Latrodectus (English Wikipedia)

Eberhard, W G (2006). "The mystery of how spiders extract food without masticating prey" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 13 (9): 372–6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-10.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Levi, Herbert W. (1959). "The Spider Genus Latrodectus (Araneae, Theridiidae)". Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 78 (1): 7–43. doi:10.2307/3223799. JSTOR 3223799.
Ushkaryov, Y. A. (2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon. 213 (5): 527–542. Bibcode:2004Txcn...43..527U. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
Sari, I. (2008). "Myocarditis after black widow spider envenomation". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 630 (5): e1–3. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2007.09.012. PMID 18534303.
Nentwig, N. (2017). "Impact of Non-native Animals and Plants on Human Health". Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services. Springer. pp. 277–293. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_18. ISBN 978-3-319-45119-0.
Welke, Klaas W.; Schneider, Jutta M. (January 2012). "Sexual cannibalism benefits offspring survival". Animal Behaviour. 83 (1): 201–207. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.10.027. S2CID 53149581.
- Jennifer Welsh (December 23, 2011). "Male Spiders Let Mates Eat Them for Kids' Sake". LiveScience.
- Johnson, J. Chadwick; Trubl, Patricia; Blackmore, Valerie; Miles, Lindsay (August 2011). "Male black widows court well-fed females more than starved females: silken cues indicate sexual cannibalism risk". Animal Behaviour. 82 (2): 383–390. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.05.018. S2CID 53167419.
- Baruffaldi, Luciana; Andrade, Maydianne C.B. (April 2015). "Contact pheromones mediate male preference in black-widow spiders: avoidance of hungry sexual cannibals?". Animal Behaviour. 102: 25–32. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.01.007. S2CID 53186634.
- Salomon, Maxence (April 2011). "The natural diet of a polyphagous predator, Latrodectus hesperus (Araneae: Theridiidae), over one year". Journal of Arachnology. 39 (1): 154–160. doi:10.1636/p10-25.1. ISSN 0161-8202. S2CID 55786642.
- Johnson, J. Chadwick; Kitchen, Kathryn; Andrade, Maydianne C. B. (August 2010). "Family Affects Sibling Cannibalism in the Black Widow Spider, Latrodectus hesperus". Ethology. 116 (8): 770–777. Bibcode:2010Ethol.116..770J. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01792.x. ISSN 0179-1613.
- Nelsen, David; Kelln, Wayne; Hayes, William (2014). "Poke but don't pinch: risk assessment and venom metering in the western black-widow spider, Latrodectus hesperus". Animal Behaviour. 89: 107–114. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.12.019. S2CID 53166675.
- Blackledge, T. A.; Swindeman, John E.; Hayashi, Cheryl Y. (15 May 2005). "Quasistatic and continuous dynamic characterization of the mechanical properties of silk from the cobweb of the black-widow spider Latrodectus hesperus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 208 (10): 1937–1949. Bibcode:2005JExpB.208.1937B. doi:10.1242/jeb.01597. PMID 15879074.
- Elices, Manuel; Guinea, Gustavo V.; Pérez-Rigueiro, José; Plaza, Gustavo R.; et al. (2005). "Finding Inspiration in Argiope Trifasciata Spider Silk Fibers". JOM. 57 (2): 60–66. Bibcode:2005JOM....57b..60E. doi:10.1007/s11837-005-0218-7. S2CID 136722925. Archived from the original on 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- Ushkaryov, YA; Rohou, A; Sugita, S (2008). alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 184. pp. 171–206. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74805-2_7. ISBN 978-3-540-74804-5. PMC 2519134. PMID 18064415.
- Peterson, ME (November 2006). "Black widow spider envenomation". Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 21 (4): 187–90. doi:10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.003. PMID 17265903.
- Halmo, Laurie Seidel; Hurst, Irene A.; Ng, Patrick C.; Wang, George Sam (2019). "Latrodectus Facies After Latrodectus Hesperus Envenomation in a Pediatric Patient". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 57 (4). ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC: 523–526. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.06.018. PMID 31492593. S2CID 201868835.
- Mowry, James B.; Spyker, Daniel A.; Cantilena, Louis R.; Bailey, J. Elise; Ford, Marsha (December 2013). "2012 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 30th Annual Report" (PDF). Clinical Toxicology. 51 (10): 949–1229. doi:10.3109/15563650.2013.863906. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 24359283. S2CID 43129572. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-10-31.
- Bettini, S (1964). "Epidemiology of latrodectism". Toxicon. 2 (2): 93–102. Bibcode:1964Txcn....2...93B. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(64)90009-1. PMID 14301291.
- Isbister, Geoffrey K.; Page, Colin B.; Buckley, Nicholas A.; Fatovich, Daniel M.; Pascu, Ovidiu; MacDonald, Stephen P.J.; Calver, Leonie A.; Brown, Simon G.A. (2014). "Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravenous Antivenom Versus Placebo for Latrodectism: The Second Redback Antivenom Evaluation (RAVE-II) Study". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 64 (6): 620–8.e2. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.06.006. hdl:2123/14928. PMID 24999282.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

