Linen (English Wikipedia)

Kvavadze, Eliso; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Jakeli, Nino; Matskevich, Zinovi; Meshveliani, Tengiz (2009-09-11). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
McCorriston, Joy (1997). "Textile Extensification, Alienation, and Social Stratification in Ancient Mesopotamia". Current Anthropology. 38 (4): 517–535. Bibcode:1997CurrA..38..517M. doi:10.1086/204643. JSTOR 10.1086/204643. S2CID 154123464.
Kvavadze, E.; Bar-Yosef, O.; Belfer-Cohen, A.; Boaretto, E.; Jakeli, N.; Matskevich, Z.; Meshveliani, T. (2009). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
Plutarch (1940). Babbitt, Frank Cole (ed.). "Isis and Osiris". Nature. 146 (3695): 262. Bibcode:1940Natur.146U.262.. doi:10.1038/146262e0. S2CID 4092286. Retrieved 3 June 2020.

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Harris, Thaddeus Mason (1824). The natural history of the Bible; or, A description of all the quadrupeds, birds, fishes [&c.] mentioned in the Sacred scriptures. p. 135. Retrieved 23 October 2012.

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Lutton, S.C. "Background history of Linen from the flax in the field to finished linen cloth". Journal of Craigavon Historical Society. 8 (1). Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2020.

degruyter.com (Global: 927^th place; English: 757^th place)

Behera, B.K. (2007-03-01). "Comfort and Handle Behaviour of Linen-Blended Fabrics". AUTEX Research Journal. 7 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1515/aut-2007-070104. ISSN 2300-0929.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Kvavadze, Eliso; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Jakeli, Nino; Matskevich, Zinovi; Meshveliani, Tengiz (2009-09-11). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
McCorriston, Joy (1997). "Textile Extensification, Alienation, and Social Stratification in Ancient Mesopotamia". Current Anthropology. 38 (4): 517–535. Bibcode:1997CurrA..38..517M. doi:10.1086/204643. JSTOR 10.1086/204643. S2CID 154123464.
Balter, M. (2009). "Clothes Make the (Hu) Man". Science. 325 (5946): 1329. doi:10.1126/science.325_1329a. PMID 19745126.
Kvavadze, E.; Bar-Yosef, O.; Belfer-Cohen, A.; Boaretto, E.; Jakeli, N.; Matskevich, Z.; Meshveliani, T. (2009). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
Akin, Danny E. (30 December 2012). "Linen Most Useful: Perspectives on Structure, Chemistry, and Enzymes for Retting Flax". ISRN Biotechnology. 2013 186534. doi:10.5402/2013/186534. PMC 4403609. PMID 25969769.
Sukenik, Naama; Shamir, Orit (2011). "Qumran Textiles and the Garments of Qumran's Inhabitants". Dead Sea Discoveries. 18 (2): 206–225. doi:10.1163/156851711x570427. ISSN 0929-0761.
Plutarch (1940). Babbitt, Frank Cole (ed.). "Isis and Osiris". Nature. 146 (3695): 262. Bibcode:1940Natur.146U.262.. doi:10.1038/146262e0. S2CID 4092286. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
Robkin, A.L.H. (1 January 1979). "The Agricultural Year, the Commodity SA and the Linen Industry of Mycenaean Pylos". American Journal of Archaeology. 83 (4): 469–474. doi:10.2307/504148. JSTOR 504148.
Collins, Brenda (1998). "Linen in Europe Conference 16–19 April 1998 Irish Linen Centre & Lisburn Museum". Irish Economic and Social History. 25: 96–99. doi:10.1177/033248939802500109. JSTOR 24341023. S2CID 164245290.
Takei, Akihiro (1994). "The First Irish Linen Mills, 1800–1824". Irish Economic and Social History. 21: 28–38. doi:10.1177/033248939402100102. JSTOR 24341383. S2CID 199275871.
Belfanti, Marco (2006). "Reviewed Work: The European Linen Industry in Historical Perspective by Brenda Collins, Philip Ollerenshaw". Technology and Culture. 47 (1): 193–195. doi:10.1353/tech.2006.0056. JSTOR 40061028. S2CID 108825085.
Behera, B.K. (2007-03-01). "Comfort and Handle Behaviour of Linen-Blended Fabrics". AUTEX Research Journal. 7 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1515/aut-2007-070104. ISSN 2300-0929.
Textiles and the Medieval Economy: Production, Trade, and Consumption of Textiles, 8th–16th Centuries. Vol. 16. Oxbow Books. 2015. doi:10.2307/j.ctvh1dm0t. ISBN 978-1-78925-209-5. JSTOR j.ctvh1dm0t.
Ruan, Pifu; Tang, Sheng (2022). "A Review on Flax and Hemp Retting: Current Status and Future Perspectives". Plants. 11 (19). MDPI: 2596. doi:10.3390/plants11192596. PMC 9572697. PMID 36235461.

