Werner Eck and Andreas Pangerl had previously reconstructed the gentilicium of this otherwise unknown person as "Accena", but a more recently discovered military diploma proved this is his correct name. Eck and Pangerl, "Eine Konstitution für das Herr von Moesia Inferior vom 1. Juni 125 in fünf Diplomen", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 188 (2014), pp. 245–249
Attested in a military diploma dated 19 November 150. Another source, dated 2 October, appears to indicate P. Julius Nauto instead, but Tomlin and Pearce note that his name is poorly inscribed and argue it was probably an incorrect transcription of Julianus's name. If Nauto and Julianus are different individuals, the former will have died by 19 November. Roger S. O. Tomlin, John Pearce, "A Roman Military Diploma for the German Fleet (19 November 150) Found in Northern Britain", ZPE 206 (2018), pp. 207–216.
Chronicon Paschale. Translated by Michael Whitby & Mary Whitby, 1989. Liverpool University Press, p. 142. "Maurice’s second consulship: perhaps to be connected with the twentieth anniversary of Maurice’s accession, it was probably a further attempt to boost his popularity". The consulship began on the 6th July.
Cooley 2012, p. 465, has in this spot M. Annius Messalla and C. Fisius Sabinus, but Eck 2009, p. 254, places them in 84. Clemens and Honoratus are dated to 85 in Cooley, but Eck moved to that position L. Aelius Oculatus and Q. Gavius Atticus, whom Gallivan 1981, pp. 188, 196, 213, had originally assigned to 73. Cooley, Alison E. (2012). "Consular fasti, 298 BC – AD 541". The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy. CUP. ISBN978-0-521-84026-2. Eck, Werner (2009). "Vespasian und die senatorische Führungsschicht des Reiches". In Luigi Capogrossi Colognesi & Elena Tassi Scandone (eds.). La Lex de imperio Vespasiani e la Roma dei Flavi. Rome: L'Erma di Bretschneider. pp. 231–257. ISBN978-88-8265-526-6. Gallivan, Paul A. (1981). "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96". The Classical Quarterly. 31 (1): 186–220. doi:10.1017/S0009838800021194. S2CID171027163.
Kaegi, Walter Emil (2003). Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 40–41. ISBN0-521-81459-6. Heraclius and his father were proclaimed consuls during their revolt against Phocas, who was still technically the "official" consul. They used consular titles in their coinage until the end of the revolt.
The Acts of the Second Council of Nicaea (787). Translated by Price, Richard. Liverpool University Press. 2020. pp. 98. "in the reign of our most pious and Christ-loving masters Constantine and Eirene his divinely crowned mother, in the eighth year of their consulship, eight days before the Kalends of October in the eleventh indiction [24 September 787]". ISBN978-1-78962-157-0.
dmgh.de
MGH (1892) Epp. 3 p. 314, 316. Constantine V and Artabasdos were rival emperors between 741 and 743. Both emperors assumed the consulship in 742, but neither recognized the other as consul.
These consuls were said to be absent from the annals, but named in the linen rolls and in a treaty with Ardea. In another tradition, they became Rome's first pair of censors the following year. Authorities have variously eliminated either the consuls or the consular tribunes, attempted to fit both into 444 BC, or assigned the colleges to consecutive years. Frier 1975, pp. 79–80, 89–90. Frier, Bruce Woodward (1975). "Licinius Macer and the consules suffecti of 444 B. C.". Transactions of the American Philological Association. 105: 79–97. doi:10.2307/283935. JSTOR283935.
Either Thermus's election was invalidated or he is identical to Figulus, having changed his name by adoption. E.W. Gray, "The Consular Elections held in 65 B.C.", Antichthon 13 (1979), pp. 56–65, doi:10.1017/S0066477400002665.
First proposed by Hans-Georg Pflaum, and accepted by Ladislaus Vidman (Fasti Ostienses, 2nd edition, p. 68); Cooley offers as a possible alternative A. Didius Gallus although she also puts him in the last nundinium of 39. Gallivan 1979, p. 66. Gallivan, Paul A. (1979). "The Fasti for the Reign of Gaius". Antichthon. 13: 66–69. doi:10.1017/S0066477400002677. S2CID148518682.
Hammond 1957. Hammond, Mason (1957). "Imperial Elements in the Formula of the Roman Emperors during the First Two and a Half Centuries of the Empire". Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome. 25: 19–64. doi:10.2307/4238646. JSTOR4238646.
