Laughter (English Wikipedia)

Thomas Hobbes: On Human Nature, as quoted in Encyclopedia Britannica. See also this 1894 edition of Leviathan^: 35 Published by G. Routledge and sons, available at the Internet Archive

cerebromente.org.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

Cardoso, Silvia Helena. "laughter". www.cerebromente.org.br.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Shultz, T. R.; Horibe, F. (1974). "Development of the appreciation of verbal jokes". Developmental Psychology. 10: 13–20. doi:10.1037/h0035549.
Olmwake, Louise (1937). "A study of sense of humor: Its relation to sex, age and personal characteristics". Journal of Applied Psychology. 45 (6): 688–704. doi:10.1037/h0055199.
Kawakami, Kiyobumi; Takai-Kawakami, Kiyoko; Tomonaga, Masaki; Suzuki, Juri; Kusaka, Tomiyo; Okai, Takashi (2006). "Origins of smile and laughter: A preliminary study" (PDF). Early Human Development. 82 (1): 61–66. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.07.011. PMID 16185829. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-28.
Gervais, Matthew; Sloan Wilson, David (2005). "The Evolution and Functions of Laughter and Humor: A Synthetic Approach". Quarterly Review of Biology. 80 (4): 395–430. doi:10.1086/498281. PMID 16519138. S2CID 22275729.
Davila Ross, Marina; j Owren, Michael; Zimmermann, Elke (2009). "Reconstructing the Evolution of Laughter in Great Apes and Humans". Current Biology. 19 (13): 1106–1111. Bibcode:2009CBio...19.1106D. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028. PMID 19500987. S2CID 17892549.
Levin, Max (1930-07-16). "Inability to Laugh Audibly: Aphonogelia". Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry. 25 (1): 157. doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1931.02230010169012.
Miller, M; Mangano, C; Park, Y; Goel, R; Plotnick, GD; Vogel, RA (2005). "Impact of cinematic viewing on endothelial function". Heart. 92 (2): 261–2. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.061424. PMC 1860773. PMID 16415199.
Vlachopoulos, C; Xaplanteris, P; Alexopoulos, N; Aznaouridis, K; Vasiliadou, C; Baou, K; Stefanadi, E; Stefanadis, C (2009). "Divergent effects of laughter and mental stress on arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics". Psychosom. Med. 71 (4): 446–53. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e318198dcd4. PMID 19251872. S2CID 36768384.
Dunbar, R. I. M.; Baron, R.; Frangou, A.; Pearce, E.; van Leeuwen, E. J. C.; Stow, J.; Partridge, G.; MacDonald, I.; Barra, V.; van Vugt, M. (2011). "Social laughter is correlated with an elevated pain threshold". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1731): 1161–1167. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1373. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3267132. PMID 21920973.
Cantarutti, Marina; Ogden, Richard; Šturm, Pavel; Trouvain, Jürgen (2023). "Laughing in interaction: How phonetic details can coordinate action sequences". Proc. Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech (DiSS) Workshop: 38–42. doi:10.21437/DiSS.2023-8.
Ludusan, Bogdan, Marin Schröer, Petra Wagner (2024). "An acoustic-prosodic analysis of laughter types". Proceedings, Speech Prosody: 602–606. doi:10.21437/SpeechProsody.2024-122.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Kimata, H. (2001-02-14). "EFfect of humor on allergen-induced wheal reactions". JAMA. 285 (6): 738. doi:10.1001/jama.285.6.738. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 11176910.
Leber, Vanoli, D. A., E. G. (March–April 2001). "Therapeutic use of humor: occupational therapy clinicians perceptions and practices". American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 55 (2): 221–226. doi:10.5014/ajot.55.2.221. PMID 11761140.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Morishima, T; Miyashiro, I; Inoue, N; Kitasaka, M; Akazawa, T; Higeno, A; Idota, A; Sato, A; Ohira, T; Sakon, M; Matsuura, N (2019-06-27). "Effects of laughter therapy on quality of life in patients with cancer: An open-label, randomized controlled trial". PLOS ONE. 14 (6) e0219065. Public Library of Science. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1419065M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219065. PMC 6597115. PMID 31247017.
Martin, Rod A; Kuiper, Nicholas A (1999). "Daily occurrence of laughter: Relationships with age, gender, and Type A personality". Humor. 12 (4): 355–384. doi:10.1515/humr.1999.12.4.355. S2CID 144221387 – via ResearchGate.
Bellieni, Carlo V. (1 January 2023). "Laughter: A signal of ceased alarm toward a perceived incongruity between life and stiffness". New Ideas in Psychology. 68 100977. doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100977. S2CID 251826870.

