List of extinct languages of Asia (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "List of extinct languages of Asia" in English language version.

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academia.edu

Andreas Hölzl (2020). "Bala (China) – Language Snapshot". Academia.edu. p. 163. Retrieved 2024-10-09. The Bala language is said to have become extinct in 1982,
Alexander Vovin (2017). "Origins of the Japanese Language". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. p. 1,6. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
Alexander Vovin (December 2015). "Some notes on the Tuyuhun (吐谷渾) language: in the footsteps of Paul Pelliot". Journal of Sino-Western Communications. 7 (2). Academia.edu: 157–166. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
Stein, Peter (2008). "The "Ḥimyaritic" Language in pre-Islamic Yemen A Critical Re-evaluation". Academia.edu. p. 203. Its attribution to the tribe of Ḥimyar led to the designation of this idiom as"Ḥimyaritic". According to the sources, this language must have been in use in the Yemeni highlands up to the Xth century and even later,
Lenski, Noel. "Assimilation and Revolt in the Territory of Isauria, From the 1st Century BC to the 6th Century AD". Academia.edu. Retrieved 2024-08-13. Beginning in the middle of the second millenniumBC the region had fallen under the control of the Hittite empire and from that point until at least the end of the sixth century AD its inhabitants continued to speak a branch of Hittite now called Luwian.
Al-Jallad, Ahmad. "Al-Jallad. 2020. The month ʾdr in Safaitic and the status of spirantization in "Arabian" Aramaic". Academia.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-29. A minority of dated texts suggest that the practice of carving Safaitic inscriptions spanned at least from the second century BCE to the third century CE.
Kootstra-Ford, Fokelien. "The Language of the Taymanitic Inscriptions and its Classification". Academia.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-08. Therefore, at least part of the Taymanitic corpus can safely be dated to the second half of the 6th century BCE.
Al-Jallad, Ahmad. "Al-Jallad. 2018. The earliest stages of Arabic and its linguistic classification". Academia.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-10. These inscriptions are concentrated in northwest Arabia, and one occurs alongside a Nabataean tomb inscription dated to the year 267 CE.

andaman.org

"The Andamanese". Archived from the original on 20 May 2013. Retrieved 2024-03-07.

archive.today

"Avestan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 1200 - 800 BC.
"Volga-Bolgarian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2024. 13th century AD.
"Khazar". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 6th - 12th century AD.
"Tokharian A". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 31 May 2024. c. 7th - 10th centuries AD.
"Tokharian B". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2024. c. 7th - 10th centuries AD.
"Tangut". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 6 April 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2024. c. 11th - 16th centuries AD.
"Zhang-zhung". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2024. 7th - 10th century AD.
"Palaeosyrian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 January 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 3rd Millenium BC.
"Edomite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. Earlier half of the 1st Millennium BC.
"Eteocypriot". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2024. An ancient language of Cyprus, up to 4th C BC.
"Hatti". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 2nd Millennium BC.
"Hieroglyphic Luwian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 2nd-1st Millennium BC.
"Lycian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 500 BC to about 200 BC.
"Lydian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 8th to ? 3rd century BC.
"Palaic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 2nd Millennium BC.
"Sabaic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 100 BC - 600 AD.

atlaskmns.ru

mobile.atlaskmns.ru

"Chulym Turkic". Retrieved 2024-11-13. Currently, the Lower Chulym dialect is considered extinct (the last speaker, according to Valeria Lemskaya, died in 2011).