Gallivan 1981, pp. 206, 219, dated this pair to 71 or 72, but the available slot for 71 in Eck 2009, p. 251, is filled, so they are placed here. Eck has the year 72 but with a question mark. Gallivan, Paul A. (1981). "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96". The Classical Quarterly. 31 (1): 186–220. doi:10.1017/S0009838800021194. S2CID171027163. Eck, Werner (2009). "Vespasian und die senatorische Führungsschicht des Reiches". In Luigi Capogrossi Colognesi & Elena Tassi Scandone (eds.). La Lex de imperio Vespasiani e la Roma dei Flavi. Rome: L'Erma di Bretschneider. pp. 231–257. ISBN978-88-8265-526-6.
Cooley 2012, p. 465, has in this spot M. Annius Messalla and C. Fisius Sabinus, but Eck 2009, p. 254, places them in 84. Clemens and Honoratus are dated to 85 in Cooley, but Eck moved to that position L. Aelius Oculatus and Q. Gavius Atticus, whom Gallivan 1981, pp. 188, 196, 213, had originally assigned to 73. Cooley, Alison E. (2012). "Consular fasti, 298 BC – AD 541". The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy. CUP. ISBN978-0-521-84026-2. Eck, Werner (2009). "Vespasian und die senatorische Führungsschicht des Reiches". In Luigi Capogrossi Colognesi & Elena Tassi Scandone (eds.). La Lex de imperio Vespasiani e la Roma dei Flavi. Rome: L'Erma di Bretschneider. pp. 231–257. ISBN978-88-8265-526-6. Gallivan, Paul A. (1981). "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96". The Classical Quarterly. 31 (1): 186–220. doi:10.1017/S0009838800021194. S2CID171027163.
Thompson, Margaret (1940). "The American Excavations in the Athenian Agora: Eighteenth Report (Jul. – Sep., 1940): Some Unpublished Bronze Money of the Early Eighth Century". Hesperia. 9 (3): 358–380. doi:10.2307/146483. JSTOR146483.
The praenomen Marcus is attested by an inscription dated 1 September. (AE1998, 1727)
Attested in a military diploma dated 19 November 150. Another source, dated 2 October, appears to indicate P. Julius Nauto instead, but Tomlin and Pearce note that his name is poorly inscribed and argue it was probably an incorrect transcription of Julianus's name. If Nauto and Julianus are different individuals, the former will have died by 19 November. Roger S. O. Tomlin, John Pearce, "A Roman Military Diploma for the German Fleet (19 November 150) Found in Northern Britain", ZPE 206 (2018), pp. 207–216.
CILVI, 2100 reads ..]vo or (nominative) ...]vus for Rufus' colleague. This is the most frequent restoration.
Taylor & Broughton 1968, pp. 3–14. Taylor, Lily Ross & Broughton, T. Robert S. (1968). "The Order of the Consuls' Names in Official Republican Lists". Historia. 17 (2): 166–172. JSTOR4435023.
Taylor & Broughton 1968, p. 166. Taylor, Lily Ross & Broughton, T. Robert S. (1968). "The Order of the Consuls' Names in Official Republican Lists". Historia. 17 (2): 166–172. JSTOR4435023.
These consuls were said to be absent from the annals, but named in the linen rolls and in a treaty with Ardea. In another tradition, they became Rome's first pair of censors the following year. Authorities have variously eliminated either the consuls or the consular tribunes, attempted to fit both into 444 BC, or assigned the colleges to consecutive years. Frier 1975, pp. 79–80, 89–90. Frier, Bruce Woodward (1975). "Licinius Macer and the consules suffecti of 444 B. C.". Transactions of the American Philological Association. 105: 79–97. doi:10.2307/283935. JSTOR283935.
Tansey 2018, pp. 209, 212, 237. Tansey, Patrick (2018). "Notabilia varia in the fasti of Alba Fucens". Studi Classici e Orientali. 64: 199–270. ISSN0081-6124. JSTOR26495463.
Tansey 2018, pp. 238 (note 72), 243 (note 102). Tansey, Patrick (2018). "Notabilia varia in the fasti of Alba Fucens". Studi Classici e Orientali. 64: 199–270. ISSN0081-6124. JSTOR26495463.
Phillips 1997, p. 106. Phillips, Darryl A. (1997). "The Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus and the Election of Suffect Consuls under Augustus". Historia. 46 (1): 103–112. JSTOR4436453.
Augustus was apparently intended to be the colleague of Saturninus, but never took office. Saturninus held office alone until Vespillo and Vinicius succeeded him after 1 August and by 12 October. Phillips 1997, p. 107. Phillips, Darryl A. (1997). "The Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus and the Election of Suffect Consuls under Augustus". Historia. 46 (1): 103–112. JSTOR4436453.
Phillips 1997, p. 107. Phillips, Darryl A. (1997). "The Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus and the Election of Suffect Consuls under Augustus". Historia. 46 (1): 103–112. JSTOR4436453.