erowid.org (Global: 3,273^rd place; English: 1,926^th place)

Turner, D.M. (August 1996). "Effects and Experiences". Salvinorin—The Psychedelic Essence of Salvia Divinorum. San Francisco, CA: Panther Press. ISBN 978-0-9642636-2-8. Retrieved 2007-05-20.

fr.wikisource.org (Global: 910^th place; English: 6,502^nd place)

Henri Bergson, Le Rire, Avant-Propos on Wikisource (in French)
Bergson, Henri. Le Rire, "Préface" on Wikisource (in French)

gutenberg.org (Global: 629^th place; English: 427^th place)

Bergson, Henri (26 July 2009) [1900]. "The Comic in General—The Comic Element in Forms and Movements—Expansive Force of the Comic". Laughter: an Essay on the Meaning of the Comic. Translated by Brereton L. ES L., M.A., Cloudesley; Rothwell B.A., Fred. Project Gutenberg. Laughter appears to stand in need of an echo, Listen to it carefully: it is not an articulate, clear, well-defined sound; it is something which would fain be prolonged by reverberating from one to another, something beginning with a crash, to continue in successive rumblings, like thunder in a mountain. Still, this reverberation cannot go on for ever. It can travel within as wide a circle as you please: the circle remains, none the less, a closed one.
Bergson, Henri. Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic, Chapter I (II) – online version on Project Gutenberg

heart.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Humor helps your heart? How?". www.heart.org. Retrieved 2019-03-30.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Lateiner, Donald. No laughing matter: a literary tactic in Herodotus, Transactions of the American Philological Association, Vol. 107. (1977), pp. 173–182.

kyoto-u.ac.jp (Global: 2,808^th place; English: 4,826^th place)