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"The last of Nepal's Dura speakers". BBC. January 15, 2008. Retrieved 7 March 2024.

biblehub.com

"Topical Bible: Lycaonia". Bible Hub. Retrieved 2024-09-23.

books.google.com

Finke, Peter (1999). "The Kazaks of western Mongolia". In Svanberg, Ingvar (ed.). Contemporary Kazaks: Cultural and Social Perspectives. London: Curzon. p. 109. ISBN 0-7007-1115-5. Khoton are a small Muslim minority of 6,000. They are settled in Taryalan-sum in the western part of the Uvs-aymag and are thought to have spoken a Turkic language up until the nineteenth century.
George van Driem (2001), Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region : Containing an Introduction to the Symbiotic Theory of Language, BRILL, ISBN 90-04-12062-9, ... The Aka-Kol tribe of Middle Andaman became extinct by 1921. The Oko-Juwoi of Middle Andaman and the Aka-Bea of South Andaman and Rutland Island were extinct by 1931. The Akar-Bale of Ritchie's Archipelago, the Aka-Kede of Middle Andaman and the A-Pucikwar of South Andaman Island soon followed. By 1951, the census counted a total of only 23 Greater Andamanese and 10 Sentinelese. That means that just ten men, twelve women and one child remained of the Aka-Kora, Aka-Cari and Aka-Jeru tribes of Greater Andaman and only ten natives of North Sentinel Island ...
Jean Jacques Glassner (2013-10-28). "Dilmun, Magan and Meluhha". In Julian Reade (ed.). The Indian Ocean In Antiquity. Routledge. p. 242. ISBN 9781136155314. In short, the anthroponyms and the remnants of the language show that at the beginning of the second millennium the people of Dilmun was a Semitic one.
History of Humanity: From the Third Millennium to the Seventh Century B.C. UNESCO. 31 December 1996. p. 196. ISBN 978-92-3-102811-3. Retrieved 20 October 2024.
Koerner, E. F. K. (1 January 1998). First Person Singular III: Autobiographies by North American Scholars in the Language Sciences. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 33. ISBN 978-90-272-4576-2.

bsz-bw.de

ids-pub.bsz-bw.de

Maitz, Péter; Volker, Craig A. (2017). "Language Contact in the German Colonies: Papua New Guinea and beyond" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-07-14. Kiautschou Pidgin German, which was spoken in the German colony Kiautschou on the coast of China in the early 20th century.

cambridge.org

Kibrik, Aleksandr E. (March 1991). "The Problem of Endangered Languages in the USSR". Diogenes. 39 (153): 67–83. doi:10.1177/039219219103915305. ISSN 0392-1921.

cet.ac.il

lib.cet.ac.il

ברוך מרגלית (Oct 1998). "עלילות בלעם בר-בעור מעמק סוכות" (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on December 21, 2014. Retrieved 2024-08-20.

clld.org

asjp.clld.org

"The ASJP Database - Wordlist Moghol". asjp.clld.org. Retrieved 2025-01-09. status extinct since 2013
"The ASJP Database - Wordlist Teun". asjp.clld.org. Retrieved 2025-01-10. status extinct since 2013
"The ASJP Database - Wordlist Assan". asjp.clld.org. Retrieved 2024-11-17. status extinct since 1790
"The ASJP Database - Wordlist Pumpokol". asjp.clld.org. Retrieved 2024-11-16. status extinct since 1740

crystalinks.com

"Kassites". Crystalinks. Retrieved 15 August 2024. Kassite (Cassite) was a language spoken by Kassites in northern Mesopotamia from approximately the 18th to the 4th century BC.

d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net

"FROM PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN TO MYCENAEAN GREEK:A PHONOLOGICAL STUDY" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 24 April 2024. ... no tablets or any other inscribed vessels were found from ca. 1200 BC onwards.

degruyter.com

Edward Vajda (2024-02-19). Vajda, Edward (ed.). "8 The Yeniseian language family". The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia. De Gruyter. pp. 365–480. doi:10.1515/9783110556216-008. ISBN 978-3-11-055621-6. Retrieved 2024-11-17.

