. 33 (3): 363–365. doi:10.1111/weng.12095.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

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"Singapore has almost wiped out its mother tongues". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"More learning Chinese dialects to connect with seniors or embrace cultural identity". The Straits Times. 27 March 2022. ISSN 0585-3923. Retrieved 18 June 2025.

Languages of Singapore (English Wikipedia)

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