Legality of Holocaust denial (English Wikipedia)

"É proibido se dizer nazista ou negar Holocausto no Brasil? O que dizem leis e especialistas" [Is it forbidden to call oneself Nazi or deny the Holocaust in Brazil? What laws and experts say]. BBC Brasil (in Portuguese). 11 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.

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lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu

Pichent, Michelle L. (2003) "A Fertile ground: The Expansion of Holocaust Denial into the Arab World" Boston College Third World Law Review v.23 n.4

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Dzidic, Denis (27 January 2009). "Bosnia's Etnic Tensions Delay Holocaust Denial Law". Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. Archived from the original on 16 September 2009. Retrieved 28 June 2016.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Naamat, Talis; Osin, Nina; and Porat, Dina (eds.) (2012) Legislating for Equality: A Multinational Collection of Non-Discrimination Norms. Volume I: Europe Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp.117-120 ISBN 9789004227590

businessinsider.com (Global: 140^th place; English: 115^th place)

Ben Collins (26 March 2014). "George Brandis: Holocaust Denial Would Not Become Legal Under My New Laws". Business Insider Australia. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2016.

cbc.ca (Global: 115^th place; English: 82^nd place)

"Alberta Holocaust denier convicted in Germany for 'incitement to hatred'". CBC. 26 October 2018.

chomsky.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chomsky, Noam (28 February 1981). "His Right to Say It". The Nation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2012. [I]t is elementary that freedom of expression (including academic freedom) is not to be restricted to views of which one approves, and that it is precisely in the case of views that are almost universally despised and condemned that this right must be most vigorously defended.

cnn.gr (Global: low place; English: low place)

"'German historian Heinz Richter acquitted regarding his book on the battle of Crete'". 10 February 2016.

coe.int (Global: 772^nd place; English: 849^th place)

conseil-constitutionnel.fr (Global: 5,102^nd place; English: low place)

Constitutional Council, Decision no. 2012-647 DC of 28 FEBRUARY 2012
"Décision n° 2015-512 QPC du 8 janvier 2016 | Conseil constitutionnel". www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr.

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"Free Mr. Bond: Interview with Team FreeMrBond", counter-currents, 18 January 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Cohen-Almagor, Raphael (1 January 2013). "Freedom of Expression v. Social Responsibility: Holocaust Denial in Canada". Journal of Mass Media Ethics. 28 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1080/08900523.2012.746119. ISSN 0890-0523. S2CID 144181623. SSRN 2214406.

dre.pt (Global: 2,118^th place; English: 4,362^nd place)

"Código Penal português (texto oficial)" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Diário da República. 4 September 2007. pp. 57–58. Retrieved 31 May 2009.

dutchnews.nl (Global: 6,610^th place; English: 4,602^nd place)

"Denying holocaust 'not a crime': VVD". DutchNews.nl. 27 May 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.

dw-world.de (Global: 1,885^th place; English: 3,847^th place)

"German Holocaust Denier Imprisoned for Inciting Racial Hatred", Deutsche Welle, 16 March 2007. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
"German Neo-Nazi Lawyer Sentenced for Denying Holocaust" Deutsche Welle, 14 January 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
"German court tells holocaust denier he must face trial", Deutsche Welle, 10 November 2009. Retrieved 14 November 2009.

ejpress.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Austrian Holocaust denier gets six-and-a-half years in prison" Archived 7 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine European Jewish Press, 14 January 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2009.

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

europa.eu

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foreignpolicy.com (Global: 1,116^th place; English: 790^th place)

Mchangama, Jacob (2 October 2016). "First They Came for the Holocaust Deniers, and I Did Not Speak Out". Foreign Policy.

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"Greece Passes Bill Making Holocaust-Denial Illegal, Tougher Anti-Racism Laws". Website. Reuters. 9 September 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
"Holocaust Deniers in Russia Now Face Five Years in Prison Reuters". Website. Reuters. 5 May 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2016.

g4media.ro (Global: low place; English: low place)

Vasile Zărnescu, former SRI colonel, escapes with a warning for denying the Holocaust after the judges accepted his appeal/ In the first instance, Zărnescu was sentenced to 13 months in prison with a suspended sentence, G4 Media, 31 March 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2023.