pri.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Kawakami, Kiyobumi; Takai-Kawakami, Kiyoko; Tomonaga, Masaki; Suzuki, Juri; Kusaka, Tomiyo; Okai, Takashi (2006). "Origins of smile and laughter: A preliminary study" (PDF). Early Human Development. 82 (1): 61–66. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.07.011. PMID 16185829. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-28.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kawakami, Kiyobumi; Takai-Kawakami, Kiyoko; Tomonaga, Masaki; Suzuki, Juri; Kusaka, Tomiyo; Okai, Takashi (2006). "Origins of smile and laughter: A preliminary study" (PDF). Early Human Development. 82 (1): 61–66. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.07.011. PMID 16185829. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-28.
Gervais, Matthew; Sloan Wilson, David (2005). "The Evolution and Functions of Laughter and Humor: A Synthetic Approach". Quarterly Review of Biology. 80 (4): 395–430. doi:10.1086/498281. PMID 16519138. S2CID 22275729.
Davila Ross, Marina; j Owren, Michael; Zimmermann, Elke (2009). "Reconstructing the Evolution of Laughter in Great Apes and Humans". Current Biology. 19 (13): 1106–1111. Bibcode:2009CBio...19.1106D. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028. PMID 19500987. S2CID 17892549.
Miller, M; Mangano, C; Park, Y; Goel, R; Plotnick, GD; Vogel, RA (2005). "Impact of cinematic viewing on endothelial function". Heart. 92 (2): 261–2. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.061424. PMC 1860773. PMID 16415199.
Vlachopoulos, C; Xaplanteris, P; Alexopoulos, N; Aznaouridis, K; Vasiliadou, C; Baou, K; Stefanadi, E; Stefanadis, C (2009). "Divergent effects of laughter and mental stress on arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics". Psychosom. Med. 71 (4): 446–53. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e318198dcd4. PMID 19251872. S2CID 36768384.
Dunbar, R. I. M.; Baron, R.; Frangou, A.; Pearce, E.; van Leeuwen, E. J. C.; Stow, J.; Partridge, G.; MacDonald, I.; Barra, V.; van Vugt, M. (2011). "Social laughter is correlated with an elevated pain threshold". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1731): 1161–1167. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1373. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3267132. PMID 21920973.
Berk, L. S.; Felten, D. L.; Tan, S. A.; Bittman, B. B.; Westengard, J. (2001-03-01). "Modulation of neuroimmune parameters during the eustress of humor-associated mirthful laughter". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 7 (2): 62–72, 74–76. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 11253418.
Bennett, Mary P.; Zeller, Janice M.; Rosenberg, Lisa; McCann, Judith (2003-04-01). "The effect of mirthful laughter on stress and natural killer cell activity". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 9 (2): 38–45. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 12652882.
Kimata, H. (2001-02-14). "EFfect of humor on allergen-induced wheal reactions". JAMA. 285 (6): 738. doi:10.1001/jama.285.6.738. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 11176910.
Mora-Ripoll, R. (2010). "The Therapeutic Value of Laughter in Medicine". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 16 (6): 56–64. PMID 21280463.
Leber, Vanoli, D. A., E. G. (March–April 2001). "Therapeutic use of humor: occupational therapy clinicians perceptions and practices". American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 55 (2): 221–226. doi:10.5014/ajot.55.2.221. PMID 11761140.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Morishima, T; Miyashiro, I; Inoue, N; Kitasaka, M; Akazawa, T; Higeno, A; Idota, A; Sato, A; Ohira, T; Sakon, M; Matsuura, N (2019-06-27). "Effects of laughter therapy on quality of life in patients with cancer: An open-label, randomized controlled trial". PLOS ONE. 14 (6) e0219065. Public Library of Science. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1419065M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219065. PMC 6597115. PMID 31247017.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Miller, M; Mangano, C; Park, Y; Goel, R; Plotnick, GD; Vogel, RA (2005). "Impact of cinematic viewing on endothelial function". Heart. 92 (2): 261–2. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.061424. PMC 1860773. PMID 16415199.
Dunbar, R. I. M.; Baron, R.; Frangou, A.; Pearce, E.; van Leeuwen, E. J. C.; Stow, J.; Partridge, G.; MacDonald, I.; Barra, V.; van Vugt, M. (2011). "Social laughter is correlated with an elevated pain threshold". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1731): 1161–1167. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1373. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3267132. PMID 21920973.
Morishima, T; Miyashiro, I; Inoue, N; Kitasaka, M; Akazawa, T; Higeno, A; Idota, A; Sato, A; Ohira, T; Sakon, M; Matsuura, N (2019-06-27). "Effects of laughter therapy on quality of life in patients with cancer: An open-label, randomized controlled trial". PLOS ONE. 14 (6) e0219065. Public Library of Science. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1419065M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219065. PMC 6597115. PMID 31247017.

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

"Laughter: The Best Medicine". NPR.org. September 28, 2020.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Why Laughter Feels So Good 13 September 2011 New York Times science section.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Martin, Rod A; Kuiper, Nicholas A (1999). "Daily occurrence of laughter: Relationships with age, gender, and Type A personality". Humor. 12 (4): 355–384. doi:10.1515/humr.1999.12.4.355. S2CID 144221387 – via ResearchGate.