hdl.handle.net

Isbister, Geoffrey K.; Page, Colin B.; Buckley, Nicholas A.; Fatovich, Daniel M.; Pascu, Ovidiu; MacDonald, Stephen P.J.; Calver, Leonie A.; Brown, Simon G.A. (2014). "Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravenous Antivenom Versus Placebo for Latrodectism: The Second Redback Antivenom Evaluation (RAVE-II) Study". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 64 (6): 620–8.e2. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.06.006. hdl:2123/14928. PMID 24999282.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Ushkaryov, Y. A. (2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon. 213 (5): 527–542. Bibcode:2004Txcn...43..527U. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
Johnson, J. Chadwick; Kitchen, Kathryn; Andrade, Maydianne C. B. (August 2010). "Family Affects Sibling Cannibalism in the Black Widow Spider, Latrodectus hesperus". Ethology. 116 (8): 770–777. Bibcode:2010Ethol.116..770J. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01792.x. ISSN 0179-1613.
Blackledge, T. A.; Swindeman, John E.; Hayashi, Cheryl Y. (15 May 2005). "Quasistatic and continuous dynamic characterization of the mechanical properties of silk from the cobweb of the black-widow spider Latrodectus hesperus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 208 (10): 1937–1949. Bibcode:2005JExpB.208.1937B. doi:10.1242/jeb.01597. PMID 15879074.
Elices, Manuel; Guinea, Gustavo V.; Pérez-Rigueiro, José; Plaza, Gustavo R.; et al. (2005). "Finding Inspiration in Argiope Trifasciata Spider Silk Fibers". JOM. 57 (2): 60–66. Bibcode:2005JOM....57b..60E. doi:10.1007/s11837-005-0218-7. S2CID 136722925. Archived from the original on 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
Bettini, S (1964). "Epidemiology of latrodectism". Toxicon. 2 (2): 93–102. Bibcode:1964Txcn....2...93B. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(64)90009-1. PMID 14301291.

independent.ie (Global: 315^th place; English: 209^th place)

"Poisonous false widow spiders spread across Ireland". independent. 17 October 2013. Retrieved 2020-12-15.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Levi, Herbert W. (1959). "The Spider Genus Latrodectus (Araneae, Theridiidae)". Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 78 (1): 7–43. doi:10.2307/3223799. JSTOR 3223799.

livescience.com (Global: 1,190^th place; English: 959^th place)

Welke, Klaas W.; Schneider, Jutta M. (January 2012). "Sexual cannibalism benefits offspring survival". Animal Behaviour. 83 (1): 201–207. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.10.027. S2CID 53149581.
- Jennifer Welsh (December 23, 2011). "Male Spiders Let Mates Eat Them for Kids' Sake". LiveScience.
- Why Black Widow Spider Venom Is So Potent. By Jennifer Viegas, Discovery News January 6, 2015.