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"23 MARS 1995. – Loi tendant à réprimer la négation, la minimisation, la justification ou l'approbation du génocide commis par le régime national-socialiste allemand pendant la seconde guerre mondiale" (in French). juridat.be. Retrieved 29 May 2009.

gesetze-im-internet.de (Global: 1,249^th place; English: 4,347^th place)

Bohlander, Michael [in German] (1998), Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz: GERMAN CRIMINAL CODE [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection: GERMAN CRIMINAL CODE], Federal Ministry of Justice, Germany, para. 130 sec. 1
Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz: Strafgesetzbuch [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection: Criminal Code] (in German), Federal Ministry of Justice, Germany, para. 130 sec. 1
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dri.gov.ro

"ORDONANTA DE URGENTA nr. 31 din 13 martie 2002" (PDF) (in Romanian). Romanian Government Department for Interethnic Relations. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 November 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.

government.bg (Global: 5,459^th place; English: low place)

mlsp.government.bg

Criminal Code (translation in English)] - published by the Ministry of Labor and Social Policies

justice.government.bg

Criminal Code (in Bulgarian) from the Ministry of Justice website

government.nl (Global: low place; English: 9,207^th place)

Veiligheid, Ministerie van Justitie en (14 July 2023). "Cabinet prohibits Holocaust denial - News item - Government.nl". www.government.nl. Retrieved 6 April 2025.

haaretz.com (Global: 497^th place; English: 371^st place)

Uni, Assaf (10 November 2007). "Spanish court rules out jail sentences for Holocaust denial". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2009.
"EU diplomats: Ban on Holocaust denial won't curb civil liberties", Haaretz, 17 April 2004. Retrieved 15 November 2009.

huffingtonpost.com (Global: 109^th place; English: 87^th place)

Bennettsmith, Meredith (2 February 2013). "Hungary Criminalizes Holocaust Denial, Orders Man To Visit Memorial". Huffington Post.

ihgjlm.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bazyler, Michael (2008–2009). "Holocaust Denial Laws and Other Legislation Criminalizing Promotion of Nazism" (PDF). ihgjlm.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2022.

independent.co.uk (Global: 36^th place; English: 33^rd place)

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indexonline.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

D D Guttenplan, Should Freedom of Speech Stop at Holocaust Denial? Archived 15 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Index of Free Expression, 2005.

ipn.gov.pl (Global: 4,048^th place; English: 9,283^rd place)

* (in English) old Act of 18 December 1998 on the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation Archived 20 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Institute of National Remembrance. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- (in Polish)

jcpa.org (Global: 9,643^rd place; English: 7,561^st place)

Whine, Michael (Spring 2008), Expanding Holocaust Denial and Legislation Against It, Jewish Political Studies Review

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Singer, Peter (1 March 2006). "David Irving has a right to free speech, too". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
"Hungary orders Holocaust denier to visit Auschwitz ", The Jerusalem Post, 3 February 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2013.

jpr.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Combating Holocaust denial through law in the United Kingdom". JPR. 28 October 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2025.

juridicas.com (Global: 6,476^th place; English: low place)

noticias.juridicas.com

"Código Penal" (in Spanish). juridicas.com. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

juris.de (Global: 8,616^th place; English: low place)

bundesrecht.juris.de

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laws-lois.justice.gc.ca

"Criminal Code (R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46), section 319". Justice Laws Website. Retrieved 4 December 2022.

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KamloopsBCNow. "Holocaust denial to be made a crime in Canada". KamloopsBCNow. Retrieved 9 April 2022.

kuruc.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

""Jogsegélyt ajánl a Kuruc.infónak a TASZ" – nem kérünk belőle". Kuruc.info. 15 January 2015.

lawspot.gr (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Article 2 Law 927/1979". 16 March 2015.

legifrance.gouv.fr (Global: 265^th place; English: 1,095^th place)

"Loi n°90-615 du 13 juillet 1990 tendant à réprimer tout acte raciste, antisémite ou xénophobe" (in French). Légifrance. Retrieved 29 May 2009.

lemonde.fr (Global: 83^rd place; English: 603^rd place)

"Le négationniste Vincent Reynouard de nouveau condamné à la prison ferme", Le Monde, 11 February 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.

liberation.fr (Global: 232^nd place; English: 1,433^rd place)

Libération, La loi contre la négation du génocide arménien est censurée [1] Archived 11 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine

lifo.gr (Global: 5,184^th place; English: low place)

"Rhetoric of hate and racist speech in Greece". 11 March 2018.

lithuanialaw.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"LIETUVOS RESPUBLIKOS BAUDŽIAMASIS KODEKSAS" (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 22 January 2012.

