List of current monarchs of sovereign states (English Wikipedia)

Government of Sweden (19 September 1973). "Kungl Maj:ts kungörelse (1973:702)". Department of Justice. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2010.

abc.net.au

Agence France-Presse (20 November 2005). "Prince Albert's Monaco enthronement complete". ABC News Online. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

apnews.com

"Malaysia picks powerful ruler of Johor state as country's new king under rotation system". AP News. 27 October 2023.

arabnews.com

"New Kuwait Emir Sheikh Mishal pledges to be a 'loyal citizen' for nation, people". Arab News. 20 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.

archive.org

Shawcross, William (1994). Cambodia's new deal: a report. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-87003-051-2.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Staff writer (15 December 2006). "Bhutanese king steps down early". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
Staff writers (24 July 1999). "Mohammed VI takes Moroccan throne". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
Laurenson, John (11 March 2006). "The most powerful man in Morocco". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 15 November 2011.

bbc.com

"Naruhito: Japan's emperor proclaims enthronement in ancient ceremony". BBC News. 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
"Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah dies". BBC News. 23 January 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
"Thai Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn proclaimed king". BBC News. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
"Thailand's King Vajiralongkorn crowned". BBC News. 4 May 2019. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
"Thai king coronation: Sacred water, royal regalia and a housewarming party". BBC News. 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
"Argentina's Jorge Mario Bergoglio elected Pope". BBC News. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2013.

belgium.be

"The Belgian Monarchy" (PDF). Government of Belgium, Chancellery of the Prime Minister. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

books.google.com

Herb, Michael (1999). All in the family: absolutism, revolution, and democracy in the Middle East. New York: SUNY Press. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-7914-4168-8.
Spellman, W. M. (2001). Monarchies 1000–2000. London: Reaktion Books. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-1-86189-087-0.
Harris, Nathanial (2009). Systems of Government: Monarchy. London: Evans Brothers. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-237-53932-0.
Merriam-Webster's manual for writers and editors. Springfield, United States: Merriam-Webster, Inc. 1998. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-87779-622-0.
Alghanim, Salwa (1998). The reign of Mubarak al-Sabah: Shaikh of Kuwait, 1896–1915. I.B.Tauris. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-86064-350-7.
Nyrop, Richard F (2008). Area Handbook for the Persian Gulf States. Wildside Press LLC. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-4344-6210-7.
Cordesman, Anthony H (2009). Saudi Arabia: national security in a troubled region. ABC-CLIO. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-313-38076-1. "In October 2006, King Abdullah issued a new succession law that amended the 1992 Basic Law and formalized the process by creating the Allegiance Commission. The new law both defines how a king will choose among possible candidates and provides a formal way for developing a consensus to choose the king's successor. The Allegiance Commission will select a king and crown prince upon the death or incapacitation of either. This commission expands the role of the ruling family in the selection process. ... It is composed of some 35 sons and grandsons of the late founder of the Kingdom, Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, who will vote in secret ballots on who could and could not be eligible to be future kings and crown princes."

cambodianembassy.org.uk

Government of Cambodia. "The Monarchy". Royal Embassy of Cambodia in the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2011.

casareal.es

The Royal Household of His Majesty the King. "His Majesty the King Juan Carlos". The Royal Household of His Majesty the King. Retrieved 3 June 2014.

collinsdictionary.com

"Monarch". CollinsDictionary.com. Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
"Regent". CollinsDictionary.com. Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved 22 September 2012.

com.kh

camnet.com.kh

Chandara, L., Samean, Y., Vachonn, M., Plaut, E., Botumroath, L. and Soenthrith, S. (October 2004). "King Norodom Sihamoni's coronation: a special supplement to the Cambodia Daily". The Cambodia Daily. Archived from the original on 4 April 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

diwan.gov.qa

Government of Qatar. "H.H. The Amir's Biography". Amiri Diwan. Retrieved 18 February 2018.

doi.org

Rubin, N.N. (28 July 2009). "The Swazi Law of Succession: A Restatement". Journal of African Law. 9 (2). Cambridge University Press: 90–113. doi:10.1017/S0021855300001108. S2CID 143385608.

emb-japan.go.jp

pk.emb-japan.go.jp

Embassy of Japan in Pakistan (7 December 2007). "National Day of Japan to be celebrated" (Press release). Government of Japan. Archived from the original on 3 January 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

fortune.my

"Malaysian Monarchy System". Fortune.my. 29 June 2011. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012.