Phillips 1997, pp. 107–108. Phillips, Darryl A. (1997). "The Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus and the Election of Suffect Consuls under Augustus". Historia. 46 (1): 103–112. JSTOR4436453.
Phillips 1997, p. 108. Phillips, Darryl A. (1997). "The Conspiracy of Egnatius Rufus and the Election of Suffect Consuls under Augustus". Historia. 46 (1): 103–112. JSTOR4436453.
Hammond 1957. Hammond, Mason (1957). "Imperial Elements in the Formula of the Roman Emperors during the First Two and a Half Centuries of the Empire". Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome. 25: 19–64. doi:10.2307/4238646. JSTOR4238646.
Syme first proposed the identification of this consul with M. Raecius Gallus ("Pliny the Procurator", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 73 (1969), pp. 201–236 [p. 229]). However, he later concluded that Publius Glitius Gallus "is on every count a better candidate" than Raecius ("P. Calvisius Ruso. One Person or Two?", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 56 (1984), pp. 173-192 [p. 175]).
As proposed by Syme, "People in Pliny", Journal of Roman Studies, 58 (1968), pp. 139f
Fasti ostienses reads ...] Rufu[s]; Attilo Degrassi and Vidman restore this name as "L. Acilius Rufus", while Ronald Syme restores it as "M. Acilius Rufus" (Syme, "Superior Suffect Consuls", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 58 (1985), pp. 239-242)
From 325 onwards, almost all consuls appear in sources with the nomen "Flavius". However, the name was only used in consular papyri and letters, appearing as either "Fl" or "Fll". Because it was often used as a courtesy title rather than personal name, "Flavius" will be omitted in the following entries, unless it's referring to direct members of the Constantinian dynasty. Cameron, Alan (1988). "Flavius: a Nicety of Protocol". Latomus. 47 (1): 26–33. JSTOR41540754.
Saylor Rodgers, Barbara (First Quarter 1981). "Merobaudes and Maximus in Gaul". Historia. 30 (1): 97–105. JSTOR4435744. Based on ICVR 1.370 and Panegyrici Latini 2(12).28.4. But cf. Bagnall et al. 1987, Consuls of the Later Roman Empire, p. 651.
Thompson, Margaret (1940). "The American Excavations in the Athenian Agora: Eighteenth Report (Jul. – Sep., 1940): Some Unpublished Bronze Money of the Early Eighth Century". Hesperia. 9 (3): 358–380. doi:10.2307/146483. JSTOR146483.
Ancient sources disagree on whether Claudius and Genucius became decemvirs while consuls-elect or if they assumed the consulship and abdicated. Ridley 1980, p. 271. Ridley, R.T. (1980). "Fastenkritik: a Stocktaking". Athenaeum. 58. University of Pavia: 264–298. ISSN0004-6574. ProQuest1300412802.
Ancient sources disagree on whether Claudius and Genucius became decemvirs while consuls-elect or if they assumed the consulship and abdicated. Ridley 1980, p. 271. Ridley, R.T. (1980). "Fastenkritik: a Stocktaking". Athenaeum. 58. University of Pavia: 264–298. ISSN0004-6574. ProQuest1300412802.
First proposed by Hans-Georg Pflaum, and accepted by Ladislaus Vidman (Fasti Ostienses, 2nd edition, p. 68); Cooley offers as a possible alternative A. Didius Gallus although she also puts him in the last nundinium of 39. Gallivan 1979, p. 66. Gallivan, Paul A. (1979). "The Fasti for the Reign of Gaius". Antichthon. 13: 66–69. doi:10.1017/S0066477400002677. S2CID148518682.
Gallivan 1981, pp. 206, 219, dated this pair to 71 or 72, but the available slot for 71 in Eck 2009, p. 251, is filled, so they are placed here. Eck has the year 72 but with a question mark. Gallivan, Paul A. (1981). "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96". The Classical Quarterly. 31 (1): 186–220. doi:10.1017/S0009838800021194. S2CID171027163. Eck, Werner (2009). "Vespasian und die senatorische Führungsschicht des Reiches". In Luigi Capogrossi Colognesi & Elena Tassi Scandone (eds.). La Lex de imperio Vespasiani e la Roma dei Flavi. Rome: L'Erma di Bretschneider. pp. 231–257. ISBN978-88-8265-526-6.
Cooley 2012, p. 465, has in this spot M. Annius Messalla and C. Fisius Sabinus, but Eck 2009, p. 254, places them in 84. Clemens and Honoratus are dated to 85 in Cooley, but Eck moved to that position L. Aelius Oculatus and Q. Gavius Atticus, whom Gallivan 1981, pp. 188, 196, 213, had originally assigned to 73. Cooley, Alison E. (2012). "Consular fasti, 298 BC – AD 541". The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy. CUP. ISBN978-0-521-84026-2. Eck, Werner (2009). "Vespasian und die senatorische Führungsschicht des Reiches". In Luigi Capogrossi Colognesi & Elena Tassi Scandone (eds.). La Lex de imperio Vespasiani e la Roma dei Flavi. Rome: L'Erma di Bretschneider. pp. 231–257. ISBN978-88-8265-526-6. Gallivan, Paul A. (1981). "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96". The Classical Quarterly. 31 (1): 186–220. doi:10.1017/S0009838800021194. S2CID171027163.