doi.org

Savelyev, Alexander; Jeong, Choongwon (7 May 2020). "Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West". Cambridge University Press. 2. doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.18. PMC 7612788. PMID 35663512. the Khüis Tolgoi inscription must have been erected between 604 and 620 AD.
Jacquesson, François (2017). "The linguistic reconstruction of the past The case of the Boro-Garo languages". Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 40 (1). Translated by van Breugel, Seino: 108. doi:10.1075/ltba.40.1.04van. A second more dramatic example is P.R. Gurdon's 1904 article 'The Morans' in the same journal. ... The census returned 78 speakers in 1901, 24 in 1911 and none in 1931.
Mark Donohue (2007). "The Papuan Language of Tambora". Oceanic Linguistics. 46 (2). JSTOR: 520–537. doi:10.1353/ol.2008.0014. JSTOR 20172326. Retrieved 2024-05-07. ...the language, along with its speakers, was lost in a gigantic volcanic eruption, the most cataclysmic in historic times in April 1815.
Kibrik, Aleksandr E. (March 1991). "The Problem of Endangered Languages in the USSR". Diogenes. 39 (153): 67–83. doi:10.1177/039219219103915305. ISSN 0392-1921.
Stern, Dieter (2005). "Taimyr Pidgin Russian (Govorka)". Russian Linguistics. 29 (3). JSTOR: 289–318. doi:10.1007/s11185-005-8376-3. ISSN 0304-3487. JSTOR 40160794. Retrieved 2024-08-25. These are the Norwegian-Russian pidgin known as Russenorsk, Chinese Pidgin Russian and Taimyr Pidgin Russian (TPR). Brief remarks in travel accounts and elsewhere indicate the existence of other Russian pidgins, such as Chukotka Pidgin Russian and Kamchatka Pidgin Russian. None of these, however, have been documented or described. In the case of the documented pidgins, the extent of the text samples is far from being exhaustive. With the exception of TPR, further documentation seems no longer possible, however, as the pidgins in question are extinct by now.
Edward Vajda (2024-02-19). Vajda, Edward (ed.). "8 The Yeniseian language family". The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia. De Gruyter. pp. 365–480. doi:10.1515/9783110556216-008. ISBN 978-3-11-055621-6. Retrieved 2024-11-17.

dzen.ru

"Dying Languages". Dzen. February 9, 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2024.

ethnologue.com

"Inku". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-10-14. Retrieved 2024-10-19. Last speakers probably survived into the 1990s.
"Taivoan". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2024-10-19. The last known speaker died near the end of the 1800s.
Nagarchal at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
"Ullatan". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2008-02-08. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
"Ata". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2024-10-19. 2 (Wurm 2000). In 1973, only a few families of speakers were reported. Probably extinct (Wurm 2007).
"Great Andamanese, Mixed". Ethnologue.
"Hoti". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2024-11-17. No known L1 speakers (Wurm 2007).
"Hpon". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-09-23. Retrieved 2024-10-19. Last known speaker survived into the 1990s
"Kamarian". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2014-02-20. Retrieved 2024-10-19. ...now probably extinct (Wurm 2007).
Lelak at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
"Moksela". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2008-10-23. Retrieved 2024-06-12. Last speaker died in 1974.
Nila at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
"Sabüm". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-07-04. Retrieved 2024-10-19. The last speaker survived into the late 1970s (Benjamin 1976).
"Taman". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2011-12-17. Retrieved 2024-06-12. Reportedly the last speaker of Taman died in the 1990s.

archive.ethnologue.com

"Papora-Hoanya". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
"Malaryan". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-09-17.

hawaii.edu

ling.hawaii.edu

Lobel, Jason William. "Philippine and North Bornean languages: Issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction" (PDF). p. 98. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 2024-08-14. SIL linguist Richard Roe contacted this group in 1957 and took a word list of 291 words. They lived on the Dicamay River on the western side of the Sierra Madre near Jones, Isabela. Roe told me that there was only one family there then. In November 1974, after talking with Roe and with a copy of his wordlist in hand, I went to Jones to see if I could find the Agta who spoke this language. I was unable to find them. We talked to many Filipinos in the area, but they all said they had not seen any Negritos for several years. Some people whispered to me that migrant Ilokano homesteaders had killed a number of the Agta a few years ago.
Lobel, Jason William. "Philippine and North Bornean languages: Issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction" (PDF). p. 92. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 2024-08-14. While the Katabangan of Catanauan exists in name as a group, a visit to the group in 2006 confirmed that none of the Katabangan speak any language natively other than Tagalog, nor is there any recollection of their ancestors speaking any other language.

