List of heaviest land mammals (English Wikipedia)

Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61 (3): 537–574. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950.
Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-08-24.
Larramendi, A. (2015). "Proboscideans: Shoulder Height, Body Mass and Shape" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Retrieved 23 May 2020. This is the range for 90% of the male population; see Table 8.
Grubb, Peter; Groves, Colin; Dudley, Joseph; Shoshani, Jeheskel (January 2000). "African forest elephant and african bush elephant". Elephant. 2 (4). doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169.
Weston, E.M.; Lister, A.M. (2009). "Insular dwarfism in hippos and a model for brain size reduction in Homo floresiensis". Nature. 459 (7243): 85–88. Bibcode:2009Natur.459...85W. doi:10.1038/nature07922. PMC 2679980. PMID 19424156. Adult range (males plus females; see Supplementary Discussion on page 15 of Supplementary Material); note mean mass = 1,495 kg.
Laurie, W.A.; Lang, E.M.; Groves, C.P. (1983). "Rhinoceros unicornis". Mammalian Species (211): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3504002. JSTOR 3504002. Weights are for captive males; see page 1.
Hillman-Smith, A.K.K..; Groves, C.P. (1994). "Diceros bicornis". Mammalian Species (455): 1–8. doi:10.2307/3504292. JSTOR 3504292. See page 2.
Hall-Martin, A.J. (1977). "Giraffe Weight Estimation Using Dissected Leg Weight and Body Measurements". The Journal of Wildlife Management. 41 (4): 740–745. doi:10.2307/3799999. JSTOR 3799999. Male weight range, from Table 1.
Meagher, M. (1986). "Bison bison". Mammalian Species (266): 1–8. doi:10.1093/mspecies/266.1. JSTOR 3504019. Male weight range, page 1.
Ahrestani, F.S.; Heitkönig, I.M.A.; Matsubayashi, H.; Prins, H.H.T. (2016). "Grazing and Browsing by Large Herbivores in South and Southeast Asia" (PDF). In Ahrestani, F.S.; Sankaran, M. (eds.). The Ecology of Large Herbivores in South and Southeast Asia. Ecological Studies. Vol. 225. Springer Netherlands. pp. 99–120. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7570-0_4. ISBN 978-94-017-7568-7. ISSN 0070-8356. Retrieved 2020-05-25. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) See page 104.
Groves, C. P.; Kurt, F. (1972). "Dicerorhinus sumatrenis" (PDF). Mammalian Species (21): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3503818. JSTOR 3503818. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2012.
Derocher, A. E.; Wiig, Ø. (2002). "Postnatal growth in body length and mass of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard". Journal of Zoology. 256 (3): 343–349. doi:10.1017/S0952836902000377.
Pienaar, U. de V. (1969). "Observation on developmental biology, growth and some aspects of the population ecology of the African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer Sparrman) in the Kruger National Park". Koedoe. 12 (1). doi:10.4102/koedoe.v12i1.745. ISSN 2071-0771. Combined adult male range for Kruger National Park, South Africa (639.6-767.5 kg; Table 1, page ~56) and East Africa (678.6-835.1 kg; page 36)

edgeofexistence.org

"Bactrian Camel". EdgeofExistence.org. EDGE. 2010.

gov.nl.ca

env.gov.nl.ca

"Moose". Env.gov.nl.ca. Archived from the original on January 2, 2008. Retrieved November 27, 2009.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Weston, E.M.; Lister, A.M. (2009). "Insular dwarfism in hippos and a model for brain size reduction in Homo floresiensis". Nature. 459 (7243): 85–88. Bibcode:2009Natur.459...85W. doi:10.1038/nature07922. PMC 2679980. PMID 19424156. Adult range (males plus females; see Supplementary Discussion on page 15 of Supplementary Material); note mean mass = 1,495 kg.

ijcs.ro

Aryal, A.; Shrestha, T.K.; Ram, A.; Frey, W.; Groves, C.; Hemmer, H.; Dhakal, M.; Koirala, R.J.; Heinen, J.; Raubenheimer, D. (2011). "Call to conserve the Wild Water Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Nepal" (PDF). International Journal of Conservation Science. 2 (4): 261–268. Retrieved 2020-05-25. See page 262.

jstor.org

Laurie, W.A.; Lang, E.M.; Groves, C.P. (1983). "Rhinoceros unicornis". Mammalian Species (211): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3504002. JSTOR 3504002. Weights are for captive males; see page 1.
Hillman-Smith, A.K.K..; Groves, C.P. (1994). "Diceros bicornis". Mammalian Species (455): 1–8. doi:10.2307/3504292. JSTOR 3504292. See page 2.
Hall-Martin, A.J. (1977). "Giraffe Weight Estimation Using Dissected Leg Weight and Body Measurements". The Journal of Wildlife Management. 41 (4): 740–745. doi:10.2307/3799999. JSTOR 3799999. Male weight range, from Table 1.
Meagher, M. (1986). "Bison bison". Mammalian Species (266): 1–8. doi:10.1093/mspecies/266.1. JSTOR 3504019. Male weight range, page 1.
Groves, C. P.; Kurt, F. (1972). "Dicerorhinus sumatrenis" (PDF). Mammalian Species (21): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3503818. JSTOR 3503818. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2012.
Christiansen, P. (1999). "What size were Arctodus simus and Ursus spelaeus (Carnivora: Ursidae)?". Annales Zoologici Fennici. 36 (2): 93–102. JSTOR 23735739.

koedoe.co.za

Pienaar, U. de V. (1969). "Observation on developmental biology, growth and some aspects of the population ecology of the African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer Sparrman) in the Kruger National Park". Koedoe. 12 (1). doi:10.4102/koedoe.v12i1.745. ISSN 2071-0771. Combined adult male range for Kruger National Park, South Africa (639.6-767.5 kg; Table 1, page ~56) and East Africa (678.6-835.1 kg; page 36)