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

Harper, Douglas. "line". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2018-01-26. Retrieved 2018-01-25.
Harper, Douglas. "lingerie (n.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 22 May 2020.

fao.org (Global: 428^th place; English: 480^th place)

"Profiles of 15 of the world's major plant and animal fibres". International Year of Natural Fibres 2009. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.

gale.com (Global: 914^th place; English: 441^st place)

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Keegan, Tracy A. (1996). "Flaxen fantasy: the history of linen". Colonial Homes. 22 (4): 62+. Retrieved 4 June 2020.

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Game and Entertain. "Complete Guide to Pool Cue Wraps: Everything You Need to Know". Game and Entertain. Retrieved 2024-02-01.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Warden, Alex. J. (1867). The linen trade, ancient and modern (2nd ed.). Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green. p. 214. hdl:2027/hvd.32044019641166.

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"Spinning in Colonial America". Historic Hudson Valley. March 11, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2020.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

McCorriston, Joy (1997). "Textile Extensification, Alienation, and Social Stratification in Ancient Mesopotamia". Current Anthropology. 38 (4): 517–535. Bibcode:1997CurrA..38..517M. doi:10.1086/204643. JSTOR 10.1086/204643. S2CID 154123464.
Kramer, Samuel Noah (20 December 1963). "Cuneiform Studies and the History of Literature: The Sumerian Sacred Marriage Texts". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 107 (6): 504–505. JSTOR 986108.
Robkin, A.L.H. (1 January 1979). "The Agricultural Year, the Commodity SA and the Linen Industry of Mycenaean Pylos". American Journal of Archaeology. 83 (4): 469–474. doi:10.2307/504148. JSTOR 504148.
Keller, Kenneth W. (1990). "From the Rhineland to the Virginia Frontier: Flax Production as a Commercial Enterprise". The Virginia Backcountry. 98 (3): 488. JSTOR 4249165.
Collins, Brenda (1998). "Linen in Europe Conference 16–19 April 1998 Irish Linen Centre & Lisburn Museum". Irish Economic and Social History. 25: 96–99. doi:10.1177/033248939802500109. JSTOR 24341023. S2CID 164245290.
Pollen, John Hungerford (1914). "Ancient Linen Garments". The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs. 25 (136): 231–237. JSTOR 859719.
Takei, Akihiro (1994). "The First Irish Linen Mills, 1800–1824". Irish Economic and Social History. 21: 28–38. doi:10.1177/033248939402100102. JSTOR 24341383. S2CID 199275871.
Belfanti, Marco (2006). "Reviewed Work: The European Linen Industry in Historical Perspective by Brenda Collins, Philip Ollerenshaw". Technology and Culture. 47 (1): 193–195. doi:10.1353/tech.2006.0056. JSTOR 40061028. S2CID 108825085.
Wyatt, Steve M. (1994). "Flax and Linen: An Uncertain Oregon Industry". Oregon Historical Quarterly. 95 (2): 150–175. JSTOR 20614577.
Textiles and the Medieval Economy: Production, Trade, and Consumption of Textiles, 8th–16th Centuries. Vol. 16. Oxbow Books. 2015. doi:10.2307/j.ctvh1dm0t. ISBN 978-1-78925-209-5. JSTOR j.ctvh1dm0t.