www2.hawaii.edu

Inoue, Aya (2006). "Grammatical Features of Yokohama Pidgin Japanese: Common Characteristics of Restricted Pidgins" (PDF). University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa: 55. Retrieved 19 August 2024. A pidginized variety of Japanese called Yokohamese or Japanese Ports Lingo evolved during the reign of Emperor Meiji from 1868 to 1912, and largely disappeared by the end of the nineteenth century.

hokudai.ac.jp

eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp

Sato, Tomomi; Bugaeva, Anna (15 March 2019). "The study of old documents of Hokkaido and Kuril Ainu : promise and challenges". 北方言語研究. 9: 67–93. Retrieved 2024-05-08. Unfortunately, Kuril Ainu, which is absolutely indispensable for the reconstruction, disappeared in the late 19th century with just few old documents left.

iranicaonline.org

"AZERBAIJAN vii. The Iranian Language of Azerbaijan". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 2024-08-20.

jakartaglobe.id

"11 Indigenous Languages Declared Extinct: Education Ministry". Jakarta Globe. 8 March 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024. Muksin specifically mentioned 11 extinct indigenous languages, such as Tandia and Mawes in West Papua and Papua, along with Kajeli, Piru, Moksela, Palumata, Ternateno, Hukumina, Hoti, Serua, and Nila in different areas of Maluku.

jstor.org

Mark Donohue (2007). "The Papuan Language of Tambora". Oceanic Linguistics. 46 (2). JSTOR: 520–537. doi:10.1353/ol.2008.0014. JSTOR 20172326. Retrieved 2024-05-07. ...the language, along with its speakers, was lost in a gigantic volcanic eruption, the most cataclysmic in historic times in April 1815.
Stern, Dieter (2005). "Taimyr Pidgin Russian (Govorka)". Russian Linguistics. 29 (3). JSTOR: 289–318. doi:10.1007/s11185-005-8376-3. ISSN 0304-3487. JSTOR 40160794. Retrieved 2024-08-25. These are the Norwegian-Russian pidgin known as Russenorsk, Chinese Pidgin Russian and Taimyr Pidgin Russian (TPR). Brief remarks in travel accounts and elsewhere indicate the existence of other Russian pidgins, such as Chukotka Pidgin Russian and Kamchatka Pidgin Russian. None of these, however, have been documented or described. In the case of the documented pidgins, the extent of the text samples is far from being exhaustive. With the exception of TPR, further documentation seems no longer possible, however, as the pidgins in question are extinct by now.
Walter E. Aufrecht (May 1987). "The Ammonite Language of the Iron Age. Kent P. Jackson. Review". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (266). JSTOR: 87. JSTOR 1356933. Retrieved 9 October 2024.

kubsu.ru

moodle.kubsu.ru

"Исчезающие народы/языки: Аринцы, Аринский (Arin) | СМДО КубГУ". moodle.kubsu.ru. Retrieved 2025-01-01.

lexvo.org

"iso639-3/fos". Retrieved 2024-05-21. Siraya is a Formosan language spoken until the end of the 19th century by the indigenous Siraya people of Taiwan.
"iso639-3/psu". Retrieved 2024-06-23. Most of the material in this language originates from the 3rd to 10th centuries AD...
"iso639-3/kzl". Retrieved 2024-05-17. The last speaker of the Leliali dialect died in 1989
"iso639-3/tvy". Retrieved 2024-05-17. ...that was spoken in Bidau, an eastern suburb of Dili, East Timor until the 1960s

linguistlist.org

"The Akkadian Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 25 December 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-22. Survived until around 100 AD.
"The Sam'alian Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 31 August 2009. Retrieved 24 July 2024. 820-730 BC.