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; English: 451^st place)

journals.sagepub.com

Jaak Panksepp - The Riddle of Laughter - Neural and Psychoevolutionary Underpinnings of Joy December 1, 2000 Sage Journals Accessed October 28th, 2017

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Gervais, Matthew; Sloan Wilson, David (2005). "The Evolution and Functions of Laughter and Humor: A Synthetic Approach". Quarterly Review of Biology. 80 (4): 395–430. doi:10.1086/498281. PMID 16519138. S2CID 22275729.
Davila Ross, Marina; j Owren, Michael; Zimmermann, Elke (2009). "Reconstructing the Evolution of Laughter in Great Apes and Humans". Current Biology. 19 (13): 1106–1111. Bibcode:2009CBio...19.1106D. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028. PMID 19500987. S2CID 17892549.
Vlachopoulos, C; Xaplanteris, P; Alexopoulos, N; Aznaouridis, K; Vasiliadou, C; Baou, K; Stefanadi, E; Stefanadis, C (2009). "Divergent effects of laughter and mental stress on arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics". Psychosom. Med. 71 (4): 446–53. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e318198dcd4. PMID 19251872. S2CID 36768384.
Martin, Rod A; Kuiper, Nicholas A (1999). "Daily occurrence of laughter: Relationships with age, gender, and Type A personality". Humor. 12 (4): 355–384. doi:10.1515/humr.1999.12.4.355. S2CID 144221387 – via ResearchGate.
Bellieni, Carlo V. (1 January 2023). "Laughter: A signal of ceased alarm toward a perceived incongruity between life and stiffness". New Ideas in Psychology. 68 100977. doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100977. S2CID 251826870.

theconversation.com (Global: 840^th place; English: 594^th place)

Bellieni, Carlo Valerio (22 September 2022). "Why do we laugh? New study considers possible evolutionary reasons behind this very human behaviour". The Conversation.

tomveatch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Physiology of laughter and tickling". www.tomveatch.com. Retrieved 2010-08-03.

ucla.edu (Global: 885^th place; English: 584^th place)

cogweb.ucla.edu

Robert R. Provine (1950-09-09). "Provine, Laughter". Cogweb.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2011-12-26.

umm.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Laughter is Good for Your Heart, According to a New UMMC Study". University of Maryland Medical Center. Archived from the original on 2017-09-06. Retrieved 2014-11-04.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Kawakami, Kiyobumi; Takai-Kawakami, Kiyoko; Tomonaga, Masaki; Suzuki, Juri; Kusaka, Tomiyo; Okai, Takashi (2006). "Origins of smile and laughter: A preliminary study" (PDF). Early Human Development. 82 (1): 61–66. doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.07.011. PMID 16185829. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-28.
"WebMD 2002". Men.webmd.com. Archived from the original on 2011-12-22. Retrieved 2011-12-26.
"Laughter is Good for Your Heart, According to a New UMMC Study". University of Maryland Medical Center. Archived from the original on 2017-09-06. Retrieved 2014-11-04.
M.P. Mulder, A. Nijholt (2002) "Humor Research: State of the Art", citeseer.ist.psu.edu

webmd.com (Global: 2,056^th place; English: 1,884^th place)

men.webmd.com

"WebMD 2002". Men.webmd.com. Archived from the original on 2011-12-22. Retrieved 2011-12-26.

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Dunbar, R. I. M.; Baron, R.; Frangou, A.; Pearce, E.; van Leeuwen, E. J. C.; Stow, J.; Partridge, G.; MacDonald, I.; Barra, V.; van Vugt, M. (2011). "Social laughter is correlated with an elevated pain threshold". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1731): 1161–1167. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1373. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3267132. PMID 21920973.
Berk, L. S.; Felten, D. L.; Tan, S. A.; Bittman, B. B.; Westengard, J. (2001-03-01). "Modulation of neuroimmune parameters during the eustress of humor-associated mirthful laughter". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 7 (2): 62–72, 74–76. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 11253418.
Bennett, Mary P.; Zeller, Janice M.; Rosenberg, Lisa; McCann, Judith (2003-04-01). "The effect of mirthful laughter on stress and natural killer cell activity". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 9 (2): 38–45. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 12652882.
Kimata, H. (2001-02-14). "EFfect of humor on allergen-induced wheal reactions". JAMA. 285 (6): 738. doi:10.1001/jama.285.6.738. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 11176910.

Laughter (English Wikipedia)

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