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"Is There a New Anti-Semitism? A Conversation with Raul Hilberg". Logos. 6 (1–2). Winter–Spring 2007. Archived from the original on 7 June 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2012. I have come to the conclusion, not once but several times, that, as far as I am concerned, I do not agree with legislation that makes it illegal to utter pronouncements claiming that there was no Holocaust. I do not want to muzzle any of this because it is a sign of weakness not of strength when you try to shut somebody up.

mancs.hu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Fogadatlan prókátorok – A gárdaítélet félreértelmezéseiről Archived 11 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Magyar Narancs, 23 July 2009

mfa.gov.il (Global: 2,707^th place; English: 2,707^th place)

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nachkriegsjustiz.at (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Verbotsgesetz 1945 in der Fassung des NSG 1947" (in German). Austrian Research Centre for Post-War Trials. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
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news.google.com (Global: 59^th place; English: 45^th place)

"Holocaust Revisionists Will Serve Time", The Spokesman-Review (Associated Press), 21 July 1998. Retrieved 15 November 2009.

newyorker.com (Global: 146^th place; English: 110^th place)

Chotiner, Isaac (January 24, 2019) "Looking at Anti-Semitism on the Left and the Right: An Interview with Deborah E. Lipstadt" The New Yorker

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nysun.com (Global: 3,662^nd place; English: 2,258^th place)

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nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

"California Judge Rules Holocaust Did Happen". The New York Times. Associated Press. 10 October 1981. p. A26. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
Bilefsky, Dan. "EU adopts measure outlawing Holocaust denial", The New York Times, 19 April 2007. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
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officielebekendmakingen.nl (Global: 6,950^th place; English: low place)

zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl

Veiligheid, Ministerie van Justitie en (24 July 2024). "Wet van 17 juli 2024 tot wijziging van de Overleveringswet, de Wet wederzijdse erkenning en tenuitvoerlegging vrijheidsbenemende en voorwaardelijke sancties en het Wetboek van Strafrecht ter herimplementatie van onderdelen van het kaderbesluit 2002/584/JBZ betreffende het Europees aanhoudingsbevel, van onderdelen van het kaderbesluit 2008/913/JBZ betreffende de bestrijding van bepaalde vormen en uitingen van racisme en vreemdelingenhaat, van onderdelen van de richtlijn (EU) 2013/48 betreffende het recht op toegang tot een advocaat in strafprocedures en in procedures ter uitvoering van een Europees aanhoudingsbevel en van onderdelen van de richtlijn (EU) 2017/1371 betreffende de strafrechtelijke bestrijding van fraude die de financiële belangen van de Unie schaadt (Wet herimplementatie Europees strafrecht)". zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 6 April 2025.
Veiligheid, Ministerie van Justitie en (24 July 2024). "Besluit van 17 juli 2024 tot vaststelling van het tijdstip van inwerkingtreding van de Wet van juli 2024 tot wijziging van de Overleveringswet, de Wet wederzijdse erkenning en tenuitvoerlegging vrijheidsbenemende en voorwaardelijke sancties en het Wetboek van Strafrecht ter herimplementatie van onderdelen van het kaderbesluit 2002/584/JBZ betreffende het Europees aanhoudingsbevel, van onderdelen van het kaderbesluit 2008/913/JBZ betreffende de bestrijding van bepaalde vormen en uitingen van racisme en vreemdelingenhaat, van onderdelen van de richtlijn (EU) 2013/48 betreffende het recht op toegang tot een advocaat in strafprocedures en in procedures ter uitvoering van een Europees aanhoudingsbevel en van onderdelen van de richtlijn (EU) 2017/1371 betreffende de strafrechtelijke bestrijding van fraude die de financiële belangen van de Unie schaadt (Wet herimplementatie Europees strafrecht) (Stb. 2024, 207)". Gelet op artikel IV van de Wet van juli 2024, tot wijziging van de Overleveringswet, de Wet wederzijdse erkenning en tenuitvoerlegging vrijheidsbenemende en voorwaardelijke sancties en het Wetboek van Strafrecht ter herimplementatie van onderdelen van het kaderbesluit 2002/584/JBZ betreffende het Europees aanhoudingsbevel, van onderdelen van het kaderbesluit 2008/913/JBZ betreffende de bestrijding van bepaalde vormen en uitingen van racisme en vreemdelingenhaat, van onderdelen van de richtlijn (EU) 2013/48 betreffende het recht op toegang tot een advocaat in strafprocedures en in procedures ter uitvoering van een Europees aanhoudingsbevel en van onderdelen van de richtlijn (EU) 2017/1371 betreffende de strafrechtelijke bestrijding van fraude die de financiële belangen van de Unie schaadt (Wet herimplementatie Europees strafrecht) (Stb. 2024, 207) (in Dutch). Retrieved 6 April 2025.