lipi.go.id

ipsk.lipi.go.id

Dimas, Dimas. "PUNAHNYA BAHASA KREOL PORTUGIS". LIPI (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2024.

multitree.org

"Avestan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 1200 - 800 BC.
"Bactrian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 3 October 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-08. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
"Volga-Bolgarian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2024. 13th century AD.
"Khazar". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 6th - 12th century AD.
"Chorasmian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-08. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
"Parthian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
"Tokharian A". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 31 May 2024. c. 7th - 10th centuries AD.
"Paekche". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-07. 5th to 7th centuries AD.
"Koguryo". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 September 2019. Retrieved 2024-04-25. 1st century to mid-8th century A.D.
"Kitan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-08. 916 - 1125 AD.
"Tokharian B". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2024. c. 7th - 10th centuries AD.
"Tangut". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 6 April 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2024. c. 11th - 16th centuries AD.
"Zhang-zhung". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2024. 7th - 10th century AD.
"Indus Valley Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 2024-06-07. 2500-1900 BC.
"Paisaci Prakrit". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-12. Most of the material in this language originates from the 3rd to 10th centuries AD, though it was probably spoken as early as the 5th century BC.
"Pyu". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. c. 5th? - 12th century AD.
"Chuvantsy". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2024-04-26. Survived until perhaps the 18th century AD.
"Kott". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-07. Survived until middle of 19th century AD.
"Mator". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2024-03-07. Mator or Motor was a Uralic language belonging to the group of Samoyedic languages, extinct since the 1840s.
"Omok". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2024-04-26. Survived until perhaps 18th century.
"Sirenik". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 December 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-07. In January 1997 the last native speaker of the language, a woman named Vyie (Valentina Wye) died.
"Armazic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. Retrieved 2024-04-16. 1st-2nd centuries AD.
"Carian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 7th to 3rd centuries BC.
"Palaeosyrian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 January 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 3rd Millenium BC.
"Edomite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. Earlier half of the 1st Millennium BC.
"Elamite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 3rd millennium BC - 8th Century BC.
"Eteocypriot". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2024. An ancient language of Cyprus, up to 4th C BC.
"Galatian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-06. Perhaps from the late 1st millenium BC, and spoken until the 6th century AD, according to Greek Historians.
"Hadramitic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 15 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"Hatti". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 2nd Millennium BC.
"Hittite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 August 2016. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 1500–1180 BC
"Hurrian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 17 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 2nd - Ist Millennium BC.
"Hieroglyphic Luwian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 2nd-1st Millennium BC.
"Lycian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 500 BC to about 200 BC.
"Lydian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 8th to ? 3rd century BC.
"Median". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-13. 500 BC - 100 AD.
"Milyan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. First millennium BC.
"Minaic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 26 August 2012. Retrieved 2024-05-20. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"Minoan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 October 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-05. Circa 1800 and 1450 BC.
"Moabite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-05. Earlier half of the 1st Millennium BC.
"Mysian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-06. Before 1st Century AD.
"Palaic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 2nd Millennium BC.
"Phoenician". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 4 February 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 2nd - 1st Millennium BC.
"Pisidian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 2nd-3rd century BC.
"Qatabanic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"Sabaic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 24 April 2024. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"Sidetic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 3rd - 2nd centuries BC.
"Sumerian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 27 June 2013. Retrieved 2024-03-05. The language continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language until the 1st century AD.
"Ugaritic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 15th to 13th Century BC.
"Urartean". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. Ist Millennium BC.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Savelyev, Alexander; Jeong, Choongwon (7 May 2020). "Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West". Cambridge University Press. 2. doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.18. PMC 7612788. PMID 35663512. the Khüis Tolgoi inscription must have been erected between 604 and 620 AD.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Savelyev, Alexander; Jeong, Choongwon (7 May 2020). "Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West". Cambridge University Press. 2. doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.18. PMC 7612788. PMID 35663512. the Khüis Tolgoi inscription must have been erected between 604 and 620 AD.