lexico.com (Global: 2,946^th place; English: 2,042^nd place)

"linen". Lexico.com. Oxford. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.

lisburnmuseum.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Flax to Fabric: The Story of Irish Linen". Irish Linen Centre & Lisburn Museum. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 5 June 2020.

lu.se (Global: 3,613^th place; English: 3,893^rd place)

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Flax and Linen Textiles in the Mycenaean palatial economy Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine

masterclass.com (Global: low place; English: 7,331^st place)

"What Is Cotton and What Is Linen? Cotton vs. Linen Fabrics". MasterClass. 2021-08-12.
"What Is Linen? Everything You Need to Know About Using and Caring for Linen". MasterClass. Retrieved 4 June 2020.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 425^th place; English: 373^rd place)

"Definition of LINGERIE". www.merriam-webster.com. 2026-07-08. Retrieved 2026-07-12.

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"Just add water". Miami Herald. 5 June 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2020.

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nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kvavadze, Eliso; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Jakeli, Nino; Matskevich, Zinovi; Meshveliani, Tengiz (2009-09-11). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
Balter, M. (2009). "Clothes Make the (Hu) Man". Science. 325 (5946): 1329. doi:10.1126/science.325_1329a. PMID 19745126.
Kvavadze, E.; Bar-Yosef, O.; Belfer-Cohen, A.; Boaretto, E.; Jakeli, N.; Matskevich, Z.; Meshveliani, T. (2009). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
Akin, Danny E. (30 December 2012). "Linen Most Useful: Perspectives on Structure, Chemistry, and Enzymes for Retting Flax". ISRN Biotechnology. 2013 186534. doi:10.5402/2013/186534. PMC 4403609. PMID 25969769.
Ruan, Pifu; Tang, Sheng (2022). "A Review on Flax and Hemp Retting: Current Status and Future Perspectives". Plants. 11 (19). MDPI: 2596. doi:10.3390/plants11192596. PMC 9572697. PMID 36235461.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Akin, Danny E. (30 December 2012). "Linen Most Useful: Perspectives on Structure, Chemistry, and Enzymes for Retting Flax". ISRN Biotechnology. 2013 186534. doi:10.5402/2013/186534. PMC 4403609. PMID 25969769.
Ruan, Pifu; Tang, Sheng (2022). "A Review on Flax and Hemp Retting: Current Status and Future Perspectives". Plants. 11 (19). MDPI: 2596. doi:10.3390/plants11192596. PMC 9572697. PMID 36235461.

nrs.harvard.edu (Global: 9,134^th place; English: 5,112^th place)

Kvavadze, E.; Bar-Yosef, O.; Belfer-Cohen, A.; Boaretto, E.; Jakeli, N.; Matskevich, Z.; Meshveliani, T. (2009). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

"Finding the Right Linen Blend for You". The New York Times. 2026-06-12. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-07-12.

oecotextiles.blog (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Linen". OEcotextiles. 2010-06-30. Retrieved 2026-03-16.

reference.com (Global: 1,491^st place; English: 1,468^th place)

dictionary.reference.com

lining. Dictionary.com. Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper, Historian. "Lining | Define Lining at Dictionary.com". Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-10-04. (accessed: October 3, 2014).

science.org (Global: 1,007^th place; English: 665^th place)

Kvavadze, Eliso; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Jakeli, Nino; Matskevich, Zinovi; Meshveliani, Tengiz (2009-09-11). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.

scribd.com (Global: 467^th place; English: 428^th place)

Çatalhöyük 2013 Archive Report. Scribd.com (Report).