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Weston, E.M.; Lister, A.M. (2009). "Insular dwarfism in hippos and a model for brain size reduction in Homo floresiensis". Nature. 459 (7243): 85–88. Bibcode:2009Natur.459...85W. doi:10.1038/nature07922. PMC 2679980. PMID 19424156. Adult range (males plus females; see Supplementary Discussion on page 15 of Supplementary Material); note mean mass = 1,495 kg.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Weston, E.M.; Lister, A.M. (2009). "Insular dwarfism in hippos and a model for brain size reduction in Homo floresiensis". Nature. 459 (7243): 85–88. Bibcode:2009Natur.459...85W. doi:10.1038/nature07922. PMC 2679980. PMID 19424156. Adult range (males plus females; see Supplementary Discussion on page 15 of Supplementary Material); note mean mass = 1,495 kg.

pan.pl

app.pan.pl

Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61 (3): 537–574. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950.
Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-08-24.
Larramendi, A. (2015). "Proboscideans: Shoulder Height, Body Mass and Shape" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Retrieved 23 May 2020. This is the range for 90% of the male population; see Table 8.

seaworld.org

"Animal Bytes – Common Eland". Seaworld.org. Archived from the original on 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2012-04-08.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61 (3): 537–574. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950.
Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-08-24.
Larramendi, A. (2015). "Proboscideans: Shoulder Height, Body Mass and Shape" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Retrieved 23 May 2020. This is the range for 90% of the male population; see Table 8.

smith.edu

science.smith.edu

Groves, C. P.; Kurt, F. (1972). "Dicerorhinus sumatrenis" (PDF). Mammalian Species (21): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3503818. JSTOR 3503818. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2012.

springer.com

link.springer.com

Ahrestani, F.S.; Heitkönig, I.M.A.; Matsubayashi, H.; Prins, H.H.T. (2016). "Grazing and Browsing by Large Herbivores in South and Southeast Asia" (PDF). In Ahrestani, F.S.; Sankaran, M. (eds.). The Ecology of Large Herbivores in South and Southeast Asia. Ecological Studies. Vol. 225. Springer Netherlands. pp. 99–120. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7570-0_4. ISBN 978-94-017-7568-7. ISSN 0070-8356. Retrieved 2020-05-25. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) See page 104.

stanford.edu

news.stanford.edu

Stanford News Service Stanford News Service Retrieved April 3, 2016

state.ak.us

adfg.state.ak.us

Eide, Sterling. "Roosevelt Elk". Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Archived from the original on 5 June 2007. Retrieved 4 December 2010.

ultimateungulate.com

"Bactrian Camel". UltimateUngulate.com.
"Dromedary, Arabian camel". ultimateungulate.com.

umich.edu

animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu

Atlan, B. "Taurotragus derbianus". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
Buchholtz, C. (1990). True Cattle (Genus Bos). pp. 386–397 in S. Parker, ed. Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals, Volume 5. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. (quoted in Oliphant, M. (2003). Bos grunniens (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed 4 April 2009)
"Cervus elaphus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology. Archived from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2010.

utsandiego.com

LaFee, Scott (2008-05-29). "Seeds of doubt". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 2016-03-08.

viuzza.net

"African Rhinoceros". viuzza.net. Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2017.

wayne.edu

digitalcommons.wayne.edu

Grubb, Peter; Groves, Colin; Dudley, Joseph; Shoshani, Jeheskel (January 2000). "African forest elephant and african bush elephant". Elephant. 2 (4). doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169.

web.archive.org

Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014. S2CID 2092950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-08-24.
"African Rhinoceros". viuzza.net. Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
"Hereford cattle weight". Archived from the original on 24 January 2015.
Groves, C. P.; Kurt, F. (1972). "Dicerorhinus sumatrenis" (PDF). Mammalian Species (21): 1–6. doi:10.2307/3503818. JSTOR 3503818. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2012.
"Animal Bytes – Common Eland". Seaworld.org. Archived from the original on 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
Cockrill, W. R. (1977). The water buffalo (PDF). Rome: Animal Production and Health Series No. 4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 16, 2013.
[1] Archived 2011-08-10 at the Wayback Machine (2011).
"Moose". Env.gov.nl.ca. Archived from the original on January 2, 2008. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
"Cervus elaphus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology. Archived from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
Eide, Sterling. "Roosevelt Elk". Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Archived from the original on 5 June 2007. Retrieved 4 December 2010.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Ahrestani, F.S.; Heitkönig, I.M.A.; Matsubayashi, H.; Prins, H.H.T. (2016). "Grazing and Browsing by Large Herbivores in South and Southeast Asia" (PDF). In Ahrestani, F.S.; Sankaran, M. (eds.). The Ecology of Large Herbivores in South and Southeast Asia. Ecological Studies. Vol. 225. Springer Netherlands. pp. 99–120. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7570-0_4. ISBN 978-94-017-7568-7. ISSN 0070-8356. Retrieved 2020-05-25. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) See page 104.
Pienaar, U. de V. (1969). "Observation on developmental biology, growth and some aspects of the population ecology of the African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer Sparrman) in the Kruger National Park". Koedoe. 12 (1). doi:10.4102/koedoe.v12i1.745. ISSN 2071-0771. Combined adult male range for Kruger National Park, South Africa (639.6-767.5 kg; Table 1, page ~56) and East Africa (678.6-835.1 kg; page 36)

zetatalk.com

www4.zetatalk.com

Cockrill, W. R. (1977). The water buffalo (PDF). Rome: Animal Production and Health Series No. 4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 16, 2013.