nii.ac.jp

nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp

"KHAROSTHI MANUSCRIPTS: A WINDOW ON GANDHARAN BUDDHISM". Retrieved 2024-05-13. ... the Kharosthi script was used as a literary medium, that is, from the time of Asoka in the middle of the third century B.C. until about the third century A.D.

minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp

Krauss, Michael. "The Indigenous Languages of the North : A Report on Their Present State" (PDF). Retrieved 23 April 2024. Yurats was another Samoyedic language replaced by the eastward advance of Tundra Nenets, extinct during the nineteenth century, with meager documentation

openthemagazine.com

"The Death of an Indian-born Language". Open Magazine. 28 October 2010. Retrieved 7 March 2024.

ox.ac.uk

krc.orient.ox.ac.uk

"Dadanitic". Retrieved 2024-05-10. Dadanitic was the alphabet used by the inhabitants of the ancient oasis of Dadan, probably some time during the second half of the first millennium BC.
"Dumaitic". Retrieved 2024-05-10. According to the Assyrian annals Dūma was the seat of successive queens of the Arabs, some of whom were also priestesses, in the eighth and seventh centuries BC.
"Hasaitic". LINGUIST List. Retrieved 2024-05-10. They are thought to date from the first two centuries AD.
"Hismaic". Retrieved 2024-05-10. i.e. first century BC to fourth century AD

persee.fr

Laurent Sagart (1995). Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale (ed.). "Questions of method in Chinese-tibeto-burman comparison". pp. 245–255. Retrieved 25 November 2024.

researchgate.net

Martine Robbeets (2020). Oxford University Press (ed.). "Archaeolinguistic evidence for the farming/language dispersal of Koreanic". p. 6. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
George van Driem (May 2007). Matthias Brenzinger (ed.). "Endangered Languages of South Asia". Handbook of Endangered Languages: 303. Retrieved 20 October 2024. Rangkas was recorded in the Western Himalayas as recently as the beginning of the 20th century, but is now extinct.
Gulnar Nadirova Logo. "STATUS OF THE KYPCHAK LANGUAGE IN MAMLUK EGYPT: LANGUAGE - BARRIER OR LANGUAGE - CONTACT?". p. 59. Retrieved 25 April 2024. Even towards the end of the Mamluk period, during the reign of the last sultan al-Ghawri (1501-1516), the Mamluk, called Asanbay min Sudun, copied the religious Hanbali tract of Abu al-Layth in Kypchak language for the royal library.
"THE ARABIC WORDS IN PALMYRENE INSCRIPTIONS". ResearchGate. Retrieved 11 May 2024. The earliest dated Palmyrene inscription is from the year 44 BC and the latest discovery has been dated to the year 274 AD.

rferl.org

"Last Native Speaker Of Aleut Language In Russia Dies". Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty. 5 October 2022. Retrieved 2024-04-26.

telegraph.co.uk

"Language lost as last member of Andaman tribe dies". The Daily Telegraph. 5 February 2010. Retrieved 7 March 2024.

terralingua.org

"Remembering Licho, the Last Speaker of the Sare Language". Terralingua. April 30, 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2024.

teyit.org

md.teyit.org

Lindsay, Robert. "Mutual Intelligibility Among the Turkic Languages" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-04-07. This lect is the descendant of the Fergana Kipchak language that went extinct in the late 1920's.

thehindu.com

"The Hindu". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-07.

tsu.ge

dspace.tsu.ge

"Historical Memory about Migration of the Kaskians in Western Georgia". p. 335. Retrieved 2024-05-06. The Kaška first appear on the territory of the Hittite empire in the 15th c. B.C. and are mentioned till 8th c. B.C.

ugent.be

biblio.ugent.be

Stern, Dieter (2020). "Russian Pidgin Languages". p. 3. Retrieved 2024-08-25. With the dissolution of the Russian emigré community in Harbin starting with the foundation of Manchukuo in 1932, and the expulsion of the Chinese from the Soviet Union in the late 1930s, CPR lost its remaining functional domains and went extinct.