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"Jogsegélyt kínál a TASZ a Kuruc.info-nak". ORIGO. 15 January 2015.

parl.ca (Global: 7,073^rd place; English: 4,772^nd place)

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politics.hu (Global: low place; English: low place)

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preporod.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"PORICANJE GENOCIDA PROGLASITI KRIVIČNIM DJELOM, Prof. dr. Fikret Karcic, Preporod, 5.7.2007". Archived from the original on 19 September 2009.

rcinet.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

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rferl.org (Global: 737^th place; English: 605^th place)

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romania-insider.com (Global: 7,124^th place; English: 5,263^rd place)

Marica, Irina (5 February 2021). "Bucharest court rules first sentence for Holocaust denial in Romania". Romania Insider.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Cohen-Almagor, Raphael (1 January 2013). "Freedom of Expression v. Social Responsibility: Holocaust Denial in Canada". Journal of Mass Media Ethics. 28 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1080/08900523.2012.746119. ISSN 0890-0523. S2CID 144181623. SSRN 2214406.

sfgate.com (Global: 166^th place; English: 121^st place)

Black, Edwin. "Denial of Holocaust nothing new in Iran / Ties to Hitler led to plots against British and Jews"^{[dead link]}, San Francisco Chronicle, 8 January 2006.

spiegel.de (Global: 66^th place; English: 350^th place)

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ssrn.com (Global: 703^rd place; English: 501^st place)

papers.ssrn.com

Cohen-Almagor, Raphael (1 January 2013). "Freedom of Expression v. Social Responsibility: Holocaust Denial in Canada". Journal of Mass Media Ethics. 28 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1080/08900523.2012.746119. ISSN 0890-0523. S2CID 144181623. SSRN 2214406.

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 30^th place; English: 24^th place)

"Holocaust denier Fredrick Toben jailed in Australia". The Daily Telegraph. London. 14 August 2009. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
"Suspected Holocaust denier Dr Gerald Toben wins extradition fight". The Daily Telegraph. London. 29 October 2008. Retrieved 14 April 2008.

theage.com.au (Global: 412^th place; English: 266^th place)

"Racial Discrimination Act changes would allow Holocaust denial, says Shane Rattenbury". The Age. 5 May 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2016.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

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thejc.com (Global: 1,842^nd place; English: 1,079^th place)

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timesofisrael.com (Global: 571^st place; English: 403^rd place)

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tovima.gr (Global: 2,789^th place; English: 7,544^th place)

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"Tribunal Constitucional". Constitutional Court of Spain. 7 November 2007. Archived from the original on 20 January 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.

tripolipost.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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umn.edu (Global: 1,266^th place; English: 860^th place)

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unhchr.ch (Global: 9,860^th place; English: low place)

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web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