fuerstenhaus.li

"Prince Hans-Adam II". Das Furstenhaus von Liechtenstein. Princely House of Liechtenstein. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023.

go.com

abcnews.go.com

Sector, Charlotte (6 April 2005). "Playboy Prince Fulfills His Destiny". ABC News. ABC News Internet Ventures. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

gouvernement.lu

Government of Luxembourg. "Grand Duke Henri". Press and Information Service. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

govern.ad

Government of Andorra (23 December 2009). "Recepció de Nadal del copríncep episcopal Joan-Enric Vives". Portal web del Govern d’Andorra (in Catalan). Government of Andorra. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

grimaldi.org

"The House of Grimaldi". Infinite Public Relations. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

khaosodenglish.com

Charuvastra, Teeranai (29 November 2016). "Prince Vajiralongkorn Proclaimed King Rama X". Khao Sod. Bangkok. Retrieved 29 November 2016.

kingabdullah.jo

Government of Jordan. "His Majesty King Abdullah II". Abdullah II Official Website. The Royal Hashemite Court. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

kinghussein.gov.jo

Government of Jordan. "The Hashemites: Introduction". Office of King Hussein I. The Royal Hashemite Court. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

kongehuset.dk

Government of Denmark. "Her Majesty The Queen of Denmark". The Danish Monarchy. Royal Court of Denmark. Archived from the original on 25 June 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

kongehuset.no

Government of Norway. "His Majesty King Harald". Official website of the Royal House of Norway. Royal Court of Norway. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

koninklijkhuis.nl

Government of the Netherlands. "Orange and Nassau". The Dutch Royal House. Government Information Service. Archived from the original on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Government of the Netherlands. "Zijne Majesteit Koning Willem-Alexander" [His Majesty King Willem-Alexander]. The Dutch Royal House (in Dutch). Government Information Service. Retrieved 30 April 2013.

kunaicho.go.jp

Government of Japan. "Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress". Imperial Household Agency. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

lesotho.gov.ls

Government of Lesotho. "His Majesty King Letsie III". The Lesotho Monarchy. Archived from the original on 26 June 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

liechtenstein.li

Image Liechtenstein. "The Principality of Liechtenstein" (PDF). Portal of the Principality of Liechtenstein. Retrieved 9 July 2011.

loc.gov

webarchive.loc.gov

Malaysian Administrative Modernisation and Management Planning Unit. "The Yang di-Pertuan Agong". myGovernment. Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 21 December 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.

mahidol.ac.th

"The Illustrious Chakri Family". Mahidol University. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

malaysia.gov.my

Malaysian Administrative Modernisation and Management Planning Unit. "The Yang di-Pertuan Agong". myGovernment. Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 21 December 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.

malaysianmonarchy.org.my

National Library of Malaysia. "Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIV". Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2011.

medea.be

MEDEA Institute. "Abdullah II (Jordan)". Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

monarchie.be

Government of Belgium. "King Philippe". The Belgian Monarchy. Federal Public Service; Chancery of the Prime Minister. Retrieved 22 July 2013.

monarchie.lu

"Droits de Succession: Ordre successoral" (in French). Grand Ducal Court of Luxembourg. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

palaceoffice.gov.to

Government of Tonga. "Tu'i Kanokupolu". Palace Office. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

palais.mc

"Biography". Prince's Palace of Monaco. 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2011.

pmo.gov.bn

Government of Brunei. "Prime Minister". The Royal Ark. Office of the Prime Minister. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

pmo.gov.to

Government of Tonga (28 July 2008). "Geneology of King Tupou VI". Office of the Lord Chamberlain. Archived from the original on 24 August 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.

reuters.com

uk.reuters.com

Denyer, Simon (7 November 2008). "Bhutan's Dragon King shows he is man of the people". Reuters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

reuters.com

"Sultan Ibrahim of Johor state installed as Malaysia's 17th king". Reuters. 31 January 2024.

royal.gov.uk

Government of the United Kingdom. "The King of the Commonwealth". Official website of the British Monarchy. The Royal Household. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

royalcourt.se

Government of Sweden. "H.M. King Carl XVI Gustaf". Sveriges Kungahus (in Swedish). Information and Press Department. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

sachsen-coburg-gotha.de

Herzogliche Hauptverwaltung. "The House of Wettin". Das Herzogliche Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha. The Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha's Family Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Rubin, N.N. (28 July 2009). "The Swazi Law of Succession: A Restatement". Journal of African Law. 9 (2). Cambridge University Press: 90–113. doi:10.1017/S0021855300001108. S2CID 143385608.