unimelb.edu.au

rest.neptune-prod.its.unimelb.edu.au

Maeir, Aren M.; Hitchcock, Louise A. "The Appearance, Formation and Transformation of Philistine Culture: New Perspectives and New Finds". Retrieved 2024-08-13. Thereafter, accordingly, over a period of approximately two centuries, this culture became increasingly influenced by the local, Levantine cultures until somewhere in the IA IIA (sometime after 1000 BCE), the unique, foreign attributes of the Philistine culture disappeared.

usek.edu.lb

"The Neo-Aramaic Languages" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-05-08. Ibrahim Ḥanna was the last speaker of the Mlaḥso language, as the village was destroyed in 1915 during the Armenian genocide. He died in 1999 in Qāmišli in Syria

utexas.edu

sites.utexas.edu

Wilson, Samuel M. "Cultures in Contact" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-05-08. In 1994, Take Asai died at the age of 102. She was the last native speaker of Sakhalin Ainu

uwo.ca

ir.lib.uwo.ca

"The prosodic structure of Pazeh". Retrieved 2024-05-21. Pazeh, an Austronesian language of Taiwan thought to have lost its last speaker in 2010.

vpro.nl

noorderlicht.vpro.nl

"Noorderlicht Nieuws: Raadselachtig Rusenu" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Retrieved 2024-08-06.