D D Guttenplan, Should Freedom of Speech Stop at Holocaust Denial? Archived 15 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Index of Free Expression, 2005.
Fogadatlan prókátorok – A gárdaítélet félreértelmezéseiről Archived 11 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Magyar Narancs, 23 July 2009
"Alkotmánybíróság - Kezdőlap" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 April 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
"Is There a New Anti-Semitism? A Conversation with Raul Hilberg". Logos. 6 (1–2). Winter–Spring 2007. Archived from the original on 7 June 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2012. I have come to the conclusion, not once but several times, that, as far as I am concerned, I do not agree with legislation that makes it illegal to utter pronouncements claiming that there was no Holocaust. I do not want to muzzle any of this because it is a sign of weakness not of strength when you try to shut somebody up.
Chomsky, Noam (28 February 1981). "His Right to Say It". The Nation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2012. [I]t is elementary that freedom of expression (including academic freedom) is not to be restricted to views of which one approves, and that it is precisely in the case of views that are almost universally despised and condemned that this right must be most vigorously defended.
Ben Collins (26 March 2014). "George Brandis: Holocaust Denial Would Not Become Legal Under My New Laws". Business Insider Australia. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
"PORICANJE GENOCIDA PROGLASITI KRIVIČNIM DJELOM, Prof. dr. Fikret Karcic, Preporod, 5.7.2007". Archived from the original on 19 September 2009.
"24sata.info - Stranka za BiH: Krivičnim zakonom BiH obuhvatiti genocid i holokaust". Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
Dzidic, Denis (27 January 2009). "Bosnia's Etnic Tensions Delay Holocaust Denial Law". Balkan Investigative Reporting Network. Archived from the original on 16 September 2009. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
Bazyler, Michael (2008–2009). "Holocaust Denial Laws and Other Legislation Criminalizing Promotion of Nazism" (PDF). ihgjlm.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
Libération, La loi contre la négation du génocide arménien est censurée [1] Archived 11 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine
President Sólyom signs Holocaust denial bill Archived 10 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine, politics.hu
"Liechtensteinisches Landesgesetzblatt" (in German). LLV Government Portal. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
"Dutch Liberal leader: Holocaust Denial should Not be Crime". tripolipost.com. 29 May 2009. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
* (in English) old Act of 18 December 1998 on the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation Archived 20 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Institute of National Remembrance. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- (in Polish)
- "ORDONANTA DE URGENTA nr. 31 din 13 martie 2002" (PDF) (in Romanian). Romanian Government Department for Interethnic Relations. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 November 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- "Tribunal Constitucional". Constitutional Court of Spain. 7 November 2007. Archived from the original on 20 January 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- Uni, Assaf (10 November 2007). "Spanish court rules out jail sentences for Holocaust denial". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2009.
- Joint action to combat racism and xenophobia Archived 11 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Europa.eu. 27 July 2005. Retrieved June 2007.
- "EU Justice Ministers agree on racism and xenophobia proposal". European Union @ United Nations. 19 April 2007. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 1 June 2009.
- "Le Pen Convicted for Racial Hatred", Associated Press, 2 June 1999. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
- Stalinsky, Steven. "The Influence of a Man Who Denies the Holocaust" Archived 23 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine New York Sun, 12 October 2006. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
- "Austrian Holocaust denier gets six-and-a-half years in prison" Archived 7 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine European Jewish Press, 14 January 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
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wetboek-online.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Wetboek van Strafrecht (Sr), Artikel 137c" (in Dutch). www.wetboek-online.nl. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
"Wetboek van Strafrecht (Sr), Artikel 137d" (in Dutch). www.wetboek-online.nl. Retrieved 31 May 2009.

wikipedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

de.wikipedia.org

Bohlander, Michael [in German] (1998), Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz: GERMAN CRIMINAL CODE [Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection: GERMAN CRIMINAL CODE], Federal Ministry of Justice, Germany, para. 130 sec. 1

ru.wikipedia.org

Mel Mermelstein v. Institute for Historical Review [ru] (1981), Superior Court of Los Angeles County .

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Cohen-Almagor, Raphael (1 January 2013). "Freedom of Expression v. Social Responsibility: Holocaust Denial in Canada". Journal of Mass Media Ethics. 28 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1080/08900523.2012.746119. ISSN 0890-0523. S2CID 144181623. SSRN 2214406.

worldjewishcongress.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Sweden's Parliament Approves Proposal to Outlaw Holocaust Denial and Distortion". World Jewish Congress. 22 May 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.

Legality of Holocaust denial (English Wikipedia)

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