sesotho.web.za

Olivier, J. "Basotho in Lesotho". Sesotho Online. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

tcnj.edu

gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu

Steinberg, Glenn A. "The Former Ruling House of Lippe, 1939–1945". European Royalty during World War II. The College of New Jersey. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.

theestimate.com

"The Kingdom of Bahrain: The Constitutional Changes". The Estimate. The International Estimate, Inc. 22 February 2002. Archived from the original on 3 October 2009. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

thelist.com

Cahn, Lauren (8 July 2022). "The Stunning Transformation Of Princess Leonor, The Future Queen Of Spain". TheList.com. Retrieved 2 August 2022.

thenationalnews.com

"President Sheikh Khalifa dies aged 73". The National. 13 May 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.

washingtonpost.com

Thafer, Dania (14 October 2021). "Qatar's first elected parliament may have more power than other Persian Gulf legislatures. Here's why". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2 April 2022.

web.archive.org

"The Kingdom of Bahrain: The Constitutional Changes". The Estimate. The International Estimate, Inc. 22 February 2002. Archived from the original on 3 October 2009. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
"The Belgian Monarchy" (PDF). Government of Belgium, Chancellery of the Prime Minister. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
Herzogliche Hauptverwaltung. "The House of Wettin". Das Herzogliche Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha. The Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha's Family Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Government of Brunei. "Prime Minister". The Royal Ark. Office of the Prime Minister. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
Chandara, L., Samean, Y., Vachonn, M., Plaut, E., Botumroath, L. and Soenthrith, S. (October 2004). "King Norodom Sihamoni's coronation: a special supplement to the Cambodia Daily". The Cambodia Daily. Archived from the original on 4 April 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Government of Cambodia. "The Monarchy". Royal Embassy of Cambodia in the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
Government of Denmark. "Her Majesty The Queen of Denmark". The Danish Monarchy. Royal Court of Denmark. Archived from the original on 25 June 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2010.
Embassy of Japan in Pakistan (7 December 2007). "National Day of Japan to be celebrated" (Press release). Government of Japan. Archived from the original on 3 January 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
MEDEA Institute. "Abdullah II (Jordan)". Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
Government of Lesotho. "His Majesty King Letsie III". The Lesotho Monarchy. Archived from the original on 26 June 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Prince Hans-Adam II". Das Furstenhaus von Liechtenstein. Princely House of Liechtenstein. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023.
"Malaysian Monarchy System". Fortune.my. 29 June 2011. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012.
National Library of Malaysia. "Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIV". Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
"Biography". Prince's Palace of Monaco. 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
Government of the Netherlands. "Orange and Nassau". The Dutch Royal House. Government Information Service. Archived from the original on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Steinberg, Glenn A. "The Former Ruling House of Lippe, 1939–1945". European Royalty during World War II. The College of New Jersey. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Government of Sweden (19 September 1973). "Kungl Maj:ts kungörelse (1973:702)". Department of Justice. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
"The Illustrious Chakri Family". Mahidol University. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
Government of Tonga (28 July 2008). "Geneology of King Tupou VI". Office of the Lord Chamberlain. Archived from the original on 24 August 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Government of Tonga. "Tu'i Kanokupolu". Palace Office. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

List of current monarchs of sovereign states (English Wikipedia)

1lurer.am

69.15

62.95.69.15

abc.net.au

apnews.com

arabnews.com

archive.org

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.com

belgium.be

books.google.com

cambodianembassy.org.uk

casareal.es

collinsdictionary.com

com.kh

camnet.com.kh

diwan.gov.qa

doi.org

emb-japan.go.jp

pk.emb-japan.go.jp

fortune.my

fuerstenhaus.li

go.com

abcnews.go.com

gouvernement.lu

govern.ad

grimaldi.org

khaosodenglish.com

kingabdullah.jo

kinghussein.gov.jo

kongehuset.dk

kongehuset.no

koninklijkhuis.nl

kunaicho.go.jp

lesotho.gov.ls

liechtenstein.li

loc.gov

webarchive.loc.gov

mahidol.ac.th

malaysia.gov.my

malaysianmonarchy.org.my

medea.be

monarchie.be

monarchie.lu

palaceoffice.gov.to

palais.mc

pmo.gov.bn

pmo.gov.to

reuters.com

uk.reuters.com

reuters.com

royal.gov.uk

royalcourt.se

sachsen-coburg-gotha.de

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

sesotho.web.za

tcnj.edu

gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu

theestimate.com

thelist.com

thenationalnews.com

washingtonpost.com

web.archive.org

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org