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Kvavadze, Eliso; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Jakeli, Nino; Matskevich, Zinovi; Meshveliani, Tengiz (2009-09-11). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
McCorriston, Joy (1997). "Textile Extensification, Alienation, and Social Stratification in Ancient Mesopotamia". Current Anthropology. 38 (4): 517–535. Bibcode:1997CurrA..38..517M. doi:10.1086/204643. JSTOR 10.1086/204643. S2CID 154123464.
Kvavadze, E.; Bar-Yosef, O.; Belfer-Cohen, A.; Boaretto, E.; Jakeli, N.; Matskevich, Z.; Meshveliani, T. (2009). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
Plutarch (1940). Babbitt, Frank Cole (ed.). "Isis and Osiris". Nature. 146 (3695): 262. Bibcode:1940Natur.146U.262.. doi:10.1038/146262e0. S2CID 4092286. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
Collins, Brenda (1998). "Linen in Europe Conference 16–19 April 1998 Irish Linen Centre & Lisburn Museum". Irish Economic and Social History. 25: 96–99. doi:10.1177/033248939802500109. JSTOR 24341023. S2CID 164245290.
Takei, Akihiro (1994). "The First Irish Linen Mills, 1800–1824". Irish Economic and Social History. 21: 28–38. doi:10.1177/033248939402100102. JSTOR 24341383. S2CID 199275871.
Belfanti, Marco (2006). "Reviewed Work: The European Linen Industry in Historical Perspective by Brenda Collins, Philip Ollerenshaw". Technology and Culture. 47 (1): 193–195. doi:10.1353/tech.2006.0056. JSTOR 40061028. S2CID 108825085.

textileschool.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hakoo, Ashok (2018-03-28). "Characteristics of Flax/Linen Fiber". TextileSchool.com. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
Hakoo, Ashok (28 March 2018). "Linen Fiber and Linen Fabrics from the Flax Plants". TextileSchool. Retrieved 15 May 2020.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Tonti, Lucianne (2023-03-13). "Don't want no slubs? How to pick high-quality natural fibres". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2026-07-12.

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

Plutarch (1940). Babbitt, Frank Cole (ed.). "Isis and Osiris". Nature. 146 (3695): 262. Bibcode:1940Natur.146U.262.. doi:10.1038/146262e0. S2CID 4092286. Retrieved 3 June 2020.

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

comtrade.un.org

"5309 - Woven fabrics of flax". UN Comtrade Database. Archived from the original on 28 March 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2020.

voguebusiness.com (Global: low place; English: 8,830^th place)

Arnett, George (29 November 2019). "How quickly do fashion materials biodegrade?". Vogue Business. Conde Nast. Retrieved 27 May 2020.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"linen". Lexico.com. Oxford. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
Harper, Douglas. "line". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2018-01-26. Retrieved 2018-01-25.
Flax and Linen Textiles in the Mycenaean palatial economy Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
"Flax to Fabric: The Story of Irish Linen". Irish Linen Centre & Lisburn Museum. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
Lutton, S.C. "Background history of Linen from the flax in the field to finished linen cloth". Journal of Craigavon Historical Society. 8 (1). Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
"Profiles of 15 of the world's major plant and animal fibres". International Year of Natural Fibres 2009. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
lining. Dictionary.com. Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper, Historian. "Lining | Define Lining at Dictionary.com". Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-10-04. (accessed: October 3, 2014).
"5309 - Woven fabrics of flax". UN Comtrade Database. Archived from the original on 28 March 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2020.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

"Finding the Right Linen Blend for You". The New York Times. 2026-06-12. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
Tonti, Lucianne (2023-03-13). "Don't want no slubs? How to pick high-quality natural fibres". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
Kvavadze, Eliso; Bar-Yosef, Ofer; Belfer-Cohen, Anna; Boaretto, Elisabetta; Jakeli, Nino; Matskevich, Zinovi; Meshveliani, Tengiz (2009-09-11). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science. 325 (5946): 1359. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1359K. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19745144. S2CID 206520793.
Sukenik, Naama; Shamir, Orit (2011). "Qumran Textiles and the Garments of Qumran's Inhabitants". Dead Sea Discoveries. 18 (2): 206–225. doi:10.1163/156851711x570427. ISSN 0929-0761.
Lobell, Jarretta (2016). "Dressing for the Ages". Archeology. 69 (3): 9. ISSN 0003-8113.
Behera, B.K. (2007-03-01). "Comfort and Handle Behaviour of Linen-Blended Fabrics". AUTEX Research Journal. 7 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1515/aut-2007-070104. ISSN 2300-0929.

Linen (English Wikipedia)

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