web.archive.org

"Bactrian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 3 October 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-08. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
"Inku". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-10-14. Retrieved 2024-10-19. Last speakers probably survived into the 1990s.
"Chorasmian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-08. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
"Parthian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
"Paekche". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-07. 5th to 7th centuries AD.
"Koguryo". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 September 2019. Retrieved 2024-04-25. 1st century to mid-8th century A.D.
"Kitan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-08. 916 - 1125 AD.
"Papora-Hoanya". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
"Taivoan". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2024-10-19. The last known speaker died near the end of the 1800s.
"Indus Valley Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 2024-06-07. 2500-1900 BC.
"Malaryan". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-09-17.
"Paisaci Prakrit". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-12. Most of the material in this language originates from the 3rd to 10th centuries AD, though it was probably spoken as early as the 5th century BC.
"Ullatan". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2008-02-08. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
"Ata". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2013-05-20. Retrieved 2024-10-19. 2 (Wurm 2000). In 1973, only a few families of speakers were reported. Probably extinct (Wurm 2007).
Lobel, Jason William. "Philippine and North Bornean languages: Issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction" (PDF). p. 98. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 2024-08-14. SIL linguist Richard Roe contacted this group in 1957 and took a word list of 291 words. They lived on the Dicamay River on the western side of the Sierra Madre near Jones, Isabela. Roe told me that there was only one family there then. In November 1974, after talking with Roe and with a copy of his wordlist in hand, I went to Jones to see if I could find the Agta who spoke this language. I was unable to find them. We talked to many Filipinos in the area, but they all said they had not seen any Negritos for several years. Some people whispered to me that migrant Ilokano homesteaders had killed a number of the Agta a few years ago.
"Hoti". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2024-11-17. No known L1 speakers (Wurm 2007).
"Hpon". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-09-23. Retrieved 2024-10-19. Last known speaker survived into the 1990s
"The Andamanese". Archived from the original on 20 May 2013. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
"Kamarian". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2014-02-20. Retrieved 2024-10-19. ...now probably extinct (Wurm 2007).
Lobel, Jason William. "Philippine and North Bornean languages: Issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction" (PDF). p. 92. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2022. Retrieved 2024-08-14. While the Katabangan of Catanauan exists in name as a group, a visit to the group in 2006 confirmed that none of the Katabangan speak any language natively other than Tagalog, nor is there any recollection of their ancestors speaking any other language.
"The Hindu". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
"Noorderlicht Nieuws: Raadselachtig Rusenu" (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Retrieved 2024-08-06.
Dimas, Dimas. "PUNAHNYA BAHASA KREOL PORTUGIS". LIPI (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
"Moksela". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2008-10-23. Retrieved 2024-06-12. Last speaker died in 1974.
"Pyu". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. c. 5th? - 12th century AD.
"Sabüm". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-07-04. Retrieved 2024-10-19. The last speaker survived into the late 1970s (Benjamin 1976).
"Taman". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2011-12-17. Retrieved 2024-06-12. Reportedly the last speaker of Taman died in the 1990s.
"Chuvantsy". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2024-04-26. Survived until perhaps the 18th century AD.
"Kott". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-07. Survived until middle of 19th century AD.
"Mator". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2024-03-07. Mator or Motor was a Uralic language belonging to the group of Samoyedic languages, extinct since the 1840s.
"Omok". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2024-04-26. Survived until perhaps 18th century.
"Sirenik". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 December 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-07. In January 1997 the last native speaker of the language, a woman named Vyie (Valentina Wye) died.
"The Akkadian Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 25 December 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-22. Survived until around 100 AD.
"Armazic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. Retrieved 2024-04-16. 1st-2nd centuries AD.
"Carian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 7th to 3rd centuries BC.
"Elamite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 3rd millennium BC - 8th Century BC.
"Galatian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-06. Perhaps from the late 1st millenium BC, and spoken until the 6th century AD, according to Greek Historians.
"Hadramitic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 15 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"Hittite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 August 2016. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 1500–1180 BC
"Hurrian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 17 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 2nd - Ist Millennium BC.
"Median". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-13. 500 BC - 100 AD.
"Milyan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. First millennium BC.
"Minaic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 26 August 2012. Retrieved 2024-05-20. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"Minoan". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 October 2019. Retrieved 2024-03-05. Circa 1800 and 1450 BC.
"Moabite". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-05. Earlier half of the 1st Millennium BC.
"FROM PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN TO MYCENAEAN GREEK:A PHONOLOGICAL STUDY" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 24 April 2024. ... no tablets or any other inscribed vessels were found from ca. 1200 BC onwards.
"Mysian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-06. Before 1st Century AD.
"Phoenician". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 4 February 2022. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 2nd - 1st Millennium BC.
"Pisidian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 2nd-3rd century BC.
"Qatabanic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 100 BC - 600 AD.
"The Sam'alian Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 31 August 2009. Retrieved 24 July 2024. 820-730 BC.
"Sidetic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. 3rd - 2nd centuries BC.
ברוך מרגלית (Oct 1998). "עלילות בלעם בר-בעור מעמק סוכות" (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on December 21, 2014. Retrieved 2024-08-20.
"Sumerian". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 27 June 2013. Retrieved 2024-03-05. The language continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language until the 1st century AD.
"Ugaritic". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-05. 15th to 13th Century BC.
"Urartean". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-06. Ist Millennium BC.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Shimunek, Andrew (2017). Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: a Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-10855-3. OCLC 993110372.
Kibrik, Aleksandr E. (March 1991). "The Problem of Endangered Languages in the USSR". Diogenes. 39 (153): 67–83. doi:10.1177/039219219103915305. ISSN 0392-1921.
Stern, Dieter (2005). "Taimyr Pidgin Russian (Govorka)". Russian Linguistics. 29 (3). JSTOR: 289–318. doi:10.1007/s11185-005-8376-3. ISSN 0304-3487. JSTOR 40160794. Retrieved 2024-08-25. These are the Norwegian-Russian pidgin known as Russenorsk, Chinese Pidgin Russian and Taimyr Pidgin Russian (TPR). Brief remarks in travel accounts and elsewhere indicate the existence of other Russian pidgins, such as Chukotka Pidgin Russian and Kamchatka Pidgin Russian. None of these, however, have been documented or described. In the case of the documented pidgins, the extent of the text samples is far from being exhaustive. With the exception of TPR, further documentation seems no longer possible, however, as the pidgins in question are extinct by now.