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 296^th place)

kids.nationalgeographic.com

"Black Widow". Animals. 2014-03-01. Retrieved 2024-04-01.

nationalgeographic.com

"Black Widow Spiders". National Geographic. 10 September 2010. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ushkaryov, Y. A. (2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon. 213 (5): 527–542. Bibcode:2004Txcn...43..527U. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
Sari, I. (2008). "Myocarditis after black widow spider envenomation". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 630 (5): e1–3. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2007.09.012. PMID 18534303.
Blackledge, T. A.; Swindeman, John E.; Hayashi, Cheryl Y. (15 May 2005). "Quasistatic and continuous dynamic characterization of the mechanical properties of silk from the cobweb of the black-widow spider Latrodectus hesperus" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 208 (10): 1937–1949. Bibcode:2005JExpB.208.1937B. doi:10.1242/jeb.01597. PMID 15879074.
Ushkaryov, YA; Rohou, A; Sugita, S (2008). alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 184. pp. 171–206. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74805-2_7. ISBN 978-3-540-74804-5. PMC 2519134. PMID 18064415.
Peterson, ME (November 2006). "Black widow spider envenomation". Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 21 (4): 187–90. doi:10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.003. PMID 17265903.
Halmo, Laurie Seidel; Hurst, Irene A.; Ng, Patrick C.; Wang, George Sam (2019). "Latrodectus Facies After Latrodectus Hesperus Envenomation in a Pediatric Patient". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 57 (4). ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC: 523–526. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.06.018. PMID 31492593. S2CID 201868835.
Mowry, James B.; Spyker, Daniel A.; Cantilena, Louis R.; Bailey, J. Elise; Ford, Marsha (December 2013). "2012 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 30th Annual Report" (PDF). Clinical Toxicology. 51 (10): 949–1229. doi:10.3109/15563650.2013.863906. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 24359283. S2CID 43129572. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-10-31.
Bettini, S (1964). "Epidemiology of latrodectism". Toxicon. 2 (2): 93–102. Bibcode:1964Txcn....2...93B. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(64)90009-1. PMID 14301291.
Isbister, Geoffrey K.; Page, Colin B.; Buckley, Nicholas A.; Fatovich, Daniel M.; Pascu, Ovidiu; MacDonald, Stephen P.J.; Calver, Leonie A.; Brown, Simon G.A. (2014). "Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravenous Antivenom Versus Placebo for Latrodectism: The Second Redback Antivenom Evaluation (RAVE-II) Study". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 64 (6): 620–8.e2. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.06.006. hdl:2123/14928. PMID 24999282.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ushkaryov, YA; Rohou, A; Sugita, S (2008). alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 184. pp. 171–206. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74805-2_7. ISBN 978-3-540-74804-5. PMC 2519134. PMID 18064415.

nmbe.ch (Global: 2,178^th place; English: 1,554^th place)

wsc.nmbe.ch

"Gen. Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2016-01-28.
"Species list for Latrodectus". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2016-01-28.

onlinemetals.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Astm a36". OnlineMetals.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013.

orkin.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Black Widow Spiders". Orkin Pest Control. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

extension.psu.edu

"Southern Black Widow Spider". extension.psu.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-01.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Welke, Klaas W.; Schneider, Jutta M. (January 2012). "Sexual cannibalism benefits offspring survival". Animal Behaviour. 83 (1): 201–207. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.10.027. S2CID 53149581.
- Jennifer Welsh (December 23, 2011). "Male Spiders Let Mates Eat Them for Kids' Sake". LiveScience.
- Johnson, J. Chadwick; Trubl, Patricia; Blackmore, Valerie; Miles, Lindsay (August 2011). "Male black widows court well-fed females more than starved females: silken cues indicate sexual cannibalism risk". Animal Behaviour. 82 (2): 383–390. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.05.018. S2CID 53167419.
- Baruffaldi, Luciana; Andrade, Maydianne C.B. (April 2015). "Contact pheromones mediate male preference in black-widow spiders: avoidance of hungry sexual cannibals?". Animal Behaviour. 102: 25–32. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.01.007. S2CID 53186634.
- Salomon, Maxence (April 2011). "The natural diet of a polyphagous predator, Latrodectus hesperus (Araneae: Theridiidae), over one year". Journal of Arachnology. 39 (1): 154–160. doi:10.1636/p10-25.1. ISSN 0161-8202. S2CID 55786642.
- Nelsen, David; Kelln, Wayne; Hayes, William (2014). "Poke but don't pinch: risk assessment and venom metering in the western black-widow spider, Latrodectus hesperus". Animal Behaviour. 89: 107–114. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.12.019. S2CID 53166675.
- Elices, Manuel; Guinea, Gustavo V.; Pérez-Rigueiro, José; Plaza, Gustavo R.; et al. (2005). "Finding Inspiration in Argiope Trifasciata Spider Silk Fibers". JOM. 57 (2): 60–66. Bibcode:2005JOM....57b..60E. doi:10.1007/s11837-005-0218-7. S2CID 136722925. Archived from the original on 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
- Halmo, Laurie Seidel; Hurst, Irene A.; Ng, Patrick C.; Wang, George Sam (2019). "Latrodectus Facies After Latrodectus Hesperus Envenomation in a Pediatric Patient". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 57 (4). ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC: 523–526. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.06.018. PMID 31492593. S2CID 201868835.
- Mowry, James B.; Spyker, Daniel A.; Cantilena, Louis R.; Bailey, J. Elise; Ford, Marsha (December 2013). "2012 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 30th Annual Report" (PDF). Clinical Toxicology. 51 (10): 949–1229. doi:10.3109/15563650.2013.863906. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 24359283. S2CID 43129572. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-10-31.