This is the name Trajan adopted following Nerva's death on 27 January. Trajan's name following his adoption in AD 97 was "M. Ulpius Nerva Trajanus"; he was named Caesar shortly after (Dio; 68.3–4), but the exact formula he adopted is not known.[117]
Livy (2.15.1), against other sources, names P. Lucretius and P. Valerius Poplicola III. P. Lucretius may have been corrupted from Larcius, or perhaps inserted due to confusion with T. Lucretius, Poplicola's colleague in 508 and 504 BC. Broughton 1951, pp. 6–7. Broughton, Thomas R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic: 509–31 BC. Philological Monograph No. 15. Vol. 1. APA.
Another tradition omits Cornelius and has Manlius and Sulpicius holding office as consuls. On the other hand, Licinius Macer (Livy 4.23.1–3) states that the consuls of 435, Julius and Verginius, continued in office this year. Of the three possibilities, the latter is held to be the least likely. Broughton 1951, pp. 61–62. Ogilvie 1965, p. 571. Broughton, Thomas R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic: 509–31 BC. Philological Monograph No. 15. Vol. 1. APA. Ogilvie, R.M. (1965). A Commentary on Livy, Books 1–5. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
These are the nine consular tribunes the Fasti Capitolini lists for this year. Livy names only six (omitting C. Sulpicius Peticus, L. Aemilius Mamercinus, and Ti. Papirius Crassus), and Diodorus Siculus eight (omitting L. Papirius Mugillanus). Broughton notes, "Clearly Fast. Cap. has the most seriously interpolated tradition."Broughton 1951, p. 106, n.1 Broughton, Thomas R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic: 509–31 BC. Philological Monograph No. 15. Vol. 1. APA.
Livy (2.15.1), against other sources, names P. Lucretius and P. Valerius Poplicola III. P. Lucretius may have been corrupted from Larcius, or perhaps inserted due to confusion with T. Lucretius, Poplicola's colleague in 508 and 504 BC. Broughton 1951, pp. 6–7. Broughton, Thomas R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic: 509–31 BC. Philological Monograph No. 15. Vol. 1. APA.
Livy (2.54.3) suggests Opiter Verginius as an alternative to Vopiscus Julius, but this may be a confusion with the year 478, when the other consul was also L. Aemilius. Ogilvie 1965, p. 371. Ogilvie, R.M. (1965). A Commentary on Livy, Books 1–5. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Another tradition omits Cornelius and has Manlius and Sulpicius holding office as consuls. On the other hand, Licinius Macer (Livy 4.23.1–3) states that the consuls of 435, Julius and Verginius, continued in office this year. Of the three possibilities, the latter is held to be the least likely. Broughton 1951, pp. 61–62. Ogilvie 1965, p. 571. Broughton, Thomas R. S. (1951). The Magistrates of the Roman Republic: 509–31 BC. Philological Monograph No. 15. Vol. 1. APA. Ogilvie, R.M. (1965). A Commentary on Livy, Books 1–5. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Livy (4.52.4) has here Papirius Atratinus, following Licinius Macer who attributed this reading to the linen rolls. Other sources show it was Papirius Mugillanus. The surname Atratinus was only used by the Sempronii, and so the college of 411 may have been three consular tribunes, Papirius, Sempronius and Nautius. Ogilvie 1965, pp. 613–614. Ogilvie, R.M. (1965). A Commentary on Livy, Books 1–5. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Ancient sources disagree on whether Claudius and Genucius became decemvirs while consuls-elect or if they assumed the consulship and abdicated. Ridley 1980, p. 271. Ridley, R.T. (1980). "Fastenkritik: a Stocktaking". Athenaeum. 58. University of Pavia: 264–298. ISSN0004-6574. ProQuest1300412802.
Tansey 2018, pp. 209, 212, 237. Tansey, Patrick (2018). "Notabilia varia in the fasti of Alba Fucens". Studi Classici e Orientali. 64: 199–270. ISSN0081-6124. JSTOR26495463.
Tansey 2018, pp. 238 (note 72), 243 (note 102). Tansey, Patrick (2018). "Notabilia varia in the fasti of Alba Fucens". Studi Classici e Orientali. 64: 199–270. ISSN0081-6124. JSTOR26495463.