spiderid.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Latrodectus (Widow Spiders)". SpiderID. Retrieved 8 August 2025.

tamu.edu (Global: 1,672^nd place; English: 1,262^nd place)

insects.tamu.edu

Drees, Bastiaan M.; Jackman, John A. (1999). "Mud Daubers". Field Guide to Texas Insects. Gulf Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-87719-263-3. Archived from the original on 12 July 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007.

tms.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Elices, Manuel; Guinea, Gustavo V.; Pérez-Rigueiro, José; Plaza, Gustavo R.; et al. (2005). "Finding Inspiration in Argiope Trifasciata Spider Silk Fibers". JOM. 57 (2): 60–66. Bibcode:2005JOM....57b..60E. doi:10.1007/s11837-005-0218-7. S2CID 136722925. Archived from the original on 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2009-01-23.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Breene, R. G.; Sweet, M. H. (1985). "Evidence of insemination of multiple females by the male Black Widow Spider, Latrodectus mactans (Araneae, Theridiidae)" (PDF). The Journal of Arachnology. 13 (3): 331–335. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-11. Retrieved 2008-04-19.
Eberhard, W G (2006). "The mystery of how spiders extract food without masticating prey" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 13 (9): 372–6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-10.
"Black Widow Spiders". National Geographic. 10 September 2010. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
Drees, Bastiaan M.; Jackman, John A. (1999). "Mud Daubers". Field Guide to Texas Insects. Gulf Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-87719-263-3. Archived from the original on 12 July 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2007.
"Astm a36". OnlineMetals.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013.
Elices, Manuel; Guinea, Gustavo V.; Pérez-Rigueiro, José; Plaza, Gustavo R.; et al. (2005). "Finding Inspiration in Argiope Trifasciata Spider Silk Fibers". JOM. 57 (2): 60–66. Bibcode:2005JOM....57b..60E. doi:10.1007/s11837-005-0218-7. S2CID 136722925. Archived from the original on 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
Mowry, James B.; Spyker, Daniel A.; Cantilena, Louis R.; Bailey, J. Elise; Ford, Marsha (December 2013). "2012 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 30th Annual Report" (PDF). Clinical Toxicology. 51 (10): 949–1229. doi:10.3109/15563650.2013.863906. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 24359283. S2CID 43129572. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-10-31.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Salomon, Maxence (April 2011). "The natural diet of a polyphagous predator, Latrodectus hesperus (Araneae: Theridiidae), over one year". Journal of Arachnology. 39 (1): 154–160. doi:10.1636/p10-25.1. ISSN 0161-8202. S2CID 55786642.
Johnson, J. Chadwick; Kitchen, Kathryn; Andrade, Maydianne C. B. (August 2010). "Family Affects Sibling Cannibalism in the Black Widow Spider, Latrodectus hesperus". Ethology. 116 (8): 770–777. Bibcode:2010Ethol.116..770J. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01792.x. ISSN 0179-1613.
Mowry, James B.; Spyker, Daniel A.; Cantilena, Louis R.; Bailey, J. Elise; Ford, Marsha (December 2013). "2012 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 30th Annual Report" (PDF). Clinical Toxicology. 51 (10): 949–1229. doi:10.3109/15563650.2013.863906. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 24359283. S2CID 43129572. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2018-10-31.

Latrodectus (English Wikipedia)

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